WO2001018201A1 - Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles de plantes et leurs constituants - Google Patents

Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles de plantes et leurs constituants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001018201A1
WO2001018201A1 PCT/US1999/020562 US9920562W WO0118201A1 WO 2001018201 A1 WO2001018201 A1 WO 2001018201A1 US 9920562 W US9920562 W US 9920562W WO 0118201 A1 WO0118201 A1 WO 0118201A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pesticide
carrier
terpineol
eugenol
effective amount
Prior art date
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PCT/US1999/020562
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English (en)
Inventor
Steven M. Bessette
Myron A. Beigler
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Ecosmart Technologies, Inc.
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Publication date
Application filed by Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Ecosmart Technologies, Inc.
Priority to PCT/US1999/020562 priority Critical patent/WO2001018201A1/fr
Priority to AU59126/99A priority patent/AU5912699A/en
Publication of WO2001018201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001018201A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N31/16—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system with two or more oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to pesticidal activity and more particularly, to the effect on octopamine receptors in cockroaches and other invertebrates by plant essential oils and their constituents.
  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling pests and more particularly to a method of preparing and applying a pesticide which affects octopamine receptor sites in invertebrates.
  • Many chemicals and mixtures have been studied for pesticidal activity for many years with a goal of obtaining a product which is selective for invertebrates such as insects, arachnids and larvae thereof and has little or no toxicity to vertebrates such as mammals, fish, fowl and other species and does not otherwise persist in, and damage, the environment.
  • Most products of which the applicants are aware and which have sufficient pesticidal activity to be of commercial significance also have toxic or deleterious effects on mammals, fish, fowl or other species which are not the target of the product.
  • organophosphorus compounds and carbamates inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase in insects as well as in all classes of animals.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,118,506 to Eichofer discloses pine oil for use against fire ants.
  • the pine oil is disclosed to be composed of thirty-eight (38) components and alpha-pinene is considered to be as effective as the unrefined pine oil.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,933,371 Hink et al control fleas and ticks with linalool, D-limonene and ⁇ -terpineol. Mixtures of these ingredients were not disclosed.
  • Chlordimeform and related formamidines are known to act on octopamine receptors of insects but have been removed from the market because of cardiotoxic potential in vertebrates and carcinogenicity in animals and a varied effect on different insects. Also, very high doses are required to be toxic for certain insect species.
  • amidine compounds affect the octopamine sensitive adenylate cyclase present in insects [Nathanson et al, Mol. Pharmacol 20:68-75 (1981) and Nathanson, Mol. Pharmacol 28:254-268 (1985)].
  • Another study was conducted on octopamine uptake and metabolism in the insect nervous system [Wierenga et al, J Neurochem 54. 479-489 (1990)]. These studies were directed at nitrogen containing compounds which mimic the octopamine structure and do not include compounds consisting of only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
  • Insecticides such as trioxabicyclooctanes, dithianes, silatranes, lindane, toxaphen, cyclodienes and picrotoxin act on the GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) receptor.
  • GABA gamma amino butyric acid
  • a pesticide for cockroaches comprising an effective amount of methyl salicylate mixed with a carrier; an effective amount of pulegone mixed with a carrier; an effective amount of carvacrol mixed with a carrier; and an effective amount of thyme oil mixed with a carrier.
  • a pesticide for cockroaches comprising a carrier and a blended mixture of components.
  • the blended mixture is present in an effective amount.
  • One blended mixture is thymol, t-anethole, ⁇ -terpineol, eugenol and citronellal.
  • Another blended mixture is eugenol, ⁇ -terpineol and cinnamic alcohol.
  • Still another blended mixture is benzyl alcohol, phenethyl propionate, phenethyl alcohol and ⁇ -terpineol.
  • a pesticide for insects and larvae having octopamine receptor sites having a carrier and an effective amount of an affector agent.
  • the affector agent is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
  • the affector agent is generally regarded as safe and is an antagonist to the octopamine receptor site.
  • a pesticide for insects and larvae having octopamine receptor sites having a carrier and an effective amount of an affector agent.
  • the affector agent is composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
  • the affector agent is generally regarded as safe and is an agonist to the octopamine receptor site.
  • a pesticide for larvae having a carrier and a blended mixture of thymol, t-anethole, ⁇ -terpineol, eugenol and citronellal.
  • the larvae are Asian armyworms and green peach aphid nymphs.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph of the dose of the insecticide vs. octopamine binding.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of mortality of plant essential oils vs. dose.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of mortality of three blend vs. time after topical application.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph of mortality of plant essential oils vs. dose.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of the LD 50 values of various plant essential oils vs. larvae.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph of the feeding deterrence of carvacrol vs. larvae.
  • the prior art has not attempted to develop a blend of active components which complement each other and exhibit synergistic properties.
  • the present invention addresses this aspect of pesticides as one of its objectives.
  • the present invention also is directed to the naturally occurring plant substances such as essential oils and/or their constituents which are antagonists or agonists of octopamine receptor sites which are found in invertebrates. All of these naturally occurring pesticides have been used in food products and are generally regarded as safe (GRAS).
  • the present invention is directed primarily to a pesticide for the cockroach because this is a problematic insect which is found worldwide and is a most commonly used experimental insect to demonstrate effectiveness of an insecticide. Also the present invention is directed toward larvae because of their significance in agriculture and the need for a pesticide which is safe to disperse and has no toxic residue for food products.
  • OA unlabeled octopamine
  • test chemicals are plant essential oils, d-limonene has no oxygenated functional group and evidences no activity against octopamine receptor sites.
  • OAR octopamine receptor sites
  • Class II OAR agonists: carvacrol and ⁇ -phellandrene.
  • Class III non-OAR specific toxicants: eucalyptol, piperonal, R-limonene and d-limonene; ethyl vanillin, guaiacol, thyme oil, thyme red and thyme; white thyme oil and thymol.
  • Test chemicals 500 ⁇ g/roach
  • Ten roaches per dose were used.
  • test chemicals were injected through the end of the abdominal segment, except pulegone (50 ⁇ g) which induced 20% mortality 48 hr. after treatment.
  • the 3-blend material is a 1 : 1 : 1 mixture, by weight, of eugenol, ⁇ -terpineol and cinnamic alcohol.
  • the 5-blend material is a mixture, by weight, of 40% thymol, 25% t-anethole, 15% ⁇ - terpineol, 10% eugenol and 10% citronellal.
  • the 3-blend acts synergistically on the heart of the cockroach to increase the heart beat to kill the insect. This is evidenced by the hyperactivity of the exposed cockroaches. Based on the decreased heart beat produced by ⁇ -terpineol and eugenol and the relatively unchanged heart beat after exposure to cinnamic alcohol, the increased heart beat of the 3-blend is unexpected.
  • FIG. 3 shows that approximately 30% of the cockroaches had died within 24 hours of exposure and approximately 80% of the cockroaches had died within 72 hours.
  • a "4-blend” mixture was prepared which, by weight, is benzyl alcohol 25%, phenethyl alcohol 25%, phenethyl propionate 25%, and ⁇ -terpineol 25%.
  • the results of the "cross walk” jar tests are in Table 8 in which the "4-blend” was dispersed as an aerosol and a dust in the jar.
  • carrier means a material, which may be inorganic or organic and of synthetic or natural origin, with which the active compound is mixed or formulated to facilitate its application to the plant, seed, soil or other object to be treated, or its storage, transport and/or handling.
  • any materials that may be customarily employed as a carrier in pesticidal, herbicidal, or fungicidal formulations, are suitable for use with the present invention.
  • inventive pesticidal compositions of the present invention may be employed alone or in the form of mixtures with such solid and/or liquid dispersible carrier vehicles and/or other known compatible active agents, especially plant protection agents, such as other pesticides, or acaricides, nematocides, fungicides, bactericides, rodenticides, herbicides, fertilizers, growth-regulating agents, etc., if desired, or in the form of particular dosage preparations for specific application made therefrom, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, pastes, and granules which are thus ready for use.
  • the pesticidal compositions of the present invention can be formulated or mixed with, if desired, conventional inert (i.e.
  • pesticide diluents or extenders of the type usable in conventional pesticide formulations or compositions, e.g. conventional pesticide dispersible carrier vehicles such as gases, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, emulsifiable concentrates, spray powders, pastes, soluble powders, dusting agents, granules, foams, pastes, tablets, aerosols, natural and synthetic materials impregnated with active compounds, microcapsules, coating compositions for use on seeds, and formulations used with burning equipment, such as fumigating cartridges, fumigating cans and fumigating coils, as well as ULV cold mist and warm mist formulations, etc.
  • conventional pesticide dispersible carrier vehicles such as gases, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, emulsifiable concentrates, spray powders, pastes, soluble powders, dusting agents, granules, foams, pastes, tablets, aerosols, natural and synthetic materials impregnated with active compounds, microcapsules,
  • Formulations containing the pesticidal compositions of the present invention may be prepared in any known manner, for instance by extending the pesticidal compositions with conventional pesticide dispersible liquid diluent carriers and/or dispersible solid carriers optionally with the use of carrier vehicle assistants, e.g. conventional pesticide surface-active agents, including emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents, whereby, for example, in the case where water is used as diluent, organic solvents may be added as auxiliary solvents.
  • carrier vehicle assistants e.g. conventional pesticide surface-active agents, including emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents, whereby, for example, in the case where water is used as diluent, organic solvents may be added as auxiliary solvents.
  • Suitable liquid diluents or carriers include water, petroleum distillates, or other liquid carriers with or without surface active agents.
  • dispersing and emulsifying agents and the amount employed is dictated by the nature of the composition and the ability of the agent to facilitate the dispersion of the pesticidal compositions of the present invention. Generally, it is desirable to use as little of the agent as is possible, consistent with the desired dispersion of the pesticidal compositions of the present invention in the spray so that rain does not re-emulsify the pesticidal compositions of the present invention after it is applied to the plant and wash it off the plant.
  • Non-ionic, anionic, amphoteric, or cationic dispersing and emulsifying agents may be employed, for example, the condensation products of alkaline oxides with phenol and organic acids, alkyl aryl sulfonates, complex ether alcohols, quaternary ammonium compounds, and the like.
  • Liquid concentrates may be prepared by dissolving a composition of the present invention with a non-phytotoxic solvent and dispersing the pesticidal compositions of the present inventions in water with the acid of suitable surface active emulsifying and dispersing agents.
  • Examples of conventional carrier vehicles for this purpose include, but are not limited to, aerosol propellants which are gaseous at normal temperatures and pressures, such as Freon; inert dispersible liquid diluent carriers, including inert organic solvents, such as aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, alkyl naphthalenes, etc., halogenated especially chlorinated, aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. chloro-benzenes, etc., cycloalkanes, e.g. cyclohexane, etc., paraffins, e.g. petroleum or mineral oil fractions, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, e.g.
  • aerosol propellants which are gaseous at normal temperatures and pressures, such as Freon
  • inert dispersible liquid diluent carriers including inert organic solvents, such as aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene, tolu
  • methylene chloride chloroethylenes, etc.
  • alcohols e.g. methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, glycol, etc.
  • ethers and esters thereof e.g. glycol monomethyl ether, etc.
  • amines e.g. ethanolamine, etc.
  • amides e.g. dimethyl formamide etc.
  • sulfoxides e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.
  • acetonitrile ketones
  • acetone methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc., and/or water; as well as inert dispersible finely divided solid carriers such as ground natural minerals, e.g. kaolins, clays, vermiculite, alumina, silica, chalk, i.e. calcium carbonate, talc, attapulgite, montmorillonite, kieselguhr, etc., and ground synthetic minerals, e.g. highly dispersed silicic acid, silicates, e.g. alkali silicates, etc.
  • ground natural minerals e.g. kaolins, clays, vermiculite, alumina, silica, chalk, i.e. calcium carbonate, talc, attapulgite, montmorillonite, kieselguhr, etc.
  • ground synthetic minerals e.g. highly dispersed silicic acid, silicates, e.g.
  • Surface-active agents i.e., conventional carrier vehicle assistants
  • emulsifying agents such as non-ionic and/or anionic emulsifying agents, e.g. polyethylene oxide esters of fatty acids, polyethylene oxide ethers of fatty alcohols, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, aryl sulfonates, albumin hydrolyzates, etc. and especially alkyl arylpolyglycol ethers, magnesium stearate, sodium oleate, etc., and/or dispersing agents such as lignin, sulfite waste liquors, methyl cellulose, etc.
  • emulsifying agents such as non-ionic and/or anionic emulsifying agents, e.g. polyethylene oxide esters of fatty acids, polyethylene oxide ethers of fatty alcohols, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, aryl sulfonates, albumin hydroly
  • the active ingredient is dispersed in and on an appropriately divided carrier.
  • the aforementioned dispersing agents as well as lignosulfonates can be included.
  • Dusts are admixtures of the compositions with finely divided solids such as talc, attapulgite clay, kieselguhr, pyrophyllite, chalk, diatomaceous earths, vermiculite, calcium phosphates, calcium and magnesium carbonates, sulfur, flours, and other organic and inorganic solids which act as carriers for the pesticide.
  • These finely divided solids preferably have an average particle size of less than about 50 microns.
  • a typical dust formulation useful for controlling insects contains 1 part of pesticidal composition and 99 parts of diatomaceous earth or vermiculite.
  • Granules may comprise porous or nonporous particles. The granule particles are relatively large, a diameter of about 400-2500 microns typically. The particles are either impregnated or coated with the inventive pesticidal compositions from solution.
  • Granules generally contain 0.05-15%, preferably 0.5-5%, active ingredient as the pesticidally-effective amount.
  • solid carriers or diluents such as bentonite, fullers earth, ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, and ground synthetic minerals, such as highly-dispersed silicic acid, alumina and silicates, crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and granules of organic materials such as sawdust, coconut shells, corn cobs and tobacco stalks.
  • ground natural minerals such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, vermiculite
  • ground synthetic minerals such as highly-dispersed silicic acid, alumina and silicates, crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sep
  • Adhesives such as carboxymethyl cellulose, natural and synthetic polymers, (such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate), and the like, may also be used in the formulations in the form of powders, granules or emulsifiable concentrations.
  • colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example, iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs, such as alizarin dyestuffs, azo dyestuffs or metal phthalocyanine dyestuffs, and trace elements, such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc may be used.
  • inorganic pigments for example, iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue
  • organic dyestuffs such as alizarin dyestuffs, azo dyestuffs or metal phthalocyanine dyestuffs
  • trace elements such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc
  • volatile organic compounds suitable as the fragrance ingredient for use in formulations for household or pet applications include, but are not limited to, amyl salicylate, citronellal, citronelloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamen aldehyde, citronellyl isobutyrate, coumarin, cyclohexyl acetate, cyclohexyl butyrate, diethyl malonate, ethyl 2-acetyl-5-ketohexanoate, isobornyl acetate, linalool, phenethyl alcohol, undecanol, alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde, 2- methylhexanol, hexalon, phenylacetaldehyde, cis-3-hexen-l-ol, cyclamal, veronol, eugenol,
  • the present invention encompasses carrier composition mixtures in which the pesticidal compositions are present in an amount substantially between about 0.01-95% by weight, and preferably 0.5-90% by weight, of the mixture, whereas carrier composition mixtures suitable for direct application or field application generally contemplate those in which the active compound is present in an amount substantially between about 0.0001 - 10%, preferably 0.01 - 1 %, by weight of the mixture.
  • the present invention contemplates over-all formulations that comprise mixtures of a conventional dispersible carrier vehicle such as (1) a dispersible inert finely divided carrier solid, and/or (2) a dispersible carrier liquid such as an inert organic solvent and/or water, preferably including a surface-active effective amount of a carrier vehicle assistant, e.g. a surface-active agent, such as an emulsifying agent and/or a dispersing agent, and an amount of the active compound which is effective for the purpose in question and which is generally between about 0.0001-95%, and preferably 0.01-95%, by weight of the mixture.
  • a conventional dispersible carrier vehicle such as (1) a dispersible inert finely divided carrier solid, and/or (2) a dispersible carrier liquid such as an inert organic solvent and/or water, preferably including a surface-active effective amount of a carrier vehicle assistant, e.g. a surface-active agent, such as an emulsifying agent and/or a dispersing agent, and
  • the pesticidal compositions can also be used in accordance with so-called ultra-low- volume process, i.e. by applying such compounds or by applying a liquid composition containing the same, via very effective atomizing equipment, in finely divided form, e.g. average particle diameter of from 50-100 microns, or even less, i.e. mist form, for example by airplane crop spraying techniques. Only up to at most about a few liters/hectare are needed. In this process it is possible to use highly concentrated liquid compositions with said liquid carrier vehicles containing from about 20 to 95% by weight of the pesticidal compositions or even the 100% active substances alone, e.g. about 20-100% by weight of the pesticidal compositions.
  • the mixture of active materials may be applied, without limitation, in sufficient amounts so as to provide about 0.2 to 2 and preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 pounds of active materials per acre.
  • the required amount of the pesticidal composition contemplated herein may be applied per acre treated in from 1 to 200 gallons or more of liquid carrier and/or diluent or in from about 5 to 500 pounds of inert solid carrier and or diluent.
  • the concentration in the liquid concentrate will usually vary from about 10 to 95% by weight and in the solid formulations from about 05. to 90% by weight. Satisfactory sprays, dusts, or granules for general use contain from about 1/4 to 15 pounds of active synergistic and residual compositions per acre.
  • FIG. 4 Additional "cross walk" data for several purified naturally occurring plant materials are given in FIG. 4.
  • the acetone solution of the test material was placed in the jar and the roach inserted into the jar after the acetone had evaporated.
  • Table 10 provides "cross walk” data for additional purified naturally occurring materials. Mortality was measured 24 hours after exposure. Table 10 Toxicity of purified naturally occurring compounds to cockroaches in "cross walk”.
  • Table 11 Synergistic effect of naturally occurring plant materials on American cockroach. Ten cockroaches were used for each cross-walk treatment.
  • a concentration of 100 mg/jar was used for each individual alone.
  • 20 mg/jar for each chemical was used.
  • 20 mg/jar for the naturally occurring plant material was used.
  • Pyrethrins was used at 2 mg/jar.
  • the concentration of each component was significantly reduced as compared to the concentrations of the non-blended materials. It was noted above that the mortality is dependent upon concentration.
  • Eugenol demonstrated synergistic effects with the 4-blend as shown in that 1+2+3+4 gave 60% mortality at 24 hours and 100% at 48 hour, and 1+2+3+4+eugenol produced 100% mortality at 24 hours.
  • Synergistic action is not produced by every combination of plant essential oils and the blends of the present invention have been found to have this type of activity. Also, the blends of the present invention are believed to be effective by acting on the octopamine receptor sites in the cockroaches or by producing pesticidal activity through dual pathways of neural activity, such as in the case of thymol and thyme oil.
  • Phenethyl propionate has relatively low activity but can be used as a diluent for 5- blend or thymol, without appreciable loss of bioactivity. Note that at the 1:1 dilution, the concentrations of the respective components are ! of the undiluted material which is a factor in the mortality data. PEP is synergistic to thymol and 5-blend. Additional experiments were conducted at lower concentrations as shown in Table 13. Table 13 Pesticidal activity on Asian armyworms
  • the data of Tables 12-14 confirm the pesticidal activity of 5-blend and PEP over a range of dilutions. Thymol is more active at the lower dilution (1 :400) and activity decreases as dilution increases. The action is still synergized with PEP.
  • the LD 50 of oil of thyme to Asian armyworms was determined by the topical application of acetone solutions to the dorsal region of the caterpillar. In each glass dish there were 10 larvae.
  • oil of thyme is also shown to have toxicity to both the American cockroach and the Asian armyworm.
  • Benzyl alcohol is relatively inactive, eugenol is somewhat more active, and 5-blend is quite active at 1 :200 dilution. Activity is manifest not only as mortality, but as feeding deterrence/repellency. Dilutions of 5-blend with either BA or eugenol are as effective as 5-blend alone with respect to feeding deterrence, and BA + 5B mixture results in the same degree of mortality.
  • a further set of experiments was conducted using PEP as a potential diluent for 5- blend as shown in Table 17. Table 17 Pesticidal activity on green peach aphid nymphs.
  • Tables 12-14, 16 and 17 provide data for 1 :1 mixtures of the blend with the specifically identified compound.
  • the 1 : 1 mixture has been shown to be effective but the mixtures are not limited thereto and other ratios may be used.
  • These results illustrate the effectiveness of the 5-blend as an effective pesticide for not only cockroaches and Asian armyworms, but also for green peach aphid nymphs.
  • the 5-blend can be considered as a relatively broad spectrum pesticide. Phenethyl propionate shows much more specificity as a pesticide being highly effective against cockroaches, less toxic to Asian armyworms and only slightly toxic to green peach aphid nymphs.
  • the effect of concentration of the pesticide is shown in FIG. 5 where a doubling in the concentration of carvacrol produces a 3- 4 fold increase in deterrence of feeding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un pesticide destiné aux blattes et aux larves, qui se base sur des substances de plantes d'origine naturelle purifiées. Le pesticide peut être constitué de: phénéthyl propionate; méthyl salicylate; pulégone; carvacrol; thymol; huile de thym; citronellal; un mélange trois substances d'eugénol, d'α-terpinéol et d'alcool cinnamique; un mélange quatre substances de benzyl alcool, de phénéthyl alcool, de phénéthyl propionate et d'α-terpinéol; et un mélange cinq substances de thymol, de t-anéthol, d'α-terpinéol, d'eugénol et de citronellal. Le pesticide affecte le site récepteur de l'octopamine de la blatte. Le mélange cinq substances a été utilisé comme pesticide pour les vers légionnaires d'Asie et les nymphes des pucerons verts du pêcher.
PCT/US1999/020562 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles de plantes et leurs constituants WO2001018201A1 (fr)

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PCT/US1999/020562 WO2001018201A1 (fr) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles de plantes et leurs constituants
AU59126/99A AU5912699A (en) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Pesticidal activity of plant essential oils and their constituents

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1458236A2 (fr) * 2001-12-18 2004-09-22 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles vegetales et leurs constituants
WO2004082358A2 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-30 Georges Camprasse Insectifuge, insecticide universel, son procede de fabrication
EP1737478A2 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2007-01-03 Vanderbilt University Compositions et methodes de lutte contre les insectes associees au recepteur de l'octopamine
CN100398611C (zh) * 2005-12-27 2008-07-02 云南农业大学 桔小实蝇引诱剂
US8231887B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2012-07-31 Basf Corporation Pesticidal compositions
US8507013B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2013-08-13 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions for controlling insects
US8685471B2 (en) 2006-07-17 2014-04-01 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions and methods for controlling insects
US8865230B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2014-10-21 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections
US9132103B2 (en) 2009-09-24 2015-09-15 Conopco, Inc. Disinfecting agent comprising eugenol, terpineol and thymol
US9408870B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2016-08-09 Conopco, Inc. Oral care composition
US9693941B2 (en) 2011-11-03 2017-07-04 Conopco, Inc. Liquid personal wash composition
CN115633685A (zh) * 2022-09-23 2023-01-24 中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所 一种拒食组合物及其在防治蚜虫中的应用

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5344776A (en) * 1991-03-28 1994-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services DNA encoding an insect octopamine receptor
US5849317A (en) * 1992-09-04 1998-12-15 Regents Of The University Of California Methods and compositions for repelling ants, wasps, and termites with repellents

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5344776A (en) * 1991-03-28 1994-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services DNA encoding an insect octopamine receptor
US5849317A (en) * 1992-09-04 1998-12-15 Regents Of The University Of California Methods and compositions for repelling ants, wasps, and termites with repellents

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1458236A4 (fr) * 2001-12-18 2005-06-22 Ecosmart Technologies Inc Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles vegetales et leurs constituants
EP1458236A2 (fr) * 2001-12-18 2004-09-22 Ecosmart Technologies, Inc. Activite pesticide d'huiles essentielles vegetales et leurs constituants
WO2004082358A2 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-30 Georges Camprasse Insectifuge, insecticide universel, son procede de fabrication
WO2004082358A3 (fr) * 2003-03-14 2004-10-28 Georges Camprasse Insectifuge, insecticide universel, son procede de fabrication
US8507013B2 (en) 2003-04-24 2013-08-13 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions for controlling insects
EP1737478A2 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2007-01-03 Vanderbilt University Compositions et methodes de lutte contre les insectes associees au recepteur de l'octopamine
EP1737478A4 (fr) * 2004-03-19 2008-09-03 Tyratech Llc Compositions et methodes de lutte contre les insectes associees au recepteur de l'octopamine
CN100398611C (zh) * 2005-12-27 2008-07-02 云南农业大学 桔小实蝇引诱剂
US8865230B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2014-10-21 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions and methods for treating parasitic infections
US8685471B2 (en) 2006-07-17 2014-04-01 Tyratech, Inc. Compositions and methods for controlling insects
US8231887B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2012-07-31 Basf Corporation Pesticidal compositions
US8591927B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2013-11-26 Basf Corporation Pesticidal compositions
US9005644B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2015-04-14 Basf Corporation Pesticidal compositions
US9132103B2 (en) 2009-09-24 2015-09-15 Conopco, Inc. Disinfecting agent comprising eugenol, terpineol and thymol
US9408870B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2016-08-09 Conopco, Inc. Oral care composition
US9693941B2 (en) 2011-11-03 2017-07-04 Conopco, Inc. Liquid personal wash composition
CN115633685A (zh) * 2022-09-23 2023-01-24 中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所 一种拒食组合物及其在防治蚜虫中的应用
CN115633685B (zh) * 2022-09-23 2023-11-07 中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所 一种拒食组合物及其在防治蚜虫中的应用

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