WO2000065251A1

WO2000065251A1 - Reducer

Info

Publication number: WO2000065251A1
Application number: PCT/KR2000/000390
Authority: WO
Inventors: Seo-San Kim
Original assignee: Kim Seo San
Priority date: 1999-04-26
Filing date: 2000-04-25
Publication date: 2000-11-02
Also published as: AU4434600A; KR19990046818A

Abstract

This invention is related to a reducer and more particularly designed so that the reducer can more securely perform breaking functions as well as select and adjust the reduction gear ratio. For this invention, sun gear (2) is configured in a assembly on the input axis (1) inserted into the fixed gear disk (3) and the axis hole of housing at the I/O side. This invention has one or more I/O planetery gear (9, 10∩15, 16) engaged with ring gears (7, 8) which are formed at the inside surface of above sun gear (2), flat gear disk (3) and output axis (5). In the planetery gear type of reducer (A) configured so that the rotation ratio of the input axis (1) can be delivered at a reduced ratio to the output axis (5), the reducer is designed to obtain a low gear ratio so that the tooth numbers of planetery gear (9, 10, 11, 12) at the above input side are more than those of planetery gear (13, 14, 15, 16) and those of ring gear at the I/O side become less. The reducer is also designed to obtain a low gear ratio so that the tooth numbers of planetary gear (9, 10,11, 12) at the above input side are more than those of planetary gear (13, 14, 15, 16) and those of ring gear at the I/O side become less. The reducer is also designed so that the tooth numbers of planetary gear (9, 10∩15, 16) at the I/O side, which is formed on the above concentric axis, is formed not to be paralleled to each other.

Description

Reducer

Technical Field

This invention is related to a reducer and more particularly designed so

that the reducer can more securely perform breaking functions as well as select

and adjust the reduction gear ratio.

Background Art

Reducers with various compositions have existed traditionally but since

most of reducers consisted of the gear ratio with combination of spur gears and

thus the volume of gear boxes became large and loss of power was great, they

were not suitable for using them at all sorts of power system to require

reducers with a compact volume. Since a number of gear should be

compositively used on the multiple-stage, there has existed considerable

restrictions in the increase of the reduction gear ratio.

In addition, for worm gears a relatively high reduction gear ratio could be

obtained but since they were operated on the friction power delivering method,

they had several problems such as the high ratio of power loss or wear and the occurrence of noise and high heat. For the break reducers with the in-tunnel

type, they had problems such as difficulty in maintaining their concentricity

because the normal values were fixed and the different values were output.

Even in several reducers suggested with the planetary gear type, since

carrier boards were used as means to set up a center between I/O planetary

gear, ring gear and sun gear. Therefore, these planetary gear reducers had many

problems such as a great power loss, a severe noise, increase of gear wear and

durability reduction due to the change of heat treatment in metal.

And more important thing was that such reduction methods had

limitations in the increase of reduction gear ratio since for the existing planetary

gear reducers the tooth numbers of I/O ring gears were of same tooth numbers

and gear reduction could be carried out considering tooth numbers of the I/O

planetary gears.

It becomes more evident calculating by inserting figures into the reduction

gear

ratio(i). Namely, the reduction gear ratio (i) is obtained as follows:

Reduction gear ratio (i)={(The tooth of ring gears at input

side ÷ The tooth number of sun gears)+l} X The tooth numbers of planetary

gears at output side

For example, if the tooth numbers of ring gears at the imput side would

be 30EA, those of sun gears are 10 EA and those of planetary gears at the

output side would be 9 EA, the reduction gear ratio (i) will be as follows:

{(30÷ 10)+1} X 9=36U

To increase the reduction gear ratio here, the tooth numbers of each gear

must be increase and there exist limitations in increasing the numbers of gear

within the specified volume. Therefore, since the volume of the entire reducers

must be increased to increase the reduction gear ratio, it is concluded that a

compact design of reducers is impossible. This planetary gear type of reducers has been also introduced in the

Public Notification of a Practical New Device in Japan (Registration No.

61-79047). In other words, for the Japan Registration No. 61-79047 three sets of

planetary gear unit, which have input axis, output axis and I/O planetary gear,

are installed in a concentric circle. Ring gears engaged with planetary gears at

the output side simultaneously adhering sun gears to the input axis are fixed at

the gear case. In addition, they constitute a planetary gear type of motor by

forming ring gears, which are engaged with the planetary gears at the output

side, at the inner connection part on the output side and simultaneously

connecting the planetary gears of the planetary gear unit at both sides of input

and output. And a circular plate on rollers is installed at the center part of the

above described planetary gears and a circular groove is formed at the

counterpart of inner surface of a gear case at the input side so that the above

circular plate dynamically comes in contact with the circular groove . The above

circular plate must be made of a member of rollers what can relatively rotate

against the planetary gears. In addition, the roller members must be adhered to

the both ends of above planetary gear's rotation shaft so that they can freely rotate and be dynamically in contact with the inner periphery of gears. The

planetary gear type of reduction system has above described characteristics. This

preceding technology is a typical example of the planetary gear type of reducers.

In the system to maintain the gap of standard value between planetary gears,

sun gears and ring gears, since they use roller members at the center and both

ends of the planetary gear unit respectively, there were found out many

problems such as a great power loss, reduced durability due to the change of

heat treatment in metal because of friction heat caused by difference of rotation

ratio between sun gears and ring gears at the output side, or noise. In addition,

the preceding technology could not overcome problem that the gear ratio was

very low as shown on the formula to obtain the above gear ratio since it was a

general planetary gear type of reducer of which reduction gear ratio was

determined adding or subtracting tooth numbers of planetary gear at the input

side or the output side. To make the reduction gear ratio a high ratio, there

were methods to increase each tooth number but limitation existed in the

increase of gear ratio since it was very difficult to accurately divide angle and

to process gears unless the volume of the entire reducers were not increased. An inventor of this patent invention has already applied for a patent on

the reducer of which volume was a compact type and which could increase the

gear ratio a high ratio and largely improve noise reduction and durability and

solve all problems that the existing reducers had, and has registered it as patent

No. 123419.

However, the existing registration patent had problems not to secure a

proper gear ratio required depending on objects to apply reducers since the gear

ratio was limited to the high ratio. In addition, development of a reducer to more

improve and develop the existing invention already applied for a patent has been

truly required since blocking between gears was not done and no function as a

break existed.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, this invention was designed considering all the problems that

the existing reducers as described above had. More particularly, the first

technical subject that this invention intends to is to configure the compact

volume of a reducer and to provide a reducer to carry out a speed reduction at the selected gear ratio such as high ratio or low ratio. The second technical

subject is to invent a reducer which can perform blocking function and thus

faithfully carry out its function as a brake.

As described above, the reducer (1) provided from this invention is a

very epoch-making invention a far-reaching influence on all over the industry. It

differently designs tooth numbers of I/O planetary gear (9,10^~15,16) and I/O ring

gear (7,8) and selectively manufactures reducers with the high or low ratio.

Since the tooth numbers of I/O planetary gear (9,10~15,16) are different each

other and parall¹^ between gear toots is not done, blocking functions are

securely carried out and their function as a brake can be faithfully carried out.

Brief Description of Drawings

Figure 1. Sectional view to show a desirable example of this invention

Figure 2. Side-view to gear configuration of this invention

Figure 3. Front view to show a I/O planetary gear of this invention

Explanation of symbols used in main part of drawing A: Reducer 1: Input Axis

2: Sun Gear 3: Fixed Gear Disk

4: Axis Hole 5: Output Axis

6: Housing 7,8: Ring Gear

9,10,11,12: Planetary gear at input side

13,14,15,16: Planetary gear at output side

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Detailed explanation will be provided by referring to the drawings

attached for showing configuration and function of this invention.

Figure 1 is a section drawings to show a desirable performance example

of the reducer (A) presented in this invention. Figure 2 is a brief expansion

side-view for explaining configuration of each gear and gear engaging status

with regard to this invention. Figure 3 is a front view to show a planetary gear

of this invention. Since the reducer (A) of this invention is a planetary gear type

of reducer, sun gear (sun gear; 2) is formed at the input axis (1), one side of

above sun gear (2) is inserted into the center axis hole (4) of the fixed gear disk (3) and simultaneously inserted into the center axis hole of a housing (6)

for installing the planetary gear and other side, in other words, the output axis

(5) is inserted into the center axis hole of the housing (6) installing the

planetary gear so that they are assembled to allow free rotation. In the inside of

the fixed gear disk (3) and the output axis (5), input and output ring gear (7,8)

are respectively formed.

Between ring gear (7,8) and sun gear (2) as shown in Figure 2, planetary

gear (9,10,11,12) at the input side and planetary gear (13,14,15,16) are engaged

each other at the 90^° division place.

Since the tooth numbers of planetary gear (9,10,11,12) at the input side

and planetary gear (13,14,15,16) at the output side have a different tooth numbers

respectively, planetary gear (9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16) is not parallel seeing from the

side direction as shown in Figure 2,3, which provides a major characteristics of

the reducer under this invention.

As described later for planetary gear (9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16) at the I/O

side, if the tooth numbers of planetary gear (9,10,11,12) at the input side are

more than those of planetary gear (13,14,15,16) at the output side, the gear ratio will be done at a high ratio and if not so, the gear ratio will be able to select a

low ratio.

Functions and effect of this invention configured as described above will

be more particularly explained.

If the input axis (1) rotates with driving means of motor, etc, it is

engaged with sun gear (2) formed at the above input. I/O planetary gear

(13,14,15,16), which are engaged at the division place of 90^° between fixed gear

disk (4) and I/O ring gear (7,8) on the output axis (5), rotate. The output axis

(5) with ring gears engaged with planetary gear at the output side (13,14,15,16)

drives with rotation at the rotation ratio more reduced than the rotation number

of input axis (1).

The gear ratio (i) of reducer (A) under this invention is obtained with the

following formula provided that since tooth numbers of planetary gear

(9,10~15,16) at the I/O side are different each other in this invention and tooth

numbers of I/O gear are differently designed, gear ratio (i) is obtained with the following formula differently from before.

In other words, gear ratio (i) by the reducer under this invention is;

(Formula 1)

Where, Za represents tooth numbers of sun gear,

Zb represents tooth numbers of planetary gear at the input side

Zb" represents tooth numbers of planetary gear at the output side

Zd represents tooth numbers of ring gear at the input side

Ze represents tooth numbers of ring gear at the output side

For example, in order to obtain the high gear ratio (i) in the reducer (A)

of this invention, the reducer must be designed so that the numbers of planetary

gear (9,10,11,12) at the input side as explained above are more than those of

planetary gear (13,14,15,16) at the output side and those of ring gear (7,8) at I/O

side become less.

If Za=12, Zb=15, Zb"=14, Zd=42, Ze=41, gear ratio (i) is as follows:

(Formula 2) And in order to obtain the low gear ratio in the reducer of this invention,

the reducer must be designed so that the numbers of planetary gear (9,10,11,12)

at the input side as explained above are less than those of planetary gear

(13,14,15,16) at the output side and those of ring gear (7,8) at I/O side become

more.

If Za=20, Zb=22, Zb"=25, Zd=64, Ze=65, gear ratio (i) is as follows:

(Formula 3)

As described above, the reducer (1) provided from this invention is a

differently designs tooth numbers of I/O planetary gear (9,10~15,16) and I/O ring

gear (7,8) and selectively supplies reducers with the high or low ratio. Since the

tooth numbers of I/O planetary gear (9,10~15,16) are different each other and

parallel between gear toots is not done, blocking functions are securely carried out and their function as a brake can be faithfully carried out.

Claims

what is claimed is:

1. Sun gear (2) is configured in a assembly on the input axis (1) inserted

into the fixed gear disk (3) and the axis hole of housing at the I/O side. One or

more I/O planetary gear (9,10~15,16) which are engaged with ring gear (7,8)

formed at the inside surface of above sun gear (2), flat gear disk (3) and output

axis (5), was equipped at the planetary gear type of reducer (A) configured so

that the rotation ratio of the input axis (1) can be delivered at a reduced ratio to

the output axis (5).

The reducer features the obtaining of gear ratio with a high ratio so that

the tooth numbers of planetary gear (9,10,11,12) at the above input side are more

than those of planetary gear (13,14,15,16) and those of ring gear at the I/O side

become less.

2. In the paragraph 1;

The reducer features the obtaining of gear ratio with a low ratio so that

than those of planetary gear (13,14,15,16) and those of ring gear at the I/O side become less.

3. In the paragraph 1,

The reducer features that tooth numbers of planetary gear (9,10~15,16) at

the I/O side, which is formed on the above concentric axis, is formed not to be

paralleled each other.