WO2001023868A1 - Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge - Google Patents

Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001023868A1
WO2001023868A1 PCT/EP2000/009476 EP0009476W WO0123868A1 WO 2001023868 A1 WO2001023868 A1 WO 2001023868A1 EP 0009476 W EP0009476 W EP 0009476W WO 0123868 A1 WO0123868 A1 WO 0123868A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
samples
calibration
fat
pcb
process according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2000/009476
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frans Coucke
Karel Haustraete
Nico Klinis
André FONTAINE
Jorrit MEESTERS
Ingrid Maes
Original Assignee
Bran + Luebbe Gmbh
Bran + Luebbe The Netherlands
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bran + Luebbe Gmbh, Bran + Luebbe The Netherlands filed Critical Bran + Luebbe Gmbh
Priority to EP00971294A priority Critical patent/EP1232386A1/fr
Priority to JP2001527205A priority patent/JP2003510601A/ja
Publication of WO2001023868A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001023868A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a process for determination of halogenated organic compounds, especially PCBs, that means polychlonnated biphenyls, m at least partially hydrophobic samples like fat, using photometry.
  • PCB' s In meat fat a build-up of PCB' s and dioxms from the environment has been observed.
  • the principal ways by which PCB' s are coming into the environment are: vaporisation from plasticisers, combustion of industrials and domestic waste, transformers and capacitors cooling liquids (according to data of the World Health Organisation) .
  • the nature and dynamics of the distribution persistence, chemical inertness, spreading m the atmosphere due to fairly high vapour pressure and capacity for diffusion in the soil and surface waters combined with lipophilicity promote the bioaccumulation of PCB' s m the fatty tissues of man and animals m amounts considered to be dangerous for vital activity.
  • PCB' s is correlated to the dioxm level and is a way to measure the dioxm level indirectly.
  • GC Gas Chromatography
  • Gas chromatography is a separation technique, the samples are separated m different fractions. The different components coming out of a chromatography column are detected. Different detection techniques can be used. Like mass spectroscopy (MS) or electron capture detector (ECD) . In the latter gas chromatography detection technique is used, because halogens are very well detected by this technique and PCB' s contain a lot of chlorinated bondings. For PCB a family of 7 congenating piques, each pique of approximately 20 ppb level for the 200 ppb level samples, can be detected and defined as the PCB concentration level. The standard deviation read-out is approximately 20%.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process having a superior combination of good sensitivity and easy handling with respect to prior art.
  • NIR-spectroscopy is an analytical method. Results are calculated from reference data, e.g. obtained from different analytical procedures like gas chromatography, using statistical algorithms.
  • NIR ranges from about 750 nm to 2500 nm.
  • At least one chemometric calibration model is calculated using factor analysis and/or regression techniques are used and later on used to predict unknown samples.
  • Calibration results are calculated from reference data obtained from different analytical procedures, e.g. gas chromatography, using statistical algorithms. This is called the calibration process.
  • the unusualness of this invention is the use of NIR for the detection of components in ppb (parts per billion) level. This means for PCB in pork fat a level of approximately 200 nanogram per 100 gram fat. This is extremely low and thought to be beyond the NIR detection limits.
  • the spectral data are recorded advantageously within a wavelength range between 1100 and 2500 nm, where characteristic near-infrared signals, e.g. of PCB are found and where standard near- infrared spectrometers can be used.
  • the selection of calibration sample concentrations comprises usefully increasing differences of successive samples with increasing concentrations, especially with a concentration range extending up to more than 10-fold of the minimum detection level of the process to provide good calibrations in the lower concentration level of the calibration samples and/or in order to have much variance represented by the calibration samples.
  • the selection of samples Preferably have a concentration range extending up to more than 10-fold of the minimum detection level.
  • mixtures of 0, 140, 280, 1400 and 2800 ppb PCB per 100 gram blank fat are used as calibration samples, m particular m combination with real fat samples comprising PCB concentrations within this range.
  • Transmission and/or reflectance data and/or absorbance and/or the first and/or the corresponding first or higher derivation of these data may be recorded m the process according to the present invention for the measurements. This can be done by conversion of the measured data according to known techniques, as well.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the process of the present invention comprises a selection of preferred wavelengths is used for recording spectral data, especially the combination of at least three wavelengths, preferably containing 173015, 1740+5 and 2260 ⁇ 5nm, or 173015, 174015 and 2264 ⁇ 5nm, or 1730+5, 174015 and 2258 ⁇ 5nm, or 137615, 1384+5 and 2184+5nm, or 1376+5, 138415 and 2180 ⁇ 5nm in order to reduce measurement time and/or to obtain a good accuracy.
  • a subrange of NIR including a number of selected wavelengths, is used.
  • the selection algorithms implemented m the SESAME software, commercialised by Bran+Luebbe GmbH, can be used for this purpose.
  • the chemomet ⁇ c model used is multiple linear regression (MLR) and/or partial least squares regression (PLSR) and/or principal components regression or cluster analysis.
  • MLR multiple linear regression
  • PLSR partial least squares regression
  • principal components regression or cluster analysis are for example provided with the SESAME software, commercialised by Bran+Luebbe GmbH, and described m the corresponding manual .
  • the determination of the calibration factors comprises a cross validation of calibration samples and/or wavelengths.
  • the best calibration samples will be selected by subsequent removal of calibration data of a few defined calibration samples and verification of the corresponding calibration results.
  • This can be carried out by using the corresponding functions of the SESAME software, commercialised by Bran+Luebbe GmbH.
  • the calculations and/or the selections are performed at by a software, comprising operations controlling a spectrometer used m the process, wherein calibration data are saved on a computer, possibly via downloading from a data network connected to said computer.
  • any suitable combination of standard computers like a personal computer and software products like the SESAME software, commercialised by Bran+Luebbe GmbH and possibly internet software tools can be used.
  • calibration data then have to be recorded and calculated only once for several experiments or recording of them may be completely omitted by simply downloading them, e.g. from a data-network link to the manufacturer of the spectrometer used m the process of the present invention, especially via Internet.
  • Common suitable data transfer techniques may be used for this purpose.
  • the samples are liquefied via melting, especially by heating n a microwave and/or chemical reactions and/or enzymatic reactions.
  • a microwave and/or chemical reactions and/or enzymatic reactions Especially fat tissue samples, available in solid and measurable in liquid state will be treated this way.
  • Any suitable enzyme for degradation of biological samples like lipases, proteases may be employed m this process.
  • the sample is an extraction from an initial sample with organic solvents.
  • This extraction from an initial sample with organic solvents enables analysis of various initial samples and decreases the content of moisture and corresponding near-mfrared signals m the samples to be measured. Also water samples can be analysed with this process. Any kind of suitable extraction like Soxhlet or shaking an aqueous liquid with organic solvent can be employed for this purpose.
  • mixtures of 0, 140, 280, 1400 and 2800 ppb PCB per 100 gram blank, that means PCB-free, pork fat are used as calibration samples, in particular m combination with real fat samples comprising PCB concentrations within this range.
  • a reflectance recording spectrometer is used for a process according to the present invention, which comprises at least one lead sulphide detector for sensitive signal detection and preferably at least one diffusely gold-plated reflector disposed on the bottom of a sample cup, preferably comprising an electric resistor under the bottom of a sample cup, especially m a cavity within the bottom of a sample cup, preferably m combination with a temperature sensor, preferably a Peltier element directly fitted under the sample cup and connected to a heat controller which is further connected to the resistor for temperature control.
  • the Bran + Luebbe InfraAlyzer 500 can be used as such kind of spectrometer. This device enables, e.g. to maintain the liquid state of a melted fat sample and/or good temperature control.
  • An advantageous application of a process and/or spectrometer according to the present invention is detecting PCB m fat on a level between 200 and 1000 ppb per lOOg fat, e.g. for surveillance of food quality in accordance with proposed or prescribed limits for PCB contaminatio .
  • Another advantageous application of a process and/or spectrometer is detecting halogenated organic compounds m biological samples like food stuffs or in liquefied polymers, petrol or other organic liquids like gasoline and nafta based products, the combustion of which generates extremely toxic substances when halogenated organic compounds are present, or in water like fresh water supplies.
  • a further advantageous application of a process and/or spectrometer is detecting dioxin indirectly since PCB measurements provide an indirect measure for dioxin as described above.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section through a sample bearing connected to a temperature controller, all used in a spectrometer according to the present invention.
  • the sample bearing m Figure 1 comprises a sample cup 1 namely a Bran+Luebbe Transflectance Cup (type Dutch cup) , which has a diffusely gold plated reflector 2 as a bottom and a path length of 0.2 mm + 0.01mm. A hole is drilled under the reflector 2, until just 1 mm under the gold plated surface and a PT100 resistor 5 (type DM503) with a positive temperature coefficient of 100 ⁇ at 20°C is mounted m this drilled hole and fixed with a specific temperature paste: heat sink compound (type 340 Dow Corning) .
  • a sample cup 1 namely a Bran+Luebbe Transflectance Cup (type Dutch cup)
  • a diffusely gold plated reflector 2 as a bottom and a path length of 0.2 mm + 0.01mm.
  • a hole is drilled under the reflector 2, until just 1 mm under the gold plated surface and a PT100 resistor 5 (type DM503) with a positive temperature coefficient of 100 ⁇ at 20
  • the resistor is connected to a temperature controller 6 with cables 7 (type: 17-8811-46342300, from Bartec) , outside the cup, which is then further connected with cables 7 to a Peltier element 3 (Thermoelectric Module type DT6-6LS, from Marlow Industries) , glued under the sample cup 1.
  • the temperature controller 6 is connected to a outside power supply (type EA-3003 S-Current, 2.5 A, not shown) .
  • the sample cup 1 is covered with a quartz window 3 covering the sample space 4 and the sample cup 1 is placed m the Solid Drawer of a Bran+Luebbe InfraAlyzer 500 spectrometer (not shown), during the complete measurement. Only the quartz window is opened to apply the sample.
  • the NIR Analyser used for this experiment is a Bran+Luebbe InfraAlyzer 500 ⁇ , equipped with the Standard Solid Drawer.
  • the wavelength range is 1100 to 2500 nm, selected with a holographic grating.
  • the selected step size was 2 nm for this experiment to give 701 steps for each spectrum.
  • the used detectors are a pair of lead sulphide detectors and a diffusely gold-plated integrating sphere is used to collect the reflected light by the sample.
  • the temperature can be adjusted by the temperature controller and has been fixed at 50°C +/- 1°C, the optimal temperature for fat measurement, so that fats were m a liquid phase, without crystallisation, at this temperature .
  • a selection of 8 pork fat samples is used, the concentrations of which, between 70 and 2695 ppb PCB per 100 g sample, have been determined by gas chromatography detection.
  • the samples were heated in a microwave for 4 minutes, and the fat substance coming out of the pork tissue, is collected, approximately 5 ml .
  • a sample without PCB (bianco) and a PCB standard sample of 20.000 microgram per ml in iso-octane solution, is then used for making a concentration gradient of five samples, with different PCB concentrations.
  • the standard has first been diluted to a solution of 1 picogram m hexane, and used to spike the bianco sample.
  • the pork tissue samples have been heated m a dish, one after the other m a common household microwave until melted, for 4 minutes.
  • the collected fat m the dish has been used for the measurement.
  • these samples were also heated m the microwave.
  • a second heating in the microwave took place.
  • the collected melt fat was poured into a small lab beaker. This microwave heating was also applied to be sure that less water is remained in the samples.
  • the melted samples were applied on the gold reflector of the sample cup 5, by a pipette.
  • the samples have been carefully sucked in a pipette, avoiding solid particles and air bubbles. Approximately 4 drops were sufficient to apply a layer of 0.2 mm on the reflector.
  • the cup is then closed with the Quartz window. Some time is needed to be sure that the sample has reached the temperature of 50 °C in the cup. An additional time period of 30 sec. is used to be sure the temperature is not varying. Then the measurement (scanning) is started. After the measurement the cup is opened and cleaned with a paper tissue.
  • spiked samples have been measured in duple. Then the other real samples have been measured also in duple. All these samples were measured in random order like shown in table 1, to avoid false correlations with temperature, etc.. After this measurement cycle some samples, spiked and not spiked samples, have been measured a third time, to be sure no other changes during this experiment took place.
  • the invention may also be used for analysing solid samples.
  • ppb PCB in fat level of PCB per 100 gram fat
  • Example 1 cluster analysis
  • SESAME software version 3.1 commercialised by Bran+Luebbe GmbH was used in this example.
  • a conversion from reflectance data to first derivative data has been applied and the as qualitative analysis approach of cluster analysis was used as calibration calculation.
  • Two of the spectra were determined to have excessive deviations and were deselected by the software from the set of calibration data.
  • the selected calibration spectra were divided into two classes, one of which for 22 spectra from samples with more than 200 ppb PCB per lOOg fat and another one for 8 spectra from samples with more than 200 ppb PCB per lOOg fat.
  • the algorithm of the software which is based on a principal component analysis (vectorial) calibration factors have been calculated which describe the properties of the two classes of spectral data. From these calibration factors the so called scores factor 2 generated by the software has been selected.
  • Figure 2 shows a plot of the scores factor 2 against itself for better visualization, resulting in the representation of each of the selected calibration spectra factors as circles in this plot.
  • Two clusters of scores factor 2 values were clearly distinguishable observable as two clusters of overlapping circles in figure 2.
  • the cluster in the upper right area of the plot corresponds to spectra from samples below 200 ppb PCB per lOOg fat and the other cluster extending to the left edge of the plot corresponds to spectra from samples over 200 ppb PCB per lOOg fat. This indicates that the differences between the samples are obvious.
  • reconstructions of the initial spectra were calculated from the corresponding concentration values, the deviation of which is represented by residual values. The data are given in table 2.
  • Test set 0 series, 0 spectra 1 '
  • T student's t test carried out for each spectrum representing the residual error, i.e. how closely the reference value matches the predicted value.
  • S spectral reconstruction error, which is obtained by trying to recalculate the original spectrum from the selected factors. (A spectrum is suspected to be an S outlier if the
  • PCB Property range 0 to 2800 (*) wavelength range 1100..2500nm, 701, 2 nm steps Transformation: Absorbance
  • T student's t test carried out for each spectrum representing the residual error, i.e. how closely the reference value matches the predicted value.
  • the present invention enables to predict the PCB content in pork fat samples via NIR measurement and can also be used to screen pork fat samples for the PCB level e.g. if they contain above 200 ppb or less than 200 ppb PCB per 100 gram fat in a few seconds, which is a major improvement compared to prior art and to gas chromatography analysis.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de déterminer des composés organiques halogénés, notamment des biphényles polychlorés (PCB) dans au moins des échantillons partiellement hydrophobes du type graisse, par photométrie. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que des modèles d'étalonnage, calculés à partir de données spectrales, au niveau de plusieurs longueurs d'onde situées dans la plage de longueurs d'onde proches de l'infrarouge, et à partir d'échantillons d'étalonnage à différentes concentrations de composé à déterminer, sont utilisés pour déterminer ledit composé dans un échantillon, par calcul des caractéristiques de concentration à partir de leurs données spectrales au niveau desdites longueurs d'onde à l'aide de facteurs d'étalonnage.
PCT/EP2000/009476 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge WO2001023868A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00971294A EP1232386A1 (fr) 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge
JP2001527205A JP2003510601A (ja) 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Ｎｉｒでの豚肉脂肪中のｐｃｂの測定

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP9907174 1999-09-28
EPPCT/EP99/07174 1999-09-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001023868A1 true WO2001023868A1 (fr) 2001-04-05

Family

ID=8167450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2000/009476 WO2001023868A1 (fr) 1999-09-28 2000-09-28 Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2003510601A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001023868A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8530844B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2013-09-10 Sfk Technology A/S Recording of position-specific wavelength absorption spectra

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5233549B2 (ja) 2008-09-22 2013-07-10 住友電気工業株式会社 食品品質検査装置、食品成分検査装置、異物成分検査装置、食味検査装置および変移状態検査装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0614079A2 (fr) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-07 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Procédé pour la surveillance directe des concentrations de microbiocides dans des systèmes aqueux
WO1996011399A1 (fr) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-18 Bp Chemicals Limited Determination de proprietes
EP0757243A1 (fr) * 1995-07-31 1997-02-05 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Spectrométrie de corrélation des liquides
US5830132A (en) * 1993-08-24 1998-11-03 Robinson; Mark R. Robust accurate non-invasive analyte monitor
WO1999009395A1 (fr) * 1997-08-14 1999-02-25 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Procede et dispositif pour produire des jeux de base s'utilisant en analyse spectrometrique
WO1999024815A1 (fr) * 1997-11-12 1999-05-20 Kvaerner Canada Inc. Determination de la concentration d'especes anioniques par spectroscopie infrarouge proche

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0614079A2 (fr) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-07 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Procédé pour la surveillance directe des concentrations de microbiocides dans des systèmes aqueux
US5830132A (en) * 1993-08-24 1998-11-03 Robinson; Mark R. Robust accurate non-invasive analyte monitor
WO1996011399A1 (fr) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-18 Bp Chemicals Limited Determination de proprietes
EP0757243A1 (fr) * 1995-07-31 1997-02-05 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Spectrométrie de corrélation des liquides
WO1999009395A1 (fr) * 1997-08-14 1999-02-25 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Procede et dispositif pour produire des jeux de base s'utilisant en analyse spectrometrique
WO1999024815A1 (fr) * 1997-11-12 1999-05-20 Kvaerner Canada Inc. Determination de la concentration d'especes anioniques par spectroscopie infrarouge proche

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8530844B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2013-09-10 Sfk Technology A/S Recording of position-specific wavelength absorption spectra

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2003510601A (ja) 2003-03-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Moros et al. Vibrational spectroscopy provides a green tool for multi-component analysis
EP2976620B1 (fr) Système pour investigations par spectroscopie par claquage induit par éclairs laser (libs) et spectroscopie d'absorption infrarouge (ir) combinées, et méthode l'utilisant
EP0552300B1 (fr) Mesure et correction de donnees spectrales
Quelal-Vásconez et al. Fast detection of cocoa shell in cocoa powders by near infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
Baeten et al. Spectroscopy: Developments in instrumentation and analysis
Henn et al. Evaluation of benchtop versus portable near-infrared spectroscopic method combined with multivariate approaches for the fast and simultaneous quantitative analysis of main sugars in syrup formulations
Wehling Infrared spectroscopy
Nenadis et al. Perspective of vibrational spectroscopy analytical methods in on‐field/official control of olives and virgin olive oil
Paz et al. Evaluating NIR instruments for quantitative and qualitative assessment of intact apple quality
Bendini et al. In‐process monitoring in industrial olive mill by means of FT‐NIR
Cassanelli et al. Partial least squares estimation of crop moisture and density by near-infrared spectroscopy
Basri et al. FT-NIR, MicroNIR and LED-MicroNIR for detection of adulteration in palm oil via PLS and LDA
de Oliveira et al. Authentication of organic sugars by NIR spectroscopy and partial least squares with discriminant analysis
JP6213759B2 (ja) 分析装置
Willenberg et al. A new statistical approach to describe the quality of extra virgin olive oils using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and traditional analytical parameters
Lestander et al. Selection of near infrared wavelengths using genetic algorithms for the determination of seed moisture content
Mirghani et al. FTIR spectroscopic determination of soap in refined vegetable oils
WO2001023868A1 (fr) Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge
Baeten et al. Near infrared spectroscopy for food and feed: a mature technique
Tewari et al. In situ laboratory analysis of sucrose in sugarcane bagasse using attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and chemometrics
EP1232386A1 (fr) Mesure des biphenyles polychlores dans la graisse de porc par spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge
Yang et al. Raman instruments for food quality evaluation
US20220196476A1 (en) Method for configuring a spectrometry device
Nonthawong et al. Evaluation of near infrared hyperspectral imaging for detection of tuna powder contaminated with shrimp powder
Ortiz-Romero et al. Comparing the potential of IR-spectroscopic techniques to gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry for classifying virgin olive oil categories

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2000971294

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 2001 527205

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2000971294

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 2000971294

Country of ref document: EP