WO2000049561A1 - Systemes d'identification permettant d'identifier l'utilisation des cartes de services a bande magnetique - Google Patents

Systemes d'identification permettant d'identifier l'utilisation des cartes de services a bande magnetique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000049561A1
WO2000049561A1 PCT/US1999/003687 US9903687W WO0049561A1 WO 2000049561 A1 WO2000049561 A1 WO 2000049561A1 US 9903687 W US9903687 W US 9903687W WO 0049561 A1 WO0049561 A1 WO 0049561A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnetic stripe
card
signal
user input
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/003687
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Arthur A. Krause
Original Assignee
Cardlogix Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cardlogix Corporation filed Critical Cardlogix Corporation
Priority to PCT/US1999/003687 priority Critical patent/WO2000049561A1/fr
Publication of WO2000049561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000049561A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/08—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes
    • G06K7/082—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes using inductive or magnetic sensors
    • G06K7/083—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes using inductive or magnetic sensors inductive
    • G06K7/084—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes using inductive or magnetic sensors inductive sensing magnetic material by relative movement detecting flux changes without altering its magnetised state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06187—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with magnetically detectable marking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06187—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with magnetically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06196—Constructional details

Definitions

  • This invention is generally concerned with authenticity verification systems for use with transaction cards and is specifically concerned with transaction cards which are operable for self-enabling and self-disabling in response to authenticity procedures and methods.
  • Cards such as "smart" cards, credit cards, debit cards, access cards, et cetera, are common forms of a general group known as transaction cards.
  • Examples of such transactions may include but are not limited to: access to restricted locations, financial and "point-of-sale” transactions, personal identification, and document authentication.
  • Secured areas may have access restrictions which limit admission to certain persons having access authority. Sophisticated systems which interrogate biometric features such as cornea patterns or fingerprints have been used to identify authorized persons for access. Similarly, valuable documents sensitive to counterfeit may incorporate security measures which provide for authenticity.
  • a driver's license has a photograph to associate the document with a particular person and to prevent use of the document by others. Passports may include photographs and further use of official seals including hard to reproduce holograms to provide for authenticating the documents. Each of the described situations have the requirement that an authorized person be properly identified. Whereas security for access to restricted locations typically requires extremely sophisticated verification means, and whereas driver's license documents may be sufficiently authenticated by simple photographs, point-of- sale (POS) transactions have features associated therewith which are particularly suitable for certain other security and authentication systems.
  • POS point-of- sale
  • POS transaction systems include: the requirement that systems be quick and easy to use; do not require salespersons attention or time; supports a large number of transactions; is tamper resistant; and is compatible with common devices presently in place, for example credit cards, debit cards and others. Indeed, as is illustrated by recent activity in development of various systems, great attention has been directed to POS authentication devices and methods.
  • the instant invention is concerned with the enablement and disablement of a transaction card via writing and erasing data to a magnetic stripe thereon the card in response to a user input.
  • Systems of the invention are distinguished from those of the prior art in that they provide a very high level of compatibility with present standard systems in use yet provide far higher level of security than is attainable by those devices and methods of the art.
  • the invention provides a card which is operable for receiving a user input, validating that input and responding to valid input by enabling a standard format magnetic stripe, and further operable for disabling same magnetic stripe after use thereby preventing further use by unauthorized persons.
  • the invention provides for a transaction card having a magnetic stripe which can be enabled and disabled via a transducer incorporated into the card where the transducer is driven by a microprocessor in response to a user input.
  • User input may be a personal identification (PIN) type code entry, alternatively, a biometric input such as a fingerprint verification system, or other input, serves to associate the card with its authorized user.
  • PIN personal identification
  • biometric input such as a fingerprint verification system, or other input
  • a transaction card user enters via a keypad integrated therein, a code which is compared by a microprocessor to a previously stored reference for coincidence. Detection of coincidence results in enablement of the data on the magnetic stripe, and lack of coincidence results in disablement of the data on the magnetic stripe.
  • While the invention provides particular benefits to transactions such as point- of-sale type financial transactions, it may also be useful for other transactions requiring verification of use of a object or document by authorized persons.
  • a primary object of the present invention to provide a system of security for objects and documents. It is a further object of the invention to provide security for transaction card devices. It is further an object of the invention to provide a transaction card security system having a high degree of compatibility with respect to equipment, methodology, habits, standards of existing arts. It is still further an object of the invention to provide a card which is inexpensive to produce.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of some of the components of a transaction card of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the interaction of electric current with magnetic media
  • Figure 3 is similar diagram where the magnetic media is a stripe;
  • Figure 4 is a plot of applied current verses magnetic response of a magnetic medium;
  • Figure 5 is a similar plot showing the response to a special signal having a particular time dependence
  • Figure 6 is an illustration of one version of a data format
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram of major components of some devices of the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a flow diagram for a version of a method of the invention.
  • transaction card generally refers to a credit or debit type card
  • a transaction card of the invention can be any document or object which benefits from a security system which prevents unauthorized use thereof.
  • a “magnetic stripe” of the invention is meant to be a magnetic medium which is operable for maintaining recorded data where the data can be written to and erased from the medium.
  • a “transducer” of the invention is a device which is driven by electrical signals and provides a magnetic field or fields effective for writing data to and erasing data from the magnetic stripe.
  • Use of the terms “enabled” and “disabled” refer to the condition of the data on the magnetic stripe.
  • An “enabled” magnetic stripe has data recorded thereon which can be read by a magnetic media scanner.
  • a “disabled” magnetic stripe is one having data scrambled or erased such that a scanner cannot properly read data and information from the stripe. It is important to note that “disabled” essentially refers to the data on the stripe and not to recording mechanisms of the stripe.
  • User input sometimes refers to a code, or sequence, or personal identification number PIN entered by way of a keypad or other user input means, alternatively, it refers to an operation to affect a biometric measurement such as placing a finger to a detector to read the fingerprint of a user.
  • Driven refers to activation of the transducer to operate on the magnetic stripe.
  • “Response” means that the system acts in accordance with the particular user input.
  • Transaction cards of the invention may be embodied in many forms.
  • the card may have the identical appearance of a simple credit card. Since it is an object of the invention to provide cards compatible with presently known systems, a card which resembles commonly used cards but having incorporated therein extra security features is preferred.
  • a card of the present invention may be configured to incorporate many of the same mechanical attributes which are used in common magnetic stripe cards. The same dimensions and measurements of standard cards may be applied to cards of preferred embodiments presented herefollowing.
  • a first version incorporates a PIN system to allow user to enter a code as user input which activates the magnetic stripe.
  • a second version incorporates a biometric input means which reads a user's fingerprint and compares that data to a prerecorded data set for verification. In response to a positive comparison result, the cards magnetic stripe may be enabled.
  • transaction cards of certain preferred versions of the invention have the following major components: a card 1, a keypad 2, a transducer 3, an energy source 4, a microprocessor 5, a magnetic medium 6, and a data track or data tracks 7. When assembled together, these elements occupy the space between two planar surfaces of the card, the card being of a standard size as set forth in ISO standards 7811/ 1-5, among others.
  • the card 1 can be made of inexpensive plastics or other materials compatible with microelectronic manufacture techniques.
  • the energy source 4 can be a simple battery sufficient for providing energy to a microprocessor and to a transducer 3.
  • a rechargable battery may be configured to receive energy via simple external contacts or alternatively via an induction system.
  • a microcontroller or microprocessor 5 is a micro-integrated circuit device operable for performing logic operations, retaining microcode type information, executing that microcode, storing data, recalling data, comparing data, receiving inputs from sources outside the processor, transmitting output signals to output devices, and other functions common to such devices.
  • a keypad 2 is operable for converting user tactile input into electrical signals compatible with processing routines of the microprocessor and is in electrical communication therewith said microprocessor.
  • Data tracks 7 are areas on the magnetic medium which contain data in the form of spatially modulated magnetized regions.
  • the data tracks can be arranged in many ways, but very detailed specifications set forth in the ISO standards suggest a format which is desirable in best embodiments of the invention. Although only one track is shown in the Figure 1, cards generally have two or three data tracks. Extension to multiple tracks is clearly anticipated. The elements mentioned so far are known to have been used with other transaction card type devices.
  • the transducer 3 and special magnetic medium 6, sometimes herein called a magnetic stripe, are elements unique to this invention and a detailed explanation of each follows.
  • the magnetic medium 6 is similar to other known magnetic media, except that it has sensitivity properties which may be different.
  • magnetic media of the invention has a lower coercivity, i.e. is more responsive than comparable, frequently used media.
  • sensitivity or coercivity of that media is about 300 Orstead.
  • permanently it is meant that the data is intended to be long-lived and is not changeable from day to day by the user. Of course, the cards can be erased and rewritten but this is not a normal procedure and an issuing institution is likely to do this operation.
  • Cards of the invention by comparison have a "dynamic" magnetic stripe.
  • This medium is compatible with frequent changes in the state of the data it contains.
  • a magnetic medium which has a coercivity between 3 and 200 Orstead may be used in some preferred embodiments.
  • Coercivities less than 3 Orstead may not be useful for maintaining data as even the Earth's magnetic fields, fields which normal use of the cards may result in adverse exposure thereto, and may affect the data thereon.
  • electrical devices used in conjunction with cards such as card readers, scanners, electronic cash registers, et cetera, may also expose cards to magnetic fields having a magnitude strong enough to affect such sensitive materials.
  • a magnetic material having a sensitivity of 130 Orstead may be ideal as data could easily be written with small amounts of energy and that data may be stable in fields to which the card would normally be exposed.
  • Other properties and sizes of magnetic media useful in various versions of the invention may be exactly the same as commonly used materials.
  • the direction of the magnetic field in the plane of the magnetic material 23 is illustrated by the arrows 25. That is also the direction of magnetization which will remain on the material after the current ceases.
  • the example in Figure 2 is then expanded to a more complicated illustration in Figure 3.
  • a second wire is introduced to the scheme and the magnetic material is extended into a long rectangular format or a stripe 31.
  • the second wire can have a current passing therethrough in the opposite direction compared to the first wire, thus causing a magnetic field 33 in the opposite direction.
  • the "recorded" field 35 is opposite in direction to the "recorded” field 34.
  • Figure 5 shows a current pulse 51 as a function of time that is sinusoidal and continuously decreasing in amplitude.
  • the same plot of applied current 52 verses resultant magnetic field 53 yields a curve as shown 54.
  • the field remaining on the magnetic material is negligible.
  • Application of a pulse as described is sometimes herein referred to as "erasing” or “disabling” the data on the medium.
  • an applied current will pass through one wire first and the other wire second in directions appropriate to cause the fields shown.
  • a circuit of wire having a single current which produces fields on the stripe in various locations can be repeated many times along the stripe to create a circuit of wire having a single current which produces fields on the stripe in various locations.
  • the exact locations of the wires can be manipulated to form some desired spatial pattern. Indeed, the spatial pattern on magnetic stripes is well known to be useful for encoding said stripes with digital information relating to the function of the cards containing such stripes.
  • ISO standards for transaction cards call for a character of five bits, four data bits and a parity bit.
  • a circuit can be arranged as in Figure 6.
  • a single wire 64 is formed into a pattern of right angles forming a particular spatial pattern.
  • the dotted lines indicate that when in close proximity the wire and magnetic material have corresponding areas.
  • the arrows indicate the direction of magnetization if the wire is laid on top of the stripe as drawn with current from the left.
  • the dotted lines separate the stripe into "bit bins" where each bin contains one bit of data. There are five bit bins shown in the figure. A data bit corresponding to a " 1 " is recorded by having a change in the direction of magnetization within the bit bin. The direction of magnetization always changes between bit bins. This convention is well known in the art but is restated here to reinforce the relationship between the pattern and the transducer 3 (64 in this example) which is new.
  • bit bins indicated by 63 contain therefore data "0"s and the bit bins indicated by 65 contain data "l”s.
  • the spatial pattern of the wire in Figure 6 is effective for writing a character "1001" having a parity bit of "1" to a magnetic stripe.
  • magnetic stripes on transaction cards may contain many characters and the structure illustrated is extendible to a plurality of characters as appropriate for the occasion of interest.
  • transducer For illustrations of the best contemplated transducer, a simple single strand wire was shown. The reader will appreciate that other forms of transducers may be useful for providing a spatially varying magnetic fields and thereby serve to "write" data to a magnetic stripe. Coils of wires, multiple current carrying conductors together, printed circuits, et cetera all may serve the task without deviating from the objective which is to convert electrical energy into magnetic energy in a spatially distributed manner. Since the ISO standards for transaction cards can require a bit density of up to 210 bits per inch, the conductors which produce useful magnetic patterns are necessarily small. Their size is compatible with printed circuit technologies. Thus to form appropriate transducers, methods of printed circuits and other lithographic techniques are completely anticipated.
  • advanced versions of the invention may include a transducer whose spatial pattern is dynamically altered in view of additional circuitry.
  • the data which is written to the magnetic stripe can be changed in accordance with rules dictated by the microprocessor. This is readily achieved in consideration of the transducer pattern.
  • the transducer may be envisaged as being comprised of vertical writing elements and horizontal connecting elements; the connecting elements joining any two vertical elements. If each connecting element is provided a gate and current source mechanism via electronic devices like transistors, then any chosen vertical elements may be selectively turned “on” or "off”. In this way, the patterns which may be written in any particular card may be controlled and be different than the patterns which may be written to another card. The particular pattern written may thus be set by the microprocessor and not by the physical pattern of the transducer.
  • secondary elements include: a data store 75, comparator 76, enable pulse generator 77, disable pulse generator 78. These elements are usually just additional functions of the microprocessor and the general case above having a "microprocessor" is considered to include these secondary elements.
  • Figure 7 shows a block diagram of a transaction card 71 having all of the elements within the card as it is with the actual mechanical device.
  • a keypad 72 is available for user inputs and is in communication 73 electronically with the microprocessor 74. Tactile input from a user is converted to an electronic pulse or pulses and those pulses are transmitted to the microprocessor.
  • a data store 75 within the microprocessor may have predetermined data such as a code stored therein.
  • the data store is connected to a comparator such that the code can be recalled and transmitted thereto.
  • This code has similar function to the PIN used for ATM cards.
  • the code is compared to the user input in a comparator 76, to detect concurrence between them. If the comparator detects that the user input code has been properly entered, then it activates an enable pulse generator 77. Alternatively, if the code is not correctly entered the comparator responds by activating the disable pulse generator 78.
  • Pulse generators are operable for taking an activate signal from the comparator and generating an electrical pulse compatible with the function, enable or disable, at hand.
  • the pulse is usually a square wave pulse of a magnitude large enough to magnetize the magnetic stripe and is of a duration compatible with the clock cycle of the microprocessor and circuit constraints like resistance, capacitance and inductance of the device.
  • the pulse is a sinusoid having a decreasing magnitude.
  • Both of the pulse generators are connected electrically to the transducer 3. The transducer in close proximity to the magnetic stripe 7 and therefore in magnetic communication 79 therewith.
  • a biometric measurement device is used instead of a keypad.
  • the card may include many of the same elements as the previously taught version.
  • Figure 8 shows a card 81 with a biometric measurement device 82 in place of the keypad of the previous version.
  • a transducer 83 in communication with energy source 84, and microprocessor 85, is in proximity to magnetic stripe 86 having thereon magnetic tracks 87.
  • a user input may include application of ones finger to the biometric measurement device.
  • a fingerprint reading element may form an image of a fingerprint and transform that image information as data to the microprocessor where it may be compared to stored information relating to a user's fingerprint.
  • the card is operable for executing the following method.
  • the system performs the following steps: receives input 91; recalls data 92; compares input and data 93; generates either an enabling pulse 96 and enters a wait state 97, or a disable pulse 94; then disables 98 the data on the stripe and returns to the receive input step.
  • the card is generally in a disabled state.
  • disabled it is meant that any data on the magnetic stripe has been erased rendering the card temporarily useless. Thus, a disabled card cannot be read by card readers.
  • the card remains in this state but awaits a user input.
  • a user input at a keypad is then converted into an electric signal and transmitted to the microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor Upon receipt of user input the microprocessor recalls from a data store a previously recorded code.
  • a comparator receives both the user input and the recalled code and attempts to detect a concurrence. If concurrence is detected, then the comparator activates an enable pulse generator. If concurrence is not detected, then the computer either activates a disable pulse or allows the card to remain disabled and returns to the first step.
  • a square wave electrical pulse is generated and transmitted to the transducer.
  • the current passing through the transducer causes magnetic fields in a predetermined spatial distribution to magnetize the magnetic stripe.
  • the magnetic stripe then is operable for stimulating a card reader in the known manner.
  • the stripe is disabled again by activation of the disable pulse generator.
  • the disable pulse generator produces a sinusoidal signal of decreasing amplitude. This pulse can be transmitted to the transducer thereby de-magnetizing or erasing the data on the stripe.
  • the card is reset into a disabled state and again awaits user input.
  • an issuing institution prepares a card with an appropriate transducer, writes data to a data store, issues card to a user.
  • Preparation of an appropriate transducer includes arranging the pattern of the transducer to represent a desired data stream having characters specific to an account or other identifying object.
  • a card is als ⁇ provided with a data store which can be programmed.
  • a reference code or number is recorded into the data store by an issuing institution. This is the number that is recalled in the steps described above.
  • the card having been prepared in this way can be issued to a user. Security is realized because the code is stored in a highly tamper resistant way. A user receives the card and instructions regarding the stored code (is told the code). Cards found or stolen by unauthorized users would not be able to be activated without knowledge of the code.
  • an apparatus for and method of providing a transaction card having a means of authentication there is provided an apparatus for and method of providing a transaction card having a means of authentication. It will be appreciated that each of the embodiments described include both an apparatus and method and that the apparatus and method of one preferred embodiment may be different than the apparatus and method of another embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne les cartes de services (1) telles que cartes à puce, cartes de crédit, cartes d'accès, etc., comportant une fonction d'activation et de désactivation automatiques, qui permettent d'authentifier et de vérifier l'identité de l'utilisateur. La carte (1) reçoit un signal entré par un utilisateur (2) et détermine si ledit signal est valide. Si c'est le cas, elle répond en activant la bande magnétique (6) qu'elle porte. La bande magnétique (6) est activée pour une durée limitée, après quoi elle est désactivée. Une bande magnétique (6) désactivée devient incapable d'activer les lecteurs de carte. Une carte (1) perdue ou volée ne peut pas être utilisée par des utilisateurs non autorisés, car elle porte une bande magnétique désactivée et seul l'utilisateur autorisé a la possibilité de l'activer. La carte possède un niveau élevé de compatibilité avec la méthodologie connue dans le domaine et ne nécessite ni équipement ni système supplémentaire pour assurer une sécurité de haut niveau.
PCT/US1999/003687 1999-02-17 1999-02-17 Systemes d'identification permettant d'identifier l'utilisation des cartes de services a bande magnetique WO2000049561A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1999/003687 WO2000049561A1 (fr) 1999-02-17 1999-02-17 Systemes d'identification permettant d'identifier l'utilisation des cartes de services a bande magnetique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1999/003687 WO2000049561A1 (fr) 1999-02-17 1999-02-17 Systemes d'identification permettant d'identifier l'utilisation des cartes de services a bande magnetique

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WO2000049561A1 true WO2000049561A1 (fr) 2000-08-24

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005086102A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Cardlab Aps Carte de credit et systeme d'activation de donnees securise
EP2278564A1 (fr) 2005-09-08 2011-01-26 Cardlab ApS Procédé et système pour authentification de transactions par carte de crédit à bande magnétique dynamique, et carte de crédit et base de données d'authentification pour ce système
US8694793B2 (en) * 2007-12-11 2014-04-08 Visa U.S.A. Inc. Biometric access control transactions
EP3035230A1 (fr) 2014-12-19 2016-06-22 Cardlab ApS Procédé et ensemble permettant de générer un champ magnétique
US9600755B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2017-03-21 Cardlab Aps Card, an assembly, a method of assembling the card and a method of outputting information
US9697449B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2017-07-04 Cardlab Aps Card with an offset field generator
US10095968B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2018-10-09 Cardlabs Aps Method and an assembly for generating a magnetic field and a method of manufacturing an assembly
US10558901B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-02-11 Cardlab Aps Device for outputting a magnetic field and a method of outputting a magnetic field

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4701601A (en) * 1985-04-26 1987-10-20 Visa International Service Association Transaction card with magnetic stripe emulator
US4786791A (en) * 1987-02-10 1988-11-22 Gateway Technology Data processing apparatus with portable card having magnetic strip simulator
US4868376A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-09-19 Smartcard International Inc. Intelligent portable interactive personal data system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4701601A (en) * 1985-04-26 1987-10-20 Visa International Service Association Transaction card with magnetic stripe emulator
US4786791A (en) * 1987-02-10 1988-11-22 Gateway Technology Data processing apparatus with portable card having magnetic strip simulator
US4868376A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-09-19 Smartcard International Inc. Intelligent portable interactive personal data system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005086102A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Cardlab Aps Carte de credit et systeme d'activation de donnees securise
CN100573606C (zh) * 2004-03-08 2009-12-23 卡德赖博私人有限公司 信用卡和保密数据激活系统
US7681232B2 (en) 2004-03-08 2010-03-16 Cardlab Aps Credit card and a secured data activation system
EP2290625A1 (fr) * 2004-03-08 2011-03-02 Cardlab ApS Une carte de crédit
EP2278564A1 (fr) 2005-09-08 2011-01-26 Cardlab ApS Procédé et système pour authentification de transactions par carte de crédit à bande magnétique dynamique, et carte de crédit et base de données d'authentification pour ce système
US8694793B2 (en) * 2007-12-11 2014-04-08 Visa U.S.A. Inc. Biometric access control transactions
US10068165B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2018-09-04 Cardlab Aps Card, an assembly, a method of assembling the card and a method of outputting information
US9600755B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2017-03-21 Cardlab Aps Card, an assembly, a method of assembling the card and a method of outputting information
US9697449B2 (en) 2013-04-12 2017-07-04 Cardlab Aps Card with an offset field generator
EP3035230A1 (fr) 2014-12-19 2016-06-22 Cardlab ApS Procédé et ensemble permettant de générer un champ magnétique
US10095968B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2018-10-09 Cardlabs Aps Method and an assembly for generating a magnetic field and a method of manufacturing an assembly
US10614351B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2020-04-07 Cardlab Aps Method and an assembly for generating a magnetic field and a method of manufacturing an assembly
US10558901B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-02-11 Cardlab Aps Device for outputting a magnetic field and a method of outputting a magnetic field

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