WO2000022378A1 - Dispositif de mesure de distance a effet magneto-optique et chaine de mesure incorporant ce dispositif - Google Patents
Dispositif de mesure de distance a effet magneto-optique et chaine de mesure incorporant ce dispositif Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000022378A1 WO2000022378A1 PCT/FR1999/002417 FR9902417W WO0022378A1 WO 2000022378 A1 WO2000022378 A1 WO 2000022378A1 FR 9902417 W FR9902417 W FR 9902417W WO 0022378 A1 WO0022378 A1 WO 0022378A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- polarizer
- magneto
- diode
- analyzer
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/344—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using polarisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
Definitions
- Magneto-optical effect distance measuring device and measuring chain incorporating this device.
- the present invention relates to a magneto-optical effect distance measuring device and a measuring chain incorporating this device which are more particularly adapted to controlling the closing of aircraft doors.
- This device is often criticized for providing unreliable information generating false alarms, these being most often due to mechanical or electrical degradation of the micro-contacts themselves or caused by deformations of the hull of the aircraft which produce a leak in the door with its frame when the door is closed and which reduce the pressure exerted on the contacts.
- the binary functioning of the micro-contacts by all or nothing does not make it possible to inform the cockpit and the internal pressurization system of the aircraft of the tightness of the doors, this cannot be determined. in a precise way that by measuring all along the periphery of the doors the distances which separate in closed position the supporting edges of the doors on their frames.
- the subject of the invention is a device for measuring the distance separating two parts which can be moved relative to each other by magneto-optical effect comprising a permanent magnet fixed to one of the parts and a electro-optical device fixed to the other part, characterized in that the electro-optical device comprises:
- a photodiode receiving the optical beam retransmitted by the analyzer to transform the light intensity of the beam into an electrical signal whose amplitude depends on the distance separating the two parts when they are near one of the 'other.
- the invention also relates to a chain for measuring the distance between two parts that can be moved relative to one another, characterized in that it comprises a determined number N of sensors coupled by a single optical fiber to a optical emitting diode and a receiving photo-diode, each sensor comprising a permanent magnet fixed to one of the parts and an electro-optical device comprising:
- - a Faraday effect magneto-optical film placed on the one hand, between a polarizer and an analyzer and on the other hand, in the magnetic field of the magnet when the two parts are close to each other, - and an optical fiber of determined and different length for each sensor coupled by a first end to the input of the polarizer and the output of the analyzer, and coupled by its second end, via an optical coupler, to a first end of the single optical fiber for coupling the N sensors to the photo-emitting diode and to the receiving photo-diode (15), the second end of the single optical fiber being coupled to the emitting diode and to the receiving photo-diode.
- a magneto-optical film placed between the polarizer and a mirror for returning the beam emitted by the emitting diode on the polarizer, the mirror of reference and the polarizer having the role of analyzer.
- the device according to the invention has the advantage of using only static opto-electronic elements which brings great reliability to the systems incorporating this device.
- the invention has the other advantage that it makes it possible to use only a single optical fiber to transmit the N information coming from the N sensors remotely, which presents an economy. of appreciable weight.
- the use of an optical fiber as a connection means also offers the possibility of transmitting other information on the same fiber such as the temperature for example, or of integrating without any particular adaptation the measurement chain thus produced. to a fiber optic network.
- the measuring chain according to the invention also has the advantage of being very reliable because it makes it possible to detect any malfunction of an element of the chain which results either in the appearance of a spurious signal, or by an abnormal amplitude of a signal.
- FIG. 1 a block diagram of a distance measuring device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 a first example of implementation of devices according to the invention making it possible to compensate for the variations in sensitivity of the different elements making up each device as a function of the temperature.
- FIG. 3 a distance measuring chain implementing several devices according to the invention in conjunction with a remote acquisition device.
- FIG. 4 an embodiment of a device according to the invention operating according to the principle of FIG. 1.
- the distance measuring device which is represented in FIG. 1 comprises a permanent magnet 1 secured to a moving part 2 and an electro-optical device 3 secured to a fixed frame 4.
- the electro-optical device 3 comprises a magneto-optical film 5 with a Faraday effect, for example of the YIG (Yttrium-Iron-Garnet) type or of the Bi-YIG (Bismuth-Yttrium-Iron-Garnet) type commonly used in optical isolators, disposed between a polarizer 6 and an analyzer 7.
- the electro-optical device 3 has the known property of producing a rotation of the plane of polarization of a light beam which crosses it parallel to the direction of the magnetic field which is applied to the film by the magnet 1.
- the angle of rotation of the beam is doubled, which increases the sensitivity.
- a photo-emitting diode 9 of the electroluminescent or laser type for example emits a beam 8 of light of wavelengths compatible with magneto-optical films (of 1300 nm and 1550 nm for example), in the direction of a photo-diode receiver 10.
- the beam 8 crosses the polarizer 6 and emerges from the latter after having successively passed through the magneto-optical film 5 and the analyzer 7.
- the receiving photo-diode 10 is coupled to an electronic processing device 11 via a connecting cable 12.
- the permanent magnet 1 induces inside the magneto-optical film 5 magnetic field lines H whose intensity depends on the distance which separates the magnet from the electro-optical device 3.
- This embodiment implements two electro-optical devices 3 ⁇ and 3 2 .
- the elements homologous to those of FIG. 1 bear the same references, however, assigned an index equal to 1 or 2 to indicate that they belong to one or the other of the modules 3 ⁇ and 3 2 .
- each of the two emitting diodes 9 ⁇ and 9 2 emits in the direction of the two receiving photo-diodes 10 ⁇ and 10 2 .
- a and B designate the emitting photodiodes 9 ⁇ and 9 2 and C and D designate the receiving photodiodes 1 d and
- the sequencing of the device is as follows.
- K C , K are constants depending on the receiving photodiodes 10 ⁇ and 10 2 KA, K B are constants depending on the emitting photodiodes, 9- ⁇ and 9 2 .
- T d , T d + d o are the transmission factors of magneto-optical films at distances d and d + do. separating the moving part 2 from the frame 4. Secondly the transmitter 9 2 is activated and the photodetectors 10 ⁇ and 10 2 receive two signals denoted SBC and SBD such as:
- the fiber optic measurement chain which is represented in FIG. 3 comprises N sensors composed of electro-optical devices 3- ⁇ ... 3 N of the type of those represented in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the N sensors are coupled to a unit 13 by means of a multimode fiber optic connection cable 12.
- the acquisition unit 13 comprises an optical transmitter 14 composed of a photo-emitting diode of the electroluminescent or laser type for example, and a photo-receiving diode 15, the assembly being coupled to an optical coupler 16 in Y.
- An optical coupler 1 -N 17 couples all of the N sensors to the cable 12.
- the operation of the measurement chain is of the type known by the Anglo-Saxon abbreviation OTDR of "Optical Time Domain Reflectometer".
- the emitter 14 emits a very short light pulse of a few nanoseconds for example, and very intense on the cable 12 via the coupler 16. This pulse is applied to the input of the coupler 17 where it is separated into N pulses of equal intensities. Each of the N pulses is transmitted to an electro-optical device 3 ⁇ to 3 N.
- each sensor comprises a magneto-optical film 5i comprised between a deflection mirror 19 and a polarizer 6j which also acts as an analyzer.
- a lens 20 is interposed between a first end of a coil 18 of optical fiber and the polarizer 6j.
- the optical fiber wound on the reel 18 has a length which depends on the serial number of the sensor on which it is mounted. For example, we can choose that the first sensor includes an optical fiber L meters long, the second contains 2L meters etc and the Nth contains one length of NL meters.
- each sensor to reflect light with a light intensity whose amplitude is representative of the proximity of the magnet 1 with the electro-optical device associated with it.
- the coupler 17 receives, after the passage of the pulses in the N sensors, N reflected pulses temporally offset and whose amplitudes are representative of the different proximities.
- one of the sensors comprising an electro-optical device 3j is designated to serve as a reference and to provide a constant proximity distance value.
- the N pulses pass successively through the optical connection cable 12 and the coupler 16 to reach the receiving photo-diode 15.
- the processing device 11 analyzes the amplitudes of the N signals obtained at the output of the receiving photo-diode 15 in order to transform them into proximity value.
- the polarizers can be replaced by using single-mode optical fibers with polarization maintenance in place of multimode fibers. It is necessary in this case to use a source emitting polarized light, and to place an analyzer at the reception in front of the receiving diode.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002346507A CA2346507A1 (fr) | 1998-10-09 | 1999-10-08 | Dispositif de mesure de distance a effet magneto-optique et chaine de mesure incorporant ce dispositif |
JP2000576236A JP2002527728A (ja) | 1998-10-09 | 1999-10-08 | 磁気光学効果距離測定装置と該装置を組み込んだ測定設備 |
US09/806,471 US6521884B1 (en) | 1998-10-09 | 1999-10-08 | Distance measuring device with magneto-optical effect and measuring chain incorporating same |
EP99970459A EP1119740A1 (fr) | 1998-10-09 | 1999-10-08 | Dispositif de mesure de distance a effet magneto-optique et chaine de mesure incorporant ce dispositif |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9812686A FR2784456B1 (fr) | 1998-10-09 | 1998-10-09 | Dispositif de mesure de distance a effet magneto-optique et chaine de mesure incorporant ce dispositif |
FR98/12686 | 1998-10-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000022378A1 true WO2000022378A1 (fr) | 2000-04-20 |
Family
ID=9531387
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1999/002417 WO2000022378A1 (fr) | 1998-10-09 | 1999-10-08 | Dispositif de mesure de distance a effet magneto-optique et chaine de mesure incorporant ce dispositif |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6521884B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1119740A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002527728A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2346507A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2784456B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000022378A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2820235B1 (fr) * | 2001-01-26 | 2003-06-13 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif de retroeclairage pour ecran de visualisation par transmission compatible avec la vision de nuit |
DE10243399B4 (de) * | 2002-09-18 | 2006-10-05 | ZF Lemförder Metallwaren AG | Dreh- und/oder Kippwinkelerfassungseinrichtung für ein Kugelgelenk |
US7176647B2 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2007-02-13 | The Chamberlain Group, Inc. | Light-emitting device having a phosphor particle layer with specific thickness |
US7365533B2 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2008-04-29 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Magneto-optic remote sensor for angular rotation, linear displacements, and evaluation of surface deformations |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0226652A1 (fr) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-01 | Honeywell Regelsysteme GmbH | Capteur |
FR2619909A1 (fr) * | 1987-08-27 | 1989-03-03 | Comp Generale Electricite | Dispositif de mesure incrementale d'un deplacement lineaire |
EP0323031A2 (fr) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-05 | TEIJIN SEIKI CO. Ltd. | Capteur de position optique |
EP0437404A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-07-17 | Bertin & Cie | Capteur de détection et de mesure de l'angle de rotation d'un plan de polarisation de la lumière |
US5149962A (en) * | 1991-06-03 | 1992-09-22 | Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. | Proximity detector using faraday effect and bidirectional transmission |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4931635A (en) * | 1987-12-01 | 1990-06-05 | Teijin Seiki Company Limited | Optical position sensor using Faraday effect element and magnetic scale |
EP0390341B1 (fr) * | 1989-03-02 | 1995-06-07 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Méthode et appareil pour identifier un millieu de transmission optique |
FR2670014B1 (fr) * | 1990-12-04 | 1993-01-22 | Sextant Avionique | Capteur tachymetrrique intrinseque a fibre optique. |
FR2670577B1 (fr) | 1990-12-18 | 1993-02-12 | Sextant Avionique | Dispositif d'analyse de capteurs interferometriques de micro-deplacements. |
US5408092A (en) * | 1993-12-09 | 1995-04-18 | Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. | Multiple optic sensor system |
FR2750215B1 (fr) | 1996-06-25 | 1998-09-11 | Sextant Avionique | Sonde velocimetrique optique |
US5859531A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-01-12 | Maurice; Lisa Brackenbury | Displacement apparatus using a magnetic optic sensor and position dependent magnetic field |
FR2768122B1 (fr) | 1997-09-09 | 1999-11-19 | Sextant Avionique | Dispositif optique de detection de conditions givrantes sur aeronef |
US6188811B1 (en) * | 1998-10-31 | 2001-02-13 | The Texas A&M Universtiy System | Fiber optic current sensor |
-
1998
- 1998-10-09 FR FR9812686A patent/FR2784456B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-10-08 US US09/806,471 patent/US6521884B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-10-08 EP EP99970459A patent/EP1119740A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-10-08 WO PCT/FR1999/002417 patent/WO2000022378A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-10-08 CA CA002346507A patent/CA2346507A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-08 JP JP2000576236A patent/JP2002527728A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0226652A1 (fr) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-07-01 | Honeywell Regelsysteme GmbH | Capteur |
FR2619909A1 (fr) * | 1987-08-27 | 1989-03-03 | Comp Generale Electricite | Dispositif de mesure incrementale d'un deplacement lineaire |
EP0323031A2 (fr) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-05 | TEIJIN SEIKI CO. Ltd. | Capteur de position optique |
EP0437404A1 (fr) * | 1990-01-12 | 1991-07-17 | Bertin & Cie | Capteur de détection et de mesure de l'angle de rotation d'un plan de polarisation de la lumière |
US5149962A (en) * | 1991-06-03 | 1992-09-22 | Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. | Proximity detector using faraday effect and bidirectional transmission |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2784456B1 (fr) | 2000-12-08 |
US6521884B1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
CA2346507A1 (fr) | 2000-04-20 |
EP1119740A1 (fr) | 2001-08-01 |
JP2002527728A (ja) | 2002-08-27 |
FR2784456A1 (fr) | 2000-04-14 |
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