WO2000073002A1 - Process extraction by plasma of junction in obtained pieces by molding powders by injection - Google Patents
Process extraction by plasma of junction in obtained pieces by molding powders by injection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000073002A1 WO2000073002A1 PCT/BR2000/000057 BR0000057W WO0073002A1 WO 2000073002 A1 WO2000073002 A1 WO 2000073002A1 BR 0000057 W BR0000057 W BR 0000057W WO 0073002 A1 WO0073002 A1 WO 0073002A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- junction
- pieces
- plasma
- hydrogen
- extraction
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000802 nitrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/14—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by plasma treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
- B22F3/1025—Removal of binder or filler not by heating only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
Definitions
- thermochemichal process for junction removal of injected pieces by powder metallic and/or ceramic which uses electric discharge in an environment containing hydrogen or other atomic or molecular gas at low pressure to produce reactive species and for the heating of the pieces, causing the junction removal contained inside the pieces in much smaller times than the conventional processes.
- junction extraction used today, besides demanding an excessively long time, they are plenty of pollutes, because they liberate short chains hydrocarbons or they involve its burns, producing residues as, for example, the carbon monoxide.
- the most commonly used junction are mixtures of waxes and other polymeric, as, for example, the polyethylene, the polypropylene and the polyacetate.
- the process of junction extraction by plasma described in this report consists of using the plasma technology to produce, besides the heating of the pieces, reactivate species
- These species reactivate are fundamental for the kinetics increase of the process of junction extraction, doing that the extraction happens in order of 10 times less than in the traditional processes
- the reactivate species are obtained by the electrons collisions of high kinetic discharge, presents in the electric discharge, with molecules of hydrogen
- the presence of these reactivates species is constituted in a fundamental difference between the process object of the patent request and the other processes of junction extraction
- the process of junction extraction by plasma uses electric discharge in environment of low pressure, plasma reactor, which contains a gaseous mixture contending H as main gas
- the process is described in the illustration 1
- the illustration 1 exhibits the simplified outline of the plasma reactor environment, used for the junction extraction, with the pieces (1) to be processed, the support (2) of the pieces (1), the body of the oven (3), the entrance (4) of the gaseous mixture, the vacuum system (5) and the plasma (6)
- the pieces ( 1) to be processed are placed in the support (2)
- the group, support (2) and pieces (1), is involved by the plasma (6), and the group is heated up by the bombing of the ions and atoms or fast molecules or even by heat radiation starting from the cathode of the electric discharge circuit
- the gaseous environment of the oven (3) contains particles as atomic hydrogen or hydrogen molecule, in a high potential energy level, and contains, still, the molecular ion of hydrogen
- the first two reactions presented above constitute the chemical part of the thermalchemical process of removal of the junction, while the third reaction is responsible for the thermal part of the process, once it is responsible for the pieces heating All those are high chemical reactivity particles
- they once in contact with the junction of the injected piece (1), they produce an activated chemical reaction, breaking the carbonic chain of the organic material in a much smaller time than the conventional processes, being obtained as result carbon and volatile hydrogen that are retired of the reactor environment (3) by the vacuum bomb (5)
- other atomic or molecular gases like the oxygen, can also be used to obtain reactivate species
- the same plasma oven used for extraction of the junction may also be used for the pieces sintering injected by plasma This way, after the retreat of the junction by plasma finalization, it is enough to adjust the oven to accomplish the plasma sintering, what consists on changing the gases and the temperature conditions and internal oven pressure As consequence, are obtained the extraction of the junction and the sintering in the same equipment and in a same thermal cycle, with economy of energy, with smaller investment, and in much less time
- the process here described compared to the existent processes, extracts the junction in times up to 10 times less Besides, it is a process much less pollute, because the residues are gaseous components of small carbonic chains and hydrogen
- the process can be monitored and automated, since the retreat of the junction can be controlled by mass spectrometry or optic spectrometry, defining the final point of the process accurately It is possible to execute the retreat of the junction and the plasma sintering in the same reactor (3), allowing the process to take place in a same thermal cycle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Abstract
Process extraction by plasma of junction in obtained pieces for molding of powders for injection is a thermalchemical process accomplished in a plasma reactor, that it uses the electric discharge in gaseous environment of low pressure, which contains hydrogen or other atomic or molecular gas capable to produce reactivates species, which increase significantly the kinetics of removal of the junction of injected pieces. In the case of use a mixture containing hydrogen as main gas, the reactivate species are constituted by atomic hydrogen and by hydrogen molecule in high potential energy state, besides the molecular ion of hydrogen. The pieces (1) to be processed are placed in the support (2) inside the oven (3), where the group is involved by the plasma (6). The gaseous mixture is admitted through (4), being the residues removed through the vacuum bomb (5). In the plasma (6) the reactivate species are formed as described above, which are responsible for the reduction of the necessary time to extract the junction, which is of the order of 10 times less than the necessary time in the main processes today existent. Besides the reduction of the energy consumption and of the present process to be practically non pollute, there are an accentuated increase of the productivity and consequent reduction of the costs of the produced pieces through the technology of powders injection.
Description
PROCESS EXTRACTION BY PLASMA OF JUNCTION IN OBTAINED PIECES BY MOLDING POWDERS BY INJECTION
It is a thermochemichal process for junction removal of injected pieces by powder metallic and/or ceramic, which uses electric discharge in an environment containing hydrogen or other atomic or molecular gas at low pressure to produce reactive species and for the heating of the pieces, causing the junction removal contained inside the pieces in much smaller times than the conventional processes.
The techniques of powder metallurgy come highlighting itself as very efficient under the technological and economically competitive point of view in the production in series of pieces of complex geometry in iron and steel and other metallic leagues. Within these techniques, the injection of metallic and/or ceramic powders with organic junction mixture, in molds, is one of the most promising. Even so, the retreat of these organic junction after the injection, before processing the definitive sintering, is still a limiting factor, because the existent extraction process demand an excessively long processing time, coming close to dozens of hours, reducing the productivity, this way, raising the products price obtained by the technology of molding powders by injection. The processes of junction extraction used today, besides demanding an excessively long time, they are plenty of pollutes, because they liberate short chains hydrocarbons or they involve its burns, producing residues as, for example, the carbon monoxide. The most commonly used junction are mixtures of waxes and other polymeric, as, for example, the polyethylene, the polypropylene and the polyacetate.
In the process of junction extraction by plasma, object of this patent request, there is an elimination much less of gases, which they are formed essentially by long chains hydrocarbons gases, predominantly methane, without any oxygen burns, avoiding liberation of carbon monoxide
Processes where the plasma technology is used now include nitrating, carbonitratring, sementation, oxidation, sintering, among others The piece heating happens by the ions bombing on the cathode The cathode acts as the piece support, the piece is bombarded together with the cathode and consequently it becomes warm The pieces heating happens because the electric discharge of the cathode is tied up the negative voltage of the source of high tension, the ions are strongly accelerated in the electric field cathode sheath in direction to the cathode, if they collide with the cathode, they heat up it The sintering process by plasma described in to PI 9603488-2 it is an example
The process of junction extraction by plasma described in this report consists of using the plasma technology to produce, besides the heating of the pieces, reactivate species These species reactivate are fundamental for the kinetics increase of the process of junction extraction, doing that the extraction happens in order of 10 times less than in the traditional processes The reactivate species are obtained by the electrons collisions of high kinetic discharge, presents in the electric discharge, with molecules of hydrogen The presence of these reactivates species is constituted in a fundamental difference between the process object of the patent request and the other processes of junction extraction
The process of junction extraction by plasma uses electric discharge in environment of low pressure, plasma reactor, which contains a gaseous mixture contending H as main gas The process is described in the illustration 1 The illustration 1 exhibits the simplified outline of the plasma reactor environment, used for the junction extraction, with the pieces (1) to be processed, the support (2) of the pieces (1), the body of the oven (3), the entrance (4) of the gaseous mixture, the vacuum system (5) and the plasma (6)
The pieces ( 1) to be processed are placed in the support (2) The group, support (2) and pieces (1), is involved by the plasma (6), and the group is heated up by the bombing
of the ions and atoms or fast molecules or even by heat radiation starting from the cathode of the electric discharge circuit
In the electric discharge, besides the ions and atoms or molecules with high kinetic energy, that are used for the components heating, there are also electrons that are much lighter than the ions and have much highest speeds With that, happen three important reactions to the process of retreat of organic junction in injected pieces e + H2 ■» e + 2H means, a high-speed electron collides with a H2 molecule, producing the molecule dissociation, with kinetic energy loss of the electron The other verified reaction e + H2-» e + H2 * means, a high-speed electron collides with a H molecule, producing the excitement of this molecule, with kinetic energy loss of the electron Another observed reaction is e + H2-»2e + H2 " means, a high-speed electron collides with a H2 molecule, producing a molecular ion of hydrogen, with kinetic energy loss of the electron
As a result of those reactions, the gaseous environment of the oven (3) contains particles as atomic hydrogen or hydrogen molecule, in a high potential energy level, and contains, still, the molecular ion of hydrogen The first two reactions presented above constitute the chemical part of the thermalchemical process of removal of the junction, while the third reaction is responsible for the thermal part of the process, once it is responsible for the pieces heating All those are high chemical reactivity particles Thus, once in contact with the junction of the injected piece (1), they produce an activated chemical reaction, breaking the carbonic chain of the organic material in a much smaller time than the conventional processes, being obtained as result carbon and volatile hydrogen that are retired of the reactor environment (3) by the vacuum bomb (5) It is
important to point out that other atomic or molecular gases, like the oxygen, can also be used to obtain reactivate species
Besides the smallest time for extraction of the junction, of the smallest energy consumption, and of the smallest pollution levels of the process here described, other characteristic is that the same plasma oven used for extraction of the junction may also be used for the pieces sintering injected by plasma This way, after the retreat of the junction by plasma finalization, it is enough to adjust the oven to accomplish the plasma sintering, what consists on changing the gases and the temperature conditions and internal oven pressure As consequence, are obtained the extraction of the junction and the sintering in the same equipment and in a same thermal cycle, with economy of energy, with smaller investment, and in much less time
The process here described, compared to the existent processes, extracts the junction in times up to 10 times less Besides, it is a process much less pollute, because the residues are gaseous components of small carbonic chains and hydrogen The process can be monitored and automated, since the retreat of the junction can be controlled by mass spectrometry or optic spectrometry, defining the final point of the process accurately It is possible to execute the retreat of the junction and the plasma sintering in the same reactor (3), allowing the process to take place in a same thermal cycle
Claims
CLAIMING
1 - PROCESS EXTRACTION BY PLASMA OF JUNCTION IN OBTAINED PIECES BY POWDERS MOLDING BY INJECTION, characterized by being a thermalchemical process accomplished in a plasma reactor that uses a gaseous mixture contends hydrogen at low pressure, in which electric discharges, acting on the hydrogen, promote the plasma formation (6) contends reactivate species, these constituted by atomic hydrogen and by the hydrogen molecule in high potential energy state, besides the molecular ion of hydrogen, which serve for, besides heating up the pieces (1) placed in the support (2) inside the oven (3), to provoke the chemical decomposition and removal of the existent junction in the pieces interior (1), to increase the kinetics of extraction of the junction and to significantly reduce the necessary time to make the referred extraction
2 - PROCESS EXTRACTION BY PLASM OF JUNCTION IN OBTAINED PIECES FOR MOLDING OF POWDERS FOR INJECTION, in agreement with the claiming 1, characterized by the fact of another atomic or molecular gases, as the argon, the oxygen, or the nitrogen in variable proportions, also can be used to obtain reactivate species for junction extraction by plasma
3 - PROCESS EXTRACTION BY PLASM OF JUNCTION IN OBTAINED PIECES FOR MOLDING OF POWDERS FOR INJECTION, in agreement with the claiming 1, characterized by the junction to be extracted to be anyone of the junctions used in the production technology of powders metallic and/or ceramic injected pieces, including mixtures of waxes and other polymeric ones as the polyethylene, the polypropylene, the polyacetate and other organic junction
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE60005045T DE60005045T2 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-05-23 | PLASMA EXTRACTION OF BINDING AGENTS IN MOLDED BODIES PRODUCED BY POWDER INJECTION MOLDING |
| EP00936573A EP1230056B1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-05-23 | Plasma process for removing a binder from parts obtained by powder injection molding |
| AT00936573T ATE248677T1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-05-23 | PLASMA EXTRACTION OF BINDER IN MOLDED BODIES PRODUCED BY POWDER INJECTION MOLDING |
| US09/980,741 US6579493B1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-05-23 | Process for removal of binders from parts produced by powder injection molding |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR9901512-9A BR9901512A (en) | 1999-05-27 | 1999-05-27 | Binding plasma extraction process |
| BRPI9901512-9 | 1999-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000073002A1 true WO2000073002A1 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
Family
ID=4072276
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2000/000057 WO2000073002A1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2000-05-23 | Process extraction by plasma of junction in obtained pieces by molding powders by injection |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6579493B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1230056B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE248677T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9901512A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60005045T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000073002A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1804986A1 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2007-07-11 | Lupatech S.A. | Industrial plasma reactor for plasma assisted thermal debinding of powder injection-molded parts |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0803774B1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2018-09-11 | Univ Federal De Santa Catarina Ufsc | process and plasma reactor for treatment of metal parts |
| WO2018022002A1 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Cooling of build material in 3d printing system |
| WO2017196355A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Post-processing in 3d printing systems |
| DE102019102557A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method of making an electrode |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4022872A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1977-05-10 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Process for preparing finely-divided refractory powders |
| GB2106142A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1983-04-07 | Kennecott Corp | Sintering refractory articles using direct-heated gases |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4666775A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1987-05-19 | Kennecott Corporation | Process for sintering extruded powder shapes |
| US4619836A (en) * | 1985-12-31 | 1986-10-28 | Rca Corporation | Method of fabricating thick film electrical components |
| US6093761A (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-07-25 | Stanton Advanced Materials, Inc. | Binder system and method for particulate material |
-
1999
- 1999-05-27 BR BR9901512-9A patent/BR9901512A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-05-23 US US09/980,741 patent/US6579493B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-23 EP EP00936573A patent/EP1230056B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-23 DE DE60005045T patent/DE60005045T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-23 AT AT00936573T patent/ATE248677T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-23 WO PCT/BR2000/000057 patent/WO2000073002A1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4022872A (en) * | 1975-11-12 | 1977-05-10 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Process for preparing finely-divided refractory powders |
| GB2106142A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1983-04-07 | Kennecott Corp | Sintering refractory articles using direct-heated gases |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1804986A1 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2007-07-11 | Lupatech S.A. | Industrial plasma reactor for plasma assisted thermal debinding of powder injection-molded parts |
| EP1804986A4 (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2010-03-31 | Lupatech S A | Industrial plasma reactor for plasma assisted thermal debinding of powder injection-molded parts |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60005045T2 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
| EP1230056A1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| DE60005045D1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
| BR9901512A (en) | 2001-01-09 |
| ATE248677T1 (en) | 2003-09-15 |
| US6579493B1 (en) | 2003-06-17 |
| EP1230056B1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
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