WO2001002324A1 - High temperature metathesis process - Google Patents

High temperature metathesis process Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001002324A1
WO2001002324A1 PCT/ZA2000/000120 ZA0000120W WO0102324A1 WO 2001002324 A1 WO2001002324 A1 WO 2001002324A1 ZA 0000120 W ZA0000120 W ZA 0000120W WO 0102324 A1 WO0102324 A1 WO 0102324A1
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Prior art keywords
high temperature
metathesis process
temperature metathesis
range
olefins
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2000/000120
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Mattheus Botha
Alta Spamer
Muzikayise Mthokozi Justice Mbatha
Bongani Simon Nkosi
Jan Petrus Karel Reynhardt
Kelvin Stephen Jacobus
Gavin Wyatt Schwikkard
Original Assignee
Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd filed Critical Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd
Priority to AU65412/00A priority Critical patent/AU6541200A/en
Priority to EP00952771A priority patent/EP1196361A1/en
Priority to JP2001507769A priority patent/JP2003524682A/en
Publication of WO2001002324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001002324A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C6/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions
    • C07C6/02—Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
    • C07C6/04—Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond at a carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C07C1/0485—Set-up of reactors or accessories; Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/28—Molybdenum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C07C2523/30—Tungsten

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a high temperature metathesis process.
  • the invention relates to the optimisation of the high temperature metathesis process to improve selectivity for a desired product range.
  • olefins in the Cg to C 14 range may be used as detergent and plasticizer precursors as well as for alkylation of benzene, and that C15 to C18 olefin ranges may be used as drilling fluids and drilling fluid precursors, amongst other uses.
  • linear olefins may be used to produce linear alkyl benzene and linear oxo-alcohols which could be used to produce detergents and plasticizers which were believed to be both bio-degradable and suitable for their intended purpose.
  • linear oxo-alcohols and lineal alkyl benzene were used to produce detergents and plasticizers which were believed to be both bio-degradable and suitable for their intended purpose.
  • metathesis process for the metathesis of Fischer-Tropsch olefins in the C 5 to C 15 range, said metathesis process including the step of
  • olefin feedstock in the C5 to C 1 5 range to metathesis reaction conditions, said olefin feedstock including mono-methyl branched olefins.
  • the high temperature metathesis process may be carried out at a
  • the high temperature metathesis process is carried out at a
  • the operating pressure of the high temperature metathesis process may be between 1 and 30 bar, or even higher.
  • the high temperature metathesis process may use a tungsten or molybdenum based catalyst, for example, WO3 or M0O3, supported or unsupported, with or without co-catalysts.
  • the support can typically be SiO 2 , AI2O3, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , or mixtures thereof.
  • the high temperature metathesis process Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock in the C 5 to C 15 range may include linear alpha olefins, mono-methyl branched olefins, paraffins, dienes, aromatics, and the like.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock includes one or more olefins selected from the C5 to Cg range.
  • the product of the high temperature metathesis process may include one or more mono-methyl branched olefins in the Cg to C 1 8 range.
  • the product of the high temperature metathesis process may include one or more linear olefins in the Cg to C ⁇ s range.
  • the product of the high temperature metathesis process may include one or more mono-methyl branched olefins and one or more linear olefins in the Cg to C 18 range.
  • the olefins of the product may be internal olefins.
  • the product of the high temperature metathesis process may be used in the production of alkyl benzene, plasticizers, detergents, drilling fluids, and the like, having both a linear fraction and a branched fraction (for alkyl benzene the alkyl chain is branched or linear).
  • the branched fraction will be mono-methyl branched.
  • the branching may be di-methyl and/or ethyl.
  • a high temperature metathesis process for the metathesis of olefins in the C5 to C15 range including the step of subjecting an olefinic feedstock in the C5 to C 15 range to metathesis reaction conditions, the process including the recycling of a part of the product of the metathesis reaction to the reaction to increase the selectivity for a desired product range.
  • the olefinic feedstock may be a Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock including mono-methyl branched olefins.
  • the olefinic feedstock includes one or more olefins in the C5 to Cg range.
  • the process includes a separation stage wherein a recycle fraction in the C5 to C 8 range is separated from the product and recycled to the reaction.
  • the quantity of recycle in the feedstock may be selected to provide a C9 and higher selectivity of above 50%.
  • the quantity of recycle in the feedstock is selected to provide a Cg and higher selectivity of above 50%.
  • the recycle makes up between 20% and 80% of the reaction feedstock.
  • the recycle makes up between about a third and three quarters of the reaction feedstock.
  • the total yield of high temperature metathesis process product in the Cg to Ci8 range is above 40%.
  • the total yield of high temperature metathesis process product in the Cg to C ⁇ s range is about 50%.
  • the total feedstock conversion of the high temperature metathesis process of the invention is typically in the range of 60% to 90%, usually about 80%.
  • the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is typically greater than 1 :1. Usually, the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is greater than 2:1.
  • the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is about 3: 1.
  • the branching of the high temperature metathesis process products is predominantly mono-methyl branching, although some di-methyl, and/or ethyl branching may also be present.
  • the product of the high temperature metathesis process may be used in the production of alkyl benzene, plasticizers, detergents, drilling fluids, and the like, having both a linear fraction and a branched fraction (for alkyl benzene the alkyl chain is branched or linear), the ratio of linear to branched fractions being related to the ratio of linear to branched high temperature
  • reference numeral 10 generally indicates a high
  • the process 10 includes a reactor 12 operated at between 450°C and 550°C and at an operating pressure of between 1 and 30 bar.
  • the feedstock 14 includes olefins in the C5 to Cg range.
  • the feedstock 14 will be purified of oxygenates which may poison the catalyst by extractive distillation (not shown), prior to being fed to the reactor 12.
  • the reaction product 16 includes both linear and branched internal
  • the reaction product 16 is fed to a separator 18 where it is cut into a
  • the recycle stream 22 is combined with the feedstock 14 to form the total feedstock of the reactor 12.
  • the recycle stream 22 is between a third and three quarters of the feedstock 14.
  • the total yield of heavy product stream 24 is about 50%, while the
  • feedstream 14 conversion is about 80%, with a selectivity for Cg to C 1 8 of
  • the ratio of linear to branched product in heavy product stream 24 is about 3:1
  • the catalyst was activated by heating at 550°C in flowing air for 12

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a high temperature metathesis process for the metathesis of Fischer-Tropsch olefins in the C5 to C15 range, said metathesis process including the step of subjecting a Fischer-Tropsch olefin feedstock in the C5 to C15 range to metathesis reaction conditions, said olefin feedstock including mono-methyl branched olefins. The invention also provides alkyl benzenes (AB's), drilling fluids and oxo-alcohols produced from the products of the metathesis process.

Description

HIGH TEMPERATURE METATHESIS PROCESS
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a high temperature metathesis process. In particular, the invention relates to the optimisation of the high temperature metathesis process to improve selectivity for a desired product range.
Background to the Invention
The applicant is aware that olefins in the Cg to C14 range may be used as detergent and plasticizer precursors as well as for alkylation of benzene, and that C15 to C18 olefin ranges may be used as drilling fluids and drilling fluid precursors, amongst other uses.
Conventional thinking was that linear olefins may be used to produce linear alkyl benzene and linear oxo-alcohols which could be used to produce detergents and plasticizers which were believed to be both bio-degradable and suitable for their intended purpose. Thus, previously efforts were concentrated on producing linear oxo-alcohols and lineal alkyl benzene, and thus efforts were focused on linear olefins from which these could be made.
Recently, however, a new wave of thinking has lead to the belief that non-linear oxo-alcohols as well as non-linear alkyl chain alkyl benzene could be used alone or together with their linear counterparts for the production of said detergents and plasticizers. in particular short chain branched olefins are believed best suited to produce such non-linear products. Thus, recent efforts
have concentrated on the delinearization of the linear olefins in order to use
such olefins in the production of the non-linear products.
Summary of the Invention
Surprisingly, after extensive research, the applicant has found that a peculiar olefin composition in the Cg to C18 range, having both linear and non- linear olefins may be made by metathesis of Fischer-Tropsch olefins in the C5
to C15 range.
Thus, according to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a
high temperature metathesis process for the metathesis of Fischer-Tropsch olefins in the C5 to C15 range, said metathesis process including the step of
subjecting a Fischer-Tropsch olefin feedstock in the C5 to C15 range to metathesis reaction conditions, said olefin feedstock including mono-methyl branched olefins.
The high temperature metathesis process may be carried out at a
temperature of between 300°C to 600°C.
Typically the high temperature metathesis process is carried out at a
temperature of between 450°C and 550°C. The operating pressure of the high temperature metathesis process may be between 1 and 30 bar, or even higher.
The high temperature metathesis process may use a tungsten or molybdenum based catalyst, for example, WO3 or M0O3, supported or unsupported, with or without co-catalysts. The support can typically be SiO2, AI2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, or mixtures thereof.
The high temperature metathesis process Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock in the C5 to C15 range may include linear alpha olefins, mono-methyl branched olefins, paraffins, dienes, aromatics, and the like.
Typically, the Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock includes one or more olefins selected from the C5 to Cg range.
The product of the high temperature metathesis process may include one or more mono-methyl branched olefins in the Cg to C18 range.
The product of the high temperature metathesis process may include one or more linear olefins in the Cg to Cιs range.
The product of the high temperature metathesis process may include one or more mono-methyl branched olefins and one or more linear olefins in the Cg to C18 range. The olefins of the product may be internal olefins. The product of the high temperature metathesis process may be used in the production of alkyl benzene, plasticizers, detergents, drilling fluids, and the like, having both a linear fraction and a branched fraction (for alkyl benzene the alkyl chain is branched or linear).
Typically, the branched fraction will be mono-methyl branched. However, the branching may be di-methyl and/or ethyl.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a high temperature metathesis process for the metathesis of olefins in the C5 to C15 range, said metathesis process including the step of subjecting an olefinic feedstock in the C5 to C15 range to metathesis reaction conditions, the process including the recycling of a part of the product of the metathesis reaction to the reaction to increase the selectivity for a desired product range.
The olefinic feedstock may be a Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock including mono-methyl branched olefins.
Typically, the olefinic feedstock includes one or more olefins in the C5 to Cg range.
Where the desired product range includes olefins in the Cg to C18 range, the process includes a separation stage wherein a recycle fraction in the C5 to C8 range is separated from the product and recycled to the reaction. The quantity of recycle in the feedstock may be selected to provide a C9 and higher selectivity of above 50%.
Generally, the quantity of recycle in the feedstock is selected to provide a Cg and higher selectivity of above 50%.
Typically, the recycle makes up between 20% and 80% of the reaction feedstock.
Usually, the recycle makes up between about a third and three quarters of the reaction feedstock.
The total yield of high temperature metathesis process product in the Cg to Ci8 range is above 40%.
Typically, the total yield of high temperature metathesis process product in the Cg to Cιs range is about 50%.
The total feedstock conversion of the high temperature metathesis process of the invention is typically in the range of 60% to 90%, usually about 80%.
The ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is typically greater than 1 :1. Usually, the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is greater than 2:1.
Generally, the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is about 3: 1.
The branching of the high temperature metathesis process products is predominantly mono-methyl branching, although some di-methyl, and/or ethyl branching may also be present.
The product of the high temperature metathesis process may be used in the production of alkyl benzene, plasticizers, detergents, drilling fluids, and the like, having both a linear fraction and a branched fraction (for alkyl benzene the alkyl chain is branched or linear), the ratio of linear to branched fractions being related to the ratio of linear to branched high temperature
metathesis process products used in their production.
Description of the Drawing and Examples
The invention will now be described, by way of non-limiting illustration
only, with reference to the accompanying line diagram.
In the diagram, reference numeral 10 generally indicates a high
temperature metathesis process broadly in accordance with the invention. The process 10 includes a reactor 12 operated at between 450°C and 550°C and at an operating pressure of between 1 and 30 bar. A Fischer- Tropsch olefinic feedstock 14 including mono-methyl branched olefins, is fed into the reactor 12. The feedstock 14 includes olefins in the C5 to Cg range.
Usually the feedstock 14 will be purified of oxygenates which may poison the catalyst by extractive distillation (not shown), prior to being fed to the reactor 12.
The reaction product 16 includes both linear and branched internal
olefins in the C2 to Cιβ range.
The reaction product 16 is fed to a separator 18 where it is cut into a
light product stream 20 including C2 to C4, a recycle stream 22 including C5 to C8, and a heavy product 24 including product in the desired Cg to C18 range.
The recycle stream 22 is combined with the feedstock 14 to form the total feedstock of the reactor 12.
The recycle stream 22 is between a third and three quarters of the feedstock 14.
The total yield of heavy product stream 24 is about 50%, while the
feedstream 14 conversion is about 80%, with a selectivity for Cg to C18 of
about 60%. The ratio of linear to branched product in heavy product stream 24 is about 3:1
Examples
Several runs were made by passing olefin containing feed downwards through a vertical pipe reactor, unless otherwise stated. This reactor (25.4 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length) was positioned in a temperature- controlled electric furnace with a thermocouple positioned in the catalyst bed
to monitor reaction temperatures.
About 100 mm depth of glass beads (2 mm diameter) were placed at the bottom of the pipe reactor supported by a layer of quartz wool. Another
layer of quartz wool was placed on top of the glass beads as support for the catalyst bed comprising of about 12 g of catalyst. This was topped with another layer of quartz wool and the remainder of the reactor filled with glass
beads. The catalyst was activated by heating at 550°C in flowing air for 12
hours, followed by heating at 600°C for 2 hours under a flow of nitrogen and finally the catalyst was cooled under a flow of nitrogen to reaction temperature
(typically 500°C).
Example 1
In this Example a catalyst in the form of a WO3 supported on SiO2 was
used, in which the WO3 and SiO2 were in a mass ratio of 8:92. The process was operated in the temperature range of 400 to 550°C and at a LHSV of 1 h" 1. As a feed was used a C7 SLO narrow cut after NMP extraction, containing 3-methyl-1 -hexene (0.7870%), 5-methyl-1 -hexene (1.9068%), 4-methyl-1- hexene (3.1737%), 2-methyl-1 -hexene (4.1847%), 2-methylhexane (1.6501 %), 3-methylhexane (2.8000%), 1 -heptene (74.5710%), n-heptane (6.3012%), 2-methyl-2-hexene (0.6832%), 3-heptene (0.3163%), 2-heptene (0.7038%) and dienes, cyclic olefins and aromatics (2.4386%) amongst others, based on mass% calculations. Results are set forth in the following table, Table 1 :
Table 1
Figure imgf000011_0001
Example 2
In this Example a catalyst in form of a WO3 supported on SiO2 was used, in which the WO3 and SiO2 were in a mass ratio of 8:92. The process was operated at 500°C and by recycling some of the olefins formed back to the reactor. As a feed was used a C SLO narrow cut after NMP extraction, containing 3-methyl-1 -hexene (0.7870%), 5-methyl-1 -hexene (1.9068%), 4- methyl-1 -hexene (3.1737%), 2-methyl-1 -hexene (4.1847%), 2-methylhexane (1 .6501 %), 3-methylhexane (2.8000%), 1 -heptene (74.5710%), n-heptane (6.3012%), 2-methyl-2-hexene (0.3163%), 2-heptene (0.7038%) and dienes, cyclic olefins and aromatics (2.4386%) amongst others, based on mass%
calculations. Results are set forth in the following table, Table 2:
Table 2
Figure imgf000012_0001
(a) 1.0 LHSV based on fresh feed; 6.0 LHSV with recycle (1:5 recycle ration); (Recycle C5 - C10)
(b) 1.4 LHSV based on fresh feed; 5.6 LHSV with recycle (1:3 recycle ratio); (Recycle C5 - C9)
(c) 1.4 LHSV based on fresh feed; 5.6 LHSV with recycle 1:3 recycle ratio; (Recycle C&e - C8) (d) 2.0 LHSV based on fresh feed; 5.0 LHSV with recycle 1:1.5 recycle ratio); Recycle C45 - C7)
Example 3
In this Example a catalyst in the form of a WO3 supported on SiO2 were
in a mass ratio of 8:92. The process was operated at 500°C and at a LHSV of 3 h"1. As a feed was used a C5 SLO co-monomer grade cut containing 99% 1 -pentene. The C5 - C7 fraction was recycled (1 : 1 recycle ratio) back to the reactor in order to increase the yield towards the Cs - C14 fraction. Results are set forth in the following table, Table 3:
Table 3
Figure imgf000013_0001
The applicant believes that it is an advantage of the invention as illustrated, that the high operating temperatures result in a high degree of resistance to poisoning of the metathesis catalyst by feedstock components, such as branched olefins, dienes, aromatics, and the like.
The applicant believes that it is a further advantage of the invention as illustrated that by recycling a cut of the product which is below the desirable carbon length range, high selectivity to desired products is achieved..

Claims

Claims:
1. A high temperature metathesis process for the metathesis of Fischer-Tropsch olefins in the C5 to C15 range, said metathesis process including the step of subjecting a Fischer-Tropsch olefin feedstock in the C5 to C15 range to metathesis reaction conditions, said olefin feedstock including mono-methyl branched olefins.
2. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of between 300°C to
600°C.
3. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of between 450°C and 550°C.
4. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said process is carried out at a pressure of between 1 and 30 bar.
5. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said process is carried out in the presence of a tungsten or molybdenum based catalyst.
6. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said process is carried out in the presence of a WO3 or M0O3 catalyst.
7. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock in the C5 to C15 range includes at least linear alpha olefins and mono-methyl branched olefins.
8. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock includes one or more olefins selected from the C5 to Cg range.
9. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the product of the high temperature metathesis process includes one or more mono-methyl branched olefins in the Cg to C18 range.
10. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the product of the high temperature metathesis process includes one or more linear olefins in the Cg to C18 range.
11. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the olefins of the product are internal olefins.
12. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the product of the high temperature metathesis process is used in the production of alkyl benzene, plasticizers, detergents, and/or drilling fluids, having both a linear fraction and a branched fraction.
13. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim
12, wherein the branched fraction is mono-methyl branched.
14. The high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim
13, wherein the branched fraction includes di-methyl, and/or ethyl branching.
15. A high temperature metathesis process for the metathesis of olefins in the Cs to C15 range, said metathesis process including the step of
subjecting an olefinic feedstock in the Cs to C15 range to metathesis reaction conditions, the process including the recycling of a part of the product of the
metathesis reaction to the reaction to increase the selectivity for a desired product range.
16. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 15,
wherein the olefinic feedstock is a Fischer-Tropsch olefinic feedstock including
mono-methyl branched olefins.
17. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the olefinic feedstock includes one or more olefins in the Cs to Cg range.
18. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 15, wherein the desired product range includes olefins in the Cg to C18 range.
19. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 18 wherein the process includes a separation stage wherein a recycle fraction in the C5 to Cs range is separated from the product and recycled to the reaction.
20. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 19, wherein the quantity of recycle in the feedstock is selected to provide a Cg and higher selectivity of above 50%.
21. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 19 or claim 20, wherein the recycle makes up between 20% and 80% of the
reaction feedstock.
22. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 21 ,
wherein the recycle makes up between about a third and three quarters of the
reaction feedstock.
23. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claim 18 to 22, wherein the total yield of high temperature metathesis process product in the Cg to Cι8 range is above 40%.
24. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claim 18 to 22, wherein the total yield of high temperature metathesis process product in the C9 to Cι8 range is above 50%.
25. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 24, wherein the total feedstock conversion is in the range of 60% to 90%.
26. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in claim 25, wherein the total feedstock conversion is about 80%.
27. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 26, wherein the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is greater than 1 : 1.
28. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of
claims 15 to 27, wherein the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is greater than 2: 1.
29. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 28, wherein the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products is about 3:1.
30. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 29, wherein the branching of the high temperature metathesis process products is predominantly mono-methyl branching.
31. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 30, wherein the branching of the high temperature metathesis process products includes some di-methyl and/or ethyl branching.
32. A high temperature metathesis process as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 31 , wherein the products of the high temperature metathesis process are used in the production of alkyl benzene, plasticizers, detergents, and/or drilling fluids, having both a linear fraction and a branched fraction with the ratio of linear to branched fractions being related to the ratio of linear to branched high temperature metathesis process products used in their production.
33. A high temperature metathesis process substantially as herein described and illustrated.
34. A new high temperature metathesis process substantially as herein described.
PCT/ZA2000/000120 1999-07-06 2000-07-06 High temperature metathesis process WO2001002324A1 (en)

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AU65412/00A AU6541200A (en) 1999-07-06 2000-07-06 High temperature metathesis process
EP00952771A EP1196361A1 (en) 1999-07-06 2000-07-06 High temperature metathesis process
JP2001507769A JP2003524682A (en) 1999-07-06 2000-07-06 High temperature metathesis method

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US14238299P 1999-07-06 1999-07-06
US60/142,382 1999-07-06
ZA99/04380 1999-07-06
ZA994380 1999-07-06

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE10305562A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-08-26 Sasol Germany Gmbh Ester mixtures based on branched alcohols and / or branched acids and their use as a polymer additive
WO2012112828A1 (en) 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Bio-based linear alkylphenyl sulfonates
WO2012138423A1 (en) 2011-02-17 2012-10-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions comprising mixtures of c10-c13 alkylphenyl sulfonates
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WO2012112828A1 (en) 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Bio-based linear alkylphenyl sulfonates
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