WO2000055285A1 - A candle - Google Patents

A candle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000055285A1
WO2000055285A1 PCT/GB2000/000838 GB0000838W WO0055285A1 WO 2000055285 A1 WO2000055285 A1 WO 2000055285A1 GB 0000838 W GB0000838 W GB 0000838W WO 0055285 A1 WO0055285 A1 WO 0055285A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
candle
metal layer
metallic foil
metallic
carrier film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2000/000838
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrew Bayliff
Frank Andrews
Original Assignee
Dussek Campbell Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dussek Campbell Limited filed Critical Dussek Campbell Limited
Priority to AU33029/00A priority Critical patent/AU3302900A/en
Publication of WO2000055285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000055285A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/002—Ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/10—Applying flat materials, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics
    • B44C1/14—Metallic leaves or foils, e.g. gold leaf
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1712—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive
    • B44C1/1729—Hot stamping techniques
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/008—Candles characterised by their form; Composite candles, e.g. candles containing zones of different composition, inclusions, or the like

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a candle.
  • this invention concerns a candle having a metallic finish.
  • Candles having a metallic finish are very appealing to consumers.
  • the metallic finish is achieved by, for example: dipping a candle into a hot melt containing metallic flakes; or painting a metallic paint on to a candle.
  • the metallic paint is usually solvent based and includes flakes of metal such as aluminium. Solvent based paints are now considered to be environmentally unfriendly and a health risk.
  • a cooling period of, for example, 30 minutes is required.
  • An excess of hot melt is usually used in this method, which is costly to the manufacturer. Furthermore, the excess hot melt can cause poor burning of the candle and the aluminium flakes can be transported to the wick which can lead to blocking.
  • a candle is painted with a metallic paint, the candle needs to be left to dry for, for example, 2 hours.
  • Dipping a candle in a hot melt or painting a candle with a metallic paint produces a random scattering of the metallic flakes. It is therefore difficult to obtain high reflectivity or achieve a predetermined pattern using these methods.
  • Vapour deposition may also be used to apply a metal layer to a candle.
  • metal deposition is time consuming and costly because it is a discontinuous process.
  • An aim of the present invention is to provide a candle having an improved metallic finish.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide a candle having a holographic visual effect.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a candle having an improved metallic finish.
  • a candle having a metal layer which has been applied thereto.
  • the metallic finish achieved by the present invention is visually far superior to the metallic finish currently achieved by candle manufacturers using current methods.
  • the metal layer is preferably applied using heat and/or pressure.
  • the metal layer is preferably applied using a metallic foil which includes the metal layer carried on a carrier film.
  • the metal layer either on the candle or on the metallic foil preferably has a thickness of less than 5 microns, preferably less than 3 microns, more preferably less than 2 microns, and most preferably less than or around 1 micron.
  • the vertical surface of the candle is covered in the metal layer.
  • the metal layer preferably has a lacquer layer thereon.
  • Metallic foils are commonly used in highly decorative packaging and greetings cards. They usually comprise a carrier film (e.g. polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thickness of, for example, 10-20 microns) with other layers coated thereon.
  • the coated layers usually include in the following order, a very thin pressure sensitive and/or heat sensitive release layer (having a thickness of, for example, less than 1 micron) to aid removal of the coated layers from the carrier film, a lacquer layer (having a thickness of, for example, around 1 micron ), a vacuum deposited reflective metal layer (such as, for example, an aluminium layer) and, optionally, an adhesive layer (having a thickness of, for example, around 1.5 microns).
  • the lacquer layer and/or metal layer can be given a surface structure that will interfere with light so that a holographic and/or diffractive effect is provided when viewed in appropriate lighting.
  • metallic foils examples include: 167 016, Silver Kaleidoscope (diffractive type), and 537 003, bright gold metallic, both of which are available from API Universal Foils Ltd.
  • the metallic foil preferably also includes a pressure and/or heat activated release layer between the metal layer and the carrier layer. Furthermore, the metal is preferably transferred to the candle using pressure and/or heat to activate the release layer so that the metal layer is separated from the carrier layer and is applied to the surface of the candle.
  • An adhesive layer may be applied to the candle before the metallic foil is placed on to the candle.
  • Suitable adhesives may include thermosetting and thermoplastic systems selected from solvent-based, water-based, UV-activated and heat-activated (known as 'hot melt'). Examples include rubber based systems, epoxy-amine systems, acrylics, polyurethanes, polysulphides and others known in the art to a skilled person.
  • a requirement of the adhesive is that it remains in a tacky state to adhere well to the candle and the foil when applied but then converts to a more solid consistency to render the resulting candle resistant to damage.
  • the metallic foil is preferably a hot stamp metallic foil.
  • the hot stamp metallic foil preferably includes a metal layer, a flexible carrier layer (e.g. a polyester material), a heat-activated release layer between the metal layer and the carrier layer to ease separation of the two layers, and a heat-activated adhesive on top of the metal layer.
  • the metallic foil may also include a lacquer coating between the metal layer and the release layer, which is based on, for example, nitrocellulose/polymethacrylate blends. The use of heat and/or pressure activates the release layer and the heat-activated adhesive and results in firm adhesion of the metal layer to the candle. The carrier layer can then be removed from the surface of the candle.
  • the heat can be provided by a hot metal surface which preferably has a temperature of from 5 to 30°C above the melt point of the wax in the candle.
  • the carrier film is preferably removed from the candle at an angle of greater than 90° to the surface of the candle.
  • the metal layer should collapse in a coherent mass on burning of the candle in order not to obstruct the view of the flame nor be substantially transported to the wick and affect its burning properties.
  • the metal layer is preferably applied using a continuous automatic machine.
  • the attached figure shows a suitable machine.
  • the metal layer is in the form of a metallic foil 3 including the metal layer 4 carried on a continuous carrier film 5, which are shown separate for diagrammatic purposes only.
  • the metal layer 4 and the carrier film 5 are preferably joined using a heat and/or pressure sensitive release layer.
  • the metal layer 4 is placed in contact with the surface of a cylindrical candle 1 , and pressure and/or heat are used to cause the release layer to release the metal layer 4 from the carrier film 5, and to apply the metal layer to the candle 1.
  • a heated roller 2 may be used to supply the heat and pressure. It is preferred that the release layer releases the metal layer from the carrier film before the surface of the candle substantially melts.
  • the carrier film may be collected on roller 6.
  • a commercially available hot stamp metallic foil obtained from API Universal Foils Ltd., was wrapped around a cylindrical candle (moulded from fully refined paraffin wax 135/40) with the carrier film outermost.
  • the hot stamp metallic foil was temporarily secured to the candle using a staple.
  • the candle was then rolled across the flat surface of an electrical hot plate, having a surface temperature of approximately 85°C, at a rate such that the surface layer of candle in contact with the metallic foil melted.
  • the candle was removed from the hot plate and allowed to cool.
  • the staple was removed and the carrier film of the metallic foil was peeled off the candle. A bright metallic metal layer was left on the candle.
  • the candle was moulded from fully refined paraffin wax 135 / 40.
  • the grades of foils used were, 167 016, Silver kaleidoscope and 537 003, Gold metallic.

Abstract

A candle (1) having a metal layer (4) which has been applied thereto. The metal layer is preferably applied using heat and/or pressure. The metal layer is preferably supplied in the form of a metallic foil (3) which includes the metal layer (4) carried on a carrier film (5). The metallic foil (3) is preferably a hot stamp metallic foil. The metal layer (4) preferably has a thickness of less than 5 microns, more preferably less than 3 microns, even more preferably less than 2 microns, and most preferably around 1 micron. The metal layer may be applied using a continuous automatic machine.

Description

A Candle
This invention concerns a candle. In particular, this invention concerns a candle having a metallic finish.
Candles having a metallic finish are very appealing to consumers. The metallic finish is achieved by, for example: dipping a candle into a hot melt containing metallic flakes; or painting a metallic paint on to a candle.
The metallic paint is usually solvent based and includes flakes of metal such as aluminium. Solvent based paints are now considered to be environmentally unfriendly and a health risk.
If a candle is dipped into a hot melt containing metallic flakes, a cooling period of, for example, 30 minutes, is required. An excess of hot melt is usually used in this method, which is costly to the manufacturer. Furthermore, the excess hot melt can cause poor burning of the candle and the aluminium flakes can be transported to the wick which can lead to blocking.
If a candle is painted with a metallic paint, the candle needs to be left to dry for, for example, 2 hours.
Dipping a candle in a hot melt or painting a candle with a metallic paint produces a random scattering of the metallic flakes. It is therefore difficult to obtain high reflectivity or achieve a predetermined pattern using these methods.
Vapour deposition may also be used to apply a metal layer to a candle. However, metal deposition is time consuming and costly because it is a discontinuous process.
An aim of the present invention is to provide a candle having an improved metallic finish. A further aim of the present invention is to provide a candle having a holographic visual effect.
A further aim of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a candle having an improved metallic finish.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a candle having a metal layer which has been applied thereto.
The metallic finish achieved by the present invention is visually far superior to the metallic finish currently achieved by candle manufacturers using current methods.
The metal layer is preferably applied using heat and/or pressure.
The metal layer is preferably applied using a metallic foil which includes the metal layer carried on a carrier film.
The metal layer either on the candle or on the metallic foil preferably has a thickness of less than 5 microns, preferably less than 3 microns, more preferably less than 2 microns, and most preferably less than or around 1 micron.
Preferably essentially all of the vertical surface of the candle is covered in the metal layer.
The metal layer preferably has a lacquer layer thereon.
Metallic foils are commonly used in highly decorative packaging and greetings cards. They usually comprise a carrier film (e.g. polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thickness of, for example, 10-20 microns) with other layers coated thereon. The coated layers usually include in the following order, a very thin pressure sensitive and/or heat sensitive release layer (having a thickness of, for example, less than 1 micron) to aid removal of the coated layers from the carrier film, a lacquer layer (having a thickness of, for example, around 1 micron ), a vacuum deposited reflective metal layer (such as, for example, an aluminium layer) and, optionally, an adhesive layer (having a thickness of, for example, around 1.5 microns). The lacquer layer and/or metal layer can be given a surface structure that will interfere with light so that a holographic and/or diffractive effect is provided when viewed in appropriate lighting.
Examples of metallic foils are: 167 016, Silver Kaleidoscope (diffractive type), and 537 003, bright gold metallic, both of which are available from API Universal Foils Ltd.
In accordance with the present invention there is also provided a method for applying a metal layer to a candle, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a metallic foil including a metal layer carried on a carrier layer;
(b) placing the metallic foil on to the candle, the metal layer being in contact with the surface of the candle;
(c) transferring the metal layer on to the candle; and
(d) removing the carrier layer from the candle; the metal layer remaining on the candle surface.
In the method above, the metallic foil preferably also includes a pressure and/or heat activated release layer between the metal layer and the carrier layer. Furthermore, the metal is preferably transferred to the candle using pressure and/or heat to activate the release layer so that the metal layer is separated from the carrier layer and is applied to the surface of the candle.
An adhesive layer may be applied to the candle before the metallic foil is placed on to the candle. Suitable adhesives may include thermosetting and thermoplastic systems selected from solvent-based, water-based, UV-activated and heat-activated (known as 'hot melt'). Examples include rubber based systems, epoxy-amine systems, acrylics, polyurethanes, polysulphides and others known in the art to a skilled person. A requirement of the adhesive is that it remains in a tacky state to adhere well to the candle and the foil when applied but then converts to a more solid consistency to render the resulting candle resistant to damage.
The metallic foil is preferably a hot stamp metallic foil. The hot stamp metallic foil preferably includes a metal layer, a flexible carrier layer (e.g. a polyester material), a heat-activated release layer between the metal layer and the carrier layer to ease separation of the two layers, and a heat-activated adhesive on top of the metal layer. The metallic foil may also include a lacquer coating between the metal layer and the release layer, which is based on, for example, nitrocellulose/polymethacrylate blends. The use of heat and/or pressure activates the release layer and the heat-activated adhesive and results in firm adhesion of the metal layer to the candle. The carrier layer can then be removed from the surface of the candle.
The heat can be provided by a hot metal surface which preferably has a temperature of from 5 to 30°C above the melt point of the wax in the candle.
In the method for applying the metal layer of the metallic foil on to the candle, the carrier film is preferably removed from the candle at an angle of greater than 90° to the surface of the candle.
The metal layer should collapse in a coherent mass on burning of the candle in order not to obstruct the view of the flame nor be substantially transported to the wick and affect its burning properties.
The metal layer is preferably applied using a continuous automatic machine. The attached figure shows a suitable machine. The metal layer is in the form of a metallic foil 3 including the metal layer 4 carried on a continuous carrier film 5, which are shown separate for diagrammatic purposes only. The metal layer 4 and the carrier film 5 are preferably joined using a heat and/or pressure sensitive release layer. The metal layer 4 is placed in contact with the surface of a cylindrical candle 1 , and pressure and/or heat are used to cause the release layer to release the metal layer 4 from the carrier film 5, and to apply the metal layer to the candle 1. A heated roller 2 may be used to supply the heat and pressure. It is preferred that the release layer releases the metal layer from the carrier film before the surface of the candle substantially melts. The carrier film may be collected on roller 6.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the following example:
A commercially available hot stamp metallic foil, obtained from API Universal Foils Ltd., was wrapped around a cylindrical candle (moulded from fully refined paraffin wax 135/40) with the carrier film outermost.
The hot stamp metallic foil was temporarily secured to the candle using a staple.
The candle was then rolled across the flat surface of an electrical hot plate, having a surface temperature of approximately 85°C, at a rate such that the surface layer of candle in contact with the metallic foil melted.
The candle was removed from the hot plate and allowed to cool.
The staple was removed and the carrier film of the metallic foil was peeled off the candle. A bright metallic metal layer was left on the candle.
(The candle was moulded from fully refined paraffin wax 135 / 40. The grades of foils used were, 167 016, Silver kaleidoscope and 537 003, Gold metallic.)

Claims

Claims
1. A candle having a metal layer which has been applied thereto.
2. The candle claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal layer has been applied using heat and/or pressure.
3. The candle claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal layer is applied using a metallic foil which includes the metal layer carried on a carrier film.
4. The candle claimed in claim 3, wherein the metallic foil is a hot stamp metallic foil.
5. The candle claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal layer has a thickness of less than 5 microns, preferably less than 3 microns, more preferably less than 2 microns, and most preferably around 1 micron.
6. The candle claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal layer has a diffractive and/or holographic visual effect.
7. A method for applying a metal layer to a candle, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a metallic foil including a metal layer carried on a carrier film;
(b) placing the metallic foil on to the candle, the metal layer being in contact with the surface of the candle;
(c) applying the metal layer on to the surface of the candle; and
(d) removing the carrier film from the candle; the metal layer remaining on the candle.
8. The method claimed in claim 7, wherein the metal layer is applied to the surface of the candle using pressure and/or heat.
9. The method claimed in claims 7 or 8, wherein the carrier film is removed from the candle at an angle of greater than 90° to the surface of the candle.
10. The method claimed in claims 8 or 9, wherein the heat applied in the hot stamping process is provided by a hot surface having a temperature of from 5 to 30°C above the melt point of the wax in the candle.
PCT/GB2000/000838 1999-03-12 2000-03-10 A candle WO2000055285A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU33029/00A AU3302900A (en) 1999-03-12 2000-03-10 A candle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9905654.1 1999-03-12
GBGB9905654.1A GB9905654D0 (en) 1999-03-12 1999-03-12 A candle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000055285A1 true WO2000055285A1 (en) 2000-09-21

Family

ID=10849456

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2000/000838 WO2000055285A1 (en) 1999-03-12 2000-03-10 A candle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3302900A (en)
GB (1) GB9905654D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2000055285A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1034166C2 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-20 Hendrikus Antinius Van Dijk Candle provided with a foil and method for manufacturing a candle.
CN102166897A (en) * 2010-12-23 2011-08-31 陈春雄 Candle gold stamping process

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR357963A (en) * 1905-08-16 1906-01-22 Charles Augustus Spies Improvements to the bougiers
FR1476737A (en) * 1966-02-25 1967-04-14 Decorative candles
DE1467541A1 (en) * 1965-07-06 1969-01-16 Vollmar Wachs W Method of making candles
GB1203826A (en) * 1967-09-19 1970-09-03 Rubin Warsager Multicolour surface decoration and process for producing same
FR2159538A1 (en) * 1973-01-23 1973-06-22 Clapin Wax candle - metallised on surface
GB2152433A (en) * 1984-01-03 1985-08-07 Oike Kogyo Kk Stamping foil
DD228707A3 (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-10-16 Wittol Wittenberg Veb METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COLORED CANDLES AND WAX FORMING BODIES WITH METALLIC SURFACE EFFECT
GB2175994A (en) * 1985-05-31 1986-12-10 Kwok Wai Shi Candles
US5487658A (en) * 1993-03-26 1996-01-30 Lee; Seung-Soo Safety device for novelty candle holders
WO1998023453A1 (en) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Bubeck, Oliver Method for printing objects with colour motifs

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR357963A (en) * 1905-08-16 1906-01-22 Charles Augustus Spies Improvements to the bougiers
DE1467541A1 (en) * 1965-07-06 1969-01-16 Vollmar Wachs W Method of making candles
FR1476737A (en) * 1966-02-25 1967-04-14 Decorative candles
GB1203826A (en) * 1967-09-19 1970-09-03 Rubin Warsager Multicolour surface decoration and process for producing same
FR2159538A1 (en) * 1973-01-23 1973-06-22 Clapin Wax candle - metallised on surface
DD228707A3 (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-10-16 Wittol Wittenberg Veb METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COLORED CANDLES AND WAX FORMING BODIES WITH METALLIC SURFACE EFFECT
GB2152433A (en) * 1984-01-03 1985-08-07 Oike Kogyo Kk Stamping foil
GB2175994A (en) * 1985-05-31 1986-12-10 Kwok Wai Shi Candles
US5487658A (en) * 1993-03-26 1996-01-30 Lee; Seung-Soo Safety device for novelty candle holders
WO1998023453A1 (en) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Bubeck, Oliver Method for printing objects with colour motifs

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1034166C2 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-20 Hendrikus Antinius Van Dijk Candle provided with a foil and method for manufacturing a candle.
WO2009011587A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Hendrikus Antonius Van Dijk Candle provided with a foil, and method and apparatus for manufacturing a candle
NL2001825C (en) * 2007-07-19 2010-04-13 Hendrikus Antonius Van Dijk CANDLE EQUIPPED WITH A FOIL AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A CANDLE.
CN102166897A (en) * 2010-12-23 2011-08-31 陈春雄 Candle gold stamping process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3302900A (en) 2000-10-04
GB9905654D0 (en) 1999-05-05

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