WO2000046738A1 - Optimized signal quantification - Google Patents
Optimized signal quantification Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000046738A1 WO2000046738A1 PCT/US2000/003051 US0003051W WO0046738A1 WO 2000046738 A1 WO2000046738 A1 WO 2000046738A1 US 0003051 W US0003051 W US 0003051W WO 0046738 A1 WO0046738 A1 WO 0046738A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- quantification
- subband
- function
- applying
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/13—Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
- H04N19/122—Selection of transform size, e.g. 8x8 or 2x4x8 DCT; Selection of sub-band transforms of varying structure or type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/124—Quantisation
- H04N19/126—Details of normalisation or weighting functions, e.g. normalisation matrices or variable uniform quantisers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
- H04N19/619—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding the transform being operated outside the prediction loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/63—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/63—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets
- H04N19/635—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets characterised by filter definition or implementation details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/80—Details of filtering operations specially adapted for video compression, e.g. for pixel interpolation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
Definitions
- This invention pertains to the field of digital signal compression and quantification. More specifically, the present invention related to a method for optimizing signal quantification, particularly the quantification of signals transmitting still and motion image components.
- Shortcomings of Prior Art Multiband compression methods have generally divided a signal into frequency components and then used some method to quantify the values in each of the frequency bands in order to represent the desired signal quality.
- Some of the problems with this approach include: 1. Only a small number of frequency bands are used so the regional quantification method is a less than optimal coarse approximation of the desired function.
- Quantification as a separate process adds time or hardware to the implementation.
- Quantification as a separate process can add additional noise.
- Wavelet compression of images generally consists of subband transforms of an image into frequency regions. These regions are then quantified to relative resolutions and entropy coded.
- the present invention uses a continuous and frequency specific function to quantify the regions rather than a regional approximation.
- the method uses reversible filters before and after signal quantification as a continuous function of the frequency domain. This allows the scaling function to be either the exact desired function, or more closely approximate the desired continuous quantification function. It also allows the characteristics of any quantification and aliasing artifacts to be tailored to the particular application. As a result, the present invention provides better interpolation of quantification errors resulting in less noticeable artifacts in the quantified stream. The present invention also provides lower aliasing energy between subbands.
- Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating the preferred method of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is an example of a typical 2D quantification map for a 2 band pyramid transform
- Fig. 3 is an example of an optimum quantification map for a separable complete 2 band transform
- Fig. 4 is an example of an optimum quantification map for a non-separable complete 2 band transform
- Fig. 5 is an example slice of the quantification surfaces demonstrating the advantages provided by the present invention
- Fig. 6A and 6B are examples of a bandsplit filter that was made more accurate by applying the method of optimum quantification.
- Wavelet compression of images generally consists of subband transforms of an image into frequency regions. These regions are then quantified to relative resolutions and entropy coded.
- the method will be described in terms of steps, the steps involving application of the quantification and inverse quantification functions to the signal can also be incorporated directly into the subband analysis and synthesis filters thus avoiding a separate quantification and dequantification step.
- the method begins by applying 110 reversible filters to the signal in order to pre-quantify the signal as a continuous function of the frequency domain. This allows the scaling function to be either the exact desired function, or more closely approximate the desired continuous quantification function. It also allows the characteristics of any quantification and aliasing artifacts to be tailored to the specific application or signal.
- the signal is pre-processed 120. This might include performing any number of different processes on the signal, such as converting the colorspace. Other forms of preprocessing may be applied depending on the type of signal and the desired output.
- subband transforms of the signal split the signal into frequency regions. This enables quantification of the signal by region.
- each region is separately quantified.
- a continuous function is used to quantify the frequency regions. This can provide a significant improvement in efficiency over a stepwise approximation, as well as a reduction in aliasing.
- the quantified signal is subjected to entropy coding resulting in maximum compression.
- the step of entropy coding is performed in accordance with the entropy coding method described in the related application entitled, "Apparatus and Method for Entropy Coding.”
- Subband image coders typically quantify the subbands using a stepwise approximation of this function to obtain acceptable images after compression. If a continuous function is used for the quantification, it can provide a significant improvement in efficiency over a stepwise approximation, as well as a reduction in aliasing. Reversible quantification filter functions can also be developed to provide other types of continuous quantification functions other than those provided by sampling theory. An example would be a continuous quantification function matching human perception resolution.
- the subband filters can be convolved with the quantification filters to combine the transform steps.
- the quantification filter design is combined with the subband filter design to increase the degrees of freedom for design of the subband filters. This would enable one to design a subband filter in a similar fashion to biorthagonal filter design.
- Subband transforms may also be applied separately by dimension. If subband transforms are to be applied separately by dimension, then the type of transform is determined by the desire to generate a smooth and continuous quantification function matching the resolution specified by sampling theory. This requires that only the low frequency halfband from each bandsplit be further subdivided.
- Non- separable multidimensional filters and subband transforms can then be designed which allow the generation of the smooth, continuous quantification function for a pyramid transform. While the above method was described as the preferred embodiment, the following embodiments represent alternative compression processing methods.
- Step 1 preprocessing such as color space conversion
- Step 2 precompensation filter matching sampling theory resolution (may be combined with transform)
- Step 3 subband transform
- Step 4 entropy coding
- Step 1 preprocessing such as color space conversion
- Step 2 subband transform matching sampling theory resolution
- Step 3 entropy coding Examples and Related Calculations
- FIG. 3 an example of an optimum quantification map for a separable complete 2 band transform is shown.
- the illustrated transform was generated by using the following plotting equation: Plot3D[dB[rc2b[x,y]], ⁇ x,0,Pi ⁇ , ⁇ y,0,Pi ⁇ ,PlotPoints->30,PlotRange-> ⁇ 0,18 ⁇ ];
- Plot3D[dB[rc2b[x,y]] ⁇ x,0,Pi ⁇ , ⁇ y,0,Pi ⁇ ,PlotPoints->30,PlotRange-> ⁇ 0,18 ⁇ ]
- Figure 6B was plotted using the following equation: Plot[ ⁇ ralt[x],raht[x],rslt[x],rsht[x] ⁇ , ⁇ x,0,Pi ⁇ ].
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Discrete Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000597747A JP2002536896A (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Optimized signal quantification |
EP00905993A EP1157350A4 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Optimized signal quantification |
CA002361410A CA2361410A1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Optimized signal quantification |
AU27571/00A AU771802B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Optimized signal quantification |
KR1020017009816A KR20010101973A (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Optimized signal quantification |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11855599P | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | |
US60/118,555 | 1999-02-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000046738A1 true WO2000046738A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
Family
ID=22379338
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/003051 WO2000046738A1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-02-04 | Optimized signal quantification |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1157350A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002536896A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20010101973A (en) |
AU (1) | AU771802B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2361410A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000046738A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5748786A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1998-05-05 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Apparatus for compression using reversible embedded wavelets |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5014134A (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1991-05-07 | Aware, Inc. | Image compression method and apparatus |
GB2281465B (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1997-06-04 | Sony Uk Ltd | Image data compression |
-
2000
- 2000-02-04 EP EP00905993A patent/EP1157350A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-02-04 WO PCT/US2000/003051 patent/WO2000046738A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-04 KR KR1020017009816A patent/KR20010101973A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-04 CA CA002361410A patent/CA2361410A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-02-04 AU AU27571/00A patent/AU771802B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-02-04 JP JP2000597747A patent/JP2002536896A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5748786A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1998-05-05 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Apparatus for compression using reversible embedded wavelets |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1157350A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2361410A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
KR20010101973A (en) | 2001-11-15 |
AU2757100A (en) | 2000-08-25 |
EP1157350A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
EP1157350A4 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
AU771802B2 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
JP2002536896A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
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