WO2000023832A1 - Systeme d'affichage holographique - Google Patents

Systeme d'affichage holographique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2000023832A1
WO2000023832A1 PCT/US1999/023812 US9923812W WO0023832A1 WO 2000023832 A1 WO2000023832 A1 WO 2000023832A1 US 9923812 W US9923812 W US 9923812W WO 0023832 A1 WO0023832 A1 WO 0023832A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
holographic
display system
image
panel
display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/023812
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Milan M. Popovich
Original Assignee
Digilens Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Digilens Inc. filed Critical Digilens Inc.
Priority to AU64281/99A priority Critical patent/AU6428199A/en
Publication of WO2000023832A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000023832A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
    • G03H2001/043—Non planar recording surface, e.g. curved surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to electronic displays, and more
  • an electronic display configured to generate a predistorted image.
  • a virtual image display system typically comprises an input image display
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • optical components which magnify and project the image.
  • components are arranged to magnify the image displayed on the image display device
  • the picture quality has generally been held to be acceptable.
  • the picture quality has generally been held to be acceptable.
  • One source of distortion is the mapping of two-dimensional rectangular images on a flat surface to a field of view in space since there is a fundamental mismatch between optical components such as lenses and mirrors, which typically have curved focal surfaces, and new technology image displays which have a flat display surface.
  • optical components such as lenses and mirrors, which typically have curved focal surfaces
  • new technology image displays which have a flat display surface.
  • Distortions are also typically a problem with display panels based on microdisplay technology, which are on the order of one centimeter in size. Since high magnifications are required to achieve large fields of view, distortions may be severe.
  • the present invention provides a holographic display system that reduces optical aberrations and reduces the weight, size, and complexity of the optical system.
  • the display system comprises an image display device and a holographic device.
  • the image display device includes a display panel having a nonplanar active surface configured to project a predistorted image.
  • the holographic device is operable to propagate the image projected from the image display device.
  • the active surface may be based on externally illuminated reflective, transmissive, or self-emissive display panel technology.
  • the holographic display system includes an image display device operable to generate an image and a reconfigurable holographic device operable to project the image.
  • the holographic device includes a holographic panel having a nonplanar projecting surface.
  • the displayed image may have a geometrical pre-distortion applied to it by means of a computer algorithm.
  • the display pixel matrix may be distorted.
  • the displayed image may have a geometrical pre-distortion applied to it by means of a computer algorithm.
  • the display pixel matrix may be distorted.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic of a virtual image display system of the present invention with a reflective holographic optical element.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic of a second embodiment of the display system of Fig. 1 with a transmissive holographic optical element.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic illustrating an inverse mapping function used to define a relationship between an output image and an input image.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a holographic optical element and light source for use with the display systems of Figs. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial front view of the holographic optical element of Fig. 4 illustrating an electrode and an electric circuit of the holographic optical element.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic of holographic optical elements for use with the display systems of Figs. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 7 A is a schematic of a real image display system of the present invention with a reflective screen.
  • Fig. 7B is a schematic of a real image display system of the present invention with a transmissive screen.
  • Fig. 8A is a schematic illustrating geometrical optics for a holographic optical element in a virtual image system.
  • Fig. 8B is a schematic illustrating geometrical optics for a holographic optical element in a real image system.
  • the display system includes a light source 20, display device 22 which generates images such as video or graphic information, projection optics (not shown) which focus and magnify the images generated by the display device, and one or more reconfigurable holographic optical elements 24a, 24b.
  • the reconfigurable holographic optical elements 24a, 24b are designed to perform functions associated with traditional optical elements, as well as more sophisticated optical manipulations and may be used to reduce or in some cases eliminate the projection optics.
  • the holographic optical element may be reflective as is the holographic optical element 24a shown in Fig. 1 or transmissive as is element
  • the display device 22 and the holographic optical element 24a, 24b each comprise a panel having a nonplanar (curved) surface.
  • the holographic optical element 24a, 24b, together with the projection optics project a pre-distorted image displayed on the curved image display panel onto a viewing screen or directly into the eyes of the viewer.
  • the pre-distorted image is used to correct distortion typically present in an image projected from a flat image display due to the mismatch between the flat input image surface and the theoretical ideal curved input image surface required to generate distortion free output wavefronts.
  • the pre-distorted image is used to correct distortion typically present in an image produced from a flat image display due to the mismatch between the flat image display and concave or convex optical components.
  • the combined effect of the curved display panel, the pre-distorted image and the curved holographic element reduces optical aberrations such as spherical, coma, curvature of field, distortion, and astigmatism, thus reducing or possibly eliminating complex optical elements and reducing the volume and weight of the display system.
  • the curved holographic optical element panel simplifies the design of the holographic optical element by using the curvature of the element to provide optical power, as further described below.
  • the curvature of the holographic element may also have ergonomic benefits, particularly in the case of wearable displays, where a curved geometry can help to provide a more compact configuration in a wearable display. It is to be understood that both the display panel and the holographic panel may be formed with concave or convex surfaces, or only one of the panels may have a curved surface with the other panel having a planar surface.
  • the display system may be used in a head mounted display or a projection system for creating a real image (i.e., display of a visual image which is perceived by a viewer as located within a display screen) or a virtual image (i.e., display of a visual image that is perceived by a viewer as located on a surface outside of a display screen).
  • a virtual image display system is shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • An example of a real image forming system is shown in Figs. 7A and 7B with a reflective and transmissive screen 27, respectively.
  • the screen 27 is preferably curved and may be based on conventional rear or front projection screen materials or holographic light shaping diffusing materials, such as material manufactured by Physical Optica Corporation, of Torrance, California, for example.
  • the display system may also be used with a desk mounted display system or a system designed for hand held support so that the display system can be positioned at a relatively fixed position with respect to the viewer's eyes, for example.
  • the light source 20 may be positioned to project light at an angle onto a front surface of a reflective image display device 22.
  • a rear illuminated transmission display may be used.
  • liquid crystal display technology may be used.
  • the reflective or transmissive display may have red, green, and blue pixels such that it gives a full color image when illuminated by a white light source.
  • the display may be a monochromatic display which is illuminated color sequentially using LEDs, lasers, or band-pass filtered white light.
  • the display device may also be emissive (e.g., a matrix of red, green, and blue LEDs or an electroluminescent display).
  • any other method of forming an image comprising of a predistorted matrix of light emitting points on a curved surface may be used, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the above technologies may all be implemented on curved substrates, the preferred approach is to use a diffractive display such as described below, or a light emitting polymer display as also described below.
  • the input image is imaged by the holographic optical element 24a, 24b, together with any additional projection objects, to form a resultant image.
  • the image formation relies on the reflective characteristics of the holographic optical element 24a.
  • the image is projected onto the holographic optical element 24b of the display system shown in Fig. 2, the light passes through the holographic optical element.
  • the image display panel is
  • optical components within the system to predistort the image and correct for optical
  • the size of the display panel in a wearable display application for a wearable display application
  • example may be less than 15 millimeters with an aspect ratio of 3:4, for example.
  • the curvature of the screen may be calculated using the following procedure.
  • optical system elements are first specified in reverse order (i.e., starting from the
  • view direction can be reduced to an acceptable minimum value.
  • section of the intersection volume should be smaller than the size of a pixel in the
  • the ray tracing procedures may be carried out using ray-tracing software such as
  • the appropriate pre-distortion of the image may be calculated using a reverse ray trace from a resultant image field 30 to a display panel projection surface 32 to create an inverse image mapping function 34 (e.g., bilinear transform) (Fig. 3).
  • a reverse ray trace from a resultant image field 30 to a display panel projection surface 32 to create an inverse image mapping function 34 (e.g., bilinear transform) (Fig. 3).
  • Fig. 3 inverse image mapping function 34
  • three or more points may be mapped in one (distorted) coordinate system to three or more corresponding points in the desired coordinate system.
  • the three mapping points may be the upper left, center, and lower right ends of the image, for example. Since these points form lines that span both axes, the distortion correction will be fairly uniformly distributed over the image.
  • This distorted set of coordinates is then used to calculate the curvature of the panel.
  • a ray tracing technique similar to those described above for calculating display curvature may also be used to compute the pre
  • the image display device 22 comprises a diffractive display device which includes a hologram formed within a holographic recording medium (emulsion) 40 and interposed between two electrode layers 42 (Figs. 4 and 5).
  • a holographic recording medium emulsion
  • the electrodes is pixilated so that the diffraction characteristics for different regions (i.e., pixels) of the hologram may be controlled using conventional matrix addressing techniques such as those commonly used in liquid crystal displays.
  • Fig. 5 represents a single pixel of such an array.
  • the hologram is used to control transmitted light beams based on the principles of diffraction.
  • the hologram selectively directs an incoming light beam from the light source 20 either towards or away from a viewer and selectively diffracts light at certain wavelengths into different modes in response to a voltage applied to the electrodes 42.
  • Light passing through the hologram in the same direction as the light is received from the light source 20 is referred to as the zeroth (0 th ) order mode 48 (Fig. 4).
  • liquid crystal droplets within the emulsion 40 are oriented such that the hologram is present in the element and light is diffracted from the zeroth order mode 48 to a first (1 st ) order mode 50 of the hologram (Figs. 4 and 5).
  • the liquid crystal droplets become realigned effectively erasing the hologram, and the incoming light passes through the emulsion in the zeroth order mode 48.
  • the percentage of light diffracted into the various modes of the hologram varies in proportion to the strength of the electric field or voltage applied to the emulsion 40.
  • the different modes of the hologram are recorded in the hologram such that a viewer of the display sees light in one mode while light in another mode is not seen. Therefore, by changing the amount of light that is diffracted into each mode, the display appears brighter as more light is directed toward the viewer and darker as less light is directed towards the viewer.
  • the display panel 22 may also be reflective rather than transmissive as shown in Fig. 4 and described above.
  • the arrangement of the optical components would be modified to utilize reflective properties of the hologram rather than the transmissive properties described herein.
  • the holograms are preferably recorded on a photopolymer/liquid crystal composite material (polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)) such as a holographic photopolymeric film which has been combined with liquid crystal, for example.
  • a photopolymer/liquid crystal composite material polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)
  • PDLC photopolymer-dispersed liquid crystal
  • the presence of the liquid crystal allows the hologram to exhibit optical characteristics which are dependent on an applied electrical field.
  • the photopolymeric film may be composed of a polymerizable monomer having dipentaerythritol hydroxypentacrylate, as described in PCT Publication, Application Serial No. PCT/US97/12577, by Sutherland et al, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the liquid crystal may be suffused into the pores of the photopolymeric film and may include a surfactant.
  • the refractive properties of the holographic optical element depend primarily
  • fringes may be created by applying beams of light to the photopolymeric film.
  • the interference fringes may be artificially created by using highly
  • the holographic fringes may be recorded in the
  • the photopolymeric material is any organic compound.
  • the photopolymeric material is any organic compound.
  • liquid crystal and the polymer material are pre-mixed and a phase separation takes
  • holographic optical elements Recording of the hologram may be accomplished by a
  • the interference fringes may be artificially created by
  • the electrodes (electrode layers) 42 are positioned on opposite sides of the electrodes (electrode layers) 42 .
  • emulsion and emulsion are preferably transparent so that they do not interfere with light passing
  • the electrodes 42 may be formed from a vapor deposition of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) which typically has a transmission efficiency of greater than ITO
  • electrodes 42 are connected to an electric circuit 58 operable to apply a voltage to the electrodes to generate an electric field (Fig. 5).
  • the hologram is in a diffractive (active) state and the hologram diffracts propagating light in a predefined manner.
  • the electrodes 42 may be different than described herein as long as at least one of the electrodes is pixilated in order that the diffractive device can operate as a matrix addressed display.
  • a pattern of small electrodes may be positioned on one side of the emulsion 40 to create individual pixels of the image display panel.
  • Each pixel is individually controlled to provide a wide range of diffraction efficiency.
  • the image display panel may include three holographic optical elements (red 60, green 62, and blue 64) for generating a color image (Fig. 6).
  • Each holographic optical element 60, 62, 64 is holographically configured such that only a particular monochromatic light is diffused by the hologram.
  • the red optical element 60 has a hologram which is optimized to diffract red light
  • the green optical element 62 has a hologram which is optimized to diffract green light
  • the blue optical element 64 has a hologram which is optimized to diffract blue light.
  • a holographic device controller 70 drives switching circuitry 74 associated with the electrodes 42 deposited on opposing facings of substrate 43 for each of the optical elements 60, 62, 64, to apply a voltage to the electrodes.
  • the electrodes 42 are individually coupled to the device controller through a voltage controller 72 which selectively provides an excitation signal to the electrodes of a selected holographic optical element, switching the hologram to the passive state.
  • the voltage controller 72 also determines the specific voltage level to be applied to each electrode 42.
  • the voltage controller 72 operates to sequentially display three monochromatic images of the color input image.
  • the electrodes 42 attached to each of the holograms 60, 62, 64 are sequentially enabled such that a selected amount of red, green, and blue light is directed towards the viewer. For example, when a red monochromatic image is projected, the voltage controller 72 switches the green and blue holograms 62, 64 to the passive state by applying voltages to their respective electrodes 42.
  • the voltage supplied to the electrodes 42 of the green and blue holograms 62, 64 create a potential difference between the electrodes, thereby generating an electrical field within the green and blue holograms.
  • the presence of the generated electrical field switches the optical characteristic of the holograms 62, 64 to the passive state.
  • the green and blue holograms 62, 64 in the passive state and the red hologram 60 in the diffractive state only the red hologram optically diffuses the projected red image. Thus, only the portion of the visible light spectrum corresponding to the red light is diffracted to the viewer.
  • the green hologram 62 is next changed to the diffractive state by deenergizing the corresponding electrodes 42 and the electrodes of the red hologram 60 are energized to change the red hologram to the passive state so that only green light is diffracted.
  • the blue hologram 64 is then changed to the diffractive state by deenergizing its electrodes 42 and the electrodes of the green hologram 62 are energized to change the green hologram to the passive state so that only blue light is diffracted.
  • the holograms are sequentially enabled with a refresh rate which is faster than the response time of a human eye so that a color image will be created in the viewer's
  • optical element 24a, 24b will be illuminated sequentially by red, green, and blue lights
  • the red, green, and blue holographic elements 60, 62, 64 may be
  • image display device 22 may be different than
  • the holographic panel may comprise a plurality of tiled holograms optimized to
  • the image display panel may also be formed from a Light Emitting Polymer
  • LEPs belong to a special class of polymers called conjugated polymers which
  • LEP material is flexible enough to be formed in a nonplanar configuration and rigid
  • pixels can be recorded in the LEP material using photolithography or other suitable
  • conjugated polymers posses electronic structures which result
  • the manufacturing process for LEPs includes coating a glass or plastic panel with a
  • ITO transparent electrode
  • the holographic optical element 24a, 24b is preferably reconfigurable (e.g.,
  • the holographic optical element 24a, 24b is operable to modulate light reflected (Fig.
  • modulation may be varied by application of an
  • optical element 24a, 24b may comprise a hologram interposed between two electrode
  • hologram is recorded is preferably flexible in at least one state so that the holographic
  • panel can be formed in a curved configuration, while being sufficiently rigid in a final
  • the panel may be formed from a polymer-
  • PET terephthalate
  • Mylar for example.
  • Fig. 8 A shows an example of the basic geometrical optics that apply to a
  • holographic element 24 used as either a lens or a mirror in a virtual image forming
  • exit pupil is defined as an effective viewing aperture were the eye can see the entire field of view (i.e., it sees light from all points on the display panel).
  • the following geometrical relations may be used to specify the first order properties of the system.
  • the size of the exit pupil may be defined as:
  • d distance from the element to the exit pupil
  • a dimension of display device 22.
  • Fig. 8B shows the basic geometrical optics that apply to a holographic element 24 used as either a lens or a mirror in a real image forming system (i.e., a system in which the final image is formed on a screen 27).
  • the screen 27 is preferably curved, but may be planar, as shown in Fig. 8B. Since in projection systems the lens to screen distance is very large as compared to the distance from the lens to the display, the lens to display distance is approximately equal to the focal length F of the holographic element 24.
  • the following geometrical relations may be used to specify the first order properties of the system.
  • the screen image size s ⁇ and the input image size are related as follows:
  • a dimension of display device 22.
  • the following describes a process for estimating the curvature of the holographic optical element 24 for virtual and real image systems.
  • optical power is created by curving the substrate, with the curved holographic element itself being used to optimize the optical efficiency.
  • the radius of curvature of R and the focal length F are related by the following equation:
  • the effect of curvature on optical power is very small since the effect of curving the substrate is simply to create a meniscus element (which has optical power close to zero).
  • the hologram needs to be designed to provide the bulk of the optical power.
  • the holographic optical element 24a, 24b When no voltage is applied across the hologram, the holographic optical element 24a, 24b is in an active state and light passing through the hologram is affected (e.g., reflected, diffracted, diffused) in accordance with the optical characteristics of the hologram. When a voltage of adequate magnitude is applied across the hologram, the holographic optical element 24a, 24b is in a passive state and light passing through the hologram is not affected by the optical characteristics of the hologram.
  • the hologram is constructed to produce desired optical characteristics (e.g., reflection, diffraction, diffusion) and, in general, can replicate the functional behavior of one or more optical devices (e.g., mirror, lens, diffuser). Depending on the recording, the hologram is able to perform various optical functions which are associated with traditional optical elements, as well as more sophisticated optical operations.
  • the hologram in the reconfigurable holographic optical element 24a, 24b is designed and constructed to have optical characteristics that, alone or in combination with other optical devices, produce the desired virtual image.
  • the hologram may be configured to perform operations such as deflection, focusing, or color filtering of the light, for example.
  • the display system may include a stack of switchable holograms, each encoded with a particular optical device.
  • three reconfigurable holographic elements may be provided, each constructed to refract or reflect light of a particular color (e.g., red, green, or blue) when in the active state, as previously described with respect to the image display panel.
  • the holograms may be recorded after each of the emulsions are red, green, or blue sensitized to avoid having to align separate holograms.
  • a stack of holographic optical elements 24a, 24b, each having different optical power holograms may be used in the display system to provide variable magnification. While different embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the display system can use Raman-Nath holograms rather than Bragg (thick holograms) in either the display panel or the holographic panel.
  • Raman-Nath holograms are thinner and require less voltage to switch light between various modes of the hologram, however, the Raman- Nath holograms are not as efficient as the Bragg holograms.
  • the holograms are polymer based and configured such that it is possible to make panels with nonplanar geometry, thus allowing for the correction of optical aberrations and providing a reduction in the size, weight, and complexity of the overall display system.

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à un système d'affichage holographique comprenant un dispositif d'affichage d'image (22) et un dispositif holographique (24). Ce dispositif d'affichage d'image comporte un panneau d'affichage ayant une surface photoémettrice non plane configurée de façon à projeter une image avec prédistorsion. Le dispositif holographique fonctionne de façon à transmettre l'image projetée à partir du dispositif d'affichage d'image, en vue de former une image virtuelle. Le dispositif holographique peut également comporter une surface de projection courbe.
PCT/US1999/023812 1998-10-16 1999-10-13 Systeme d'affichage holographique WO2000023832A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU64281/99A AU6428199A (en) 1998-10-16 1999-10-13 Holographic display system

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10461898P 1998-10-16 1998-10-16
US60/104,618 1998-10-16
US10867198P 1998-11-16 1998-11-16
US60/108,671 1998-11-16
US41607699A 1999-10-12 1999-10-12
US09/416,076 1999-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000023832A1 true WO2000023832A1 (fr) 2000-04-27

Family

ID=27379776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/023812 WO2000023832A1 (fr) 1998-10-16 1999-10-13 Systeme d'affichage holographique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6428199A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000023832A1 (fr)

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011042711A3 (fr) * 2009-10-09 2011-06-03 Milan Momcilo Popovich Dispositif d'affichage à diffraction éclairé par la tranche compact
US8970455B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-03-03 Google Technology Holdings LLC Systems and methods for processing content displayed on a flexible display
US9075184B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2015-07-07 Milan Momcilo Popovich Compact edge illuminated diffractive display
US10156681B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2018-12-18 Digilens Inc. Waveguide grating device
US10209517B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2019-02-19 Digilens, Inc. Holographic waveguide eye tracker
US10359736B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2019-07-23 Digilens Inc. Method for holographic mastering and replication
US10423222B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-09-24 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide optical tracker
US10437064B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2019-10-08 Digilens Inc. Environmentally isolated waveguide display
US10437051B2 (en) 2012-05-11 2019-10-08 Digilens Inc. Apparatus for eye tracking
US10545346B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2020-01-28 Digilens Inc. Wearable heads up displays
US10642058B2 (en) 2011-08-24 2020-05-05 Digilens Inc. Wearable data display
US10670876B2 (en) 2011-08-24 2020-06-02 Digilens Inc. Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a despeckler
US10678053B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2020-06-09 Digilens Inc. Diffractive projection apparatus
US10690916B2 (en) 2015-10-05 2020-06-23 Digilens Inc. Apparatus for providing waveguide displays with two-dimensional pupil expansion
US10725312B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2020-07-28 Digilens Inc. Laser illumination device
US10732569B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2020-08-04 Digilens Inc. Systems and methods for high-throughput recording of holographic gratings in waveguide cells
US10732266B2 (en) 2015-01-20 2020-08-04 Digilens Inc. Holograghic waveguide LIDAR
US10747982B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2020-08-18 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for contact image sensing
US10859768B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2020-12-08 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a polarization selective holographic waveguide device
US10890707B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-01-12 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide apparatus for structured light projection
US10914950B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2021-02-09 Digilens Inc. Waveguide architectures and related methods of manufacturing
US10942430B2 (en) 2017-10-16 2021-03-09 Digilens Inc. Systems and methods for multiplying the image resolution of a pixelated display
US10983340B2 (en) 2016-02-04 2021-04-20 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide optical tracker
US11256155B2 (en) 2012-01-06 2022-02-22 Digilens Inc. Contact image sensor using switchable Bragg gratings
US11307432B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2022-04-19 Digilens Inc. Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a Despeckler
US11378732B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2022-07-05 DigLens Inc. Holographic waveguide backlight and related methods of manufacturing
US11402801B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2022-08-02 Digilens Inc. Systems and methods for fabricating a multilayer optical structure
US11442222B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2022-09-13 Digilens Inc. Evacuated gratings and methods of manufacturing
US11448937B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2022-09-20 Digilens Inc. Transparent waveguide display for tiling a display having plural optical powers using overlapping and offset FOV tiles
US11480788B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2022-10-25 Digilens Inc. Light field displays incorporating holographic waveguides
US11487131B2 (en) 2011-04-07 2022-11-01 Digilens Inc. Laser despeckler based on angular diversity
US11513350B2 (en) 2016-12-02 2022-11-29 Digilens Inc. Waveguide device with uniform output illumination
US11543594B2 (en) 2019-02-15 2023-01-03 Digilens Inc. Methods and apparatuses for providing a holographic waveguide display using integrated gratings
US11681143B2 (en) 2019-07-29 2023-06-20 Digilens Inc. Methods and apparatus for multiplying the image resolution and field-of-view of a pixelated display
US11726323B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2023-08-15 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for generating input images for holographic waveguide displays
US11726332B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2023-08-15 Digilens Inc. Diffractive projection apparatus
US11747568B2 (en) 2019-06-07 2023-09-05 Digilens Inc. Waveguides incorporating transmissive and reflective gratings and related methods of manufacturing

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5418584A (en) * 1992-12-31 1995-05-23 Honeywell Inc. Retroreflective array virtual image projection screen
US5907416A (en) * 1997-01-27 1999-05-25 Raytheon Company Wide FOV simulator heads-up display with selective holographic reflector combined

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5418584A (en) * 1992-12-31 1995-05-23 Honeywell Inc. Retroreflective array virtual image projection screen
US5907416A (en) * 1997-01-27 1999-05-25 Raytheon Company Wide FOV simulator heads-up display with selective holographic reflector combined

Cited By (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10725312B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2020-07-28 Digilens Inc. Laser illumination device
US11175512B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2021-11-16 Digilens Inc. Diffractive projection apparatus
US11726332B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2023-08-15 Digilens Inc. Diffractive projection apparatus
US10678053B2 (en) 2009-04-27 2020-06-09 Digilens Inc. Diffractive projection apparatus
US9726540B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2017-08-08 Digilens, Inc. Diffractive waveguide providing structured illumination for object detection
WO2011042711A3 (fr) * 2009-10-09 2011-06-03 Milan Momcilo Popovich Dispositif d'affichage à diffraction éclairé par la tranche compact
US10409144B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2019-09-10 Digilens Inc. Diffractive waveguide providing structured illumination for object detection
US11487131B2 (en) 2011-04-07 2022-11-01 Digilens Inc. Laser despeckler based on angular diversity
US10642058B2 (en) 2011-08-24 2020-05-05 Digilens Inc. Wearable data display
US10670876B2 (en) 2011-08-24 2020-06-02 Digilens Inc. Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a despeckler
US11287666B2 (en) 2011-08-24 2022-03-29 Digilens, Inc. Wearable data display
US11256155B2 (en) 2012-01-06 2022-02-22 Digilens Inc. Contact image sensor using switchable Bragg gratings
US9075184B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2015-07-07 Milan Momcilo Popovich Compact edge illuminated diffractive display
US10437051B2 (en) 2012-05-11 2019-10-08 Digilens Inc. Apparatus for eye tracking
US8970455B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2015-03-03 Google Technology Holdings LLC Systems and methods for processing content displayed on a flexible display
US11448937B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2022-09-20 Digilens Inc. Transparent waveguide display for tiling a display having plural optical powers using overlapping and offset FOV tiles
US11662590B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2023-05-30 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide eye tracker
US10209517B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2019-02-19 Digilens, Inc. Holographic waveguide eye tracker
US10747982B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2020-08-18 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for contact image sensing
US11307432B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2022-04-19 Digilens Inc. Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a Despeckler
US10359736B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2019-07-23 Digilens Inc. Method for holographic mastering and replication
US11709373B2 (en) 2014-08-08 2023-07-25 Digilens Inc. Waveguide laser illuminator incorporating a despeckler
US11726323B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2023-08-15 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for generating input images for holographic waveguide displays
US10423222B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-09-24 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide optical tracker
US11726329B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2023-08-15 Digilens Inc. Environmentally isolated waveguide display
US11740472B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2023-08-29 Digilens Inc. Environmentally isolated waveguide display
US10437064B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2019-10-08 Digilens Inc. Environmentally isolated waveguide display
US11480788B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2022-10-25 Digilens Inc. Light field displays incorporating holographic waveguides
US10732266B2 (en) 2015-01-20 2020-08-04 Digilens Inc. Holograghic waveguide LIDAR
US11703645B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2023-07-18 Digilens Inc. Waveguide grating device
US10527797B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2020-01-07 Digilens Inc. Waveguide grating device
US10156681B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2018-12-18 Digilens Inc. Waveguide grating device
US10690916B2 (en) 2015-10-05 2020-06-23 Digilens Inc. Apparatus for providing waveguide displays with two-dimensional pupil expansion
US11281013B2 (en) 2015-10-05 2022-03-22 Digilens Inc. Apparatus for providing waveguide displays with two-dimensional pupil expansion
US11754842B2 (en) 2015-10-05 2023-09-12 Digilens Inc. Apparatus for providing waveguide displays with two-dimensional pupil expansion
US10983340B2 (en) 2016-02-04 2021-04-20 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide optical tracker
US11604314B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2023-03-14 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a polarization selective holographic waveguide device
US10859768B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2020-12-08 Digilens Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a polarization selective holographic waveguide device
US10890707B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2021-01-12 Digilens Inc. Holographic waveguide apparatus for structured light projection
US11513350B2 (en) 2016-12-02 2022-11-29 Digilens Inc. Waveguide device with uniform output illumination
US11586046B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2023-02-21 Digilens Inc. Wearable heads up displays
US11194162B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2021-12-07 Digilens Inc. Wearable heads up displays
US10545346B2 (en) 2017-01-05 2020-01-28 Digilens Inc. Wearable heads up displays
US10942430B2 (en) 2017-10-16 2021-03-09 Digilens Inc. Systems and methods for multiplying the image resolution of a pixelated display
US10732569B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2020-08-04 Digilens Inc. Systems and methods for high-throughput recording of holographic gratings in waveguide cells
US10914950B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2021-02-09 Digilens Inc. Waveguide architectures and related methods of manufacturing
US11402801B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2022-08-02 Digilens Inc. Systems and methods for fabricating a multilayer optical structure
US11543594B2 (en) 2019-02-15 2023-01-03 Digilens Inc. Methods and apparatuses for providing a holographic waveguide display using integrated gratings
US11378732B2 (en) 2019-03-12 2022-07-05 DigLens Inc. Holographic waveguide backlight and related methods of manufacturing
US11747568B2 (en) 2019-06-07 2023-09-05 Digilens Inc. Waveguides incorporating transmissive and reflective gratings and related methods of manufacturing
US11681143B2 (en) 2019-07-29 2023-06-20 Digilens Inc. Methods and apparatus for multiplying the image resolution and field-of-view of a pixelated display
US11592614B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2023-02-28 Digilens Inc. Evacuated gratings and methods of manufacturing
US11442222B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2022-09-13 Digilens Inc. Evacuated gratings and methods of manufacturing
US11899238B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2024-02-13 Digilens Inc. Evacuated gratings and methods of manufacturing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6428199A (en) 2000-05-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2000023832A1 (fr) Systeme d'affichage holographique
US11874477B2 (en) Wearable data display
US11726323B2 (en) Method and apparatus for generating input images for holographic waveguide displays
JP7399084B2 (ja) ピクセル化されたディスプレイの画像分解能を倍増させるためのシステムおよび方法
US11480788B2 (en) Light field displays incorporating holographic waveguides
US11681143B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for multiplying the image resolution and field-of-view of a pixelated display
US6185016B1 (en) System for generating an image
US9726540B2 (en) Diffractive waveguide providing structured illumination for object detection
US9335604B2 (en) Holographic waveguide display
US20010024177A1 (en) Holographic display system
US8639072B2 (en) Compact wearable display
US6295145B1 (en) Switchable holographic device
WO2010125337A2 (fr) Dispositif d'affichage portatif à éclairage latéral, holographique et compact
US20200400946A1 (en) Methods and Apparatuses for Providing a Waveguide Display with Angularly Varying Optical Power
US6424437B1 (en) Projection display employing switchable holographic optical elements
US6301027B1 (en) Holographic desktop monitor
WO2000043841A9 (fr) Systeme de generation d'images utilisant des elements optiques holographiques commutables
WO2000043841A1 (fr) Systeme de generation d'images utilisant des elements optiques holographiques commutables
WO2001027693A2 (fr) Systeme de projection mettant en application des elements optiques holographiques commutables

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: AU

Ref document number: 1999 64281

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase