WO2001003806A1 - Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid - Google Patents

Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001003806A1
WO2001003806A1 PCT/KR2000/000722 KR0000722W WO0103806A1 WO 2001003806 A1 WO2001003806 A1 WO 2001003806A1 KR 0000722 W KR0000722 W KR 0000722W WO 0103806 A1 WO0103806 A1 WO 0103806A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
compartment
chamber
contaminated
contaminated air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2000/000722
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Cheolsoo Son
Original Assignee
Cheolsoo Son
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to UA2002020976A priority Critical patent/UA72262C2/en
Application filed by Cheolsoo Son filed Critical Cheolsoo Son
Priority to BRPI0013199-7A priority patent/BR0013199B1/en
Priority to EP00941018A priority patent/EP1204451B1/en
Priority to NZ517034A priority patent/NZ517034A/en
Priority to DE60040855T priority patent/DE60040855D1/en
Priority to MXPA02000459A priority patent/MXPA02000459A/en
Priority to AU55786/00A priority patent/AU765407B2/en
Publication of WO2001003806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003806A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/16—Apparatus having rotary means, other than rotatable nozzles, for atomising the cleaning liquid
    • B01D47/18—Apparatus having rotary means, other than rotatable nozzles, for atomising the cleaning liquid with horizontally-arranged shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/02—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
    • B01D47/027—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath by directing the gas to be cleaned essentially tangential to the liquid surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and apparatus for purifying contaminated air, and more specifically to methods and apparatus for forming a liquid filter using centrifugal force that is applied to the liquid to eliminate contaminants and for absorbing, diluting, dissolving, and disassimilating harmful objects in the air using a multi-stage air purification process
  • An air pu ⁇ fying device can be used, for example, in a ventilation system or in an air treatment facility
  • a primary function of an air purifying device is to reduce the amount of contaminated materials and objects harmful to human health to a level that is healthy
  • There are generally three techniques of purifying air One is the usage of a particulate or adsorption filter
  • a filter having a fixed shape can be placed wrthin a duct or channel which transfers air Particulate or adsorption filters can be of many different shapes, sizes, and forms Materials commonly used in these filters include, among others, glass fiber, cellulose paper, cotton, polyurethane, and other synthetic materials
  • the basic operating principles of particulate or adsorption filters are to capture particles that are larger than the gaps m the filters and block them from passing through the filters, to capture the particles using an adhesive force that is created when the particles collide with the surface of the fibers, and to capture small particles by moving the particles in a direction which causes more collisions between the fibers and particles
  • a second technique uses
  • a third technique uses an electrostatic air filter
  • Such a filter can be installed within a duct or channel which transfers air
  • An electrostatic air filter first passes dirty air between ionizing wires which are at a high voltage Electrons are stripped from the particulate contaminants, leaving them positively charged Then, these ionized particles pass between collector plates that are closely spaced and oppositely charged The particles are simultaneously repelled by the positive plates and attracted to the negative plates, where they are collected
  • a filter selection can depend on, among others, the required level of cleanliness, the installation location, and cost While a particular type of filter can be used by itself, various types of filters are often combmed to increase the efficiency
  • the invention provides a simple mechanical structure and a simple air purifying process to overcome the disadvantages of p ⁇ or art air pu ⁇ fying systems
  • the maintenance and operational costs of an air purifying system of the invention are significantly lower than those of existing air purifying systems
  • the invented system can achieve a higher degree of purification efficiency m comparison with that of existing air pu ⁇ fying systems
  • the invention has the following advantages First, because the air pu ⁇ fymg system of the invention utilizes a simple mechanical structure and a simple purifying method, various costs associated with the invented system such as the manufacturing cost, maintenance cost, and operational cost are significantly lower than those of existing air purifying systems
  • the invented system is highly economical in terms of among others, maintenance and operation
  • the invented system can provide various air pu ⁇ fying capabilities using centrifugal force and can purify air in multi-stages As a result, the invented system can achieve a higher degree of purification efficiency in comparison with that of existing air purifying systems.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view along the axial direction of an exemplary air purifying device of the invention using mixed liquid.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of stage I of a multi-stage air purifying device of the invention.
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c are graphs that illustrate the efficiency of an air purifying device of the invention in comparison with that of an existing device.
  • first partition wall 41 second partition wall
  • a device of the invention includes (a) an air inlet structure for taking in contaminated air,
  • An invented device purifies air using a liquid filter which is formed when the air purifying compartment rotates.
  • An invented device further includes (a) an outer case located outside the air purifying compartment to protect the air purifying compartment that rotates at a high speed and (b) a bearing that supports and allows the air purifying compartment to rotate.
  • An invented device also includes a motor that is coupled to the air purifying compartment to enable the air pu ⁇ fying compartment to rotate around a rotational axis
  • the motor supphes motive power to rotate the air pu ⁇ fymg compartment
  • the invention further utilizes mixed liquid to purify air
  • the invention includes filling holes and discharge holes
  • the filling holes are placed at suitable locations on the outer surface of the air purifying compartment to allow treatment liquid to be poured into the air pu ⁇ fying compartment
  • the discharge holes are also placed at suitable locations on the outer surface of the air purifying compartment to allow the treatment liquid to be dispensed out of the air purifying compartment
  • projecting rings having an appropriate, fixed height are placed on an inner structure and project outwardly along a radial direction from the inner structure and that the projecting rings are placed inside the air purifying compartment
  • the invention purifies air using the following methods that utilize mixed liquid
  • the invention provides a method of forming a mixed liquid filter that abuts agamst the inner surface of an outer structure of each pu ⁇ fying stage of the air purifying compartment
  • the mixed liquid filter is formed by centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the air purifying compartment coupled to a motor
  • the invention further provides a method of taking in air An impeller which is at the air outlet structure creates a pressure difference which causes contaminated air created by a contaminant to move into a contaminated air transfer chamber, a contaminated air inlet, and a contaminated air inlet passageway to reach the air purifying compartment
  • the invention also provides a method of purifying air in which the contaminated air that was transfe ⁇ ed mto the air purifying compartment using the aforementioned method of taking in air moves into a purifying chamber through inlet holes
  • the purifying chamber is in one of the air purifying stages that form the air purifying compartment
  • the contaminated air is purified when it comes into contact with the mixed liquid filter
  • the invention further provides a method of discharging purified air
  • the pu ⁇ fied air that exits outlet holes of a pu ⁇ fying stage passes through a purified air outlet passageway, a purified air outlet, and the impeller The purified air then finally reaches the final outlet to be discharged to the outside world
  • the invention further provides a method of transferring air The air that exits the outlet holes of a purifying stage is transferred to the next purifying stage through an inner passageway and inlet holes of the next pu ⁇ fying stage
  • the invention utilizes a simple mechanical structure and a simple purifying process, it is highly economical with respect to its operational and maintenance costs, and the invention achieves a high degree of purification efficiency by utilizing muki-stage mixed liquid filters formed by centrifugal force
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view along the axial direction of an exemplary air purifying device of the invention using mixed liquid
  • Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of pu ⁇ fying stage I of the multi-stage air purifying compartment
  • contaminated air moves from the left side to the right side as indicated by the arrows
  • the structure of an air purifying device of the invention is described as follows with reference to Figures 1 and 2
  • An air purifying device of the invention shown m Figure 1 includes an air inlet structure 10 for taking in contaminated air and an air outlet structure 20 for discharging purified air
  • the air inlet structure 10 is located at one end of the device
  • the air outlet structure 20 is located at another end of the device
  • the air purifying device also includes an air pu ⁇ fying compartment 30 that includes a mixed liquid filter formed by centrifugal force
  • the air punfymg device includes an outer case 1 located outside the air punfymg compartment 30 to encase the air purifying compartment The outer case 1 protects the air purifying compartment 30 that rotates at a high speed
  • the air purifying device also includes a bearing 3 that supports and allows the air pu ⁇ fying compartment 30 to rotate A shaft 7 that comes out from a motor 5 is connected to the air purifying compartment 30 to rotate the air purifying compartment 30
  • the air mlet structure 10 includes (a) a contaminated air transfer chamber 11 that is used to transfer contaminated air, (b) a contaminated air mlet 13 that takes in the contaminated air, and (c) a contaminated air inlet passageway 15 that is used to transfer the contaminated air into the air pu ⁇ fying compartment 30
  • the contaminated air inlet passageway 15 is formed in the inner chamber of an inner structure 33 which is extended outwardly along the rotational axis of the air purifying compartment 30
  • the contaminated air mlet passage way 15 transfers the outside air mto the air punfymg compartment 30
  • the contaminated air inlet 13 is formed by piercmg through the extended portion of the inner structure 33
  • the shape of the air inlet structure 10 depends on various factors such as the size and type of contaminated air Because the extended portion of the inner structure 33, which mcludes the contaminated air inlet 13 and the contaminated air inlet passageway 15, rotates with the air pu ⁇ fymg compartment 30, it is recommended that the contaminated air transfer chamber 11 and others do not make a contact with the extended portion of the inner structure 33, the inner structure 33, or the air punfymg compartment 30 It is also recommended that the size, shape, and number of the contaminated air inlet 13 are adjusted depending on the amount of contaminated air
  • the air punfymg compartment 30, which purifies air mcludes an outer structure 31, the inner structure 33, and multiple punfymg stages 34
  • the outer structure 31 forms the outer shape of the air pu ⁇ fymg compartment 30, and mixed liquid filters are formed up against the outer structure 31
  • the inner structure 33 is inside the outer structure 31 and forms inner passageways
  • the multiple punfymg stages 34 are used to purify the contaminated air
  • a purifying stage 34 m cludes (a) a pu ⁇ fymg chamber 51 for purifying contaminated air, (b) inner passageways 49 for coupling one punfymg stage to the next, and (c) inlet holes 45 and outlet holes 47 for coupling the punfymg chamber 51 to the inner passageways 49
  • Each purifying chamber 51 is formed by a portion of the outer structure 31, a portion of the inner structure 33, and two first partition walls 39
  • the first partition walls are placed between the outer structure 31 and the inner structure 33, and divide up the air punfymg compartment mto multiple purifying chambers by sealmg off the gap between the outer structure and inner structure
  • a second partition wall 41 is placed m the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 at about the center of each punfymg stage 34 and divides up the inner chamber formed by the inner structure 33 mto multiple inner passageways 49 by sealmg off the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 at about the center of each punfymg stage
  • Each such inner passageway 49 lies adjacent to each such punfymg chamber 51
  • the inner structure 33 has the inlet holes 45 and outlet holes 47
  • the inlet holes 45 are located at one end of each punfymg stage 34
  • the outlet holes 47 are located at another end of each punfymg stage 34
  • the size and number of the inlet holes 45 and the outlet holes 47 are adjusted accordmg to the amount of contaminated air m the purifying chamber 51. It should be noted that because the air purifying compartment 30 is m the shape of a cylmder, as shown m Figures 1 and 2 which illustrate cross-sectional views of the air purifying compartment along its axial direction, the pu ⁇ fying chamber 51 and other components of the air pu ⁇ fying compartment 30 are symmetrical about the rotational axis
  • a punfymg stage 34 is described in detail with reference to Figure 2
  • Each of the first partition walls 39 extends radially from the inner structure 33 to the outer structure 31
  • the first partition walls 39 form the punfymg chambers 51 by partrtionmg the air pu ⁇ fymg compartment mto multiple punfymg stages
  • the gap between the inner structure 33 and the outer structure 31 is sealed off at each punfymg stage to provide separate punfymg stages If the air punfymg compartment 30 has only a single pu ⁇ fying stage, the first partition walls 39 will not be necessary and will be replaced by a portion of the outer structure 31
  • the second partition walls 41 form the inner passageways 49 by partrtionmg the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 mto multiple punfymg stages Each inner passageway 49 is used to transfer air from one punfymg stage to the next m a muki-stage air punfymg system If the air purifying compartment 30 has only a single purifying stage, the mner passage
  • a mixed liquid filter 53 can be formed m the purifying chamber 51 inside the outer structure 31
  • the outer structure mcludes the filling hole 35 and discharge hole 37
  • Each punfymg stage 34 has a filling hole 35 and a discharge hole 37 at their predetermined, suitable locations through the outer structure
  • each of the filling hole 35 and discharge hole 37 has a sealmg mechanism that prevents contaminated mixed liquid from leaking out during a high speed rotation while the holes can be also used to pour m any liquid without any other special mechanism It is recommended that one-way check valves are provided to prevent any reverse flow of the liquid durmg a high speed rotation
  • annular projecting rings 43 are formed by extending rmg structures along a rad ⁇ al_d ⁇ rect ⁇ on from the inner structure 33 The projecting rings 43 should have a fixed height that does not seal off the punfymg chamber 51 The projecting rings 43 form a path to brmg the contaminated air entermg through the inlet holes 45 mto a direct contact with the mixed liquid filter
  • an air purifying device of the invention is relatively simple m structure It mcludes an air inlet structure 10, an air outlet structure 20, and an air purifying compartment 30.
  • the rotation of the impeller 23 located outside the extended portion of the inner structure 33 produces a pressure difference between the air pressure in the air purifying compartment 30 and the air pressure outside. Due to the pressure difference, contaminated air enters into the contaminated air transfer chamber 11 in the air inlet structure 10 and flows through the contaminated air inlet 13. The contaminated air then flows through the contaminated air inlet passageway 15 to reach the air purifying compartment 30.
  • the contaminated air that reaches the air purifying compartment 30 passes through the inlet holes 45 to reach a purifying chamber 51 in one of the purifying stages 34 in the air purifying compartment 30 where the contaminated air is purified by coming into direct contact with the mixed liquid fiker 53.
  • This purifying method involves various processes including wrthout limitation absorption, dilution, dissolution and disassimilation depending on the characteristics and attributes of contaminated materials.
  • the major constituent of the mixed liquid is water (H 2 O).
  • Other substances including without limitation FeSO 4 , LiOH, and NaOH may be added to water depending on the composition of contaminated air.
  • Substances such as SOx, NOx, COx, and C that are the major constituents of contaminated air will be diluted by the mixed liquid, and decomposed through chemical reactions with the mixed liquid.
  • Water (H 2 O) which is the major constituent of the mixed liquid, absorbs solid materials including without limitation dust and particles that are in the contaminated air.
  • a purifying system of the invention is simple and inexpensive to operate because it uses water (H 2 O) which is readily available as the major constituent of a mixed liquid, and only a small amount of chemical is added as needed.
  • composition ratio of the constituents of a mixed liquid can be adjusted depending on the degree and condition of the contamination. This is a major factor that affects the efficiency of the air purification process
  • Types of chemicals needed in a mixed liquid and the appropriate composition ratios vary depending on the composition of contaminated air and the degree of contamination, and such information is known m the art
  • liquid preparation methods that are suitable for a particular liquid composition are well-known m the art, especially m the field of the study of harmful gas Information known m the art is not described further
  • the projecting rmgs 43 havmg a presc ⁇ bed height that does not seal off the punfymg chamber 51 are located inside the purifying chamber 51 Each of the projecting rmgs 43 projects along a radial direction
  • the projecting rmgs 43 form a direct path between the mlet holes 45 and the mixed liquid fiker 53 to guide the flow of the contaminated air so that the contaminated air entering through the inlet holes 45 is brought mto a direct contact with the mixed liquid fiker 53 that is mside the punfymg chamber 51
  • the projecting rmgs 43 that are arranged axially on the inner structure 33 form another path along the mixed liquid fiker 53 to guide the flow of the air so that the contaminated air is continuously m contact with the mixed liquid fiker 53 inside the purifying chamber 51 As a result, the contaminated air will be purified thoroughly and fully inside the punfymg chambers 51
  • the contaminated mixed liquid produced from the punfymg process of the mvention mentioned above can be discharged completely and easily after a prescribed operating time period using the discharge hole 37 New mixed liquid can be poured m usmg the filling hole 35
  • Treated air which has been processed m one of the punfymg stages as described above, is transferred mto the inner passageway 49 through the outlet holes 47, and then transferred mto the next purifying stage 34 through the inlet holes 45 of the next punfymg stage 34 for further purification
  • the contaminants m the air are eliminated, and the air is purified
  • the purified air flows out through the outlet holes 47 located m the final punfymg stage 34 of the air punfymg compartment 30 and reaches the purified air outlet passageway 27
  • the purified air m the pu ⁇ fied air outlet passageway 27 reaches the impeller 23 by passmg through the purified air outlet 25
  • the purified air then flows out to the atmosphere by passmg through the final outlet 29
  • this mvention is simple and utilizes a contaminated air inlet stage, an air punfymg stage, and a purified air outlet stage While the mvention utilizes, among others, a simple mechanical structure and a simple pu ⁇ fymg process, the invented system can provide purification efficiency that is significantly higher than that of existing systems.
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c present graphs that show purification efficiency test resuks of an invented purifying system in comparison with those of an existing system.
  • the tests were performed on automobile exhaust gas.
  • the purifying system of the invention used in this test had an air purifying compartment that included only a single purifying stage that had three projecting rings as shown in the previous figure. It included other components that are similar to those previously described.
  • the mixed liquid used in this test included NaOH, FeSO 4 • 7H 2 0, and H 2 0.
  • the invented purifying system is able to include any number of purifying stages depending on, among others, the amount of contaminated air and the constituents of contaminated air.
  • the number of purifying stages can be the same as the number of constituents of the contaminated air, where each purifying stage has different mixed liquid.
  • Other variations are also possible including a single purifying stage system as described above with respect to the tests conducted in which a single purifying stage having mixed liquid is used to treat various contamination constituents.

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for purifying contaminated air using mixed liquid are disclosed. The invention includes an air inlet structure for taking in contaminated air, an air purifying compartment connected to the air inlet structure at one end for purifying contaminated air, and an air oulet structure connected to the air purifying compartement at another end for discharging purified air to the outside. The invention uses mixed liquid in its air purifying method. The invention includes a method that uses centrifugal force to form a mixed liquid filter, a method that takes in contaminated air, a method that purifies the contaminated air, and a method that discharges purified air to the outside. The invention can achieve a high degree of economic efficiency and a high degree of purification efficiency.

Description

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING AIR USING MIXED LIQUID
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Cross-Reference to Related Applications
This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No 1999-28065, filed July 12, 1999
2. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to methods and apparatus for purifying contaminated air, and more specifically to methods and apparatus for forming a liquid filter using centrifugal force that is applied to the liquid to eliminate contaminants and for absorbing, diluting, dissolving, and disassimilating harmful objects in the air using a multi-stage air purification process
3. Related Art
An air puπfying device can be used, for example, in a ventilation system or in an air treatment facility A primary function of an air purifying device is to reduce the amount of contaminated materials and objects harmful to human health to a level that is healthy There are generally three techniques of purifying air One is the usage of a particulate or adsorption filter Such a filter having a fixed shape can be placed wrthin a duct or channel which transfers air Particulate or adsorption filters can be of many different shapes, sizes, and forms Materials commonly used in these filters include, among others, glass fiber, cellulose paper, cotton, polyurethane, and other synthetic materials The basic operating principles of particulate or adsorption filters are to capture particles that are larger than the gaps m the filters and block them from passing through the filters, to capture the particles using an adhesive force that is created when the particles collide with the surface of the fibers, and to capture small particles by moving the particles in a direction which causes more collisions between the fibers and particles A second technique uses a sprayer A sprayer can be installed to eject water wrthin a duct or channel which transfers air The basic operating principles of a sprayer is to capture the contaminants in the air using fine liquid particles and to control humidity simultaneously
Recently, high pressure pumps have been employed to eject ultra-fine liquid particles that are quickly evaporated providing cooling
A third technique uses an electrostatic air filter Such a filter can be installed within a duct or channel which transfers air An electrostatic air filter first passes dirty air between ionizing wires which are at a high voltage Electrons are stripped from the particulate contaminants, leaving them positively charged Then, these ionized particles pass between collector plates that are closely spaced and oppositely charged The particles are simultaneously repelled by the positive plates and attracted to the negative plates, where they are collected
A filter selection can depend on, among others, the required level of cleanliness, the installation location, and cost While a particular type of filter can be used by itself, various types of filters are often combmed to increase the efficiency
Existing air purification filter systems have significant disadvantages First, particulate filters need regular cleaning, maintenance, and replacement In addition, the contaminants removed by the filters and used filters become another origin of contamination Secondly, a sprayer requires constant ejection of water to eliminate contaminants in the air, resulting in excessive usage of water A sprayer further requires a device to collect the water used and a system to treat the contaminated water Thirdly, an electrostatic air filter requires a complex electronic device, and its initial installation cost is high In addition, it is debated as to whether the ions produced by electrostatic air filters are harmful to people
The invention provides a simple mechanical structure and a simple air purifying process to overcome the disadvantages of pπor art air puπfying systems The maintenance and operational costs of an air purifying system of the invention are significantly lower than those of existing air purifying systems In addition, the invented system can achieve a higher degree of purification efficiency m comparison with that of existing air puπfying systems
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention has the following advantages First, because the air puπfymg system of the invention utilizes a simple mechanical structure and a simple purifying method, various costs associated with the invented system such as the manufacturing cost, maintenance cost, and operational cost are significantly lower than those of existing air purifying systems The invented system is highly economical in terms of among others, maintenance and operation Second, the invented system can provide various air puπfying capabilities using centrifugal force and can purify air in multi-stages As a result, the invented system can achieve a higher degree of purification efficiency in comparison with that of existing air purifying systems.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view along the axial direction of an exemplary air purifying device of the invention using mixed liquid.
Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of stage I of a multi-stage air purifying device of the invention.
Figures 3a, 3b and 3c are graphs that illustrate the efficiency of an air purifying device of the invention in comparison with that of an existing device.
Description of the main parts in the drawings:
1 : outer case 5: motor
10: air inlet structure 11 : contaminated air transfer chamber
13: contaminated air inlet 15: contaminated air inlet passageway
20: air outlet structure 23: impeller
25: purified air outlet 27: purified air outlet passageway
30: air purifying compartment 31 : outer structure
33: inner structure 34: purifying stage
35: filling hole 37: discharge hole
39: first partition wall 41 : second partition wall
43: projecting rings 45: inlet holes
47: outlet holes 49: inner passageway
51 : purifying chamber 53: mixed liquid filter
DETAILED DESCRD?TION OF THE INVENTION
A device of the invention includes (a) an air inlet structure for taking in contaminated air,
(b) an air purifying compartment connected to the air inlet structure at one end for purifying contaminated air, and (c) an air outlet structure connected to the air purifying compartment at another end for discharging purified air to the outside. An invented device purifies air using a liquid filter which is formed when the air purifying compartment rotates. An invented device further includes (a) an outer case located outside the air purifying compartment to protect the air purifying compartment that rotates at a high speed and (b) a bearing that supports and allows the air purifying compartment to rotate. An invented device also includes a motor that is coupled to the air purifying compartment to enable the air puπfying compartment to rotate around a rotational axis The motor supphes motive power to rotate the air puπfymg compartment The invention further utilizes mixed liquid to purify air
It is recommended that the invention includes filling holes and discharge holes The filling holes are placed at suitable locations on the outer surface of the air purifying compartment to allow treatment liquid to be poured into the air puπfying compartment The discharge holes are also placed at suitable locations on the outer surface of the air purifying compartment to allow the treatment liquid to be dispensed out of the air purifying compartment It is also recommended that projecting rings having an appropriate, fixed height are placed on an inner structure and project outwardly along a radial direction from the inner structure and that the projecting rings are placed inside the air purifying compartment
The invention purifies air using the following methods that utilize mixed liquid The invention provides a method of forming a mixed liquid filter that abuts agamst the inner surface of an outer structure of each puπfying stage of the air purifying compartment The mixed liquid filter is formed by centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the air purifying compartment coupled to a motor
The invention further provides a method of taking in air An impeller which is at the air outlet structure creates a pressure difference which causes contaminated air created by a contaminant to move into a contaminated air transfer chamber, a contaminated air inlet, and a contaminated air inlet passageway to reach the air purifying compartment
The invention also provides a method of purifying air in which the contaminated air that was transfeπed mto the air purifying compartment using the aforementioned method of taking in air moves into a purifying chamber through inlet holes The purifying chamber is in one of the air purifying stages that form the air purifying compartment The contaminated air is purified when it comes into contact with the mixed liquid filter
The invention further provides a method of discharging purified air The puπfied air that exits outlet holes of a puπfying stage passes through a purified air outlet passageway, a purified air outlet, and the impeller The purified air then finally reaches the final outlet to be discharged to the outside world The invention further provides a method of transferring air The air that exits the outlet holes of a purifying stage is transferred to the next purifying stage through an inner passageway and inlet holes of the next puπfying stage
Because the invention utilizes a simple mechanical structure and a simple purifying process, it is highly economical with respect to its operational and maintenance costs, and the invention achieves a high degree of purification efficiency by utilizing muki-stage mixed liquid filters formed by centrifugal force
An air purifying device is described below as an example with reference to the attached figures Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view along the axial direction of an exemplary air purifying device of the invention using mixed liquid Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of puπfying stage I of the multi-stage air purifying compartment Referring to Figure 1 , contaminated air moves from the left side to the right side as indicated by the arrows The structure of an air purifying device of the invention is described as follows with reference to Figures 1 and 2
An air purifying device of the invention shown m Figure 1 includes an air inlet structure 10 for taking in contaminated air and an air outlet structure 20 for discharging purified air The air inlet structure 10 is located at one end of the device The air outlet structure 20 is located at another end of the device The air purifying device also includes an air puπfying compartment 30 that includes a mixed liquid filter formed by centrifugal force In addition, the air punfymg device includes an outer case 1 located outside the air punfymg compartment 30 to encase the air purifying compartment The outer case 1 protects the air purifying compartment 30 that rotates at a high speed The air purifying device also includes a bearing 3 that supports and allows the air puπfying compartment 30 to rotate A shaft 7 that comes out from a motor 5 is connected to the air purifying compartment 30 to rotate the air purifying compartment 30
Various other components of an air purifying device of the invention are described below Refemng to Figure 1, the air mlet structure 10 includes (a) a contaminated air transfer chamber 11 that is used to transfer contaminated air, (b) a contaminated air mlet 13 that takes in the contaminated air, and (c) a contaminated air inlet passageway 15 that is used to transfer the contaminated air into the air puπfying compartment 30 The contaminated air inlet passageway 15 is formed in the inner chamber of an inner structure 33 which is extended outwardly along the rotational axis of the air purifying compartment 30 The contaminated air mlet passage way 15 transfers the outside air mto the air punfymg compartment 30 The contaminated air inlet 13 is formed by piercmg through the extended portion of the inner structure 33
The shape of the air inlet structure 10 depends on various factors such as the size and type of contaminated air Because the extended portion of the inner structure 33, which mcludes the contaminated air inlet 13 and the contaminated air inlet passageway 15, rotates with the air puπfymg compartment 30, it is recommended that the contaminated air transfer chamber 11 and others do not make a contact with the extended portion of the inner structure 33, the inner structure 33, or the air punfymg compartment 30 It is also recommended that the size, shape, and number of the contaminated air inlet 13 are adjusted depending on the amount of contaminated air
The air punfymg compartment 30, which purifies air, mcludes an outer structure 31, the inner structure 33, and multiple punfymg stages 34 The outer structure 31 forms the outer shape of the air puπfymg compartment 30, and mixed liquid filters are formed up against the outer structure 31 The inner structure 33 is inside the outer structure 31 and forms inner passageways The multiple punfymg stages 34 are used to purify the contaminated air
One of the punfymg stages 34 indicated as punfymg stage I m Figure 1 is described more fully with reference to Figure 2 In Figure 2, a purifying stage 34 mcludes (a) a puπfymg chamber 51 for purifying contaminated air, (b) inner passageways 49 for coupling one punfymg stage to the next, and (c) inlet holes 45 and outlet holes 47 for coupling the punfymg chamber 51 to the inner passageways 49
Each purifying chamber 51 is formed by a portion of the outer structure 31, a portion of the inner structure 33, and two first partition walls 39 The first partition walls are placed between the outer structure 31 and the inner structure 33, and divide up the air punfymg compartment mto multiple purifying chambers by sealmg off the gap between the outer structure and inner structure A second partition wall 41 is placed m the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 at about the center of each punfymg stage 34 and divides up the inner chamber formed by the inner structure 33 mto multiple inner passageways 49 by sealmg off the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 at about the center of each punfymg stage Each such inner passageway 49 lies adjacent to each such punfymg chamber 51 The inner structure 33 has the inlet holes 45 and outlet holes 47 The inlet holes 45 are located at one end of each punfymg stage 34 The outlet holes 47 are located at another end of each punfymg stage 34
It is recommended that the size and number of the inlet holes 45 and the outlet holes 47 are adjusted accordmg to the amount of contaminated air m the purifying chamber 51 It should be noted that because the air purifying compartment 30 is m the shape of a cylmder, as shown m Figures 1 and 2 which illustrate cross-sectional views of the air purifying compartment along its axial direction, the puπfying chamber 51 and other components of the air puπfying compartment 30 are symmetrical about the rotational axis
A punfymg stage 34 is described in detail with reference to Figure 2 Each of the first partition walls 39 extends radially from the inner structure 33 to the outer structure 31 The first partition walls 39 form the punfymg chambers 51 by partrtionmg the air puπfymg compartment mto multiple punfymg stages The gap between the inner structure 33 and the outer structure 31 is sealed off at each punfymg stage to provide separate punfymg stages If the air punfymg compartment 30 has only a single puπfying stage, the first partition walls 39 will not be necessary and will be replaced by a portion of the outer structure 31 The second partition walls 41 form the inner passageways 49 by partrtionmg the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 mto multiple punfymg stages Each inner passageway 49 is used to transfer air from one punfymg stage to the next m a muki-stage air punfymg system If the air purifying compartment 30 has only a single purifying stage, the mner passageways 49 that connect each punfymg stage become the contaminated air inlet passageway 15 and the purified air outlet passageway 27
Additionally, a mixed liquid filter 53 can be formed m the purifying chamber 51 inside the outer structure 31 The outer structure mcludes the filling hole 35 and discharge hole 37 Each punfymg stage 34 has a filling hole 35 and a discharge hole 37 at their predetermined, suitable locations through the outer structure Generally, each of the filling hole 35 and discharge hole 37 has a sealmg mechanism that prevents contaminated mixed liquid from leaking out during a high speed rotation while the holes can be also used to pour m any liquid without any other special mechanism It is recommended that one-way check valves are provided to prevent any reverse flow of the liquid durmg a high speed rotation In addition, annular projecting rings 43 are formed by extending rmg structures along a radιal_dιrectιon from the inner structure 33 The projecting rings 43 should have a fixed height that does not seal off the punfymg chamber 51 The projecting rings 43 form a path to brmg the contaminated air entermg through the inlet holes 45 mto a direct contact with the mixed liquid filter 53 that is inside the purifying chamber 51 Based on the amount of contaminated air and the thickness of the mixed liquid filter 53, the height of the projecting rmgs 43 should be determined appropriately to provide a suitable gap between the projecting rings 43 and the mixed liquid fi er 53 so that contaminated air is purified efficiently The thickness of the mixed liquid filter 53 can be calculated based on the amount of mixed liquid The amount of mixed liquid required depends on the amount of contaminated air It is recommended that the projecting rings 43 are placed on the inner structure 33 with an appropriate amount of lateral distance between the projectmg r gs along the axial direction to sustain an intimate and contmuous contact between the contaminated air and the mixed liquid filter 53 Figures 1 and 2 show, as an example, three projecting rmgs 43 for each punfymg stage Referring back to Figure 1, the air outlet structure 20 mcludes a purified air outlet passageway 27, a purified air outlet 25, and an impeller 23, The purified air outlet passageway 27 is used to transfer the purified air commg from the air punfymg compartment 30 The puπfied air outlet 25 discharges the puπfied air The impeller 23 guides and mduces the purified air to flow out from the air purifying compartment 30 In addition, the air outlet structure 20 mcludes an outlet case 21 and a final outlet 29 The outlet case 21 protects the rotating impeller 23 The final outlet 29 expels the purified air to the outside, such purified air bemg guided by the impeller The purified air outlet passageway 27 is formed in a portion of the inner chamber of the inner structure 33 which is extended outwardly along the longitudinal axis of the air punfymg compartment 30 The purified air outlet passageway 27 connects the air punfymg compartment 30 to the outside air The purified air outlet 25 is formed by piercmg holes m the extended portion of the inner structure 33 The impeller 23 is located just outside the extended portion of the inner structure 33
It is recommended that the capacity of the impeller 23 is chosen based on factors including without limitation the amount of contaminated air and the number of the punfymg stages 34 in the air punfymg compartment 30 As described above, an air purifying device of the invention is relatively simple m structure It mcludes an air inlet structure 10, an air outlet structure 20, and an air purifying compartment 30.
An operation of an air purifying system of the invention is described below with reference to Figures 1 and 2. When the motor 5 starts to rotate, the air purifying compartment 30 that is connected to the motor 7 by means of a shaft 7 also starts to rotate. After the air purifying compartment 30 rotates for a prescribed number of rotational cycles, centrifugal force causes the mixed liquid fiker 53 to form and abut against the inner surface of the outer structure 31 of each purifying stage 34 inside the air purifying compartment 30.
At the same time, the rotation of the impeller 23 located outside the extended portion of the inner structure 33 produces a pressure difference between the air pressure in the air purifying compartment 30 and the air pressure outside. Due to the pressure difference, contaminated air enters into the contaminated air transfer chamber 11 in the air inlet structure 10 and flows through the contaminated air inlet 13. The contaminated air then flows through the contaminated air inlet passageway 15 to reach the air purifying compartment 30.
The contaminated air that reaches the air purifying compartment 30 passes through the inlet holes 45 to reach a purifying chamber 51 in one of the purifying stages 34 in the air purifying compartment 30 where the contaminated air is purified by coming into direct contact with the mixed liquid fiker 53.
This purifying method involves various processes including wrthout limitation absorption, dilution, dissolution and disassimilation depending on the characteristics and attributes of contaminated materials. The major constituent of the mixed liquid is water (H2O). Other substances including without limitation FeSO4, LiOH, and NaOH may be added to water depending on the composition of contaminated air. Substances such as SOx, NOx, COx, and C that are the major constituents of contaminated air will be diluted by the mixed liquid, and decomposed through chemical reactions with the mixed liquid. Water (H2O), which is the major constituent of the mixed liquid, absorbs solid materials including without limitation dust and particles that are in the contaminated air. A purifying system of the invention is simple and inexpensive to operate because it uses water (H2O) which is readily available as the major constituent of a mixed liquid, and only a small amount of chemical is added as needed.
The composition ratio of the constituents of a mixed liquid can be adjusted depending on the degree and condition of the contamination. This is a major factor that affects the efficiency of the air purification process Types of chemicals needed in a mixed liquid and the appropriate composition ratios vary depending on the composition of contaminated air and the degree of contamination, and such information is known m the art In addition, liquid preparation methods that are suitable for a particular liquid composition are well-known m the art, especially m the field of the study of harmful gas Information known m the art is not described further
The projecting rmgs 43 havmg a prescπbed height that does not seal off the punfymg chamber 51 are located inside the purifying chamber 51 Each of the projecting rmgs 43 projects along a radial direction The projecting rmgs 43 form a direct path between the mlet holes 45 and the mixed liquid fiker 53 to guide the flow of the contaminated air so that the contaminated air entering through the inlet holes 45 is brought mto a direct contact with the mixed liquid fiker 53 that is mside the punfymg chamber 51 The projecting rmgs 43 that are arranged axially on the inner structure 33 form another path along the mixed liquid fiker 53 to guide the flow of the air so that the contaminated air is continuously m contact with the mixed liquid fiker 53 inside the purifying chamber 51 As a result, the contaminated air will be purified thoroughly and fully inside the punfymg chambers 51
The contaminated mixed liquid produced from the punfymg process of the mvention mentioned above can be discharged completely and easily after a prescribed operating time period using the discharge hole 37 New mixed liquid can be poured m usmg the filling hole 35
Treated air, which has been processed m one of the punfymg stages as described above, is transferred mto the inner passageway 49 through the outlet holes 47, and then transferred mto the next purifying stage 34 through the inlet holes 45 of the next punfymg stage 34 for further purification Once the contaminated air has passed through a series of punfymg stages 34 and transfer stages, the contaminants m the air are eliminated, and the air is purified The purified air flows out through the outlet holes 47 located m the final punfymg stage 34 of the air punfymg compartment 30 and reaches the purified air outlet passageway 27 The purified air m the puπfied air outlet passageway 27 reaches the impeller 23 by passmg through the purified air outlet 25 The purified air then flows out to the atmosphere by passmg through the final outlet 29
As described above, this mvention is simple and utilizes a contaminated air inlet stage, an air punfymg stage, and a purified air outlet stage While the mvention utilizes, among others, a simple mechanical structure and a simple puπfymg process, the invented system can provide purification efficiency that is significantly higher than that of existing systems.
Figures 3a, 3b and 3c present graphs that show purification efficiency test resuks of an invented purifying system in comparison with those of an existing system. The tests were performed on automobile exhaust gas. The purifying system of the invention used in this test had an air purifying compartment that included only a single purifying stage that had three projecting rings as shown in the previous figure. It included other components that are similar to those previously described. The mixed liquid used in this test included NaOH, FeSO4 • 7H20, and H20. As shown in Figures 3a, 3b and 3c while the existing air purifying system reduced the level of hydrocarbon (HC) to 110 ppm and the level of carbon monoxide (CO) to 0.6%, the single stage system of the mvention reduced the level of hydrocarbon to 10 ppm and the level of carbon monoxide to 0.1%. Particularly, while the existing system reduced the amount of dust to 30%, the single stage system of the invention rapidly reduced the amount of dust to 2%. As the range of possible error is the same in each of the tests conducted, the efficiency of this invented purifying system can be fully appreciated from these results. Although an invented air purifying system having multiple purifying stages is shown and described as one example in the overall description of this invention, the invented purifying system is able to include any number of purifying stages depending on, among others, the amount of contaminated air and the constituents of contaminated air. For example, the number of purifying stages can be the same as the number of constituents of the contaminated air, where each purifying stage has different mixed liquid. In addition, to increase the efficiency of the air purification process, it is possible to use multiple purifying stages and liquids for each constrtuent of the contaminated air. Other variations are also possible including a single purifying stage system as described above with respect to the tests conducted in which a single purifying stage having mixed liquid is used to treat various contamination constituents. While the invention has been particularly described with reference to certain examples, one having ordinary skill in the art would know that there may be many other ways to implement the invention without departing from the sprit and scope of the invention. The various figures and embodiments shown are for illustration only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Many changes and modifications may be made to the invention wrthout departing from the sprit and scope of the invention.

Claims

What is claimed is 1 An apparatus compπsmg an mlet to take m contaminated air, an outlet to discharge purified air, and a rotatable compartment to purify said contaminated air usmg liquid, said rotatable compartment coupled to said inlet and said outlet
2 The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a case that protects said rotatable compartment, said case placed outside said rotatable compartment, a bearmg to allow said rotatable compartment to rotate, wherem said bearmg supports said rotatable compartment, and a motor to supply power and to enable said rotatable compartment to rotate around a rotational axis, said motor coupled to said bearmg
3 The apparatus of claim 1, wherem said rotatable compartment comprises a first structure that forms an outer shape of said rotatable compartment, said first structure having an inner surface, said inner surface to support a liquid membrane, a second structure to transfer air, said second structure placed inside said rotatable compartment, and a stage to purify air, said stage comprising a portion of said first structure and a portion of said second structure, said portion of said first structure formmg an outer shape of said stage
4 The apparatus of claim 3, wherem said stage comprises a chamber to purify air, said chamber placed between said first structure and said second structure, passageways to transfer air, said passageways placed within an inner chamber of said second structure, said passageways placed adjacent to said chamber, and a first opening and a second opening formed by piercing through said second structure, wherem said first opening couples a first one of said passageways to said chamber, wherein said second opening couples a second one of said passageways to said chamber.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said chamber is formed by a portion of said first structure, a portion of said second structure, and first partition structures; wherein said first partrtion structures extend radially from said second structure to said first structure.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said passageways are formed by having a second partition structure that is placed in said inner chamber of said second structure, wherein said second partrtion structure divides up said inner chamber of said second structure.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said first structure further comprises (a) a third opening to pour in said liquid into said chamber and (b) a fourth opening to discharge said liquid from said chamber.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said stage further comprises a third structure that extends radially from said second structure to a first fixed height without sealing off said chamber, said third structure placed inside said chamber.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said stage further comprises a fourth structure that extends radially from said second structure to a second fixed height without sealing off said chamber, said fourth structure placed on said second structure along the direction of a rotational axis at a predetermined distance from said third structure, said fourth structure placed inside said chamber, said first fixed height to provide a first gap between said third structure and said liquid membrane, said second fixed height to provide a second gap between said fourth structure and said liquid membrane.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said rotatable compartment is cylindrical and rotatable around an axis.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said liquid is water.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said liquid is a mixed liquid, said mixed liquid comprising water and a constituent selected from the group consisting of FeSO4, LiOH, and NaOH
13 The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said apparatus is mcluded m an automobile, a ventilation system, an air treatment facility, a duct, or a channel
14 A method, comprising (a) rotatmg a compartment, (b) producmg centrifugal force, (c) formmg a liquid membrane using said centrifugal force, (d) taking m contaminated air, (e) bringing said contaminated air into a contact with said liquid membrane, and (f) discharging purified air
15 The method of claim 14, further comprising starting a motor that causes said compartment to rotate, and rotatmg an impeller that produces a pressure difference between an air pressure m said compartment and an outside air pressure and that causes said contammated air to enter into said compartment
16 The method of claim 14, further comprising transferrmg said contaminated air along an axial direction of said compartment, transferrmg said contaminated air radially outward m said compartment, transferring air that is m said contact with said liquid membrane along said axial direction, transferrmg said air radially mward m said compartment, and transferrmg said air along said axial direction
17 The method of claim 14, further comprising transferrmg air from one stage to another stage m said compartment
18 The method of claim 14, wherem (c) comprises abutting said liquid membrane against an inner surface of a first structure, wherem said first structure forms an outer shape of said compartment, (d) comprises rotatmg an impeller that produces a pressure difference between an air pressure m said compartment and an outside air pressure, transfemng said contaminated air mto a first chamber, transferrmg said contaminated air through a first opening, and transferrmg said contaminated air mto a first passageway, (e) comprises transfemng said contaminated air through a second opening, transferrmg said contaminated air mto a second chamber, treatmg said contaminated air by providing a continuous contact between said contaminated air and said liquid membrane usmg second structures, wherem said second structures extend radially wrthin said second chamber, have a fixed height, and have a predetermmed spacmg between said second structures, and are arranged along an axial direction of said compartment, and transfemng treated air through a third opening, and (f) comprises transfemng said purified air mto a second passageway, and transfemng said puπfied air through a fourth opening
19 The method of claim 14, wherem said liquid membrane comprises (a) water or (b) water and a constrtuent selected from the group consistmg of FeSO4, LiOH, and NaOH
20 A method, comprising formmg an inlet to take m contaminated air, formmg an outlet to discharge purified air, and coupling a rotatable compartment to said inlet and said outlet, said compartment to purify said contaminated air
PCT/KR2000/000722 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid WO2001003806A1 (en)

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UA2002020976A UA72262C2 (en) 1999-07-12 2000-05-07 Methods (variants) and apparatus for purifying contaminated air using mixed liquid
BRPI0013199-7A BR0013199B1 (en) 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 air purification equipment using mixed liquid and air purification process using air purification equipment.
EP00941018A EP1204451B1 (en) 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid
NZ517034A NZ517034A (en) 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid
DE60040855T DE60040855D1 (en) 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING AIR WITH MIXED LIQUIDS
MXPA02000459A MXPA02000459A (en) 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid.
AU55786/00A AU765407B2 (en) 1999-07-12 2000-07-05 Methods and apparatus for purifying air using mixed liquid

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KR1999/28065 1999-07-12
KR1019990028065A KR100319016B1 (en) 1999-07-12 1999-07-12 Air purifying device and method using a mixed liquid

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US6402815B1 (en) 2002-06-11
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EP1204451A4 (en) 2004-12-29
AU5578600A (en) 2001-01-30
CA2313999C (en) 2007-06-19
GB0014373D0 (en) 2000-08-02
JP4570200B2 (en) 2010-10-27
CA2313999A1 (en) 2001-01-12
CN1360513A (en) 2002-07-24
BR0013199B1 (en) 2011-03-22
DE60040855D1 (en) 2009-01-02
CN1162201C (en) 2004-08-18
EP1204451B1 (en) 2008-11-19
UA72262C2 (en) 2005-02-15
JP2001029728A (en) 2001-02-06
RU2236284C2 (en) 2004-09-20
BR0013199A (en) 2002-05-07
GB2352410B (en) 2003-07-09
EP1204451A1 (en) 2002-05-15
MXPA02000459A (en) 2002-07-02
ATE414563T1 (en) 2008-12-15
GB2352410A (en) 2001-01-31
KR100319016B1 (en) 2002-01-16
AU765407B2 (en) 2003-09-18

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