WO2000068684A1 - Procede d'anticipation, de retard et/ou de prevention du risque d'inflammation spontanee et/ou d'explosion d'une atmosphere explosive - Google Patents
Procede d'anticipation, de retard et/ou de prevention du risque d'inflammation spontanee et/ou d'explosion d'une atmosphere explosive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000068684A1 WO2000068684A1 PCT/EP2000/004414 EP0004414W WO0068684A1 WO 2000068684 A1 WO2000068684 A1 WO 2000068684A1 EP 0004414 W EP0004414 W EP 0004414W WO 0068684 A1 WO0068684 A1 WO 0068684A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- atmosphere
- explosion
- confined
- risk
- spontaneous ignition
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013179 statistical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process of anticipation, delay and / or prevention of the risk of spontaneous ignition and / or explosion in the atmospheric conditions of an explosive atmosphere, that is to say say of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gases, vapors, mists, dust or combustible grains, stored in a confined or semi-confined medium or volume such as a grain silo, _r- volume comprising a mixture of corr-Dustibles, hydrocarbons or industrial dust or fertilizers and air, the tank of a vehicle, a mine gallery, etc.
- explosive atmospheres can consist of hydrocarbons and air, pyrolysis products and air from aerobic or anaerobic fermentation of wet grain or dust from cleaning, drying or handling operations. grain.
- Other open silos are also concerned insofar as the atmosphere inside the explosive esc stoc eté mixture and can give rise to ⁇ es “smoldering fires” inside the stored mass or a fire on the surface of the stored pile.
- Explosive atmospheres can also be present in the storage of fertilizers, animal or vegetable farmes / powders, vehicle tanks, mine galleries, etc.
- Document O89 / 08253 describes a method and an apparatus for determining whether a fuel can cause an explosion under the conditions present in a diesel engine. This phenomenon is studied by submitting the com-oustiDie to an exposure in the presence of a mixture of oxidizing gases by gradually increasing the temperature. In a second step, a catalytic reaction ⁇ e post-oxidation to CO2 and water is carried out and a detector continuously measures the quantity of CO2 produced. The cetane number of the fuel is determined by an analysis of the data based on a statistical model. Similar devices are described in the document O98 / 18001, in which different detection elements are used .sensors ) making it possible to determine the critical proportion ⁇ es different components in measuring chambers until forming an explosive mixture. However, these different systems are based on a comparison with respect to a reference generally determined for a specific volume and mixture of fuels.
- AIMS OF THE INVENTION aims to propose a process for anticipating and / or preventing the risk of spontaneous flammation and / or of explosion in an explosive atmosphere as defined in Directive 1999/92 / CE published a ⁇ JOCE L23 on 01/28/00, combustible mixture kept in a confined or semi-confined environment, for example a grain silo, A ⁇ .
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a device which makes it possible to avoid having to delay the phenomena of spontaneous ignition or explosion of such fuels stored in these confined or semi-confined environments, mixed with an agent oxidant such as oxygen or air for example.
- the present invention relates to a process for anticipating and / or preventing the risk of spontaneous ignition and / or explosion of an explosive atmosphere stored in a confined or heaped environment, in which the temperature of the mixture is measured from the moment of creation of said mixture, and the critical moment of spontaneous ignition and / or explosion of this mixture is determined by determining the induction period, that is to say the time elapsed between the creation of the mixture and the critical moment beyond which there is a risk of spontaneous ignition and / or an explosion of said mixture.
- explosive atmosphere means a mixture, under atmospheric conditions, of air and flammable substances in the form of gases, vapors, mists or loose dust, in which, after spontaneous ignition, combustion takes place. spreads the whole unburned mixture. If the atmosphere is homogeneous, spontaneous inflammation can occur simultaneously throughout the volume.
- the fuel is present in solid, liquid, gaseous form, as a dust mist or as an emulsion.
- the confined medium comprising the mixture of flammable substances / air is selected from the group consisting of grain silos, storage centers for solid combustible materials such as cnamon dust, sawdust, fertilizers (fertilizer / ammonium nitrate), animal or vegetable meal, mine galleries, fuel tanks, in particular hydrocarbon tanks (kerosene, petrol, methane, butane, propane, etc.) .) partially filled with air, explosive atmospheres, possibly incorporated in a vehicle such as a truck, an airplane, a boat, etc.
- alarm, delay and / or prevention means of said spontaneous inflammation and / or explosion which can be activated automatically or possibly manually by the personnel responsible for monitoring and handling said mixture present in the confined environment.
- Said means or devices must be activated as soon as the explosive atmosphere is created to determine the critical moment of spontaneous ignition and / or explosion of the explosive atmosphere, that is to say when the elapsed time approaches critical moment ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of spontaneous ignition and / or explosion.
- These different means may include sensors, sensors, detectors, analyzers or devices for diluting, separating, cooling or erting the mixture so as to delay or prevent said spontaneous ignition and / or said explosion.
- the different elements used to characterize the critical threshold for spontaneous inflammation and / or explosion of the explosive atmosphere are based on the combination of means well known to those skilled in the art such as sensors, recorders, timing systems defining the elapsed time, temperature measuring devices initial and variations over time of the temperature of the mixture, data integration systems such as chips and electronic memories, etc., connected to a central computing and control unit making it possible to switch on automatically or manually different fire alarm, prevention or fire-fighting devices making it possible to prevent, delay or avoid said spontaneous ignition and / or said explosion, as well as pumping, emptying, handling, cooling or d inerting of the hazardous atmosphere with flammable and combustible substances.
- Figure 1 shows the cell of a grain silo provided with the device for implementing the method according to a preferred embodiment of one invent.
- Figure 2 shows the connections between the monitoring center and the other elements of the device allowing the implementation of the method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows for different explosive atmospheres the variations in the logarithm of the induction period ⁇ i as a function of the initial temperature (in degrees Celsius) of said atmosphere.
- the process of anticipating and / or preventing the risk of ignition and / or explosion relates to a vertical cell for filling and emptying by gravity in a silo at grains, and uses equipment as shown in Figure 1.
- the present invention aims to use new knowledge which demonstrates that an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, flammable substances in the form of gases, vapors, mists or dust flammable will always ignite spontaneously (see Figure 3), even at room temperature, if the volumes scoc-es are large enough lest the effects of walls become negligible on the scale of molecular collisions.
- This new knowledge is moreover confirmed by the various self-heating and fire studies of flat silos listed.
- the cell 1 at the silo comprises in its upper part a filling orifice 2 and a drain orifice provided with a valve 3 in its lower part.
- the cell 1 is further equipped with a hollow cable 4 suspended centrally, containing an inner cable 5 which are incorporated temperature sensors 6, generally thermocouples, humidity sensors, gas probes , etc., spaced apart by a distance that is a function of the diameter of the cylindrical cell 1.
- the samples are subjected to an initial analysis using an analyzer 3, the analysis making it possible to introduce, in addition to the initial composition of the atmosphere, its initial temperature, other parameters such as the humidity and especially the time elapsed.
- This sampling must be continued either continuously or with a frequency determined by the level of risk of explosion of the atmosphere.
- the monitoring of the temperature, the elapsed time and other parameters is done continuously by means of temperature sensors 6, humidity sensors 9, these different sensors being placed inside the internal cable 5.
- the device according to the invention also comprises a recorder 20 intended to record progressively the data relating to the different parameters.
- Devices 21 for varying, for example humidity, temperature, pressure, etc. are connected to the central unit 11.
- the central unit 11 controls the output via control system 23 (or outputs) of the machinery of the silo, for example those associated with transilage, emptying or filling, etc.
- a waterproof membrane installed inside the cell, open in its upper part so as to allow its filling and provided with a lower orifice for example to pump the atmosphere and put the storage under vacuum, until time of emptying.
- Figure 3 gives an example of experimental data which is used as a reference by the monitoring center to decide on the implementation of the alarm device 12 and / or automatic intervention via the programmer 14 and the software. management 15, in order to reduce and / or neutralize the risk of spontaneous ignition and / or explosion.
- These data correspond to variations in the induction period, for a fuel / oxidizing agent mixture, as a function of the initial temperature of the mixture. More precisely, in FIG. 3, various data have been taken up, recorded under conditions of constant temperature, presenting on the ordinate the logarithm of the induction period, that is to say the logarithm of the time elapsed between the creation of the mixture.
- On this graph is represented a curve based on the summation of different experimental data obtained with combustible mixtures in solid, liquid or gaseous form, black powder, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, lubricating agents, kerosene, propane, ethane, n-heptane, etc., in contact with mixed with the air.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000616418A JP2002544482A (ja) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-05 | 爆発性雰囲気の自然発火及び/又は爆発の危険を予測するための、遅延するための及び/又は防止するための方法 |
AU55245/00A AU5524500A (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-05 | Method for anticipating, delaying and/or preventing the risk of spontaneous combustion and/or explosion of an explosive atmosphere |
US10/009,126 US7005991B1 (en) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-05 | Method for anticipating, delaying and/or preventing the risk of spontaneous combustion and/or explosion of an explosive atmosphere |
CA002371647A CA2371647A1 (fr) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-05 | Procede d'anticipation, de retard et/ou de prevention du risque d'inflammation spontanee et/ou d'explosion d'une atmosphere explosive |
EP00940249A EP1177436A1 (fr) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-05 | Procede d'anticipation, de retard et/ou de prevention du risque d'inflammation spontanee et/ou d'explosion d'une atmosphere explosive |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE9900332A BE1012672A3 (fr) | 1999-05-07 | 1999-05-07 | Procede d'anticipation et/ou de prevention du risque d'explosion et/ou d'inflammation d'un melange combustible/agent oxydant. |
BE9900332 | 1999-05-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000068684A1 true WO2000068684A1 (fr) | 2000-11-16 |
Family
ID=3891912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/004414 WO2000068684A1 (fr) | 1999-05-07 | 2000-05-05 | Procede d'anticipation, de retard et/ou de prevention du risque d'inflammation spontanee et/ou d'explosion d'une atmosphere explosive |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1177436A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002544482A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU5524500A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1012672A3 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2371647A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000068684A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107219258A (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 公安部天津消防研究所 | 一种受限空间燃爆模拟与爆炸泄压、抑爆实验平台及方法 |
CN112414815A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-26 | 青岛赛时检验有限公司 | 一种汽油诱导期的能力验证样品及制备方法和应用 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104316668B (zh) * | 2014-11-10 | 2017-08-29 | 河南理工大学 | 深部采动变形煤体氧化特性测试装置 |
CN111965323A (zh) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-20 | 太原理工大学 | 基于乙醛指标气体的煤自燃状态分级预警方法 |
CN112730514B (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-05-09 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | 一种预估大尺寸火炸药热爆炸临界延滞期的方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB394736A (en) * | 1932-01-19 | 1933-07-06 | William Helmore | Improvements in or relating to testing combustible fluids |
US4549815A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1985-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Measurement of ignition characteristics of distillate fuels |
JPH09304310A (ja) * | 1996-05-09 | 1997-11-28 | Shimadzu Corp | 自然発火試験装置 |
WO1998018001A2 (fr) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-04-30 | Orbisphere Laboratories Neuchatel S.A. | Dispositif de surveillance de la combustibilite et procede de surveillance associe |
-
1999
- 1999-05-07 BE BE9900332A patent/BE1012672A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-05-05 JP JP2000616418A patent/JP2002544482A/ja active Pending
- 2000-05-05 EP EP00940249A patent/EP1177436A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2000-05-05 AU AU55245/00A patent/AU5524500A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-05-05 WO PCT/EP2000/004414 patent/WO2000068684A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-05-05 CA CA002371647A patent/CA2371647A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB394736A (en) * | 1932-01-19 | 1933-07-06 | William Helmore | Improvements in or relating to testing combustible fluids |
US4549815A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1985-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Measurement of ignition characteristics of distillate fuels |
JPH09304310A (ja) * | 1996-05-09 | 1997-11-28 | Shimadzu Corp | 自然発火試験装置 |
WO1998018001A2 (fr) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-04-30 | Orbisphere Laboratories Neuchatel S.A. | Dispositif de surveillance de la combustibilite et procede de surveillance associe |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 03 27 February 1998 (1998-02-27) * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107219258A (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 公安部天津消防研究所 | 一种受限空间燃爆模拟与爆炸泄压、抑爆实验平台及方法 |
CN107219258B (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2024-01-30 | 公安部天津消防研究所 | 一种受限空间燃爆模拟与爆炸泄压、抑爆实验平台及方法 |
CN112414815A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-26 | 青岛赛时检验有限公司 | 一种汽油诱导期的能力验证样品及制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5524500A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
JP2002544482A (ja) | 2002-12-24 |
EP1177436A1 (fr) | 2002-02-06 |
BE1012672A3 (fr) | 2001-02-06 |
CA2371647A1 (fr) | 2000-11-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1168479B1 (fr) | Batterie de générateurs électrochimiques comprenant un dispositif de sécurité | |
CA2507562C (fr) | Dispositif d'extinction de feu par injection d'un gaz genere par la combustion d'un bloc pyrotechnique | |
WO2005092742A1 (fr) | Dispositif de securisation de stockage, de transfert, de transport, de manutention de produits dangereux, combustibles, comburants, corrosifs, toxiques et/ou polluants | |
WO2000068684A1 (fr) | Procede d'anticipation, de retard et/ou de prevention du risque d'inflammation spontanee et/ou d'explosion d'une atmosphere explosive | |
CA2980081C (fr) | Detection de fuite sur un electrolyseur ou une pile a combustible haute temperature | |
US7005991B1 (en) | Method for anticipating, delaying and/or preventing the risk of spontaneous combustion and/or explosion of an explosive atmosphere | |
FR3111129A3 (fr) | Conteneur de stockage pour batteries | |
Ogle et al. | Explosion from a smoldering silo fire | |
Khudhur et al. | Mechanisms, severity and ignitability factors, explosibility testing method, explosion severity characteristics, and damage control for dust explosion: a concise review | |
EP1376720B1 (fr) | Batterie à sécurité améliorée | |
WO2005088286A2 (fr) | Detecteur universel de matieres explosives | |
Jabalquinto et al. | Influence of humidity on the decomposition process of double base rocket propellant | |
FR2957911A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede de generation d'hydrogene | |
FR2790316A1 (fr) | Procede d'analyse d'un melange gazeux pour la determination de son explosibilite et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procede | |
RU2329777C2 (ru) | Способ предотвращения воспламенения и взрыва метановоздушных смесей | |
EP0607358B1 (fr) | Installation pour rendre ininflammable et non-explosif un liquide inflammable et explosif lorsqu'il est contenu dans un reservoir et pour le lavage du reservoir lorsqu'il est vide | |
FR3087267A1 (fr) | Enceinte de sous-ventilation pour l'etude de la decomposition thermique en atmosphere controlee | |
RU2646424C1 (ru) | Способ регулирования состава газовой среды | |
EP3132008B1 (fr) | Materiau constitue d'une preparation comprenant du ferrocene | |
Romero Jabalquinto et al. | Influence of humidity on the decomposition process of double base rocket propellant | |
RU2033215C1 (ru) | Способ предупреждения и тушения загораний в хранилищах силосного типа | |
Nalboc et al. | Experimental determination of the lower explosion limit for two gasoline samples | |
EP4163026A1 (fr) | Installation et procede de destruction de dechets pyrotechniques | |
FR2747779A1 (fr) | Procede de controle d'etancheite des emballages | |
EP1923659B1 (fr) | Système de protection pour dispositif contenant une matière réagissant violemment à un échauffement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2371647 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2371647 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2000940249 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 2000 616418 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10009126 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2000940249 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWR | Wipo information: refused in national office |
Ref document number: 2000940249 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 2000940249 Country of ref document: EP |