WO2000071368A1 - Double-acting trailer hitch - Google Patents
Double-acting trailer hitch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000071368A1 WO2000071368A1 PCT/US2000/014839 US0014839W WO0071368A1 WO 2000071368 A1 WO2000071368 A1 WO 2000071368A1 US 0014839 W US0014839 W US 0014839W WO 0071368 A1 WO0071368 A1 WO 0071368A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- trailer
- drawbar
- hitch
- assembly
- coupling
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
- B60D1/06—Ball-and-socket hitches, e.g. constructional details, auxiliary devices, their arrangement on the vehicle
- B60D1/065—Ball-and-socket hitches, e.g. constructional details, auxiliary devices, their arrangement on the vehicle characterised by the hitch mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/01—Traction couplings or hitches characterised by their type
- B60D1/07—Multi-hitch devices, i.e. comprising several hitches of the same or of a different type; Hitch-adaptors, i.e. for converting hitches from one type to another
- B60D1/075—Hitch-adaptors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/14—Draw-gear or towing devices characterised by their type
- B60D1/143—Draw-gear or towing devices characterised by their type characterised by the mounting of the draw-gear on the towed vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
- B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
- B60D1/24—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions
- B60D1/247—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices characterised by arrangements for particular functions for improving weight distribution
Definitions
- This invention relates to a double-acting trailer hitch that requires the use of
- trailer hitches began incorporating a hitch ball
- the weight-distributing hitch was introduced during the 1950s. Initially, the upward hinging exhibited between the tow vehicle and trailer was addressed by adding weight to the tongue of the trailer
- axle of the tow vehicle often creates a large X-axis moment transverse to the direction of travel. This moment can cause the tow vehicle and trailer to jackknife or flip. Serious accidents often result from such instability.
- Trailer instabilities are inherent at all speeds of travel. At speeds below 40 mph they are usually not yet of such significance as to create unsafe travel. Instability increases as a function of speed of travel. At 50 mph some kind of control must be introduced or it is simply so unsafe that the speed cannot be maintained.
- the height of the trailer ball is another factor, because the higher the ball above the trailer ball
- Conventional weight distributing trailer hitches also normally require that the trailer axles be positioned fairly close together and located a significant distance from the trailer tongue. This is needed in order to provide the trailer with the necessary tongue weight. If the trailer axles are positioned close together, optimal trailer stability may not be exhibited.
- One known trailer hitch designed for use with relatively lightweight frameless automobiles employs a dolly that is mounted beneath the hitch.
- the dolly travels along the roadway with the rig and supports the tongue weight without distributing
- weight-distributing trailer hitches may be significantly reduced by employing preloaded, double-acting spring means for dampening the relative movement between the tow vehicles and the trailer about a horizontal (X) axis transverse to the direction of
- the spring assembly controls both upward and downward motion of the tow vehicle and trailer at their point of interconnection, which is located proximate the rearward end of the drawbar extension significantly behind and below the hitch ball.
- This invention features a double-acting trailer hitch for interconnecting a trailer to a tow vehicle.
- the hitch includes a drawbar assembly that is selectively attached to the tow vehicle.
- a first coupling component is attached to a rearward end of the drawbar.
- a hitchhead assembly includes a ball element that carries a clevis and is suspended by a ball coupling supported by the trailer.
- the hitchhead also includes a yoke that is pivotally connected to the clevis by a first horizontal pivot that is axially transverse to the direction of travel.
- a drawbar extension is interengaged with and extends generally
- a second coupling component is pivotally
- the second coupling component may include means for interengaging complementary means in the first coupling
- Such means for interconnecting may include a horizontal pivot that is substantially parallel to the horizontal axis and pe ⁇ endicular to the direction of travel.
- the means for interconnecting further include preloaded double-acting spring means connected to
- the spring means resist pivoting of the drawbar extension and the tow vehicle and frame move forwardly as a single unified structure.
- the preloaded spring means permit the drawbar extension to temporarily pivot relative to the trailer, until the
- the first coupling component is fixedly interconnected to the drawbar.
- the first and second coupling components may include elements that prevent hinging or pivoting movement between the first and second coupling components.
- the first coupling component may include an upper and a lower hitchpin hole.
- the second coupling component may include a horn featuring an upper slot or recess and a lower hitchpin hole.
- the horn may also include a ramp that is connected to the upper slot.
- the drawbar assembly may be directed against the horn such that the upper hitchpin rides up the horn and drops into the slot of the second coupling component.
- the second coupling component may include means for adjusting the height of
- Such means may include a vertical channel element that is slidably interengaged with the horn.
- Means may be provided for interlocking the
- the drawbar assembly may be constructed so that the first coupling component is disposed at an angle to the drawbar. As a result, the drawbar assembly may be inverted to position the first coupling component at differing heights relative to the hitchhead assembly. The drawbar assembly is selectively inverted, depending upon
- the spring means preferably include at least one generally helical coil or
- Each spring may be disposed in a housing that is mounted in the trailer frame.
- a single spring may
- the spring assemblies may be adjustably preloaded to dampen pivoting of the drawbar
- the spring assembly may include a connector link that is slidably mounted within the housing and resiliently engaged with each spring.
- the depending connector link may be pivotably interconnected to a distal portion of the drawbar extension.
- the spring means minimize the hinging motion or toggle effect normally exhibited between the trailer and
- FIG. 1 is an elevational, side view of a preferred trailer hitch according to this invention with the hitchhead assembly suspended from the front end of a trailer and the drawbar assembly extending from a tow vehicle (not shown); the hitchhead assembly and the drawbar assembly are depicted prior to coupling in accordance with this
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the trailer hitch in an assembled condition
- FIG. 3 is an elevational, party cross sectional and partly cut away view of the drawbar extension, the yoke, the rearward end of the channel, and the ball component and clevis by which the foregoing components are suspended from the trailer;
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the drawbar extension, the yoke and the second
- FIG. 5 is a rear, cross sectional view of the lower portion of a preferred single coil spring assembly used in the hitch of this invention
- FIG. 6 is a rear, cross sectional view of the upper portion of the spring assembly
- FIG. 7 is an elevational side view of the hitch in a fully assembled and operating
- hitch 10 is designed for attaching an A-frame trailer 12 to a tow vehicle, not specifically shown.
- Hitch 10 is suited for use in connection with various types of trailers, as well as all types and sizes of tow vehicles. Neither the type of tow vehicle nor the type of trailer should be construed as a limitation of this invention. It
- axles and wheels of both the trailer and the tow vehicle are not depicted. These are standard components that do not comprise a part of the invention. Their relative positioning and operation should be understood to those
- axles of the trailer may be spaced further apart than in conventional trailers. This is possible because of the significantly reduced tongue weight required by this trailer hitch. Repositioning the forward trailer axle closer to the tongue reduces the leverage
- Hitch apparatus 10 includes a forward drawbar assembly 14 and a rearward
- hitchhead assembly 16 The hitchhead assembly is attached to and suspended from trailer 12 in a manner described in the above-referenced applications and further described below.
- the drawbar assembly is disposed beneath the tow vehicle bumper (not shown) and includes an elongate drawbar, 20 which preferably has a square cross sectional shape. Bar 20 is selectively inserted in a complementary shaped receiver tube 22. The receiver tube is secured to and extends from a transverse mounting bar
- This bar extends between and is attached to the longitudinal frame components of the tow vehicle. In tow vehicles not employing a frame, the transverse bar can be attached to various other structural components of the tow vehicle. Bar 20 is secured to tube 22 by a transverse pin 26. A first coupling component 30 is permanently and
- Component 30 comprises a shank that extends angularly from drawbar 20 and has a pair of spaced apart flanges 32 and 34, best shown in FIG. 2. These flanges include a pair of aligned upper holes and a pair of aligned lower holes. Each pair of aligned holes receives a respective hitchpin 40, 41.
- the lower pin should be removable.
- the upper pin may be permanently or removably carried by component 30.
- hitchpins is described more fully below.
- Each pin is secured in its respective hole by a spring clip 44.
- the axis 50 of drawbar 20 is perpendicular to the line interconnecting the centers of the holes receiving pins 40 and 41.
- a pivotably adjustable first coupling component may be used as shown in United States Patent No. 5,951,036 and PCT International Publication No. WOOO/01546.
- Hitchhead assembly 16 also shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, includes a standard ball
- the ball element 46 that is threadably attached to a clevis 64.
- the ball may be welded or otherwise secured to the clevis.
- the ball element comprises the Y-axis coupling about which the rig rotates when one of the wheels strike a curb, for example.
- the ball is mounted in and suspended from ball coupler 60 (FIGS. 1 and 2) in a conventional swiveling manner and, more particularly, in the manner shown and
- the hitchhead further includes a yoke device 72 that is pivotally connected to the lower end of clevis 64 by a horizontal pivot or bolt 68.
- Yoke 72 includes a forward bearing 65 and a generally rearwardly extending shank 69.
- drawbar extension 66 is pivotally interconnected to pivot 68 at the lower end of clevis 64. More particularly, drawbar extension 66 includes a pair of elongate spaced apart elements 71 and 73 interconnected by transverse struts 75. A hole is formed proximate the forward end of each elongate element 71, 73. These holes, which are aligned interengage clevis pivot 68 such that drawbar extension 66 is pivotably connected to clevis 64 as shown in
- elements 71 and 73 are sandwiched about shank 69 of yoke 72.
- Threaded connector element 79 extends between elements 71 and 73 and through shank 69.
- By tightening component 79 elements 71 and 73 of drawbar extension 66 are tightened against the shank.
- Horizontal pivot 68 permits the drawbar extension and the yoke to pivot or rotate about a horizontal axis that is generally transverse to the direction of travel. As a result, the drawbar extension is
- a channel member 80 is pivotally connected to yoke 72 by a
- channel 80 is attached integrally to
- pin 82 is pivotal about a Z-axis defined by pin 82 relative to hitchhead 16 and drawbar extension 66, in the manner indicated by doubleheaded arrow 86 in FIG. 2.
- the pin 82 effectively forms a Z-axis coupling.
- a horn 88 is slidably mounted in channel 80 in the manner described in the previously referenced applications. As a result, horn 88 may be adjusted vertically within channel 80 as indicated by doubleheaded arrow 90 in FIG. 1.
- Horn 80 includes an upper recess or slot 92 and a lower hitchpin hole 94.
- An incline or ramp 96 extends from the forward end of the horn to a point adjacent recess 92.
- the channel member and its adjustable attached horn comprise a second coupling component that is interengaged with the first coupling component in a manner more
- Drawbar extension 66 is interconnected to trailer frame 52 proximate the rearward distal end of the drawbar extension. More particularly, drawbar extension 66 is interconnected to the trailer frame by a vertically disposed dampening spring assembly 300, FIGS. 1, 2, and 5 - 7. The distal end of the drawbar extension is pivotably connected to a connecting link 301 of spring assembly 300 at X-axis pivot 302. In the version described herein, the spring assembly employs a single coil spring
- Spring assembly 300 is shown in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6. The spring assembly
- Spring assembly 300 comprises a vertically disposed helical coil spring 304 that is arranged vertically and mounted within a cylindrical spring housing 306.
- the spring is wound about a central tube 308 and extends between a lower movable
- drawbar extension 66 is pivotably connected by pivot 302 to connecting link 301 of spring assembly linkage 316.
- Connector link 301 is received in the lower end of a generally cylindrical linking component 320 and is secured therein by appropriate means such as, for example, a threaded sleeve or bushing 322, which is fastened to link connector 301 and threadably engaged with interior threads of link
- Component 320 extends upwardly through a bottom bracket 324 and into a vertical opening 326 in spring assembly support 299.
- the link component carries a projection 330 at its upper end.
- a pin 332 pivotably interconnects projection 330 to block 314.
- the upper end of tube 308 receives a threaded shaft 334
- Shaft 334 extends through a central opening in a movable cap 335 received in an opening at the top of
- shaft 334 carries a fixed head 339 that is
- Spring assembly 300 dampens relative movement between the trailer and the rearward end of drawbar extension 66, located at the X-axis couple or pivot 302.
- connector link 301 urges link assembly 316 upwardly, as indicated by arrow 370 in FIG. 5.
- the block pushes movable base 310 upwardly to resiliently compress coil spring 304 within housing 306.
- block 314 drives tube 308 and attached shaft 334 upwardly such that the shaft slides through cap 335 and plate 340.
- the coil spring thereby dampens the upward hinging movement between the tow vehicle and the
- the spring may be selected and preloaded to accomplish desired dampening.
- the preloaded compression spring largely replaces the pressure
- Spring assembly 300 is typically constructed to permit some degree of play or movement in linkage 316 as the trailer is pulled. Lateral play is provided by pivot 332. That pivot may be disposed on a tapered, fulcrum-like surface (not shown) of projection 330 so that play is also provided in forward and rearward directions. In such
- a slight gap should be formed between link component 320 and surrounding brackets or structure carried by the trailer (e.g. lower bracket 324, FIG. 6).
- Hitch apparatus 10 is installed in the following manner. Initially, drawbar 20 is inserted into receiver tube 22. The trailer is then leveled with respect to the ground using conventional leveling means. Next, the installer selects the orientation of the
- drawbar This will depend upon the height of the tow vehicle. Normally, the receiver tube is mounted to the tow vehicle such that its axis is positioned anywhere from 10" to 17" above the ground. For low heights (e.g. 10" to 13.5") the drawbar assembly is orientated in the manner shown in FIG. 1. Coupling component 30 is angled upwardly and positioned proximate hitchhead assembly 16. Alternatively, in cases where a larger tow vehicle and a higher positioned receiver tube are used, the drawbar
- the hitchhead assembly may be inverted so that the coupling component is angled downwardly to meet the hitchhead assembly 16. It should be noted that in most cases the hitchhead assembly is positioned such that there is a distance of approximately 17" to 19" from the ground to the center of the ball. After the drawbar assembly is oriented properly,
- the bar 20 is inserted into receiver tube 22 and the pin 26 is connected to secure the drawbar assembly to the tow vehicle.
- the user then installs an upper hitchpin 40
- Hitchhead assembly 16 is mounted to trailer 12 by suspending the ball element
- the drawbar extension 66 is interconnected to spring assembly 300 by pivot 302.
- a connecting strap 400 is installed to connect trailer frame 52 and shank 69.
- Horn 88 is vertically adjusted within channel 80 so that the center of recess 92 is approximately equal to the height of the center of the upper holes (i.e. hitchpin 40) in coupling component 30.
- the horn is then locked in place in the manner described in the referenced applications.
- the horn may be tack welded so that it is permanently fixed in the channel.
- the hitch installer's task is normally completed.
- skilled laymen or homeowner may be able to undertake the above referenced installation procedures.
- the user operates jack 56, FIG. 1 , so that the center of recess 92 is positioned approximately .75 inches above the center of holes 36.
- the apparatus is then coupled by simply driving the tow vehicle rearwardly toward the trailer.
- the upper hitchpin 40 interengages ramp 96 and rides up the ramp until it drops into horn recess 92.
- lower holes 38
- hitchpin 41 FIG. 1
- the jack is then used to lower the trailer and removed.
- the apparatus is attached to and is fully coupled as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 7. Due to the offset construction between the upper recess and the lower hole of horn 88, the drawbar of assembly 14 is tilted 1°. This imparts the necessary torsion to the tow bar
- drawbar extension 66 pulls trailer at a
- the towing force is applied to the trailer
- the new hitch eliminates the free hinging in every direction and the toggling by
- the spring assembly is typically preloaded to reduce
- the tongue weight that is
- tongue weight should ideally be approximately 120 to 300 pounds. One half of that
- the forward axial of the trailer may be moved forwardly along the trailer, which
- coil springs may be utilized to dampen upward and downward movement of trailers
- the double-acting spring assembly serves to dampen both upward and
- tongue weight is therefore not needed to offset a hinge or toggle effect. Instead, the
- the hitch of this invention provides an
- the tongue weight may be reduced to a level between ! and 1
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
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- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00939406A EP1098782A4 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Double-acting trailer hitch |
CA002337791A CA2337791C (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Double-acting trailer hitch |
AU54495/00A AU763383B2 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Double-acting trailer hitch |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13607499P | 1999-05-26 | 1999-05-26 | |
US60/136,074 | 1999-05-26 | ||
US09/444,483 | 1999-11-19 | ||
US09/444,483 US6286851B1 (en) | 1998-07-02 | 1999-11-19 | Doubling-acting reduced tongue weight trailer hitch |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000071368A1 true WO2000071368A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
Family
ID=26833966
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/014839 WO2000071368A1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Double-acting trailer hitch |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1098782A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AU763383B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2337791C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000071368A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2456555A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-22 | Redrock Engineering Ltd | A swivel hitch |
US8448973B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2013-05-28 | Danny Burns | Trailer hitch apparatus for use with gooseneck trailers |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2710760A (en) * | 1951-02-05 | 1955-06-14 | Clem G Branstrator | Vehicle draft means with plural articulation axes |
US3588145A (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-06-28 | Woodrow F Thompson | Trailer hitch |
US5725231A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1998-03-10 | Buie; Malcolm D. | Trailer hitch |
US5951036A (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1999-09-14 | Sargent; Frank T. | Adjustable coupler for a weight distributing trailer hitch apparatus |
US10974098B2 (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2021-04-13 | D'addario & Company, Inc. | Retractable hand exerciser |
-
2000
- 2000-05-26 EP EP00939406A patent/EP1098782A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-05-26 CA CA002337791A patent/CA2337791C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-26 WO PCT/US2000/014839 patent/WO2000071368A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-05-26 AU AU54495/00A patent/AU763383B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2710760A (en) * | 1951-02-05 | 1955-06-14 | Clem G Branstrator | Vehicle draft means with plural articulation axes |
US3588145A (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-06-28 | Woodrow F Thompson | Trailer hitch |
US5725231A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1998-03-10 | Buie; Malcolm D. | Trailer hitch |
US5951036A (en) | 1997-07-02 | 1999-09-14 | Sargent; Frank T. | Adjustable coupler for a weight distributing trailer hitch apparatus |
WO2000001546A1 (en) | 1998-07-02 | 2000-01-13 | Sargent Frank T | Adjustable coupler for a weight distributing trailer hitch apparatus |
US10974098B2 (en) | 2017-11-02 | 2021-04-13 | D'addario & Company, Inc. | Retractable hand exerciser |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1098782A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2456555A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-22 | Redrock Engineering Ltd | A swivel hitch |
US8448973B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2013-05-28 | Danny Burns | Trailer hitch apparatus for use with gooseneck trailers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2337791C (en) | 2005-02-08 |
AU763383B2 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
AU5449500A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
CA2337791A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
EP1098782A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
EP1098782A4 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
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