CN112755712A

CN112755712A - High-precision gas-liquid separator

Info

Publication number: CN112755712A
Application number: CN202110085065.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘天博; 杨翠花; 孙海雷
Original assignee: Beijing Filter Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Filter Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-22
Filing date: 2021-01-22
Publication date: 2021-05-07

Abstract

A high-precision gas-liquid separator (hereinafter, separator) for removing liquid from gas with high precision by organic combination of multiple mechanisms such as collision, interception, adsorption, cyclone and coalescence. The separator mainly comprises the following parts: swirl tubes (or swirlers, swirlers), coalescing cores, drain tubes, and the like. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can greatly improve the gas-liquid separation precision, realize high-precision gas-liquid separation, and enable the gas flowing through the separator to achieve high-flow and high-precision efficient liquid removal.

Description

High-precision gas-liquid separator

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-precision gas-liquid separator (hereinafter referred to as a separator), which realizes gas-liquid separation of a gas-liquid mixture with high precision by organically combining multiple mechanisms such as collision, interception, adsorption, cyclone, coalescence and the like. The separator mainly comprises the following parts: coalescing cartridges, drain pipes, swirl pipes (or swirlers, cyclones), and the like. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can greatly improve the gas-liquid separation precision, and has moderate pressure drop and high treatment capacity efficiency.

Background

The mechanism of gas-liquid separation is many, and is widely used at present: ridge, flat, flue separators, swirl plates, baffles, and the like. The kneading is difficult because of the difference in operation, investment, cost, difficulty in operation, removal accuracy and the like.

Gas-liquid separation is an important process in industrial processes and in the discharge of industrial waste gases. In many product manufacturing operations, tiny liquid beads or dust entrained in a gas phase need to be separated so that the production can be normally and smoothly carried out. The diameter of the tiny liquid beads is very small, for example, the diameter of the tiny liquid beads generated mechanically is between 1.0 and 150 mu m, and the diameter of the tiny liquid beads generated by the cohesiveness is between 0.10 and 30 mu m.

In order to remove tiny liquid beads and entrained liquid phase in gas, gas-liquid separators are generally adopted in industrial production, and can be generally divided into a plurality of types according to application or structure, such as a shutter type separator, a gravity settling type separator and a cyclone plate separator, but the separators have low separation efficiency and are difficult to separate tiny liquid beads with smaller particle size; the silk screen type can separate common liquid drops, but the air flow velocity is small, the resistance is reduced greatly, the service cycle is short, and the equipment investment is large. Therefore, the research and production of a novel high-efficiency separator with high separation efficiency, small resistance reduction, large allowable air flow speed and strong anti-blocking function becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently in industrial production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a high-precision gas-liquid separator (hereinafter referred to as a separator), which adopts organic combination of multiple mechanisms such as collision, interception, adsorption, cyclone, coalescence and the like to remove tiny liquid beads and entrained liquid phase in gas with high precision. The separator mainly comprises the following parts: coalescing cartridges, drain tubes, swirl tubes (or swirlers, cyclones), etc. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can greatly improve the gas-liquid separation precision, realize high-efficiency gas-liquid separation, and have larger processing capacity and moderate pressure drop.

The coalescence core is used for realizing gas-liquid separation by the mechanisms of collision, interception, adsorption and coalescence.

When the gas containing liquid beads flows through the coalescing core at a certain speed, the liquid beads collide with the coalescing core and are attached to the surface of the coalescing core due to the inertial impaction effect of the liquid. The liquid beads are diffused on the surface of the coalescence core and are settled by gravity, so that the liquid beads form larger liquid drops and slide down along the coalescence core; the residual liquid beads move forward along with the air flow and enter the interior of the coalescence core, the liquid beads are in the deep filiform or granular or flaky coalescence core formed by the coalescence material, and due to the friction, collision and adsorption between the liquid beads and the coalescence material in the coalescence core and the surface tension of liquid, the liquid beads generate coalescence effect, the size of the liquid beads is larger and larger, the liquid beads move downwards under the action of gravity, finally the liquid beads slide away from the coalescence core and are separated to separate gas, and the effect of gas-liquid separation is generated; some of the liquid beads are not coalesced but also slide to the bottom of the coalescing core along the coalescing material due to collision, interception or adsorption to be separated from the gas phase, thereby generating the effect of gas-liquid separation.

The better the lyophilic performance of the coalescing material, the better the gas-liquid separation effect.

The deep structure of the coalescence core of the separator increases the probability of trapping liquid droplets, and when viewed from the path of gas flowing through the coalescence core, the liquid droplets which are not trapped by the previous section are trapped and separated by the same action of the previous section when passing through the material and structure in the coalescence core of the next section. The liquid removal efficiency is high enough as long as the density of the deep layer material in the coalescence core is high enough and the thickness of the material is large enough. However, the higher density and thickness will result in greater pressure drop loss, and the pressure drop will increase with the increase of density and the increase of material thickness in the coalescing core, resulting in greater energy loss.

After the gas-liquid mixture is separated by the coalescence core, the gas-liquid separation effect can be greatly generated.

The coalescent core has the characteristics of high liquid removal efficiency, large range of non-entrainment flow rate, good anti-blocking performance and the like.

The liquid removal accuracy is one of the most important indicators of the performance of the separator. Influenced by flow rate, coalescing core material and construction, separator layout, etc.

Pressure drop refers to the pressure difference before and after the gas passes through the separator. The greater the pressure drop, the higher the energy consumption. The magnitude of the pressure drop is not only related to the gas flow rate, the liquid load of the gas, and other factors. When the coalescence core is blocked or the gas flow rate is greatly increased, the system pressure drop can be obviously improved, the running state of the system can be effectively supported by monitoring the change of the pressure drop, the problem can be found in time, and the problem can be timely treated.

When the gas flow velocity is too high (exceeds the critical gas velocity), secondary entrainment of liquid drops is easy to generate, so that the liquid removal precision is reduced, the pressure drop is increased, and the energy consumption is increased. Too low a gas flow rate can reduce the operating efficiency of the separator, increasing the cross-sectional area of the gas flow through the coalescing core and increasing capital costs. Therefore, in order to achieve a better liquid removal effect, the gas flow rate needs to be controlled within a proper range. The invention provides that the gas flow rate is appropriate between 0.38 and 12.9 m/s.

The diameter of the dispersed droplets in the gas encountered in practice is approximately 0.1 to 5000 μm. The separation problem of particles with the particle size of more than 100 mu m is easy to solve because the sedimentation speed is high; droplets with a diameter greater than 50 μm settle easily under gravity; droplets of 5 μm or more are removed by inertial collision of the coalesced core support layer; smaller droplets (e.g., 0.1 microns) are removed by the deep granular or filamentous or sheet-like material of the coalescing core and the particular structure of the coalescing core.

The cyclone tube is used for rotating the gas-liquid fluid so as to realize gas-liquid separation due to density difference.

The operating principle of the cyclone tube is that the cyclone tube changes axial flow into cyclone function and centrifugal force generated by cyclone is used for removing liquid. The swirl tube is internally provided with blades, and airflow generates rotation and centrifugal motion when passing through the blades. The gas enters the swirl blades and can deflect at an angle beta under the guidance of the swirl plate, and the angle beta is generally 25-30 degrees. This β can resolve the axial velocity v and the tangential velocity v'. The gas is thus rotated at a tangential velocity v' while advancing axially. The coarse liquid particles in the gas directly touch the cyclone plate to be intercepted and then are slowly thrown to the wall of the cyclone tube. The small liquid drops entrained in the gas are pushed to the inner wall of the cyclone tube by the centrifugal force in the continuous rotation and advance, and are trapped. The arrangement of the cyclone pneumatic device increases the rotating times of the gas in the cylinder body at the same height, increases the passing path, and discharges large liquid drops from the lower part of the cyclone tube.

Compared with the coalescence core, the performance of the cyclone tube is the same as that of the coalescence core, and the cyclone tube has higher liquid removal efficiency and simpler structure. Swirl tubes allow a relatively high gas flow rate.

The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can complement the advantages, greatly improve the gas-liquid separation precision and realize the high-precision gas-liquid separation.

A high-precision gas-liquid separator features that a cyclone tube (or cyclone) is additionally installed before or after the coalescence core for rotating the gas-liquid fluid to separate gas from liquid by density difference. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can exert respective advantages and bring out the best in each other, so that the separator has large treatment capacity and high gas-liquid separation precision.

The cyclone tube can be behind the coalescence core, that is the gas-liquid fluid passes through the coalescence core before entering the cyclone tube. The flow rate of the gas passing through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s.

A high-precision gas-liquid separator is characterized in that gas-liquid fluid firstly passes through a cyclone tube and then enters a coalescing core. The flow rate of the gas passing through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s.

A high-precision gas-liquid separator is characterized in that a cyclone tube and a coalescing core can be directly connected in a 1-to-1 mode, or indirectly connected in a 1-to-1 mode and communicated from the inside of the separator through a transition cavity or a pipeline.

A high accuracy gas-liquid separator wherein the direction of flow of the coalescing element may be from the outside to the inside or vice versa. The coalescing core may be with or without drains. The flow rate of the gas passing through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s.

A high-precision gas-liquid separator features that its coalescing core can be a liquid-draining tube with liquid seal or valve for preventing series flow.

A high-precision gas-liquid separator features that the coalescent core without liquid discharge tube can make the gas pressure difference at the bottom of coalescent core slightly greater than the gas pressure drop at the side wall of coalescent core.

However, no matter only the coalescence core (with/without a drain pipe, outside in and out, inside in and out) is adopted, or the coalescence core is combined with the front/back of the cyclone pipe, the gas flow velocity passing through the coalescence core is proper to be 0.38-12.9 m/s. The better the lyophilic performance of the coalescing material, the better the gas-liquid separation effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high-precision gas-liquid separator (outer inlet and inner outlet)

FIG. 2 schematic of coalescing core and drain

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a swirl tube

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a high-precision gas-liquid separator (In and In)

Description of the drawings

1 Flange cover

3 skeleton

4 filter material (lyophilic deep layer filiform or granular material or sheet)

6 skeleton

10 liquid discharge pipe

The schematic diagram of the first swirling flow and the second coalescing core, the first coalescing core and the second swirling flow, and the inward-outward/outward-inward-outward are given above, and the categories of other combinations are similar and are not repeated.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to a high-precision gas-liquid separator (hereinafter referred to as a separator), which adopts organic combination of multiple mechanisms such as collision, interception, adsorption, cyclone, coalescence and the like to remove micro liquid beads and entrained liquid phase in gas with high precision. The separator mainly comprises the following parts: coalescing cartridges, drain tubes, swirl tubes (or swirlers, cyclones), etc. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can greatly improve the gas-liquid separation precision, realize the high-precision gas-liquid separation and have larger processing capacity.

The separator mainly comprises the following parts: coalescing cartridges, drain tubes, swirl tubes (or swirlers, cyclones), etc. See fig. 1, 4.

The coalescence core is used for realizing gas-liquid separation by the mechanisms of collision, interception, adsorption and coalescence. See fig. 2.

The cyclone tube is used for rotating the gas-liquid fluid so as to realize gas-liquid separation due to density difference. See fig. 3.

The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can greatly improve the gas-liquid separation precision and realize the high-precision gas-liquid separation.

The cyclone tube (or cyclone and swirler) is added at the front stage or the rear stage of the coalescence core, and the cyclone tube is used for rotating gas-liquid fluid so as to realize gas-liquid separation due to density difference. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can exert respective advantages and bring out the best in each other, so that the separator has large treatment capacity and high gas-liquid separation precision.

The cyclone tube can be behind the coalescence core, that is the gas-liquid fluid passes through the coalescence core before entering the cyclone tube. See fig. 4.

The cyclone tube can be before the coalescence core, that is the gas-liquid fluid passes through the cyclone tube before entering the coalescence core. See fig. 1.

The cyclone tube and the coalescence core can be directly connected in a 1-to-1 mode, or can be indirectly communicated in a 1-to-1 mode from the interior of the separator through a transition cavity or a pipeline.

The direction of flow of the coalescing core may be outside-in or vice versa. The coalescing core may be with or without drains.

The coalescing element may be provided with a drain, in which case a liquid seal or valve may be provided to prevent cross-flow.

A coalescing core without drains may have a gas pressure differential at the bottom of the coalescing core that is slightly greater than the gas pressure drop across the sidewall of the coalescing core. That is, the bottom of the coalescing core is made of a liquid permeable material and structure, but the liquid permeable material and structure is sufficiently dense that the resulting pressure differential for the gas is slightly greater than the gas pressure drop across the sidewall of the coalescing core.

The schematic diagram is a basic mode of the application of the present invention, and is only used for illustrating the specific implementation of the method, and the practical application is not limited and not limited to this mode, and a combination manner of selecting or optimizing a plurality of modes can be made according to specific situations.

Advantageous effects

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. high liquid removal efficiency and high purification efficiency, and can collect liquid drops of 0.1 μm or less.

2. Simple structure, convenient manufacture and maintenance, low manufacturing cost, small occupied area and low investment.

3. The service life is long.

4. Large gas handling capacity, low gas pressure drop and high operation flexibility.

5. The high operation temperature is allowed, and the method is used for treating high-temperature, flammable and explosive and harmful gases.

6. Easy to be automatically controlled

7. The application range is wide.

8. Low energy consumption and no secondary pollution.

"coalescing material" is defined herein: any material with coalesced globule properties, such as: stainless steel, nylon, glass, cotton, carbon steel, galvanized sheet, wood, solid chemical, paper, rubber, aluminum, copper, titanium, alloys, magnet, alumina, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, paint, coatings, and the like.

Claims

1. A high-precision gas-liquid separator (hereinafter referred to as a separator). The separator realizes high-precision separation of gas/liquid of a gas-liquid mixture by organically combining multiple mechanisms such as collision, interception, adsorption, coalescence and the like.

The separator mainly comprises the following parts: coalescing wicks, liquid drains, and the like.

The coalescence core is formed by skeleton, deep coalescence material etc. and the gas velocity of flow through coalescence core is 0.38 ~ 12.9m/s, and the lyophilic performance of coalescence material is better, and the effect of gas-liquid separation is also better.

2. According to claim 1, a swirl tube (or a cyclone, a swirler) may be additionally installed at a preceding stage or a subsequent stage of the coalescing core, and the swirl tube functions to rotate the gas-liquid fluid, thereby achieving gas-liquid separation due to density difference. The combination of the coalescence core and the cyclone tube can exert respective advantages and bring out the best in each other, so that the separator has the advantages of large gas treatment capacity, high separation precision and moderate pressure drop.

The cyclone tube can be behind the coalescence core, that is the gas-liquid fluid passes through the coalescence core before entering the cyclone tube. The gas flow rate through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s, and the coalescing material in the deep layer of the coalescing core can be filiform, granular or flaky, etc.

3. According to claim 2, the swirl tube may be located before the coalescing element, i.e. the gas-liquid flow passes through the swirl tube and then enters the coalescing element. The gas flow rate through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s, and the coalescing material in the deep layer of the coalescing core can be filiform, granular or flaky, etc.

4. According to the claims 2 and 3, the cyclone tube and the coalescence core can be directly connected in 1 to 1, or indirectly connected in 1 to 1, and communicated with the inside of the separator through a transition cavity or a pipeline. The flow rate of the gas passing through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s.

5. According to claim 4, the direction of flow of the coalescing core may be from the outside to the inside or vice versa. The coalescing cartridge may be with or without a drain. The flow rate of the gas passing through the coalescing core is 0.38-12.9 m/s.

6. According to claim 5, the coalescing element may be provided with drainage, in which case means such as a liquid seal or a valve are provided to prevent cross-flow.

7. The coalescing core without drains according to claim 5, wherein the coalescing core has a gas pressure differential at the bottom of the coalescing core slightly greater than the gas pressure drop across the sidewall of the coalescing core.