WO2000062619A1 - Procede de protection phytosanitaire contre les nematodes - Google Patents

Procede de protection phytosanitaire contre les nematodes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000062619A1
WO2000062619A1 PCT/IL2000/000233 IL0000233W WO0062619A1 WO 2000062619 A1 WO2000062619 A1 WO 2000062619A1 IL 0000233 W IL0000233 W IL 0000233W WO 0062619 A1 WO0062619 A1 WO 0062619A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plants
plant
compound
nematodes
effect
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2000/000233
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yuval Benyamini
Dan Orion
Original Assignee
Luxembourg Industries (Pamol) Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luxembourg Industries (Pamol) Ltd. filed Critical Luxembourg Industries (Pamol) Ltd.
Priority to AU39863/00A priority Critical patent/AU3986300A/en
Publication of WO2000062619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000062619A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a novel method for controlling nematodes.
  • Nematodes are tiny, unsegmented equatic roundworms that live in soil water or plant fluids and are generally transparent and colorless, with bodies ranging from 0.25 to 3.0 mm long.
  • the nematodes ' rate of activity, growth, and reproduction increases as soil temperature rises from about 10°C to about 32°C. For many nematodes a complete life cycle, at optimum temperature, is about 4 weeks.
  • Plant parasitic nematodes are usually of two kinds: ectoparasitic nematodes which live outside of roots and feed only on tissues which are accessible from outside the root; and endoparasitic nematodes that spend at least part of their life cycle inside the roots on which they feed.
  • Root-knot nematodes occur worldwide and most of them live most of their lives in the top soil layer.
  • Several species of parasitic nematodes including the root-knot nematodes belonging to the Meloidogyne species, the cyst nematodes belonging to the Heterodera species and Globodera species and other nematodes such as the Nacobbus species, cause severe damage and substantial crop losses.
  • Some common crop hosts of root-knot nematodes are soybeans, corn, millet, tobacco, ornamentals, peach, and many vegetables, among them: cucumber, pepper, potato, cabbage, and tomato.
  • Root-knot nematode Damage by root-knot nematode results primarily from the invasion of the plant roots by larvae which, in a compatible relationship with the plant, develop into the reproducing female. After invasion the larvae induces the root cells to develop into giant cells, which serve as their feeding zone. Upon infection galls or knots are formed on the roots and the plant roots become disturbed, thickened and stunted, and thus are eventually physiologically dysfunctional in the uptake of water and nutritional elements, such a dysfunction leads eventually to damage of plant growth and development.
  • the damage and/or yield reduction caused by root-knot nematodes has substantial effect on the total worldwide agriculture production. In individual stand yield losses can be as high as 25-50% of the crop.
  • Phosphorous acid and its salts are well known for their use in agriculture, especially as fertilizers and fungicides.
  • US 5,514,200 discloses fertilizers comprising a buffered composition of an organic phosphorous acid and salts thereof.
  • US 5.206,228 discloses a method for controlling arthropod pests comprises applying to the pests, or to an infested locus thereof, a phosphorous acid derivative. The method is said not to damage the plants and to be safe-to-use as well as environmentally friendly.
  • US 4,075,324 discloses fungicidal agents for combating fungal diseases in plants, which contain as active ingredients organic or inorganic compounds which release phosphorous acid.
  • US 5,736, 164 discloses fungicidal compositions containing phosphite and phosphate salts and derivatives thereof.
  • GB 2,279,252 discloses fungicidal compositions containing phosphorous acid and/or its salts, and treatment of plant seeds with phosphorous acid or its salt to protect them against fungi.
  • the present invention is based on the surprising finding that potassium phosphite which has well known activity as a fungicide, was also effective in reducing the galling index of tomato roots infected with root-knot nematodes.
  • the present invention concerns a method for controlling nematodes in plants comprising: applying to said plants, or in the vicinity of said plants, a nematicidally effective amount of at least one compound selected from phosphorous acid and salts thereof.
  • the compound applied is phosphorous acid (H 3 P0 3 ) and salts thereof, including potassium salts, ammonium salts, aluminum salts and sodium salts.
  • the phosphorous acid and salt are dissolved in water and the pH is adjusted to the range of 5 to 8.
  • the term “controlling" refers to a method, which reduces or eliminates infestation of the plant by nematodes.
  • the term “controlling” also refers to prevention of such infestation by nematodes before it occurs.
  • plant refers to agricultural crops including trees, such as banana, peach, vineyards, apple, and annual dicute crops belonging to families such as Solanacea, Cucurbitacea, Cruciferae, and to crops such as tomato, pepper, eggplant, tobacco, soybean, cucumber, cabbage and ornamentals.
  • nematodes refers to: nematodes from the order Tylenchida from families such as Pratylenchidae and Tylenchulidae, and genera such as Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Tylenchulus, etc.
  • the method refers to application of the phosphorous acid or salts thereof on any part of the plant, such as the leaves, the roots etc., and by any method of application, such as drenching, spray application, etc.
  • the method of the invention also concerns application of the compound in the vicinity of the plant, for example in the soil surrounding the plant.
  • Such application can be carried out by mixing the compounds in the soil prior to planting, by adding the compound to the irrigation water, or by direct spraying of the plant canopy.
  • application to the soil may be carried out by mixing the compound with fertilizers, which are used to fertilize the soil.
  • fertilizers which are used to fertilize the soil.
  • the term "nematicidally effective amount” refers to an amount of the compound which causes substantial reduction of the galling index of the plant, to an index below 2.0 accompanied by a reduction of at least 30% of the female population compared to the female population of the untreated plant. Such a reduction should be accompanied by no substantial decrease in fresh weight of the host plant.
  • the concentration of the phosphorous acid in the water base formulation is 10% to 60%, preferably 25% to 55% and most preferably 48% to 52%.
  • the dosage of application is of course appropriate to the species of the plant, and is correlated mainly with the size of the root system.
  • the dose is 50mg to 1 OOOmg active ingredient per plant, preferably 250mg to 750mg a.i. per plant, most preferably 400 to 600 mg a.i. per plant.
  • the method of the invention may comprise application of two different types of phosphorous acids and salts thereof, for example, a product that contains both potassium salt and ammonium salt of phosphorous acid.
  • the phosphorous acid or salts thereof may be administered together with other pesticides intended to combat other plant infestation such as with other fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, etc.
  • the phosphorous acid or its salts may be applied in a mixture together with other nematicides.
  • Fig. 1 shows the effect of different dosages of L973, applied by soil drench, on the galling index
  • Fig. 2 shows the effect of different dosages of L973, applied by soil drench on the development of nematode population
  • Fig. 3 shows the effect of different dosages of L973, applied by soil drench, on fresh weight host shoot;
  • Fig. 4 shows the effect of different concentrations of L973, applied to host foliage, on galling index
  • Fig. 5 shows the effect of different concentrations of L973, applied to host foliage, on fresh weight of host shoot
  • Fig. 6 shows a comparison between the effect of foliage spray and the effect of soil drench on galling index
  • Fig. 7 shows a comparison between the effect of foliage spray and the effect of soil drench on fresh weight of host shoot;
  • Fig. 8 shows the effect of different concentrations of L973 in the growth medium on the average number of galls in monoxenic tomatoes root culture;
  • Fig. 9 shows the effect of different concentrations of L973 in monoxenic tomatoes root culture, on the development of nematode population
  • Fig. 10 shows a comparison between the number of galls per petri dish in tomato roots treated with different amount of L973 and tomato roots of a genetically resistant species
  • Fig. 11 shows a comparison between the development of the nematode population in a genetically resistant species to the same development in non-resistant species treated with different amounts of L973
  • Fig. 12 compares the effect of soil drench of L973 (500 mg/plant) on galling index in roots of several different plants;
  • Fig. 13 compares the effect of soil drench of L973 (500 mg/plant) on the development of nematode population in different plants; and Fig. 14 compares the effect of soil drench of L973 (500 mg/plant) on fresh weight of the shoot in several different plants.
  • Fig. 15 compares between SEM image of giant cells in tomato's roots that were treated with L973 and similar images in control plants.
  • aqueous solution is referred to herein as L973, all the dosages mentioned referred to active ingredient quantity.
  • a six grade scale (from 0 to 5) of the gall covered portion of the host roots.
  • Example 1 Effect of L973 on root-knot nematode and the host plant when applied by soil drench.
  • L973 was diluted in 50 ml water/plant, and applied by drenching twice: three days before inoculation with the nematodes and two days after inoculation.
  • Fig. 1 shows that the galling index decreased from 4.5 in the control to between 1.5 - 2 in the two higher dosage treatments.
  • Fig. 2 shows the effect of the same treatment on the development of the nematode population. It is apparent from the figure that the female population was reduced from above 80% in the control to about 30%o in the 500 mg per plant treatment. In the two highest dosages of the compound tested most of the population was of juveniles.
  • Fig. 3 shows the effect of the same treatments on the fresh weight of host shoot.
  • a phytotoxic effect expressed by plant weight being substantially lower in treated plants as compared to control, was evident when the highest dosage was used.
  • Fig. 3 also demonstrates that in the 500 mg per plant treatment fresh weight of host shoots is much larger than in the controls, indicating that this dosage in fact improves the plant's physiological status, probably by decreasing dysfunction caused by nematode infestation.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 show that galling index was hardly affected by dipping application at concentration of less than 0.16%.
  • Fig. 5 shows the effect of foliar application on fresh weight of host shoot.
  • Fig. 7 shows the effect of the treatments on the fresh weight of host shoot. Phytotoxic effect seem to exist in the present spraying experiment, similar to the one found in the dipping experiment.
  • the tissue culture experiment was aimed at isolating the effect of L973 on the plant while eliminating the effects caused by its interaction with physical, chemical, and biotic factors that exist in soil.
  • food substrates for excised tomato roots were prepared according to the procedure suggested by Skoog Tsui and White as described in "A manual for Practical Work in Nematodology' * by s'Jacob, J. J. Bezooijen and J. V. Benzooijen pp. 1-52.
  • Different amounts of 5, 25, and 125 mg L973 were added per liter of the growth medium.
  • Excised tomato roots were put on the growth media in petri dishes and nearby a cluster of root-knot nematodes eggs were placed. The petri dishes were incubated in 25°C for three weeks.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show the results obtained.
  • Fig. 8 shows the average number of galls per culture and shows reduction of at least 50% in the galls number.
  • Fig. 9 shows the effect of the same treatment on the development of the nematode population and shows reduction in female population.
  • the purpose of the experiment was to compare results obtained by the L973 application to those obtained by use of tomato plants, which possess genetic resistance to nematodes (var. Shorshat 199-2).
  • Fig. 10 shows the average number of galls per dish .
  • Fig. 11 shows the effect of the same treatment on the development of the nematode population, i.e. percentage of females in the population.
  • the experiment was conducted in a glasshouse with controlled temperature of 25°C around the clock. 500mg of L973 were drenched in the soil surrounding each plant. The plants were cucumber, tomato and cabbage. Each was inoculated with about 2,000 eggs of root-knot nematodes, and was treated by L973 3 days before inoculation and 2 days after. The results achieved one month after planting are described in Figs. 12, 13 and 14.
  • Fig. 12 shows that in all three plant species the galling index was reduced to around 2. These results show that L973 can be nematicidally effective to other species rather than tomatoes.
  • Fig. 13 shows a substantial decrease in the population of female nematodes in cucumber and tomato and a less impressive decrease in the female population of cabbage. This figure also demonstrates that L973 is effective for controlling nematodes in various plants.
  • Fig. 14 shows the effect of L973 on the fresh weight of the shoot in various plants. It seems that some phytotoxic effect exists in each of them, including the tomato, which did not show such an effect in the greenhouse experiment. Therefore it may be suggested that the artificial conditions in the glasshouse are major contributors to the reduction in shoot weight, and that greenhouse experiments with cucumber and cabbage will also show nematicidally effectiveness with substantially no phytotoxic effect.
  • Example 7 comparison between SEM image of giant cells in tomato's roots that were treated with L973 and similar images in controls
  • Fig. 15A shows a scanning electron microscope image of giant cells in tomato's roots. The plants were treated with 500 mg per plant of L973 applied by soil drench. It is clearly evident from the image that the giant cells are empty.
  • Fig. 15B shows a scanning electron microscope image of giant cells in a control tomato's roots. It is clearly evident from the image that the giant cells are full of active cytoplasm.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de protection contre les nématodes dans des plantes, ledit procédé consistant à appliquer aux plantes ou au voisinage des plantes, une quantité efficace du point de vue nématocide d'au moins un acide phosphoreux ou d'un de ses sels.
PCT/IL2000/000233 1999-04-20 2000-04-19 Procede de protection phytosanitaire contre les nematodes WO2000062619A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU39863/00A AU3986300A (en) 1999-04-20 2000-04-19 A method for controlling nematodes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL12952899A IL129528A0 (en) 1999-04-20 1999-04-20 Pesticides
IL129528 1999-04-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000062619A1 true WO2000062619A1 (fr) 2000-10-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL2000/000233 WO2000062619A1 (fr) 1999-04-20 2000-04-19 Procede de protection phytosanitaire contre les nematodes

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AU (1) AU3986300A (fr)
IL (1) IL129528A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000062619A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1983834A2 (fr) * 2006-01-24 2008-10-29 Bromine Compounds Ltd. Nouvelles compositions pesticides
WO2022053640A1 (fr) * 2020-09-10 2022-03-17 Primingtec Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt) Mélanges contenant du phosphonate de calcium et du phosphonate de magnésium en tant que pesticides

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4075324A (en) * 1973-11-26 1978-02-21 Pepro Fungicidal compositions containing phosphorous acid and derivatives thereof
EP0249566A1 (fr) * 1986-05-09 1987-12-16 Rhone-Poulenc Agrochimie Compositions bactéricides à base de dérivés de l'acide phosphoreux
GB2295772A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-12 Louise Rene Cooke Fungicidal treatment of tubers
FR2732191A1 (fr) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-04 Rhone Poulenc Agrochimie Procede de traitement antifongique des bananiers
FR2771900A1 (fr) * 1997-12-01 1999-06-11 Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Composition pour la lutte contre les organismes vivants nuisibles et son procede d'utilisation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4075324A (en) * 1973-11-26 1978-02-21 Pepro Fungicidal compositions containing phosphorous acid and derivatives thereof
EP0249566A1 (fr) * 1986-05-09 1987-12-16 Rhone-Poulenc Agrochimie Compositions bactéricides à base de dérivés de l'acide phosphoreux
GB2295772A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-12 Louise Rene Cooke Fungicidal treatment of tubers
FR2732191A1 (fr) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-04 Rhone Poulenc Agrochimie Procede de traitement antifongique des bananiers
FR2771900A1 (fr) * 1997-12-01 1999-06-11 Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Composition pour la lutte contre les organismes vivants nuisibles et son procede d'utilisation

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1983834A2 (fr) * 2006-01-24 2008-10-29 Bromine Compounds Ltd. Nouvelles compositions pesticides
EP1983834A4 (fr) * 2006-01-24 2013-05-29 Bromine Compounds Ltd Nouvelles compositions pesticides
WO2022053640A1 (fr) * 2020-09-10 2022-03-17 Primingtec Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt) Mélanges contenant du phosphonate de calcium et du phosphonate de magnésium en tant que pesticides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL129528A0 (en) 2000-02-29
AU3986300A (en) 2000-11-02

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