WO2000073871A1 - Device and method for controlling and/or driving at least a member such as a motor, an actuator or a meter - Google Patents

Device and method for controlling and/or driving at least a member such as a motor, an actuator or a meter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000073871A1
WO2000073871A1 PCT/CH2000/000306 CH0000306W WO0073871A1 WO 2000073871 A1 WO2000073871 A1 WO 2000073871A1 CH 0000306 W CH0000306 W CH 0000306W WO 0073871 A1 WO0073871 A1 WO 0073871A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tubular element
receivers
receiver
received
deformable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2000/000306
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Laurent Dellsperger
Original Assignee
Laurent Dellsperger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laurent Dellsperger filed Critical Laurent Dellsperger
Priority to AU45330/00A priority Critical patent/AU4533000A/en
Priority to EP00926633A priority patent/EP1188101A1/en
Publication of WO2000073871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000073871A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G5/00—Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
    • E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
    • E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
    • E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
    • E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
    • E05F2015/434—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound with cameras or optical sensors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for monitoring and / or controlling at least one member such as in particular a motor, a jack or a meter.
  • the control devices concerned are in particular those making it possible to avoid closing a door such as a bus, metro or elevator door when a person or an object is placed in this door.
  • the latter comprises a tube made of a flexible synthetic material such as rubber.
  • the interior of this tube has electrically conductive contacts. These contacts are open in the absence of deformation of the rubber tube.
  • the contacts close and a command opens the door automatically.
  • This device generally works satisfactorily.
  • the manufacturing cost is extremely high, because of the installation of the electrical contacts in the tube. document describes a device composed of a rubber tube at the ends of which are arranged a transmitter on one side and a detector on the other side. A light beam is sent from the transmitter to the detector. When an obstacle deforms the tube, the light intensity reaching the detector is less than the intensity without deformation.
  • This device replaces a switch and acts for example on the opening or closing of a door. It has a number of drawbacks. First of all, it is used only as a switch. It does not allow operation to be controlled continuously or analogically. On the other hand, it is sensitive to deformation. Indeed, if the tube and its support deform, the light intensity received by the detector will be less than the "normal" intensity. This decrease will be interpreted as the presence of an obstacle.
  • correction means making it possible to take account of external parameters, such as in particular the external light.
  • these correction means are complex and expensive and all the corrections, in particular the aging of the components, are not taken into account.
  • control is generally arranged in one or more point locations.
  • the present invention proposes to produce a reliable control device, insensitive to deformations which are not due to an obstacle, and a reliable, simple and inexpensive control device, offering great flexibility of use and improving safety on existing facilities.
  • a device as defined in the preamble and characterized in that it comprises at least a second receiver, means for measuring the intensities received by each of the receivers and means for controlling said member as a function of the received intensities determined. by means of measurement.
  • the device comprises a deformable tubular element and the two receivers are arranged at two opposite ends of this deformable tubular element.
  • the device comprises two deformable tubular elements and the two receivers are each arranged at one end of a different deformable tubular element.
  • the device according to the present invention advantageously comprises means for controlling the power emitted by each transmitter as a function of the power measured by said measuring means.
  • the device comprises a deformable tubular element and a transmitter and a receiver at each end of this deformable tubular element.
  • the device advantageously includes a calculating device arranged to process the signals of the measuring means.
  • the control means are preferably arranged to control at least one parameter of said member, this parameter being preferably chosen from speed, position, duration or value.
  • the device comprises a network of tubular elements, each of these elements cooperating with at least one wave transmitter and at least one wave receiver.
  • the aims set by the present invention are also achieved by a method as defined above, and characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in transmitting by means of at least one transmitter, waves in at least one tubular element deformable, measure the intensity received by two separate receivers, compare the intensities received by each of the receivers and control said member according to the result of the comparison of the intensities received by each of the receivers.
  • the intensities received by each receiver are compared with a lower threshold value and with an upper threshold value, and the transmission power of each transmitter is adapted as a function of the result of this comparison.
  • the intensity received by two receivers arranged at two opposite ends of the same deformable tubular element is measured and at least one location is determined where the element tubular is deformed by comparing the intensities received by each of said receivers.
  • the method comprises a step consisting in transforming the result of the step of comparing the intensities of each of the receivers into an analog signal, and in controlling said member as a function of this analog signal.
  • At least one parameter of said member is controlled as a function of the analog signal generated in said comparison step, said parameter preferably being chosen from a speed, a distance or a value.
  • the aims of the invention are also achieved by a method as defined above, and characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in transmitting, by means of two wave transmitters, waves in two deformable tubular elements, measuring the intensity of the radiation received by two receivers and transmitted from the transmitters by the tubular elements, determining a difference between the intensities received by the two receivers, and controlling said member as a function of the difference between the intensities received.
  • an action of the member is associated with different deformation positions.
  • the time elapsing between two successive deformations of the deformable tubular element is measured.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the invention, in which the device is not actuated;
  • FIG. 3 shows the device of Figure 2, in the actuated position
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line II-II of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the line III-III of Figure 3;
  • Figures 6A, 6B and 6C are schematic views of a third embodiment of the invention, in three different positions;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the method for controlling the transmitters and detectors of the device according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7 for measuring the distance at two points.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device 10 according to the invention, as it could be mounted on an elevator door, bus 11 or metro for example.
  • This device comprises on each door, a transmitter of waves 12 which may in particular be electromagnetic waves such as visible light.
  • a laser light source can advantageously be used.
  • the the device also further comprises on each door, a receiver 13 sensitive to the waves of the transmitter and a deformable tubular element 14 connecting the transmitter to the receiver.
  • This tubular element has a partially reflective and partially absorbent inner layer.
  • the device further comprises means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity of the waves received by the receiver, and means 16 for controlling an actuator 17 as a function of the variations in intensity.
  • the device as described with reference to this figure operates as follows.
  • the transmitter 12 emits electromagnetic waves or radiation, a certain amount of which is received by the receiver 13 and a further amount of which is absorbed by the tubular element.
  • This quantity received called standard intensity, essentially depends on the reflection of the inner layer of the tube and the intensity of the radiation emitted by the emitter. It is therefore known.
  • the intensity of the radiation received by the receiver 13 is different from the known standard intensity, received in the absence of deformation of the tubular element. This is due to the fact that the inner layer of the tube is partially reflective and therefore partially absorbent. A certain amount of radiation is therefore absorbed by the tubular element because of its deformation. This change in the intensity received is detected by the means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity of the electromagnetic waves.
  • This device 20 essentially comprises two transmitters 22, 22 'and two receivers 23, 23' connected by two deformable tubular elements 24, 24 ', arranged substantially parallel to one another. As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 4 and 5, the two tubular elements can be held on a support profile 25 made for example of metal.
  • each receiver 23, 23 ' receives an amount of radiation which depends on the amount of radiation emitted, on the absorption or the reflection inside the tubular element 24, 24' and on the deformation of this tubular element. In the absence of deformation, the quantity received by each receiver is known. When one of the tubular elements is deformed, the amount of radiation received by each receiver is less than this known amount.
  • the means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity are used to precisely measure the amount of radiation received by each receiver. It is then possible to control for example the speed or the distance of movement of the carriage as a function of the quantity of radiation received or as a function of the difference between the quantity received in the absence of deformation and the quantity received with deformation.
  • the upper tubular element 24 can be used to advance the carriage, while the lower tubular element 24 'can be used to reverse it. It is also possible to use the upper tubular element for movement and the lower tubular element for stopping.
  • a differential measurement between the intensity received by the receivers 23, 23 'of the two tubular elements also makes it possible to differentiate a voluntary deformation of one of the tubular elements 24, 24', from a deformation of the profile. support 25 for example. Indeed, a deformation of the profile will have the same effect on the two tubular elements.
  • the decrease in radiation received by the receivers, due to the deformation of the support profile will be substantially identical for each receiver.
  • the means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity will not interpret these variations as an order to move the actuator.
  • a deformation intended for the movement of the carriage will act only on one of the two tubular elements.
  • the reduction in the radiation received by the two receivers will be different and the means 15 for measuring variations in intensity will interpret this difference as an order to move the actuator.
  • FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C illustrate a particular embodiment of the invention in which it is possible to determine the place where a tubular element 30 is deformed.
  • FIG. 6A illustrates this embodiment without deformation
  • FIG. 6B illustrates it with a deformation situated substantially in the middle of the length of the tubular element.
  • the deformation is close to one of the ends of the tubular element.
  • the device of FIGS. 6A to 6C comprises a transmitter 31 placed at one end of the tubular element 30, a first receiver 32 placed at the other end of the tubular element and a second receiver 33 placed next to the transmitter 31 .
  • the intensity of the radiation received by the first receiver 32 is measured on the one hand, and the intensity received by the second receiver 33 on the other hand.
  • the intensity emitted by the emitter 31 is fixed and known. This intensity is represented diagrammatically by the height 34 of a hatched area having the reference 35 in FIGS. 6A to 6C, near the emitter 31.
  • FIG. 6A which illustrates the non-deformed tubular element 30
  • part of the radiation is absorbed along this tubular element.
  • This absorbed part is represented schematically by the reduction in the height of the hatched areas 35 in the direction of movement of the wave beam.
  • Part of the total intensity of the radiation emitted by the emitter 31 is transmitted to the first receiver 32.
  • the rest of the radiation is absorbed by the tubular element.
  • the part of the intensity received by the receiver 32 is represented schematically by the height 36 of the hatched area 35, near the receiver 32.
  • the intensity of the radiation received by the second receiver 33 is practically zero.
  • the total intensity arriving at point 39 where the tubular element is deformed is separated into a transmitted part 37 and a reflected part 38.
  • the first receiver 32 receives the transmitted part minus the absorbed part the along the path taken from the deformation point 39 of the tubular element to the receiver 32.
  • the second receiver 33 receives the reflected part 38 minus the absorbed part along the path taken from the deformation point 39 to the receiver 33
  • FIG. 6C also illustrates this distribution of the radiations, in the case where the deformation point 39 is close to the second receiver 33.
  • the quantity 40 of the reflected part 38 before arriving at the second receiver 33 depends directly on the distance traveled by the radiation in the tubular element before being reflected towards the second receiver.
  • the intensity of the radiation emitted by the emitter 31 and the intensities received by each of the two receivers 32 and 33 it is possible to determine, by a differential measurement of the intensities, where the tubular element has been distorted.
  • the total amount of radiation received by the two receivers depends only on the "amount" of deformation of the tubular element 30, assuming that the amount of radiation emitted by the emitter is constant and known. By knowing this total quantity, it is possible to determine the influence of the deformation.
  • the deformation can for example be produced by a wheel 41 of a carriage 42 of a machine tool or of another mobile element. It can also be produced by a sliding or rolling element linked to a rail, which allows for example the production of a potentiometer.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6C is particularly advantageous in the case where a mobile element has to be moved into different given positions. It is possible to press a tubular element at a given location to bring the movable element to a corresponding location. Thus, by having for example a plan or a model of a route, the mobile element can be brought to the desired location of the route.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the device formed by two tubular elements 24, 24 ', in which each tubular element comprises, at each end, a transmitter 22, resp. 22 'and a receiver 23, resp. 23 '.
  • the light intensity received by each of the receivers is added in a calculating device 50 forming part of the means 15 for measuring the intensities received by the receivers, then this intensity is compared, by means of a comparator 51, to two threshold values , a higher value and a lower value. If this intensity is less than the lower threshold value, the transmission power of the transmitters 22, 22 ′ is increased until the measured intensity is greater than the lower threshold value. Conversely, if the intensity is greater than the upper threshold value, the transmission power is reduced until the intensity is less than the upper threshold value.
  • signal processing means 52 determine the quotient between the difference of the intensities of the receivers, determined by a calculating device 50 'also forming part of the means 15 for measuring the intensities received. by the receivers, and their sum determined by the calculation device 50. Depending on the value of this quotient, an action can be taken.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a device formed from a single tubular element 30, in which it is possible to detect two pressures on this tubular element 30, and to determine the place where these pressures are performed.
  • each end of the tubular element comprises a transmitter 22, 22 'and a receiver 23, 23'.
  • the light intensity emitted by one of the emitters is measured by each of the receivers 23, 23 '.
  • the sum of the intensities is introduced into a calculation device 50, then the power of the transmitter 22 is adapted so that this sum is between two threshold values.
  • the differential measurement of the intensity received by each of the receivers 23, 23 ′ makes it possible to determine the position in which a deformation is produced.
  • the other transmitter that is to say the transmitter 22 'and the two receivers 23, 23'
  • the distance separating the two opposite transmitters 22, 22 ′ it is possible on the one hand to determine if the tubular element is deformed in one or in two places and on the other hand, to measure with precision where is (are) this or these deformation (s). In this way, it is possible to initiate two functions, depending on the position of the deformations.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a particular application using the embodiment of FIG. 8.
  • This device comprises a tubular element 30 at each end of which are arranged a transmitter 22, 22 'and a receiver 23, 23'.
  • This tubular element is covered with a perforated plate 60, each perforation making it possible, for example, to access a different function.
  • the indication of the functions can for example be engraved on the plate.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to obtain a particularly reliable "multi-switch” since it has no mechanical part. In the event of a breakdown, the transmitters and receivers can be easily replaced since they are made up of standard elements, just like the tubular element. In addition, this "multi-switch" does not include medium voltage power cables, so that it can be used in an explosive, chemically aggressive or even underwater environment.
  • FIG. 10 is another example of application of the device according to the invention.
  • This device comprises a tubular element 30 having at each end, a transmitter 22, 22 'and a receiver 23, 23'. It is connected to a counter 70 and allows for example to carry out road statistics. For this purpose, it is placed across a road not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of this road.
  • the position of the deformations is measured, as well as the distance x between two deformations. It is thus possible to determine whether the vehicle is a cycle, a car or a truck by determining the distance x which corresponds to its width.
  • the device according to the present invention has many advantages over the devices of the prior art.
  • the emitters used can be formed for example of laser diodes which have a very low manufacturing cost.
  • the tubular elements can be commercially available standard rubber tubes, requiring no further processing. They are therefore particularly inexpensive.
  • the device By the operating principle of the device, it can be used even if the tubular element is partially damaged. In addition, since there is no electrical contact at the tube, there are no sparks. This the device can therefore be used in an environment presenting a risk of explosion or another aggressive environment.
  • the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but extends to any modification or variant obvious to those skilled in the art.
  • this device can in particular be used to control doors, windows, blinds, blackboards, trolleys of machine tools, handling trolleys, etc.
  • a logic signal to control the actuator this could for example have two logic states corresponding respectively to the opening or closing of a door. It could also have three logical states corresponding to moving forward, stopped and moving back. More generally, it could have a number of logic states corresponding to a predetermined number of actions or positions of the actuator, as may for example be the case in a "multi-switch" according to FIG. 9.
  • tubular elements comprise one or two tubular elements. It is clear that an unlimited number of tubular elements could be used if different functions were to be accessible. For example, one element could be dedicated to a slow speed advance, another to a fast speed advance, a third to a slow speed reverse, a fourth, to a fast speed reverse and finally a fifth, when the movement stops.
  • the device In the case where the device is used to control the movement in a given position of a mobile element, it is possible to use an array of tubular elements.
  • the waves used in the embodiments described are electromagnetic waves. However, other types of waves, such as pressure waves in particular, could also be used.
  • the embodiments described all use the measurement of the intensity received by each of the receivers. It is also possible to measure other parameters of the light beam, in particular the transmission time and / or the shape of a pulse.
  • the type of member used in particular the choice of a motor, a jack or a meter, depends on the application of the device of the invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a device (10) comprising at least a wave emitter (12) such as visible light waves, and at least a wave receiver (13) sensitive to the emitter (12) waves. The emitter (12) and the receiver (13) are connected by a tubular element (14). The device further comprises means (15) for measuring variations in the intensity levels of the waves received by each receiver. When the tubular element (14) is not deformed, the receiver (13) receives a known intensity level. When the tubular element (14) is deformed, the intensity level received by the receiver (13) is different from said known intensity level. Said difference is interpreted so as to control a member such as a motor, an actuator or a meter.

Description

DISPOSITIF ET PROCEDE DE CONTROLE ET/OU DE COMMANDE D"AU MOINS UN ORGANE TEL QU'UN MOTEUR, UN VERIN OU UN COMPTEURDEVICE AND METHOD FOR MONITORING AND / OR CONTROLLING AT LEAST ONE MEMBER SUCH AS A MOTOR, A JACK OR A COUNTER
DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de contrôle et/ou de commande d'au moins un organe tel que notamment un moteur, un vérin ou un compteur.The present invention relates to a device for monitoring and / or controlling at least one member such as in particular a motor, a jack or a meter.
Elle concerne également un interrupteur et un potentiomètre utilisant ce dispositif.It also relates to a switch and a potentiometer using this device.
Finalement, elle concerne un procédé pour la mise en œuvre de ce dispositif.Finally, it relates to a method for the implementation of this device.
Les dispositifs de contrôle concernés sont notamment ceux permettant d'éviter la fermeture d'une porte telle qu'une porte de bus, de métro ou d'ascenseur lorsqu'une personne ou un objet est placé dans cette porte.The control devices concerned are in particular those making it possible to avoid closing a door such as a bus, metro or elevator door when a person or an object is placed in this door.
ART ANTERIEURPRIOR ART
Généralement, pour permettre une détection sur toute la hauteur de la porte, celle-ci comporte un tube en une matière synthétique souple telle que du caoutchouc. L'intérieur de ce tube comporte des contacts électriquement conducteurs. Ces contacts sont ouverts en l'absence de déformation du tube caoutchouc. Lorsque le tube est déformé, par exemple lorsqu'une personne ou un objet est coincé dans la porte, les contacts se ferment et une commande permet d'ouvrir automatiquement la porte. Ce dispositif fonctionne généralement de façon satisfaisante. Par contre, le coût de fabrication est extrêmement élevé, à cause de la mise en place des contacts électriques dans le tube. document décrit un dispositif composé d'un tube de caoutchouc aux extrémités duquel sont disposés un émetteur d'un côté et un détecteur de l'autre côté. Un faisceau lumineux est envoyé de l'émetteur vers le détecteur. Lorsqu'un obstacle déforme le tube, l'intensité lumineuse atteignant le détecteur est inférieure à l'intensité sans déformation.Generally, to allow detection over the entire height of the door, the latter comprises a tube made of a flexible synthetic material such as rubber. The interior of this tube has electrically conductive contacts. These contacts are open in the absence of deformation of the rubber tube. When the tube is deformed, for example when a person or an object is trapped in the door, the contacts close and a command opens the door automatically. This device generally works satisfactorily. On the other hand, the manufacturing cost is extremely high, because of the installation of the electrical contacts in the tube. document describes a device composed of a rubber tube at the ends of which are arranged a transmitter on one side and a detector on the other side. A light beam is sent from the transmitter to the detector. When an obstacle deforms the tube, the light intensity reaching the detector is less than the intensity without deformation.
Ce dispositif remplace un interrupteur et agit par exemple sur l'ouverture ou la fermeture d'une porte. Il présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients. Tout d'abord, il est utilisé uniquement comme interrupteur. Il ne permet pas de commander une opération de façon continue ou analogique. D'autre part, il est sensible à une déformation. En effet, si le tube et son support se déforment, l'intensité lumineuse reçue par le détecteur sera inférieure à l'intensité "normale". Cette diminution sera interprétée comme la présence d'un obstacle.This device replaces a switch and acts for example on the opening or closing of a door. It has a number of drawbacks. First of all, it is used only as a switch. It does not allow operation to be controlled continuously or analogically. On the other hand, it is sensitive to deformation. Indeed, if the tube and its support deform, the light intensity received by the detector will be less than the "normal" intensity. This decrease will be interpreted as the presence of an obstacle.
Finalement, il peut comporter des moyens de corrections permettant de tenir compte de paramètres extérieurs, telle que notamment la lumière extérieure. Toutefois, ces moyens de correction sont complexes et coûteux et toutes les corrections, notamment le vieillissement des composants, ne sont pas pris en considération.Finally, it may include correction means making it possible to take account of external parameters, such as in particular the external light. However, these correction means are complex and expensive and all the corrections, in particular the aging of the components, are not taken into account.
En ce qui concerne les dispositifs de commande d'actionneurs, tels que des moteurs ou des vérins, la commande est généralement disposée en un ou plusieurs endroits ponctuels.With regard to actuator control devices, such as motors or jacks, the control is generally arranged in one or more point locations.
Dans le cas où cette commande doit être accessible sur une distance importante, non ponctuelle, comme cela pourrait être le cas sur certaines machines-outils par exemple ou pour commander le déplacement de chariots, le dispositif tel que décrit ci-dessus, contenant un tube caoutchouc et des contacts électriques est généralement utilisé. Ces systèmes étant extrêmement chers, ils sont peu répandus et ils augmentent fortement le prix des installations dans lesquelles il n'est pas possible de s'en passer. D'autre part, le remplacement de commandes ponctuelles par une commande accessible sur une grande distance permettrait d'améliorer la sécurité, puisque l'utilisateur peut atteindre rapidement une commande.In the case where this command must be accessible over a significant, non-punctual distance, as could be the case on certain machine tools for example or for controlling the movement of carriages, the device as described above, containing a tube rubber and electrical contacts is generally used. These systems are extremely expensive, they are not widespread and they greatly increase the price of installations in which it is not possible to do without them. On the other hand, replacing one-off orders with an order accessible over a long distance would improve security, since the user can quickly reach an order.
EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention se propose de réaliser un dispositif de contrôle fiable, insensible aux déformations qui ne sont pas dues à un obstacle, et un dispositif de commande fiable, simple et bon marché, offrant une grande souplesse d'utilisation et améliorant la sécurité sur des installations existantes.The present invention proposes to produce a reliable control device, insensitive to deformations which are not due to an obstacle, and a reliable, simple and inexpensive control device, offering great flexibility of use and improving safety on existing facilities.
Ces buts sont atteints par un dispositif tel que défini en préambule et caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un deuxième récepteur, des moyens de mesure des intensités reçues par chacun des récepteurs et des moyens pour commander ledit organe en fonction des intensités reçues déterminées par les moyens de mesure.These aims are achieved by a device as defined in the preamble and characterized in that it comprises at least a second receiver, means for measuring the intensities received by each of the receivers and means for controlling said member as a function of the received intensities determined. by means of measurement.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, le dispositif comporte un élément tubulaire déformable et les deux récepteurs sont disposés à deux extrémités opposées de cet élément tubulaire déformable.According to a first embodiment, the device comprises a deformable tubular element and the two receivers are arranged at two opposite ends of this deformable tubular element.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, le dispositif comporte deux éléments tubulaires déformables et les deux récepteurs sont disposés chacun à une extrémité d'un élément tubulaire déformable différent.According to a second embodiment, the device comprises two deformable tubular elements and the two receivers are each arranged at one end of a different deformable tubular element.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention comporte avantageusement des moyens pour commander la puissance émise par chaque émetteur en fonction de la puissance mesurée par lesdits moyens de mesure. Selon une première forme de réalisation, le dispositif comporte un élément tubulaire déformable et un émetteur et un récepteur à chaque extrémité de cet élément tubulaire déformable.The device according to the present invention advantageously comprises means for controlling the power emitted by each transmitter as a function of the power measured by said measuring means. According to a first embodiment, the device comprises a deformable tubular element and a transmitter and a receiver at each end of this deformable tubular element.
Le dispositif comporte avantageusement un dispositif de calcul agencé pour traiter les signaux des moyens de mesure.The device advantageously includes a calculating device arranged to process the signals of the measuring means.
Les moyens de commande sont de préférence agencés pour commander au moins un paramètre dudit organe, ce paramètre étant choisi de préférence parmi la vitesse, la position la durée ou la valeur.The control means are preferably arranged to control at least one parameter of said member, this parameter being preferably chosen from speed, position, duration or value.
Selon une variante de réalisation, le dispositif comporte un réseau d'éléments tubulaires, chacun de ces éléments coopérant avec au moins un émetteur d'ondes et au moins un récepteur d'ondes.According to an alternative embodiment, the device comprises a network of tubular elements, each of these elements cooperating with at least one wave transmitter and at least one wave receiver.
Les buts fixés par la présente invention sont également atteints par un procédé tel que défini ci-dessus, et caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à émettre au moyen d'au moins un émetteur, des ondes dans au moins un élément tubulaire déformable, mesurer l'intensité reçue par deux récepteurs distincts, comparer les intensités reçues par chacun des récepteurs et commander ledit organe en fonction du résultat de la comparaison des intensités reçues par chacun des récepteurs.The aims set by the present invention are also achieved by a method as defined above, and characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in transmitting by means of at least one transmitter, waves in at least one tubular element deformable, measure the intensity received by two separate receivers, compare the intensities received by each of the receivers and control said member according to the result of the comparison of the intensities received by each of the receivers.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, l'on compare les intensités reçues par chaque récepteur à une valeur de seuil inférieur et à une valeur de seuil supérieure, et l'on adapte la puissance d'émission de chaque émetteur en fonction du résultat de cette comparaison.According to an advantageous embodiment, the intensities received by each receiver are compared with a lower threshold value and with an upper threshold value, and the transmission power of each transmitter is adapted as a function of the result of this comparison.
Selon une première forme de réalisation, l'on mesure l'intensité reçue par deux récepteurs disposés à deux extrémités opposées d'un même élément tubulaire déformable et l'on détermine au moins un endroit où l'élément tubulaire est déformé en comparant les intensités reçues par chacun desdits récepteurs.According to a first embodiment, the intensity received by two receivers arranged at two opposite ends of the same deformable tubular element is measured and at least one location is determined where the element tubular is deformed by comparing the intensities received by each of said receivers.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le procédé comporte une étape consistant à transformer le résultat de l'étape de comparaison des intensités de chacun des récepteurs en un signal analogique, et à commander ledit organe en fonction de ce signal analogique.According to an advantageous embodiment, the method comprises a step consisting in transforming the result of the step of comparing the intensities of each of the receivers into an analog signal, and in controlling said member as a function of this analog signal.
De façon avantageuse, au moins un paramètre dudit organe est commandé en fonction du signal analogique généré dans ladite étape de comparaison, ledit paramètre étant de préférence choisi parmi une vitesse, une distance ou une valeur.Advantageously, at least one parameter of said member is controlled as a function of the analog signal generated in said comparison step, said parameter preferably being chosen from a speed, a distance or a value.
Les buts de l'invention sont également atteints par un procédé tel que défini ci-dessus, et caractérisé qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à émettre, au moyen de deux émetteurs d'ondes, des ondes dans deux éléments tubulaires déformables, mesurer l'intensité du rayonnement reçu par deux récepteurs et transmis depuis les émetteurs par les éléments tubulaires, déterminer une différence entre les intensités reçues par les deux récepteurs, et commander ledit organe en fonction de la différence entre les intensités reçues.The aims of the invention are also achieved by a method as defined above, and characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in transmitting, by means of two wave transmitters, waves in two deformable tubular elements, measuring the intensity of the radiation received by two receivers and transmitted from the transmitters by the tubular elements, determining a difference between the intensities received by the two receivers, and controlling said member as a function of the difference between the intensities received.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'on associe une action de l'organe à différentes positions de déformation.According to a preferred embodiment, an action of the member is associated with different deformation positions.
Dans une variante du procédé de l'invention, l'on mesure la durée s'ecoulant entre deux déformations successives de l'élément tubulaire déformable.In a variant of the method of the invention, the time elapsing between two successive deformations of the deformable tubular element is measured.
BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La présente invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris en référence aux dessins annexés de différents modes de réalisation de l'invention dans lesquels: - la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif selon la présente invention;The present invention and its advantages will be better understood with reference to the appended drawings of different embodiments of the invention in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a device according to the present invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel le dispositif n'est pas actionné;- Figure 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the invention, in which the device is not actuated;
- la figure 3 représente le dispositif de la figure 2, en position actionnée;- Figure 3 shows the device of Figure 2, in the actuated position;
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne ll-ll de la figure 2;- Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line II-II of Figure 2;
- la figure 5 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne lll-lll de la figure 3;- Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line III-III of Figure 3;
les figures 6A, 6B et 6C sont des vues schématiques d'un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans trois positions différentes;Figures 6A, 6B and 6C are schematic views of a third embodiment of the invention, in three different positions;
la figure 7 est une vue schématique représentant le procédé de contrôle des émetteurs et des détecteurs du dispositif selon l'invention;FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the method for controlling the transmitters and detectors of the device according to the invention;
- la figure 8 est une vue similaire à la figure 7 permettant la mesure de distance en deux points; et- Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7 for measuring the distance at two points; and
- les figures 9 et 10 sont des vues de deux applications du dispositif selon l'invention.- Figures 9 and 10 are views of two applications of the device according to the invention.
MANIERES DE REALISER L'INVENTIONWAYS TO IMPLEMENT THE INVENTION
La figure 1 illustre un dispositif 10 selon l'invention, tel qu'il pourrait être monté sur une porte d'ascenseur, de bus 11 ou de métro par exemple. Ce dispositif comporte sur chaque porte, un émetteur d'ondes 12 qui peuvent notamment être des ondes électromagnétiques telles que de la lumière visible. Une source de lumière laser peut avantageusement être utilisée. Le dispositif comporte en outre également sur chaque porte, un récepteur 13 sensible aux ondes de l'émetteur et un élément tubulaire 14 déformable reliant l'émetteur au récepteur. Cet élément tubulaire comporte une couche intérieure partiellement réfléchissante et partiellement absorbante.Figure 1 illustrates a device 10 according to the invention, as it could be mounted on an elevator door, bus 11 or metro for example. This device comprises on each door, a transmitter of waves 12 which may in particular be electromagnetic waves such as visible light. A laser light source can advantageously be used. The the device also further comprises on each door, a receiver 13 sensitive to the waves of the transmitter and a deformable tubular element 14 connecting the transmitter to the receiver. This tubular element has a partially reflective and partially absorbent inner layer.
Finalement, le dispositif comporte en outre des moyens 15 de mesure des variations d'intensité des ondes reçues par le récepteur, et des moyens 16 pour commander un actionneur 17 en fonction des variations d'intensité.Finally, the device further comprises means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity of the waves received by the receiver, and means 16 for controlling an actuator 17 as a function of the variations in intensity.
Le dispositif tel que décrit en référence à cette figure fonctionne de la façon suivante. Lorsque l'élément tubulaire 14 n'est pas déformé, l'émetteur 12 émet des ondes électromagnétiques ou un rayonnement dont une certaine quantité est reçue par le récepteur 13 et dont une autre quantité est absorbée par l'élément tubulaire. Cette quantité reçue, nommée intensité standard, dépend essentiellement de la réflexion de la couche intérieure du tube et de l'intensité du rayonnement émis par l'émetteur. Elle est donc connue.The device as described with reference to this figure operates as follows. When the tubular element 14 is not deformed, the transmitter 12 emits electromagnetic waves or radiation, a certain amount of which is received by the receiver 13 and a further amount of which is absorbed by the tubular element. This quantity received, called standard intensity, essentially depends on the reflection of the inner layer of the tube and the intensity of the radiation emitted by the emitter. It is therefore known.
Lorsque l'élément tubulaire 14 est déformé, par exemple lorsqu'une personne ou un objet est coincé dans la porte, l'intensité du rayonnement reçue par le récepteur 13 est différente de l'intensité standard connue, reçue en l'absence de déformation de l'élément tubulaire. Ceci est dû au fait que la couche intérieure du tube est partiellement réfléchissante et donc partiellement absorbante. Une certaine quantité de rayonnement est donc absorbée par l'élément tubulaire à cause de sa déformation. Cette modification de l'intensité reçue est détectée par les moyens 15 de mesure des variations d'intensité des ondes électromagnétiques.When the tubular element 14 is deformed, for example when a person or an object is trapped in the door, the intensity of the radiation received by the receiver 13 is different from the known standard intensity, received in the absence of deformation of the tubular element. This is due to the fact that the inner layer of the tube is partially reflective and therefore partially absorbent. A certain amount of radiation is therefore absorbed by the tubular element because of its deformation. This change in the intensity received is detected by the means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity of the electromagnetic waves.
La diminution de l'intensité du rayonnement reçue par le récepteur est interprétée par le dispositif comme un fonctionnement anormal qui requiert l'ouverture de la porte. Un ordre est donc émis vers l'actionneur 17, sous forme d'un signal logique, par lesdits moyens 16 pour commander l'actionneur, de façon à entraîner l'ouverture de la porte. Un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention est illustré par les figures 2 à 5. Ce mode de réalisation convient notamment pour commander le déplacement d'un chariot sur des rails, par exemple dans le cas d'une machine-outil, bien que cette application ne soit pas la seule envisageable.The decrease in the intensity of the radiation received by the receiver is interpreted by the device as an abnormal operation which requires the opening of the door. An order is therefore sent to the actuator 17, in the form of a logic signal, by said means 16 for controlling the actuator, so as to cause the door to open. Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figures 2 to 5. This embodiment is particularly suitable for controlling the movement of a carriage on rails, for example in the case of a machine tool, although this application is not the only one possible.
Ce dispositif 20 comprend essentiellement deux émetteurs 22, 22' et deux récepteurs 23, 23' reliés par deux éléments tubulaires 24, 24' déformables, disposés sensiblement parallèlement l'un à l'autre. Comme cela est visible en particulier sur les figures 4 et 5, les deux éléments tubulaires peuvent être maintenus sur un profil support 25 réalisé par exemple en métal.This device 20 essentially comprises two transmitters 22, 22 'and two receivers 23, 23' connected by two deformable tubular elements 24, 24 ', arranged substantially parallel to one another. As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 4 and 5, the two tubular elements can be held on a support profile 25 made for example of metal.
Comme précédemment, chaque récepteur 23, 23' reçoit une quantité de rayonnement qui dépend de la quantité de rayonnement émise, de l'absorption ou de la réflexion à l'intérieur de l'élément tubulaire 24, 24' et de la déformation de cet élément tubulaire. En l'absence de déformation, la quantité reçue par chaque récepteur est connue. Lorsque l'un des éléments tubulaires est déformé, la quantité de rayonnement reçue par chaque récepteur est inférieure à cette quantité connue.As before, each receiver 23, 23 'receives an amount of radiation which depends on the amount of radiation emitted, on the absorption or the reflection inside the tubular element 24, 24' and on the deformation of this tubular element. In the absence of deformation, the quantity received by each receiver is known. When one of the tubular elements is deformed, the amount of radiation received by each receiver is less than this known amount.
Les moyens 15 de mesure des variations d'intensité sont utilisés pour mesurer de façon précise, la quantité de rayonnement reçue par chaque récepteur. Il est alors possible de commander par exemple la vitesse ou la distance du déplacement du chariot en fonction de la quantité de rayonnement reçue ou en fonction de la différence entre la quantité reçue en l'absence de déformation et la quantité reçue avec déformation.The means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity are used to precisely measure the amount of radiation received by each receiver. It is then possible to control for example the speed or the distance of movement of the carriage as a function of the quantity of radiation received or as a function of the difference between the quantity received in the absence of deformation and the quantity received with deformation.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation, l'élément tubulaire supérieur 24 peut être utilisé pour faire avancer le chariot, alors que l'élément tubulaire inférieur 24' peut être utilisé pour le faire reculer. Il est également possible d'utiliser l'élément tubulaire supérieur pour le déplacement et l'élément tubulaire inférieur pour l'arrêt. Dans ce mode de réalisation, une mesure différentielle entre l'intensité reçue par les récepteurs 23, 23' des deux éléments tubulaires permet également de différencier une déformation volontaire de l'un des éléments tubulaires 24, 24', d'une déformation du profil support 25 par exemple. En effet, une déformation du profil aura le même effet sur les deux éléments tubulaires. La diminution du rayonnement reçu par les récepteurs, due à la déformation du profil support sera sensiblement identique pour chaque récepteur. Les moyens 15 de mesure des variations d'intensités n'interpréteront pas ces variations comme un ordre de déplacer l'actionneur. Une déformation destinée au déplacement du chariot n'agira que sur l'un des deux éléments tubulaires. La diminution du rayonnement reçu par les deux récepteurs sera différente et les moyens 15 de mesure des variations d'intensités interpréteront cette différence comme un ordre de déplacer l'actionneur.In the exemplary embodiment, the upper tubular element 24 can be used to advance the carriage, while the lower tubular element 24 'can be used to reverse it. It is also possible to use the upper tubular element for movement and the lower tubular element for stopping. In this embodiment, a differential measurement between the intensity received by the receivers 23, 23 'of the two tubular elements also makes it possible to differentiate a voluntary deformation of one of the tubular elements 24, 24', from a deformation of the profile. support 25 for example. Indeed, a deformation of the profile will have the same effect on the two tubular elements. The decrease in radiation received by the receivers, due to the deformation of the support profile will be substantially identical for each receiver. The means 15 for measuring the variations in intensity will not interpret these variations as an order to move the actuator. A deformation intended for the movement of the carriage will act only on one of the two tubular elements. The reduction in the radiation received by the two receivers will be different and the means 15 for measuring variations in intensity will interpret this difference as an order to move the actuator.
Les figures 6A, 6B et 6C illustrent une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention dans laquelle il est possible de déterminer l'endroit où un élément tubulaire 30 est déformé. La figure 6A illustre cette réalisation sans déformation, la figure 6B l'illustre avec une déformation située sensiblement au milieu de la longueur de l'élément tubulaire. Dans la figure 6C, la déformation est proche de l'une des extrémités de l'élément tubulaire.FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C illustrate a particular embodiment of the invention in which it is possible to determine the place where a tubular element 30 is deformed. FIG. 6A illustrates this embodiment without deformation, FIG. 6B illustrates it with a deformation situated substantially in the middle of the length of the tubular element. In FIG. 6C, the deformation is close to one of the ends of the tubular element.
Le dispositif des figures 6A à 6C comporte un émetteur 31 placé à une extrémité de l'élément tubulaire 30, un premier récepteur 32 placé à l'autre extrémité de l'élément tubulaire et un deuxième récepteur 33 placé à côté de l'émetteur 31.The device of FIGS. 6A to 6C comprises a transmitter 31 placed at one end of the tubular element 30, a first receiver 32 placed at the other end of the tubular element and a second receiver 33 placed next to the transmitter 31 .
Dans ce mode de réalisation, on mesure d'une part l'intensité du rayonnement reçu par le premier récepteur 32, et d'autre part, l'intensité reçue par le deuxième récepteur 33. L'intensité émise par l'émetteur 31 est fixe et connue. Cette intensité est représentée schematiquement par la hauteur 34 d'une zone hachurée ayant la référence 35 sur les figures 6A à 6C, à proximité de l'émetteur 31. En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 6A, qui illustre l'élément tubulaire 30 non déformé, une partie du rayonnement est absorbée le long de cet élément tubulaire. Cette partie absorbée est représentée schematiquement par la diminution de la hauteur des zones hachurées 35 dans le sens de déplacement de faisceau d'ondes.In this embodiment, the intensity of the radiation received by the first receiver 32 is measured on the one hand, and the intensity received by the second receiver 33 on the other hand. The intensity emitted by the emitter 31 is fixed and known. This intensity is represented diagrammatically by the height 34 of a hatched area having the reference 35 in FIGS. 6A to 6C, near the emitter 31. With particular reference to the FIG. 6A, which illustrates the non-deformed tubular element 30, part of the radiation is absorbed along this tubular element. This absorbed part is represented schematically by the reduction in the height of the hatched areas 35 in the direction of movement of the wave beam.
Une partie de l'intensité totale du rayonnement émis par l'émetteur 31 est transmise au premier récepteur 32. Le reste du rayonnement est absorbé par l'élément tubulaire. La partie de l'intensité reçue par le récepteur 32 est représentée schematiquement par la hauteur 36 de la zone hachurée 35, à proximité du récepteur 32. L'intensité du rayonnement reçue par le deuxième récepteur 33 est pratiquement nulle.Part of the total intensity of the radiation emitted by the emitter 31 is transmitted to the first receiver 32. The rest of the radiation is absorbed by the tubular element. The part of the intensity received by the receiver 32 is represented schematically by the height 36 of the hatched area 35, near the receiver 32. The intensity of the radiation received by the second receiver 33 is practically zero.
Comme cela est représenté par les figures 6B et 6C, lorsque l'élément tubulaire 30 est déformé, une partie du rayonnement de l'émetteur, représentée par une zone hachurée 37, est transmise vers le premier récepteur 32 et une partie, représentée par une zone hachurée 38, est réfléchie vers le deuxième récepteur 33 par la déformation de l'élément tubulaire.As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, when the tubular element 30 is deformed, part of the radiation from the emitter, represented by a hatched area 37, is transmitted to the first receiver 32 and part, represented by a hatched area 38 is reflected towards the second receiver 33 by the deformation of the tubular element.
Dans le cas illustré par la figure 6B, l'intensité totale arrivant au point 39 où l'élément tubulaire est déformé est séparé en une partie transmise 37 et une partie réfléchie 38. Le premier récepteur 32 reçoit la partie transmise moins la partie absorbée le long du parcours effectué depuis le point de déformation 39 de l'élément tubulaire jusqu'au récepteur 32. Le deuxième récepteur 33 reçoit la partie réfléchie 38 moins la partie absorbée le long du parcours effectué depuis le point de déformation 39 jusqu'au récepteur 33. La figure 6C illustre également cette répartition des rayonnements, dans le cas où le point de déformation 39 est proche du deuxième récepteur 33.In the case illustrated by FIG. 6B, the total intensity arriving at point 39 where the tubular element is deformed is separated into a transmitted part 37 and a reflected part 38. The first receiver 32 receives the transmitted part minus the absorbed part the along the path taken from the deformation point 39 of the tubular element to the receiver 32. The second receiver 33 receives the reflected part 38 minus the absorbed part along the path taken from the deformation point 39 to the receiver 33 FIG. 6C also illustrates this distribution of the radiations, in the case where the deformation point 39 is close to the second receiver 33.
La grandeur 40 de la partie réfléchie 38 avant d'arriver au deuxième récepteur 33 dépend directement de la distance parcourue par le rayonnement dans l'élément tubulaire avant d'être réfléchie vers le deuxième récepteur.The quantity 40 of the reflected part 38 before arriving at the second receiver 33 depends directly on the distance traveled by the radiation in the tubular element before being reflected towards the second receiver.
Ainsi, en connaissant l'intensité du rayonnement émis par l'émetteur 31 et les intensités reçues par chacun des deux récepteurs 32 et 33, il est possible de déterminer, par une mesure différentielle des intensités, à quel endroit, l'élément tubulaire a été déformé. En effet, la quantité totale de rayonnement reçue par les deux récepteurs dépend uniquement de la "quantité" de déformation de l'élément tubulaire 30, en admettant que la quantité de rayonnement émise par l'émetteur est constante et connue. En connaissant cette quantité totale, il est possible de déterminer l'influence de la déformation.Thus, by knowing the intensity of the radiation emitted by the emitter 31 and the intensities received by each of the two receivers 32 and 33, it is possible to determine, by a differential measurement of the intensities, where the tubular element has been distorted. Indeed, the total amount of radiation received by the two receivers depends only on the "amount" of deformation of the tubular element 30, assuming that the amount of radiation emitted by the emitter is constant and known. By knowing this total quantity, it is possible to determine the influence of the deformation.
Comme cela peut aisément être compris à partir des figures 6B et 6C, plus le point de déformation 39 de l'élément tubulaire est proche du premier récepteur 32, plus la quantité de rayonnement reçue par ce récepteur 32, pour une déformation donnée, sera grande, et plus la quantité de rayonnement reçue par le deuxième récepteur 33 sera faible.As can easily be understood from FIGS. 6B and 6C, the closer the deformation point 39 of the tubular element to the first receiver 32, the greater the amount of radiation received by this receiver 32, for a given deformation. , and the lower the amount of radiation received by the second receiver 33.
Ainsi, en connaissant la quantité de rayonnement reçue individuellement par chacun des récepteurs, il est possible d'en déduire l'endroit où l'élément tubulaire est déformé. La déformation peut par exemple être produite par une roue 41 d'un chariot 42 de machine-outil ou d'un autre élément mobile. Elle peut également être produite par un élément coulissant ou roulant lié à un rail, ce qui permet par exemple la réalisation d'un potentiomètre.Thus, by knowing the quantity of radiation received individually by each of the receivers, it is possible to deduce therefrom the place where the tubular element is deformed. The deformation can for example be produced by a wheel 41 of a carriage 42 of a machine tool or of another mobile element. It can also be produced by a sliding or rolling element linked to a rail, which allows for example the production of a potentiometer.
Ce mode de réalisation selon les figures 6A à 6C est particulièrement intéressant dans le cas où un élément mobile doit être déplacé dans différentes positions données. Il est possible de presser un élément tubulaire à un endroit donné pour amener l'élément mobile à un endroit correspondant. Ainsi, en disposant par exemple d'un plan ou d'une maquette d'un parcours, l'élément mobile peut être amené à l'endroit voulu du parcours. La figure 7 illustre un mode de réalisation du dispositif formé de deux éléments tubulaires 24, 24', dans lequel chaque élément tubulaire comporte, à chaque extrémité, un émetteur 22, resp. 22' et un récepteur 23, resp. 23'.This embodiment according to FIGS. 6A to 6C is particularly advantageous in the case where a mobile element has to be moved into different given positions. It is possible to press a tubular element at a given location to bring the movable element to a corresponding location. Thus, by having for example a plan or a model of a route, the mobile element can be brought to the desired location of the route. FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of the device formed by two tubular elements 24, 24 ', in which each tubular element comprises, at each end, a transmitter 22, resp. 22 'and a receiver 23, resp. 23 '.
L'intensité lumineuse reçue par chacun des récepteurs est additionnée dans un dispositif de calcul 50 faisant partie des moyens 15 de mesure des intensités reçues par les récepteurs, puis cette intensité est comparée, au moyen d'un comparateur 51 , à deux valeurs de seuil, une valeur supérieure et une valeur inférieure. Si cette intensité est inférieure à la valeur de seuil inférieure, la puissance d'émission des émetteurs 22, 22' est augmentée jusqu'à ce que l'intensité mesurée soit supérieure à la valeur de seuil inférieure. Inversement, si l'intensité est supérieure à la valeur de seuil supérieure, la puissance d'émission est diminuée jusqu'à ce que l'intensité soit inférieure à la valeur de seuil supérieure.The light intensity received by each of the receivers is added in a calculating device 50 forming part of the means 15 for measuring the intensities received by the receivers, then this intensity is compared, by means of a comparator 51, to two threshold values , a higher value and a lower value. If this intensity is less than the lower threshold value, the transmission power of the transmitters 22, 22 ′ is increased until the measured intensity is greater than the lower threshold value. Conversely, if the intensity is greater than the upper threshold value, the transmission power is reduced until the intensity is less than the upper threshold value.
Lorsque l'intensité est comprise entre les deux valeurs de seuil, des moyens de traitement de signaux 52 déterminent le quotient entre la différence des intensités des récepteurs, déterminée par un dispositif de calcul 50' faisant également partie des moyens 15 de mesure des intensités reçues par les récepteurs, et leur somme déterminée par le dispositif de calcul 50. En fonction de la valeur de ce quotient, une action peut être entreprise.When the intensity is between the two threshold values, signal processing means 52 determine the quotient between the difference of the intensities of the receivers, determined by a calculating device 50 'also forming part of the means 15 for measuring the intensities received. by the receivers, and their sum determined by the calculation device 50. Depending on the value of this quotient, an action can be taken.
Ce mode de travail offre différents avantages. D'une part, il permet de toujours travailler dans la zone de sensibilité optimale des récepteurs. Il permet également d'éliminer les erreurs systématiques dues par exemple à la lumière extérieure, aux variations de température, au vieillissement des composants, etc.This way of working offers various advantages. On the one hand, it allows you to always work in the zone of optimal sensitivity of the receptors. It also makes it possible to eliminate systematic errors due for example to external light, temperature variations, aging of the components, etc.
La figure 8 illustre un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif formé d'un seul élément tubulaire 30, dans lequel il est possible de détecter deux pressions sur cet élément tubulaire 30, et de déterminer l'endroit où ces pressions sont effectuées. A cet effet, chaque extrémité de l'élément tubulaire comporte un émetteur 22, 22' et un récepteur 23, 23'.FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a device formed from a single tubular element 30, in which it is possible to detect two pressures on this tubular element 30, and to determine the place where these pressures are performed. For this purpose, each end of the tubular element comprises a transmitter 22, 22 'and a receiver 23, 23'.
Comme dans le mode de réalisation décrit en référence à la figure 6, l'intensité lumineuse émise par l'un des émetteurs, par exemple l'émetteur 22, est mesurée par chacun des récepteurs 23, 23'. La somme des intensités est introduite dans un dispositif de calcul 50, puis la puissance de l'émetteur 22 est adaptée de façon que cette somme soit comprise entre deux valeurs de seuil. Comme dans le cas de la figure 6, la mesure différentielle de l'intensité reçue par chacun des récepteurs 23, 23' permet de déterminer la position dans laquelle une déformation est produite.As in the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 6, the light intensity emitted by one of the emitters, for example the emitter 22, is measured by each of the receivers 23, 23 '. The sum of the intensities is introduced into a calculation device 50, then the power of the transmitter 22 is adapted so that this sum is between two threshold values. As in the case of FIG. 6, the differential measurement of the intensity received by each of the receivers 23, 23 ′ makes it possible to determine the position in which a deformation is produced.
En utilisant l'autre émetteur, c'est-à-dire l'émetteur 22' et les deux récepteurs 23, 23', il est également possible de mesurer la position d'une déformation de l'élément tubulaire 30. En connaissant la distance séparant les deux émetteurs 22, 22' opposés, il est possible d'une part de déterminer si l'élément tubulaire est déformé en un ou en deux endroits et d'autre part, de mesurer avec précision où se trouve(nt) cette ou ces déformation(s). De cette façon, il est possible d'initier deux fonctions, dépendant de la position des déformations.By using the other transmitter, that is to say the transmitter 22 'and the two receivers 23, 23', it is also possible to measure the position of a deformation of the tubular element 30. By knowing the distance separating the two opposite transmitters 22, 22 ′, it is possible on the one hand to determine if the tubular element is deformed in one or in two places and on the other hand, to measure with precision where is (are) this or these deformation (s). In this way, it is possible to initiate two functions, depending on the position of the deformations.
La figure 9 illustre une application particulière utilisant le mode de réalisation de la figure 8. Ce dispositif comporte un élément tubulaire 30 à chaque extrémité duquel sont disposés un émetteur 22, 22' et un récepteur 23, 23'. Cet élément tubulaire est recouvert d'une plaque perforée 60, chaque perforation permettant d'accéder par exemple à une fonction différente. L'indication des fonctions peut par exemple être gravée sur la plaque. Cette réalisation permet d'obtenir un "multi-interrupteur" particulièrement fiable puisqu'il ne comporte aucune partie mécanique. En cas de panne, les émetteurs et récepteurs peuvent être aisément remplacés puisqu'ils sont formés d'éléments standards, tout comme l'élément tubulaire. En outre, ce "multi-interrupteur" ne comporte pas de câbles d'alimentation électrique à moyenne tension, de façon qu'il peut être utilisé dans un milieu explosif, chimiquement agressif ou même sous-marin.FIG. 9 illustrates a particular application using the embodiment of FIG. 8. This device comprises a tubular element 30 at each end of which are arranged a transmitter 22, 22 'and a receiver 23, 23'. This tubular element is covered with a perforated plate 60, each perforation making it possible, for example, to access a different function. The indication of the functions can for example be engraved on the plate. This embodiment makes it possible to obtain a particularly reliable "multi-switch" since it has no mechanical part. In the event of a breakdown, the transmitters and receivers can be easily replaced since they are made up of standard elements, just like the tubular element. In addition, this "multi-switch" does not include medium voltage power cables, so that it can be used in an explosive, chemically aggressive or even underwater environment.
La figure 10 est un autre exemple d'application du dispositif selon l'invention. Ce dispositif comporte un élément tubulaire 30 ayant à chaque extrémité, un émetteur 22, 22' et un récepteur 23, 23'. Il est relié à un compteur 70 et permet par exemple d'effectuer des statistiques routières. A cet effet, il est placé en travers d'une route de façon non perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de cette route.FIG. 10 is another example of application of the device according to the invention. This device comprises a tubular element 30 having at each end, a transmitter 22, 22 'and a receiver 23, 23'. It is connected to a counter 70 and allows for example to carry out road statistics. For this purpose, it is placed across a road not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of this road.
Lorsqu'un véhicule 71 déforme l'élément tubulaire 30, la position des déformations est mesurée, de même que la distance x entre deux déformations. Il est ainsi possible de déterminer si le véhicule est un cycle, une voiture ou un camion en déterminant la distance x qui correspond à sa largeur.When a vehicle 71 deforms the tubular element 30, the position of the deformations is measured, as well as the distance x between two deformations. It is thus possible to determine whether the vehicle is a cycle, a car or a truck by determining the distance x which corresponds to its width.
De même, dans le cas d'une voiture ou d'un camion, en mesurant le temps t nécessaire pour que les deux roues du même essieu déforment le tube, il est possible de déterminer la vitesse du véhicule.Similarly, in the case of a car or a truck, by measuring the time t necessary for the two wheels of the same axle to deform the tube, it is possible to determine the speed of the vehicle.
Le dispositif selon la présente invention présente de nombreux avantages par rapport aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur. Les émetteurs utilisés peuvent être formés par exemple de diodes laser qui ont un coût de fabrication très faible.The device according to the present invention has many advantages over the devices of the prior art. The emitters used can be formed for example of laser diodes which have a very low manufacturing cost.
Les éléments tubulaires peuvent être des tubes de caoutchouc standard disponibles dans le commerce, ne nécessitant aucun traitement ultérieur. Ils sont donc particulièrement bon marché.The tubular elements can be commercially available standard rubber tubes, requiring no further processing. They are therefore particularly inexpensive.
Par le principe de fonctionnement du dispositif, celui-ci peut être utilisé même si l'élément tubulaire est partiellement détérioré. De plus, étant donné qu'il n'y a pas de contact électrique au niveau du tube, il n'y a pas d'étincelles. Ce dispositif peut donc être utilisé dans un environnement présentant un risque d'explosion ou un autre environnement agressif.By the operating principle of the device, it can be used even if the tubular element is partially damaged. In addition, since there is no electrical contact at the tube, there are no sparks. This the device can therefore be used in an environment presenting a risk of explosion or another aggressive environment.
La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisations illustrés, mais s'étend à toute modification ou variante évidente pour l'homme du métier. En particulier, ce dispositif peut notamment être utilisé pour commander des portes, des fenêtres, des stores, des tableaux noirs, des chariots de machines-outils, des chariots de manutention, etc..The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but extends to any modification or variant obvious to those skilled in the art. In particular, this device can in particular be used to control doors, windows, blinds, blackboards, trolleys of machine tools, handling trolleys, etc.
Dans le cas de l'utilisation d'un signal logique pour commander l'actionneur, celui-ci pourrait avoir par exemple deux états logiques correspondants respectivement à l'ouverture ou à la fermeture d'une porte. Il pourrait également avoir trois états logiques correspondants au déplacement vers l'avant, à l'arrêt et au déplacement vers l'arrière. De façon plus générale, il pourrait avoir un nombre d'états logiques correspondants à un nombre prédéterminé d'actions ou de positions de l'actionneur, comme cela peut par exemple être le cas dans un "multi-interrupteur" selon la figure 9.In the case of the use of a logic signal to control the actuator, this could for example have two logic states corresponding respectively to the opening or closing of a door. It could also have three logical states corresponding to moving forward, stopped and moving back. More generally, it could have a number of logic states corresponding to a predetermined number of actions or positions of the actuator, as may for example be the case in a "multi-switch" according to FIG. 9.
Les modes de réalisation décrits comportent un ou deux éléments tubulaires. II est clair qu'un nombre illimité d'éléments tubulaires pourrait être utilisés si différentes fonctions devaient être accessibles. A titre d'exemple, un élément pourrait être dédié à une avance à vitesse lente, un autre à une avance à vitesse rapide, un troisième à un recul à vitesse lente, un quatrième, à un recul à vitesse rapide et finalement un cinquième, à l'arrêt du déplacement.The embodiments described comprise one or two tubular elements. It is clear that an unlimited number of tubular elements could be used if different functions were to be accessible. For example, one element could be dedicated to a slow speed advance, another to a fast speed advance, a third to a slow speed reverse, a fourth, to a fast speed reverse and finally a fifth, when the movement stops.
Dans le cas où le dispositif est utilisé pour commander le déplacement dans une position donnée d'un élément mobile, il est possible d'utiliser un réseau d'éléments tubulaires.In the case where the device is used to control the movement in a given position of a mobile element, it is possible to use an array of tubular elements.
Finalement, les ondes utilisées dans les modes de réalisation décrits sont des ondes électromagnétiques. Toutefois, d'autres types d'ondes, telles que des ondes de pression notamment, pourraient également être utilisées. Les modes de réalisation décrits utilisent tous la mesure de l'intensité reçue par chacun des récepteurs. Il est également possible de mesurer d'autres paramètres du faisceau lumineux, notamment le temps de transmission et/ou la forme d'une impulsion.Finally, the waves used in the embodiments described are electromagnetic waves. However, other types of waves, such as pressure waves in particular, could also be used. The The embodiments described all use the measurement of the intensity received by each of the receivers. It is also possible to measure other parameters of the light beam, in particular the transmission time and / or the shape of a pulse.
Le type d'organe utilisé, notamment le choix d'un moteur, d'un vérin ou d'un compteur, dépend de l'application du dispositif de l'invention. The type of member used, in particular the choice of a motor, a jack or a meter, depends on the application of the device of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de contrôle et/ou de commande d'au moins un organe, tel que notamment un moteur, un vérin ou un compteur, comportant au moins un élément tubulaire (14, 24, 24', 30) déformable ayant à une extrémité, au moins un émetteur (12, 22, 22', 31) et à une autre extrémité, au moins un récepteur (13, 23, 23', 32, 33), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un deuxième récepteur, des moyens (15) de mesure des intensités reçues par chacun des récepteurs et des moyens (16) pour commander ledit organe en fonction des intensités reçues déterminées par les moyens de mesure (15).1. Device for monitoring and / or controlling at least one member, such as in particular a motor, a jack or a meter, comprising at least one deformable tubular element (14, 24, 24 ', 30) having at one end , at least one transmitter (12, 22, 22 ', 31) and at another end, at least one receiver (13, 23, 23', 32, 33), characterized in that it comprises at least a second receiver , means (15) for measuring the intensities received by each of the receivers and means (16) for controlling said member as a function of the intensities received determined by the measuring means (15).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un élément tubulaire (30) déformable et en ce que les deux récepteurs (23, 23', 32, 33) sont disposés à deux extrémités opposées de cet élément tubulaire déformable.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a deformable tubular element (30) and in that the two receivers (23, 23 ', 32, 33) are arranged at two opposite ends of this deformable tubular element .
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux éléments tubulaires (14, 24, 24') déformables et en ce que les deux récepteurs (13, 23, 23') sont disposés chacun à une extrémité d'un élément tubulaire déformable différent.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two tubular elements (14, 24, 24 ') deformable and in that the two receivers (13, 23, 23') are each arranged at one end of a different deformable tubular element.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour commander la puissance émise par chaque émetteur (22, 22') en fonction de la puissance mesurée par lesdits moyens de mesure (15).4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for controlling the power emitted by each transmitter (22, 22 ') as a function of the power measured by said measuring means (15).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un élément tubulaire (30) déformable et un émetteur (22, 22') et un récepteur (23, 23') à chaque extrémité de cet élément tubulaire déformable.5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a tubular element (30) deformable and a transmitter (22, 22 ') and a receiver (23, 23') at each end of this deformable tubular element.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de calcul (50, 50') agencé pour traiter les signaux des moyens de mesure (15). 6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a calculating device (50, 50 ') arranged to process the signals of the measuring means (15).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commande (16) sont agencés pour commander au moins un paramètre dudit organe.7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control means (16) are arranged to control at least one parameter of said member.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit paramètre est choisi parmi la vitesse, la position la durée ou la valeur.8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said parameter is chosen from speed, position, duration or value.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un réseau d'éléments tubulaires (14, 24, 24', 30), chacun de ces éléments coopérant avec au moins un émetteur d'ondes (12, 22, 22', 31) et au moins un récepteur d'ondes (13, 23, 23', 32, 33).9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a network of tubular elements (14, 24, 24 ', 30), each of these elements cooperating with at least one wave emitter (12, 22, 22 ', 31) and at least one wave receiver (13, 23, 23', 32, 33).
10. Interrupteur caractérisée en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif (10, 20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.10. Switch characterized in that it comprises a device (10, 20) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. Potentiomètre caractérisée en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif (10, 20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9.11. Potentiometer characterized in that it comprises a device (10, 20) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
12. Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande d'au moins un organe, tel que notamment un moteur, un vérin ou un compteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à :12. Method for checking and / or ordering at least one member, such as in particular a motor, a jack or a counter, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in:
• émettre au moyen d'au moins un émetteur (12, 22, 22', 31 ), des ondes dans au moins un élément tubulaire déformable (14, 24, 24', 30),• transmit by means of at least one transmitter (12, 22, 22 ', 31), waves in at least one deformable tubular element (14, 24, 24', 30),
• mesurer l'intensité reçue par deux récepteurs (13, 23, 23', 32, 33) distincts,• measure the intensity received by two separate receivers (13, 23, 23 ', 32, 33),
• comparer les intensités reçues par chacun des récepteurs,• compare the intensities received by each of the receivers,
• commander ledit organe en fonction du résultat de la comparaison des intensités reçues par chacun des récepteurs.• controlling said organ according to the result of the comparison of the intensities received by each of the receivers.
13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on compare les intensités reçues par chaque récepteur à une valeur de seuil inférieur et à une valeur de seuil supérieure, et en ce que l'on adapte la puissance d'émission de chaque émetteur (22, 22') en fonction du résultat de cette comparaison.13. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the intensities received by each receiver are compared to a lower threshold value and to an upper threshold value, and in that the transmission power of each transmitter (22, 22 ') is adapted as a function of the result of this comparison.
14. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on mesure l'intensité reçue par deux récepteurs (23, 23') disposés à deux extrémités opposées d'un même élément tubulaire (30) déformable et en ce que l'on détermine au moins un endroit où l'élément tubulaire est déformé en comparant les intensités reçues par chacun desdits récepteurs.14. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the intensity received by two receivers (23, 23 ') arranged at two opposite ends of the same deformable tubular element (30) is measured and in that the at least one location is determined where the tubular element is deformed by comparing the intensities received by each of said receivers.
15. Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une étape consistant à transformer le résultat de l'étape de comparaison des intensités de chacun des récepteurs en un signal analogique, et à commander ledit organe (17) en fonction de ce signal analogique.15. A control and / or command method according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a step consisting in transforming the result of the step of comparing the intensities of each of the receivers into an analog signal, and in controlling said organ (17) as a function of this analog signal.
16. Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un paramètre dudit organe (17) est commandé en fonction du signal analogique généré dans ladite étape de comparaison, et en ce que ledit paramètre est choisi parmi une vitesse, une distance ou une valeur.16. Control and / or command method according to claim 16, characterized in that at least one parameter of said member (17) is controlled as a function of the analog signal generated in said comparison step, and in that said parameter is chosen from a speed, distance or value.
17. Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à : • émettre, au moyen de deux émetteurs d'ondes (22, 22'), des ondes dans deux éléments tubulaires déformables (24, 24'), • mesurer l'intensité du rayonnement reçu par deux récepteurs (23, 23') et transmis depuis les émetteurs (22, 22') par les éléments tubulaires (24,17. Control and / or command method according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in: • transmitting, by means of two wave transmitters (22, 22 '), waves in two elements deformable tubulars (24, 24 '), • measure the intensity of the radiation received by two receivers (23, 23') and transmitted from the transmitters (22, 22 ') by the tubular elements (24,
24'), • déterminer une différence entre les intensités reçues par les deux récepteurs (23, 23'), et • commander ledit organe (17) en fonction de la différence entre les intensités reçues.24 '), • determine a difference between the intensities received by the two receivers (23, 23'), and • controlling said member (17) as a function of the difference between the intensities received.
18. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on associe une action de l'organe à différentes positions de déformation.18. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that an action of the member is associated with different deformation positions.
19. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on mesure la durée (t) s'ecoulant entre deux déformations successives de l'élément tubulaire déformable. 19. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the duration (t) elapsing between two successive deformations of the deformable tubular element is measured.
PCT/CH2000/000306 1999-06-01 2000-05-31 Device and method for controlling and/or driving at least a member such as a motor, an actuator or a meter WO2000073871A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU45330/00A AU4533000A (en) 1999-06-01 2000-05-31 Device and method for controlling and/or driving at least a member such as a motor, an actuator or a meter
EP00926633A EP1188101A1 (en) 1999-06-01 2000-05-31 Device and method for controlling and/or driving at least a member such as a motor, an actuator or a meter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9907117A FR2794540B1 (en) 1999-06-01 1999-06-01 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MONITORING AND / OR CONTROLLING AT LEAST ONE ACTUATOR
FR99/07117 1999-06-01

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WO1979000377A1 (en) * 1977-12-12 1979-06-28 T Litovitz Optical sensing apparatus and method
DE3107847A1 (en) * 1980-03-03 1982-02-11 Metallwerk Max Brose Gmbh & Co, 8630 Coburg Method and device for monitoring the closing process of a window of a motor vehicle or the like
GB2087070A (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-05-19 Standgrove Ltd Safety device
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DE3911070A1 (en) * 1989-04-06 1990-10-11 Hans Gugu Device for automatically interrupting the movement of sliding doors
US5285136A (en) * 1991-08-26 1994-02-08 Stanley Home Automation Continuously monitored supplemental obstruction detector for garage door operator
US5912625A (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-06-15 Scofield; John H. Wave sensor control system

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000377A1 (en) * 1977-12-12 1979-06-28 T Litovitz Optical sensing apparatus and method
DE3107847A1 (en) * 1980-03-03 1982-02-11 Metallwerk Max Brose Gmbh & Co, 8630 Coburg Method and device for monitoring the closing process of a window of a motor vehicle or the like
GB2087070A (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-05-19 Standgrove Ltd Safety device
GB2125572A (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-03-07 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Optical fibre sensors
GB2188719A (en) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-07 Stc Plc Optical fibres
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DE3911070A1 (en) * 1989-04-06 1990-10-11 Hans Gugu Device for automatically interrupting the movement of sliding doors
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FR2794540B1 (en) 2001-08-10
EP1188101A1 (en) 2002-03-20
FR2794540A1 (en) 2000-12-08
AU4533000A (en) 2000-12-18

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