WO2000013466A1

WO2000013466A1 - Heating device

Info

Publication number: WO2000013466A1
Application number: PCT/JP1999/004658
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yoshinori Hori; Hiroyuki Yoshimoto; Kyohiro Nakamura
Original assignee: Daikin Industries, Ltd.
Priority date: 1998-08-31
Filing date: 1999-08-30
Publication date: 2000-03-09

Abstract

A heating material (13) includes a heating element (64) sandwiched between insulating sheets (65, 66) impregnated with thermosetting plastic, which generates heat when energized by electric power. The heating material (13) is placed in one face (19) of a recess (25) in a first heat conductor (14). The recess (25) is filled with a second heat conductor (15) composed of a mixture of plastic material and thin pieces of heat conductor. Heat from the heating material (13) is transmitted from its surface (21) to the first heat conductor (14) as well as from its backside (23) to the first heat conductor (14) through the second heat conductor (15).

Description

Harm

【Technical field】

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat-generating device, and more particularly to a ripening device suitable for long-term continuous use.

[Background Art]

Conventionally, as a heating device, a cord heater composed of a linear heating element in which a resistance wire is covered with a coating layer made of a heat-resistant electrical insulating material is bent in a zigzag and arranged at substantially equal intervals, There is known a film made of a mixture of a conductive synthetic resin and an inorganic conductive material and having a built-in film heater, which is a planar ripening body formed in Bihei. Since the film heater is a planar ripening member that ripens the entire surface as compared with a linear heating member such as a cord heater, it has an advantage that the temperature rising speed is high. In addition, since the heating value of each part of the heating member is constant, there is an advantage that the temperature is uniform and there is no fear of local overheating.

For this reason, the sheet heating elements are used for various purposes such as heaters for kitchen appliances, antifreeze heaters, and heaters for melting snow. Heating and cold protection heaters, heaters for medical and healthcare equipment, heaters for agriculture, livestock, horticulture, heaters for industrial equipment, etc. Is considered.

For example, the present applicant has previously filed an application for an invention relating to a heat insulation table applied to heat insulation of foods such as yakitori and hamburgers at a storefront (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-320745). It is desired that the temperature of the plate-shaped heat-insulating section on which the food is loaded is uniform and the temperature is not uneven. Therefore, it is necessary to ripen the food efficiently over a long period of time over the entire surface of the plate-shaped heat insulating section.

Also, as another application example, it is known that the present invention is applied to a heat generating device for melting ice and snow around a railway rail switch. If ice or snow enters between the reference rail and the movable rail of the railway rail switch, the movement will be hindered, resulting in impaired switch function. Therefore, it is necessary to melt snow efficiently and quickly. Prior arts used for this purpose include, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-106566 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-150501.

One part Prior art relating to a typical heating device is shown in FIG. 17, in which a planar heating device 2 is mounted on a food 1 such as a grilled chicken or a hamburger, or on a heated object 1 such as a railroad rail. In the heat generating device 2, a heat generating member 3 having a substantially flat shape is fixed to a metal heat conductor 4 such as aluminum, and the ripening member 3 is covered with a heat insulating material 5 made of a material such as a synthetic resin. The heat from the heat generating member 3 moves as shown by the arrow.

In the prior art shown in FIG. 17, the heat generated from the heat generating member 3 is extracted only from the side of the material 1 to be ripened, which is at the bottom of FIG. (Above 17), the heat is stopped by the insulation 5. Therefore, the temperature of the portion of the heat generating member 3 on the side of the heat insulating material 5 becomes higher than that of the side of the object 1 to be heated, and the temperature of the surface of the ripening member 3 indicated by reference numeral 6 on the side of the heat insulating material 5 becomes high. As a result, the heat generating member 3 is liable to be broken due to disconnection or the like, and the output per unit area must be reduced. For example, the heat generating member 3 can be used only at 1.5 WZ cm ² or less.

According to the experiment of the present inventor, during the use of the heat generating device 2, the ripening member 3 partially deformed due to swelling, and the heat generating member 3 was damaged. According to the investigation by the inventor of the present invention, the cause of such partial bulging of the heat generating member 3 is that the temperature of the heat generating member partially rises due to cavities or bubbles inside the heat generating member. It turned out to be.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat generating device capable of preventing a heat generating member from being partially heated to a high temperature and increasing the output per unit area. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides: (a) a heating member having a substantially flat overall shape;

(b) a first thermal conductor,

On the other hand, the mounting surface of the heating element is mounted on the surface,

The first heat conductor has a connection portion extending outward from a peripheral portion of the heat generating member, and a first mature conductor provided on the other surface thereof in contact with an object to be heated,

(c) a second mature conductor,

A heat generating device, comprising: a second heat conductor that is in contact with a back surface opposite to a mounting surface of the heat generation member and is in contact with a connection portion of the first heat conductor.

According to the present invention, the power is generated by supplying power to a substantially flat heating member. The heat is transferred from the mounting surface of the heat-generating member, through one surface of the first mature conductor made of, for example, metal, to the other surface, and to the object to be heated. In addition, the heat from the back surface of the heat generating member moves to the connection portion of the first heat conductor, which is wider than the ripening member on the one surface side, via the second heat conductor. Thereby, heat from the second heat conductor is also transmitted to the object to be heated via the first heat conductor. Thus, the heat from the back surface of the heat generating member is received by the second heat conductor, and the heat can be transmitted from the first heat conductor to the object to be heated. Therefore, the vicinity of the rear surface of the heat generating member is prevented from being partly abnormally high in temperature, and the heat generating member is prevented from being damaged. In this way, damage to the heat-generating member can be prevented, and a heat-generating device having a high output per unit area, for example, 2 to 1 OWZ cm ² can be realized.

The present invention, thermal conductivity of the first thermal conductor, 0 5 X 1 0 - a ^{2 kca 1 / (m · s} deg.), -. 2 ~1 0 X 1 0

The thermal conductivity of the second ripening conductor, 1 X 1 0 - characterized in that it is a ^{2 kca 1 / (m · s} ■ deg) - s ~l 0 X 1 0.

According to the present invention, the first heat conductor may be made of a metal having good heat conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, so that heat from the heat-generating member is efficiently applied to the object to be heated. Can tell. The second heat conductor may be made of the same metal as the first heat conductor, or may have a heat conductivity smaller than the heat conductivity of the first heat conductor, and The heat conduction from the back of the heat-generating member is large enough to prevent the heat-generating member from being partially abnormally high enough to cause damage to the heat-generating member. To the object to be ripened.

Further, in the present invention, the second heat conductor

Covering the back of the heat generating member and contacting the connection portion of the first heat conductor,

It is a mixture containing a synthetic resin and a strip made of a mature conductive material.

According to the present invention, as will be described later with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, heat generated from the heat generating member is directly applied or the mounting surface of the heat generating member is attached to the one surface of the first heat conductor. The heat is transmitted to the first heat conductor via an adhesive layer made of an adhesive or a double-sided tape to be adhered. The heat from the back surface of the heat generating member is transmitted to a second heat conductor, which is a mixture including a synthetic resin and a strip made of a heat conductive material. It is transmitted to the connection portion on the one surface side. The mixture is a powder made of a material such as a metal having good thermal conductivity, that is, a large thermal conductivity, as the strip, and the powder is dispersed in a synthetic resin. Further, the mixture may be a metal plate or a metal piece as a small piece, and may have a configuration in which such a small piece is mixed in a synthetic resin. The metal may be, for example, aluminum, copper, iron, and the like.

The second heat conductor is a mixture, so that, for example, in a molten state, the unevenness on the back and side surfaces of the heat generating member, and the one surface of the first heat conductor, etc. can be reduced, and the gap can be filled to make surface contact. it can. Thereby, the heat from the rear surface and the side surface of the ripening member can be efficiently extracted from the entire surface and transferred from the second heat conductor to the first heat conductor. Therefore, the ripening efficiency can be improved.The synthetic resin is, for example, a ripening hardening synthetic resin, or a thermoplastic synthetic resin may be used. It does not soften or melt.

Further, the present invention provides the first heat conductor,

On the other hand, it has a plate-shaped part forming the surface,

The connection portion includes a peripheral wall portion that rises from the outer peripheral portion of the plate-shaped portion and forms a recess that houses and surrounds the heating member,

The mixture as the second heat conductor is filled in a recess in which the heat generating member is mounted.

According to the present invention, as will be described later with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, the first mature conductor is formed by a plate-shaped portion and a peripheral wall portion forming at least a part of the connection portion. The heat generating member is housed in the recess, and the mixture is filled in the recess. In this way, the heat generated from the back surface and the side walls of the heat generating member is efficiently transmitted to the peripheral wall of the first heat conductor via the mixture as the second heat conductor.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that one surface of the plate-like portion extends outward from a peripheral portion of the heat generating member to form a part of a connection portion.

According to the present invention, as described later with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the one surface on which the heat generating member is mounted in the plate-shaped portion of the first heat conductor is larger than the peripheral portion of the heat generating member. It has a portion that is exposed outside (ie, in the horizontal direction in FIG. 1, and in the horizontal and vertical directions in FIG. 2). Therefore, the mixture comes into contact with the exposed portion. Departure in this way The heat from the back surface of the heat member is transmitted not only from the mixture to the peripheral wall of the first matured conductor, but also directly from the mixture to the exposed portion of the plate-like portion of the first heat conduction portion. In another embodiment of the present invention, the exposed portion may not be present as shown in FIG. 4 described later. The exposed portion forms a part of the connection portion of the first heat conductor.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a thin plate made of a material having a thermal conductivity larger than the thermal conductivity of the second mature conductor is interposed between the back surface of the heating member and the second mature conductor. I do.

According to the present invention, a thin plate made of a material having a thermal conductivity larger than that of the second thermal conductor made of the mixture, for example, a metal such as aluminum or copper is formed on the back surface of the heating member and the second plate. Interposed between the heat conductor. The thin plate spreads over the entire back surface of the heating member. With this thin plate, the ripening from the back surface of the heat generating member is dispersed and moved to the second heat conductor so that the temperature distribution becomes substantially uniform. Therefore, the temperature on the rear surface of the heat generating member is prevented from being partially increased to an abnormally high temperature, and damage to the heat generating member is prevented.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a temperature detecting element is arranged in contact with the thin plate on the side opposite to the heat generating member, and an electric circuit for suppressing an abnormal rise in temperature of the heat generating member by the output of the temperature detecting element is provided. .

According to the present invention, a temperature detection element such as a thermostat is disposed in contact with the thin plate, and a temperature having a substantially uniform distribution due to heat from the back of the heating member is detected by the temperature detection element. become. Thus, the phenomenon of abnormal temperature rise of the heat generating member can be prevented.

The temperature detecting element may be embedded in the second heat conductor, which is a mixture, and when configured as such, it is possible to prevent intrusion of water such as raindrops and to improve durability, Temperature detection can be performed accurately.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the second heat conductor further includes a heat insulating layer on the surface opposite to the heat generating member.

According to the present invention, since the heat insulating layer is disposed outside the second heat conductor, wasteful heat dissipation from the second heat conductor is prevented, and the heat generated from the heat generating member is transferred to the second heat conductor. The heat conductor can efficiently lead to the first heat conductor.

Also, in the present invention, the first heat conductor is formed in a plate shape, The second mature conductor is

A spacer that is made of a heat conductive material, surrounds the outer periphery of the heat generating member from the periphery, and has one end surface in contact with the connection portion;

A lid member that is made of a heat conductive material, is in contact with the other end surface of the spacer, and sandwiches the heat generating member with the first heat conductor;

A means for fixing the first mature conductor, the spacer, and the lid member is provided.

According to the present invention, as described later with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, a heat generating member is mounted on one surface of a plate-shaped first heat conductor made of a material such as metal, The heat from the mounting surface is transmitted to the one surface of the first heat conductor. The heat from the back surface of the heat-generating member is transferred from the cover member of the second mature conductor made of a material such as metal, through a spacer, and then to the one surface of the first heat conductor with which the spacer comes into contact. It is transmitted to.

The first mature conductor, the spacer, and the lid member are detachably fixed using, for example, bolts. For example, maintenance is easy by making it removable in this way.

Also, in the present invention, the first mature conductor is formed in a plate shape,

The second mature conductor is made of a heat conductive material,

This second thermal conductor

A cover part,

An outer peripheral part surrounding the heat generating member, which is connected to the outer peripheral part of the cover part,

The heat-generating member is housed in the recess formed by the cover part and the outer part, and the end face of the outer part contacts the connection part,

A means for fixing the first and second heat conductors is provided. According to the present invention, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 7, ripening is transferred from the mounting surface of the heat generating member to one surface of the first heat conductor made of a material such as metal. Further, the heat is transmitted from the back surface of the heat generating member to the first heat conductive member via a second heat conductive member made of a material such as a metal forming a recess for accommodating the heat generating member. The first and second heat conductors can be detachably fixed by, for example, bolts to facilitate maintenance.

Further, the present invention provides a method as described below, wherein one surface of the first heat conductor and the mounting surface of the heat generating member are provided, or At least one between the second heat conductor and the back surface of the heating member,

An elastic filler is interposed therebetween.

According to the present invention, an elastic filler is interposed on the mounting surface, the back surface, or both surfaces of the ripening member, as described later with reference to FIGS. As a result, the filler reduces the unevenness between the one surface of the first heat conductor and the mounting surface of the heat generating member, fills the gap, makes surface contact, and similarly, the cover member of the second heat conductor. Alternatively, unevenness between the cover and the back surface of the heat-generating member can be reduced, and the gap can be filled to make surface contact. This improves the heat conduction between the first mature conductor and the heat-generating member or the heat conduction between the second heat conductor and the heat-generating member, increases the heat flow, and generates heat from the heat-generating member. Heat can be efficiently extracted from the entire surface of the heat-generating member and transmitted to the object to be heated via the first heat conductor, thereby heating the object to be ripened.

The filler may be an elastic material having excellent heat resistance such as silicone rubber or fluoro rubber having elasticity, and a metal powder or a metal plate for improving thermal conductivity in the rubber. Alternatively, a fine piece having good thermal conductivity such as a metal piece may be included. Instead of rubber, a synthetic resin material having elasticity may be used. When the filler is thin, the conduction of heat from the heating element to the first or second heat conductor is not hindered, and at this time the filler contains strips to improve the thermal conductivity. It is not necessary.

Further, according to the present invention, the fixing means includes:

A bolt passing through a bolt insertion hole formed in the second heat conductor is screwed into a connection portion of the first heat conductor with a screw hole opened facing the second heat conductor,

The screw hole does not penetrate the other surface of the first heat conductor. According to the present invention, the fixing means for fixing the first and second mature conductors to each other includes a bolt.

The screw hole formed in the connection portion of the first heat conductor does not penetrate the other surface of the first mature conductor, and the screw hole has a bottom. Therefore, it is possible to prevent raindrops and the like from entering the heat generating member. Further, the other surface of the first heat conductor is brought into surface contact with the object to be heated over the entire surface of the other side, so that heat conduction can be improved. The bolt may be removable from the screw hole.

Also, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising: And a maturing layer is provided.

According to the invention, the bolt head of the bolt is covered with a heat insulating layer, so that water can be prevented from entering. This heat insulating layer suppresses heat dissipation from the lid member or the cover portion of the second heat conductor to the outside. The heat insulating layer may be made of a synthetic resin material.

Further, according to the present invention, the heat generating member includes:

It is characterized by being covered with a thermosetting synthetic resin-impregnated non-conductive sheet so as to cover the surface heating element that ripens when power is supplied from both sides, and is cured and pressed. .

According to the present invention, the heating member has a configuration in which the entire surface of the sheet heating element is sandwiched and encapsulated from both sides by a thermosetting synthetic resin-impregnated non-conductive sheet. It will be described later in connection with 1. The sheet heating element will be described later with reference to FIGS. In this way, the heat generating member can be formed in a substantially flat and substantially flat plate shape. Therefore, the mounting surface and the back surface of the heat generating member can be flattened to improve the heat conduction. During the curing reaction of the mature curable synthetic resin in the heat-pressurized and softened state, the sheet is filled with voids in the vicinity of the sheet heating element, for example, terminals, so that no voids are present. As a result, there is no portion of the planar ripening body that causes an abnormal temperature rise, and damage to the planar heating element is prevented. The synthetic resin of the sheet may be a thermosetting synthetic resin as described above, but in other embodiments, may be a thermoplastic synthetic resin.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the sheet heating element is a conductive carbon-containing synthetic resin sheet, and terminals to which electric power is supplied are fixed to both ends along the surface of the sheet heating element. .

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the synthetic resin is polytetrafluoroethylene.

The sheet heating element has a configuration in which conductive strips are mixed with a synthetic resin such as a thermosetting synthetic resin or a thermoplastic synthetic resin, and is ripened when power is supplied from a pair of terminals. The sheet heating element has a composition in which conductive carbon is preferably contained as a conductive strip in a synthetic resin, and the synthetic resin is, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (abbreviation: PTFE). . For example, acetylene black It may be a conductive member such as a metal. The conductive resistance is mixed with PTFE and the longitudinal direction of the conductive carbon is aligned with the direction in which the pair of terminals are arranged. Thus, it is possible to obtain a desired and accurate electric resistance and to accurately realize a desired volume specific resistance of the sheet heating element.

The planar heating element to which the terminals are fixed is sandwiched and pressed by a pair of non-conductive sheets impregnated with a thermosetting synthetic resin, and the thermosetting synthetic resin is cured.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the thermosetting synthetic resin-impregnated non-conductive sheet is a glass fiber prepreg impregnated with a silicon resin.

According to the present invention, the sheet-like heating element to which the terminals are fixed is sandwiched by a sheet pre-predator, and the sheet is heated and pressed from the outside of the sheet to chemically react the thermosetting synthetic resin of the prepreg. By maintaining such a pressurized state, there is no void between the sheet heating element and the terminal and the sheet, and a heating member free of air bubbles is manufactured. The thermosetting synthetic resin of the pre-predator is a silicone resin. The temperature at the time of manufacturing the heating member is, for example, 150 ° C., the pressure is, for example, 50 kg / cm ² , and the heating and pressurizing is maintained. The time may be for example 20 minutes or more, for example 1 hour. In this way, a heat-generating member having a working temperature of about 100 ^eC and a heat-resistant maximum temperature of 150 can be obtained. Due to the absence of the cavity, it is possible to prevent a region of the heat generating member from becoming partially abnormally high in temperature. This prevents the heat-generating member from being damaged and extends its life.

Further in accordance with the present invention, the sheet comprises a glass fiber cloth impregnated with a silicone resin, such a cloth being a woven, knitted or non-woven fabric, which does not expand or contract during the holding period of the heating and pressing. Having. Therefore, the sheet heating element does not expand and contract in this manufacturing process, and the shape of the sheet heating element is kept accurately. Thus, the planar heating element is not deformed during the heating and pressurizing period, and there is no possibility that the electrical characteristics between the terminals, for example, the electrical resistance change. As a result, a heating member using a planar heating element having desired accurate electrical characteristics is realized.

Further, according to the present invention, the temperature detecting element is brought into contact with the second heat conductor on the side opposite to the heat generating member. Placed,

An electric circuit for suppressing abnormal temperature rise of the ripening member by an output of the temperature detecting element is provided.

According to the present invention, a temperature detecting element such as a thermostat is attached to the second heat conductor made of a material such as a metal on the surface opposite to the heat-generating member, and is embedded in the heat insulating layer. It is possible to accurately detect a temperature having a uniform distribution by members. This can prevent an abnormal rise in temperature of the heat generating member.

The present invention also provides (a) a stainless steel heat insulating plate on which food to be kept warm is mounted;

(b) a ripening device arranged on the lower surface of the heat retaining plate,

(b1) a heating member having a substantially flat overall shape;

(b2) a mounting surface of a ripening member mounted on one surface, a connecting portion extending outward from the periphery of the ripening member, and the heat retaining plate being provided in contact with the other surface.

1 Mature conductor,

(b3) A heat-insulating stand for a food including a heating device having a second heat conductor in contact with the rear surface opposite to the heat-generating element mounting surface and in contact with the connection portion of the first heat conductor. According to the present invention, a heat generating device is arranged on the lower surface of the heat retaining plate. In the heat-generating element of the ripening device, for example, the heat generated by the supply of electric power is transferred from its mounting surface. Move to the warm plate. Further, heat from the back surface of the generating member moves to the connection portion of the first heat conductor via the second heat conductor. As a result, the ripeness transmitted to the second heat conductor is also transmitted to the heat insulating plate via the first heat conductor. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the vicinity of the rear surface of the ripening member from being partially heated to a high temperature, thereby preventing the heat generating member from being damaged. A stainless steel plate with good appearance and relatively low maturation conductivity is used for the heat insulation plate without any problem even if food is placed directly on it.

The present invention also provides: (a) a heating member having a substantially flat overall shape;

A conductive heating element having a volume specific resistance of 0.1 to 1.0 Ω cm;

A terminal fixed to both ends along the surface of the sheet heating element and supplied with electric power, A heating member formed by enclosing the sheet heating element and the terminal with a thermosetting synthetic resin-impregnated non-conductive sheet so as to cover the two surfaces thereof, respectively, and curing and pressing;

(b) a first thermal conductor,

The first heat conductor has a connecting portion that extends outward from a peripheral portion of the heat generating member, and a first heat conductor provided on the other surface in contact with a railroad rail;

(c) a second thermal conductor,

A heating device for a railroad rail, comprising: a second heat conductor in contact with a back surface opposite to a mounting surface of a heat generating member and in contact with a connection portion of a first heat conductor. According to the above, the other surface of the first heat conductor to which the ripening member is attached is brought into contact with and fixed to the railroad rail switch and the antinode of the reference rail in the vicinity thereof, thereby heating the rail. Can be. Therefore, there is no possibility that ice or snow will remain between the reference rail and the movable rail in winter or the like, and the function of the switch can be reliably achieved.

According to the present invention, the volume resistivity of the sheet-like heating element of the heating member is selected to be 0.1 to 1.0 Ωcm, preferably 〜3 to 0.5 Ωcm, and thereby 100 to 200 V When power is supplied, a high output of, for example, 2 to 10 W / cm ² can be obtained. If the volume resistivity is less than 0.1 Ω ■ cm, the temperature of the heat-generating member will be too high, for example, exceeding 200 C, resulting in poor durability of the heat-generating member. If the volume resistivity exceeds 1.0 Ω · cm, the output of the ripening member will be too small and the output to melt ice and snow will be insufficient.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The present invention, these and other objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description and drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram of the heating device 12 shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the first and second heat conductors 29 and 31, respectively. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an exploded sectional view of the heat generating member 13.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the sheet heating element 64.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the non-conductive sheet 66 impregnated with the hardening hardening resin. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the non-conductive sheet 65 impregnated with a thermosetting synthetic resin.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating member 13a according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a ripening member 13b according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a simplified perspective view showing the configuration of a heat generating member 13c according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the heat generating device 12 is used for keeping food warm. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the heating device 12 is used as a heating device for a railway rail.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the prior art.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a heat generating device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. The heating device 12 according to the present invention for heating the object 11 to be heated includes a heating member 13 having a substantially flat overall shape, a first heat conductor 14, and a second heat conductor. 1 and 5 are included. The first heat conductor 14 is made of a metal material having a good conductivity such as aluminum or copper having a uniform thickness. The thermal conductivity of Te was month first thermal conductive member 1 ^{4, 0 5 X 1 0 - 2} ~:. L is ^{0 X 1 0 2 kca 1 /} (m ■ s ■ deg). The first heat conductor 14 has a plate portion 17 and a peripheral wall portion 18 extending upward from FIG. 1 from the peripheral portion of the plate portion to form a concave portion 25. . The height H 18 of the peripheral wall 18 is a value exceeding the height H 13 which is the thickness of the heat generating member 13 (H 18> H 13), and the peripheral wall 18 is a maturing member. Higher than 13 One surface 19 of the plate-shaped portion 17 is exposed to the outside (the left-right direction in FIG. 1, the left-right direction and the up-down direction in FIG. 2) of the periphery of the heat generating member 13. 19 c and 19 d.

The mounting surface 21 of the heat generating member 13 is in direct surface contact with one surface 19 of the plate portion 17. In another embodiment, it is mounted via an adhesive layer such as an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. The exposed portions 19a to l9d described above are formed around the periphery, and the peripheral wall portion 18 is further formed, so that the planar shape of one surface 19 side of the first heat conductor 14 is reduced. However, as is clearly shown in FIG. An object to be heated 11 is provided in contact with the other surface 22 of the plate-shaped portion 17. The peripheral wall portion 18 and the exposed portions 19 a to l 9 d form a connecting portion of the first heat conductor 14, and come into contact with the second mature conductor 15 to be connected to the second heat conductor 15. Heat is received. In FIG. 1, the flow of the heat flow from the heat generating member 13 is simplified by arrows.

On the back surface 23 of the ripening member 1 3, there is disposed a thin metal plate 24 such as aluminum or copper having a better thermal conductivity than the second heat conductor 15. 1 3 Back side of 3 2 3 Surface contact. The back surface 23 is a surface on the opposite side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the mounting surface 21 in contact with the one surface 19 of the plate portion 17 of the first mature conductor 14. The thickness of the thin plate 24 may be, for example, 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The heat from the back surface 23 of the heat generating member 13 is dispersed by the thin plate 24, and the temperature distribution of the thin plate 24 becomes substantially uniform. Therefore, the temperature of the rear surface 23 of the heat generating member 13 is prevented from becoming partially abnormally high, and the heat generating member 13 is prevented from being damaged.

On the opposite side of the thin plate 24 from the heat generating member 13 (upper part in FIG. 1), a thermostat 55 as a temperature detecting element is arranged in contact with the thin plate 24. The thermostat 55 has a characteristic of shutting off in a state where the temperature of the ripening member 13 rises abnormally, and conducting when the temperature is below the abnormal temperature. Instead of the thermostat 55, the temperature detecting element may be a fuse that blows at the abnormal temperature, or may be realized by a semiconductor.

The second heat conductor 15 is a mixture containing a synthetic resin and a strip made of a mature conductive material. The synthetic resin of the second mature conductor 15 is preferably a thermosetting synthetic resin such as a silicone resin or a phenol resin, or may be a rubber such as a silicone rubber, and may be a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as a urethane resin. It may be rigid when the heating device 12 is used. The strip mixed with the synthetic resin may be, for example, carbon fiber, graphite, or metal powder such as aluminum, copper, and nickel. The strips represent 5 to 70% by weight of the mixture. When the amount of the strips is less than 5% by weight, the thermal conductivity of the second mature conductor 15 is low. As a result, heat from the back surface 23 of the heat generating member 13 cannot be efficiently transmitted to the first heat conductor 14, and an abnormally high temperature region may be partially generated. That is, when the particles in the mixture are less than 5% by weight, the thermal conductivity of the second heat conductor 15 is low, and thus the above-mentioned partially abnormally high temperature may occur. If the amount of the particles exceeds 70% by weight, it becomes difficult to fill the recess 25 with the mixture. The thermal conductivity of the second heat conductor 1 5 constituted by this is ^{1 X 1 0- s ~l 0 X} 1 0 one ^{2 kca 1 (m · s ■} deg), the first ripe conductor It is equal to or less than the thermal conductivity of

In manufacturing the heat generating device 12, the mounting surface 21 of the heat generating member 13 is mounted on one surface 19 of the plate-like portion 17 in the recess 25 of the first heat conductor 14, and the heat generating member Place thin plate 2 4 on 1 3. Then, the synthetic resin of the mixture of the second heat conductors 15 is poured into the recess 25.

Within the recess 25, a maturing layer 26 is provided on the second heat conductor 15. As a result, the amount of heat radiation from the second mature conductor 15 can be reduced, and the loss due to heat radiation can be reduced. The maturing layer 26 may be made of a synthetic resin such as a silicone resin or a foamed urethane resin, or may be a rubber, etc. The second maturing conductor 15 is in a state where the synthetic resin is molten. The unevenness between the thin plate 24 and the second conductor 15 or the back surface 23 of the heat generating member 13 when the thin plate 24 is omitted is reduced, and the gap is filled. As a result, surface contact becomes possible, so that heat can be efficiently extracted from the heat generating member 13 to the second heat conductor 15. Further, the second heat conductor 15 is also in surface contact with the side surface of the heat generating member 13 so that heat can be efficiently transmitted.

FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram of the heating device 12 shown in FIG. Of the pair of terminals 56 and 57 to which the power of the heat generating member 13 is supplied, one of the terminals 56 is connected to a lead wire 58 from a lead wire 0 through a thermostat 55, A lead wire 59 is connected to the other terminal 57. The lead wires 58 and 59 are taken out through the second heat conductor 15.

Since the thermostat 55 is in contact with the thin plate 4, a temperature having a substantially uniform distribution due to ripening of the heat generating member 13 from the back surface 23 by the thin plate is detected. Furthermore, since the thermostat 55 is buried in the second heat conductor 15, raindrops and the like are provided. Water can be prevented, the durability can be improved and the temperature can be detected accurately.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the thin plate 24 may be omitted, and the second heat conductor 15 may be provided so as to directly contact the rear surface 23 of the ripening member 13.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the exposed portions 19a to 19d shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the plate-like portion 17 of the first heat conductor 14 are omitted. The heat generating member 13 is mounted over substantially the entire surface 21 on the upper part 17 of the recess 25. Heat from the side of the heat generating member 13 is transmitted to the peripheral wall 18. Other configurations

1 5

Is the same as in the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4 and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the heat generating device 28, the mounting surface 21 of the planar heat generating member 13 having a substantially flat shape is provided on one surface 19 of the plate-shaped first heat conductor 29 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. Directly or with an adhesive layer in between. The second mature conductor 31 has a spacer 32 and a lid member 33.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the first and second heat conductors 29, 31 respectively. The spacer 32 is made of a heat conductive material, for example, a metal having good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, and is formed outside the periphery of the heat generating member 13 so as to be endless. . The lid member 33 is also made of the same heat conductive material as the spacer 32. The lid member 33 is disposed on the opposite side of the spacer 32 from the first heat conductor 29 (upper part in FIG. 5). The lid member 33 sandwiches the heat generating member 13 between the first heat conductor 29 and the filler 34 on the side of the lid member 33.

A plurality of bolt insertion holes 35 and 36 are formed in the spacer 32 and the lid member 33 at intervals on the outer periphery thereof. Facing the surface of the first heat conductor 29 on the side of the spacer 32, the first heat conductor 29 has screw holes 37 with bottoms and bolt insertion holes 35, 36. A plurality is formed corresponding to each. The bolt 38 is inserted through the bolt holes 35, 36, and is removably screwed and fixed to the screw hole 37.

The screw hole 37 does not penetrate the other surface 22 of the first heat conductor 29, and So bottomed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent water such as raindrops from entering the recess 25 in which the heat generating member 13 is stored. Further, the other surface 22 can be brought into surface contact with the object to be heated 11 over the entire surface of the other surface 22. This makes it possible to improve the heat conduction and improve the heat conduction from the first heat conductor 29 to the object 11 to be heated.

The filler 34 has elasticity. Filler 34 is made of graphite (Graphite) (thermal conductivity 80-230W.ZmK), nickel (thermal conductivity 94W / mK), alumina (thermal conductivity 21W / mK), Contains carbon, iron oxide, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, etc., and is composed of this mature conductive material dispersed in rubber (thermal conductivity 0.16W / mK). The rubber may be a silicone rubber or a fluoro rubber. Further, instead of rubber, a synthetic resin having elasticity may be used. The mature conductive material of the filler 34 may be 5-70% by weight. If the content is less than 5% by weight, the thermal conductivity of the filler 34 is insufficient, and the heat generating member 13 may be partially abnormally high in temperature. If it exceeds 70% by weight, the elasticity becomes insufficient. The thickness of the filler 34 is 0.5 to 2. Omm.

The filling material 34 improves the maturing conductivity between the filling material 34 and the heat generating member 13 and the heat conductivity between the filling material 34 and the lid member 33, thereby effectively improving the maturing from the maturing member 13. The heat can be transmitted to the ripened surface 33 a of the lid member 33 of the second heat conductor 31. Further, even if the allowable output of the heat generating member 13 is increased, the heat conduction is high and the heat can hardly be trapped in the heat generating member 13. Therefore, the heating rate can be increased by increasing the amount of electricity.

Due to the elasticity of the filler 34, irregularities between the back surface 23 of the heat generating member 13 and the surface 33 a of the lid member 33 are alleviated, the gap is filled, and surface contact is enabled. Heat can be efficiently transmitted to the lid member 33. Furthermore, due to the resiliency of the filler 34, the mounting surface 21 of the heat generating member 13 is pressed against and contacts one surface 19 of the first heat conductor 29, thereby enabling efficient heat transfer. . In another embodiment of the present invention, the filler 34 is omitted, or the filler 34 is provided, and the mounting surface 21 of the heat generating member 13 and one surface 19 of the first heat conductor 29 are further provided. A filler having the same elasticity as that of the filler 34 described above may be interposed therebetween. A heat insulating layer 40 may be mounted on the surface 39 on the opposite side of the lid member 33 from the heat generating member 13 (upper side in FIG. 5). The heat insulating layer 40 may have a composition similar to that of the ripe layer 26 of FIG. 1 described above. The ripened layer 40, like the ripened layer 26 described above, is made of synthetic resin or rubber, in which the thermoconductive substance is not dispersed, and therefore, ripening or heat dissipation from the heat insulating layer 40. Energy loss can be reduced. The maturing layer 40 covers the bolt heads 62 of the bolts 38, so that it is possible to reliably prevent water from entering the heating member 13 from the outside.

A thermostat 55 is arranged in contact with a surface 39 of the second heat conductor 31 opposite to the ripening member 13 of the lid member 33 (upper side in FIG. 5). This thermostat 55 is buried in the heat insulating layer 40. The cover member 33 is formed with insertion holes 61 and 62 through which the lead wires 59 and 60 pass. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a sealing material is interposed between the lid member 33 and one end face of the spacer 32, and the other end face of the spacer 32 is connected to the first heat source. A sealing material may be interposed between the conductor 29 and the conductor 29 to reliably prevent water from entering from outside. This sealing material is made of a material such as synthetic resin or rubber, and is thin, so that it does not prevent ripening.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the above-described embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the heat generating device 41 shown in FIG. 7, the first heat conductor 42 is plate-shaped, and on the other hand, a heat generating member 13 is disposed on the surface 43 so as to be covered with the fillers 44 and 45. You. The second heat conductor 46 may be made of the same metal material as the first heat conductor 42, for example, aluminum, copper, or the like. The second mature conductor 46 has a recess 47 surrounding the heat generating member 13 and the fillers 44, 45 outside the periphery. The recess 47 receives the ripening member 13 and the fillers 44 and 45 facing the first heat conductor 42. A bolt hole 50 is formed in an outer peripheral portion 49 connected to the cover portion 48 of the second heat conductor 46. The first heat conductor 42 has a bottomed screw hole 51 facing the second heat conductor 46. The bolt 52 is inserted through the bolt hole 50, screwed into the screw hole 51, and is detachable.

The heat generating member 13 is provided with fillers 44 and 45 so as to cover from both sides thereof. Be encapsulated. The fillers 44 and 45 have elasticity and may have the same configuration as the filler 34 shown in FIG. 5 described above. In this way, the heat generated from the heat generating member 13 by the resilience of the fillers 44, 45 can be efficiently transmitted to the first and second heat conductors 42, 46. The cover portion 48 of the second heat conductor 46 is provided with a heat insulating layer 53 having the same composition as the heat insulating layers 26 and 40 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5 described above. Is also good. A thermostat 55 is disposed in contact with the surface of the cover part 48 opposite to the heat generating member 13 (upper side in FIG. 7), and the thermostat 55 is embedded in the heat insulating layer 53. In the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the fillers 34, 44, 45 are composed of the first heat conductors 39, 42 and the second heat conductors 31, 46. And the heating member 13 together. Therefore, no cavity is generated between the heat generating member 13 and the fillers 34, 44, 45. This does not result in any partly abnormally high temperatures, and even if such abnormally high temperatures occur, the filling material 3 4; 4 4, 4 5 does not swell and is locally localized. The generation of a high temperature region is suppressed.

Although the fillers 34, 44, 45 are made of a heat-resistant and elastic material and preferably have a good conductivity, in another embodiment of the present invention, the thermal conductivity Even if the thickness is low, if the thickness of such fillers 34, 44, 45 is small, there is no practical obstacle to heat transfer.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the filler 34 in FIG. 5 may be omitted, and one or both of the fillers 44 and 45 in FIG. 7 may be omitted. For example, in FIG. 7, either one of the fillers 44 and 45 may be omitted, and only one of the fillers 44 and 45 may be used.

FIG. 8 is an exploded sectional view of the heat generating member 13. The heat-generating member 13 basically includes a sheet-like heating element 64 that is supplied with electric power and generates heat, and terminals 56, 57 fixed to the sheet-like heating element 64 from both sides thereof. A pair of thermosetting synthetic resin-impregnated non-conductive sheets 65 and 66 are wrapped, and the thermosetting synthetic resins of these sheets 65 and 66 are chemically reacted so as to be hardened and pressed. Is done.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the sheet heating element 64. The planar ripening body 64 is a conductive carbon-containing synthetic resin sheet. The synthetic resin is, for example, PTFE, and the conductive resin is, for example, a conductive resin such as acetylene black. . P The conductive carbon is mixed with the TFE, and the longitudinal direction of the conductive carbon is aligned with the direction 67 of the pair of terminals 56, 57 arranged along the surface of the planar heat generating body 64. can do. As a result, the electrical resistance between the pair of terminals 56 and 57 can be reduced in the direction 67 in comparison with the direction perpendicular to the direction 68, and the desired accurate electrical resistance can be obtained. The desired volume resistivity of the heating element can be accurately realized.

The thickness of the terminals 56 and 57 is selected to be 100 to 500〃m, preferably about 200 η. The terminals 56 and 57 are arranged on both sides of the sheet heating element 64 and fixed by sewing, stapling (trade name), or riveting, so that the sheet heating element 64 and the terminal 56 are fixed. 5 and 7 are electrically connected. The length of the planar ripening body 64 in the longitudinal direction in the direction of the arrow 67 may be, for example, 15 cm, and the width in the direction of the arrow 68 may be 3 cm. The sheet heating element 64 may have another configuration in which conductive strips are dispersed and mixed in a synthetic resin.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the non-conductive sheet 66 impregnated with a thermosetting rigid resin. Another thermosetting synthetic resin non-conductive sheet 66 also has the same configuration as this sheet 65. The sheet 65 has a configuration in which, for example, a glass cloth 71 composed of a warp yarn 69 and a weft yarn 70 is impregnated with a silicone resin which is one of thermosetting synthetic resins.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of the non-conductive sheet 65 impregnated with a thermosetting synthetic resin. The glass cloth 71 is wound around a dipping roll 74 in a container 73 and impregnated with a liquid silicone resin 72 to be solidified. The thermosetting synthetic resin in the non-conductive sheet 65 impregnated with the mature curable synthetic resin may be an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a phenol resin, a melamine resin, or the like, in addition to the silicone resin. Instead of the thermosetting synthetic resin in the thermoplastic synthetic resin-impregnated nonconductive sheet 65, for example, an inorganic substance may be used. In this way, the pre-prepared thermosetting synthetic resin impregnated non-conductive sheets 65, 66 obtained as shown in FIG. 11 apply the sheet heating element 6 to which the terminals 56, 57 shown in FIG. 4 and sandwich it on both sides. The state, for example about 1 5 CTC :, 2 0 minutes or more, for example, preferably about 1 hour, about 5 0 kg / cm ² in using a heated plate-shaped mold hot pressing, such as silicon resins The thermosetting synthetic resin is cured and pressed. By such a manufacturing process, A cavity is prevented from being generated in the heat generating member 13. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a region where the temperature becomes abnormally high from occurring, thereby preventing the heat generating member 13 from being damaged. The pressure of the ripening press is set in the range of about 20 kg / cm ² to about 100 kg / cm ² , and the above-mentioned pressure of about 50 kg / cm ² is particularly preferable. Such pressure prevents the formation of the cavities.

At the time of this hot pressing, the glass cloth 71 does not expand and contract, so that the planar heating element 64 is prevented from expanding and contracting. Therefore, deformation of the planar maturation body 64 is prevented, and the heat generating member 13 having a desired and accurate electric resistance can be manufactured.

Instead of the glass cloth 71, another cloth such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric may be used. In addition to the glass cloth 71, usable inorganic fibers include glass mats. In place of the glass cloth 71, organic fibers include paper pulp, nonwoven fabric, nylon cloth, polyester cloth, and the like.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating member 13a according to another embodiment of the present invention. The sheet heating element 64 to which the pair of terminals 56, 57 is fixed is covered with electrically insulating synthetic resin films 75, 76. The films 75 and 76 are made of, for example, polyimide resin. The heat generating member 13a shown in FIG. 12 can be used instead of the heat generating member 13 in FIG. 1 to FIG.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a heat generating member 13 b according to another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 12, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. A coating layer 77 is formed on one surface of the planar ripened body 64 to which the terminals 56 and 57 are fixed, and a film 76 is fixed to the other surface in the same manner as in FIG. The coating layer 77 is made of the same material as the filler 34 in FIG. 5 and the fillers 44 and 45 in FIG. 7 described above, and is made of a material such as rubber or synthetic resin which is electrically insulating and elastic. The heat-generating member 13b shown in FIG. 13 can be used instead of the heat-generating member 13 in each of the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. Such a planar heating element 64 and the heating members 13a and 13b shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 are relatively flexible and not rigid, and thus have excellent impact resistance performance. . Therefore, the present invention can be suitably carried out even in an environment in which severe vibration occurs near a switch on a railroad rail. Further, it is preferable to use the heating member 13a of FIG. 12 instead of the ripening member 13 of FIG. 7 from the viewpoint of impact resistance. FIG. 14 is a simplified perspective view showing the configuration of a heat generating member 13c according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The heating member 13c has a configuration in which a heating wire 79 such as a meandering code heater is embedded in a coating layer 78. The coating layer 78 is made of a material having elasticity such as rubber or synthetic resin, and may be made of, for example, silicon rubber. The meandering pitch P of the heating wire 79 is selected, for example, to a value less than 15 mm, whereby heat can be generated with a uniform temperature distribution.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a heating stand 101 in which the heat generating device 12 is used for keeping food such as a grilled chicken and a hamburger. The heating stand 101 is attached to a united counter table 102 such as a cafeteria that provides food such as skewered grilled chicken and hamburger, and customers who eat warmed food on the right side of Fig. 15 Can be eaten, and on the left side of Figure 15 there are cooks who serve dishes. The counter table 102 is provided with a U-shaped groove 103 lined with a stainless steel plate or the like. Into the groove 103, a unitized thermal insulation board 101 is fitted. The counter table 102 and the heat retaining table 101 extend perpendicularly to the paper surface of FIG. 15, and the heat retaining table 101 has an appropriate length, and is adjacent to the counter table 102 in the longitudinal direction.

The heat retaining base 101 is basically composed of a heat retaining plate 107 made of stainless steel, a first heat conductor 108 made of aluminum, a sheet ripening body 109, and a second heat The heat conductor includes a conductor and a heat insulating member that covers the entire lower surface of the second heat conductor. The heat retaining board 101 is further provided with a cover 113 that covers the heat insulating member 112.

The heat retaining plate 101 is a plate-like heat retaining portion 1 14 inclined so as to become lower toward the cook, and a rising portion rising from the continuous portion 1 16 of the heat retaining portion 114 on the cook side. 1 1 and 5. Further, the rising portion 115 has an extending portion 117 extending to the cook side, and the falling portion 118 is connected to the customer side of the heat retaining plate 107. Food and the like placed on the heat retaining section 114 are kept at a constant temperature by controlling the sheet heating element 109.

A first mature conductor 108 is fixedly contacted to the lower surface of the heat retaining section 114. The first heat conductor 108 extends in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper of FIG. 15, and the cook's side end 119 extends to the vicinity of the continuous part 116.

On the back surface of the extension 1 117 of the heat retaining plate 107, the holding portion 1 31 of the mounting member 130 is fixed by sbot welding or the like, and on the back of the rising portion 1 15 of the heat retaining plate 107. Contact The falling part 13 2 to be touched is connected to the mounting part 13 3 extending rightward in FIG. 1 from the lower part of the falling part 13 2. The mounting member 130 includes a holding portion 131, a falling portion 132, and a mounting portion 133. The mounting portion 133 is provided with a threaded hole 133a that has been subjected to ringing.

A holding portion 135 of another mounting member 134 is spot-welded and fixed to the back surface of the heat retaining plate 107 near the falling portion 1118. The mounting member 13 4 has a falling part 13 6 connected to the holding part 13 5 and a locking part 13 7 extending to the left in FIG. 1 from the lower part of the falling part 13 36.

The cover member 1 3 8 is connected to a cover 1 3 9 extending from the locking portion 1 3 7 to the mounting portion 1 3 3 and a cover 1 3 9, and a falling portion 1 3 of the mounting member 1 3 2 has a contact portion 140 that partially covers the left side of FIG. In the cover part 139, a bolt hole 143 through which the shaft part 142 of the bolt 141 is inserted is formed. The shaft portion 142 of the bolt 141 is screwed into the screw hole 133a. An end portion 1339a in the width direction of the cover portion 1339 is located above the locking portion 1337. In this way, the cover member 1338 is detachably attached to the attachment members 130 and 134.

The thermal conductivity of the stainless steel forming the heat retaining plate 107 is relatively small, about 27 W / mK, and the thermal conductivity of the aluminum forming the first heat conductor 108 is 235 W / mK. As described above, it is preferable that the heat conductivity of the first heat conduction plate 108 differs from the heat insulation plate 107 by one digit or more. The material of the first mature conductor 108 may be copper in addition to aluminum, and the thermal conductivity of copper is about 398 W / mK. Aluminum is also preferred in that it is difficult to obtain.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the heating device 12 is used as a heating device for a railway rail. The other surface 22 of the first mature conductor 14 of the ripening device 12 is fixed to the antinode 81 of the railroad rail 80 by surface contact. Railway rail 80 is a reference rail of a switch. The heating device 12 may be attached to the head 82 or the bottom 83 in addition to the belly 81 of the rail 80 so as not to impede the running of the vehicle, or the rail 80 May be provided in the vicinity. In this way, ice and snow can be melted, and the function of the track can be maintained. Instead of the heating device 12, other ripening devices 28, 41, etc. may be used.

Melting ice and snow in switchgear by using heating device 1 2 for railway rails When used, the sheet heating element is selected to be 0.1 to 1.0 OQ cm, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 Ωcm, and if a commercial power supply (100 to 200 V) is used. A high output of 2 to 10 W, / cm ² can be obtained.

The present invention may be embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in every aspect, and the scope of the present invention is set forth in the appended claims, and is not limited by the specification.

Further, all modifications and changes belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

[Industrial applicability]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, not only heat is transmitted from the mounting surface of the heat generating member to one surface of the first heat conductor, but also the first heat conduction from the back surface of the heat generating member via the second heat conductor. Heat is transmitted to the body, and thus heat from the first heat conductor is transmitted to the object to be heated, and the object to be heated can be ripened. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the heat-generating member from being abnormally high, particularly on the rear side, thereby preventing the heat-generating member from being damaged, and realizing a heat-generating device having a high output per unit area. .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the first heat conductor is made of a material having a good heat conductivity, the heat from the heat generating member can be efficiently transmitted to the object to be heated. The second heat conductor has a large thermal conductivity sufficient to prevent at least a portion near the rear surface of the heat-generating member from becoming abnormally high temperature, so that the heat-generating member is not damaged, and the heat from the rear surface of the heat-generating member is not damaged. Can be transmitted to the object to be heated via the first heat conductor.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the second heat conductor is a mixture containing a synthetic resin and a strip made of a heat conductive material, and the synthetic resin covers the back surface of the heat generating member and further covers the side surface thereof. In this way, the mixture can be brought into contact with the ripening member and the first surface of the first thermal conductor by reducing the unevenness and filling the gap, so that the heat from the heating member can be efficiently taken out over the entire surface Will be able to do it.

According to the present invention of claim 4, the heat generating member is housed in the recess of the first heat conductor, and the mixture is filled in the recess, so that the mixture does not flow out during manufacture, Manufacture is easy, and heat from the heat generating member can be efficiently transferred to the first heat conductor by surface contact with the mixture. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the one surface of the plate-like portion on which the heating member of the first mature conductor is mounted has an exposed portion outside the heating member, and the exposed portion Therefore, the mixture can come into contact with the mixture, so that heat from the back surface and heat from the side surface of the ripening member can be efficiently transmitted to the exposed portion, and the efficiency is improved.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the thin plate is interposed between the back surface of the heat generating member and the second mature conductor, the heat from the heat generating member is reduced by the thin plate so that the temperature distribution becomes substantially uniform. However, the heat is dispersed and moves to the second heat conductor, so that the temperature of the rear surface of the heat generating member is partially prevented from becoming abnormally high, and damage to the heat generating member can be prevented. According to the present invention, since a temperature detecting element such as a thermostat is arranged in contact with the thin plate, a temperature having a substantially uniform distribution due to heat from the heat generating member is detected by the temperature detecting element. In addition, abnormal temperature rise of the heat generating member can be prevented. In addition, the temperature detecting element may be embedded in the second heat conductive body. With such a structure, it is possible to prevent intrusion of water such as raindrops, to improve durability, and to perform temperature detection. Can be done accurately.

According to the present invention, since the heat insulating layer is disposed outside the second heat conductor, wasteful heat dissipation from the second heat conductor is prevented, and the heat generated by the heat generating member is generated. The ripening can be efficiently guided from the second heat conductor to the first ripening conductor.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the ripening from the mounting surface of the heating member is transmitted to the first heat conductor, and the ripening from the back surface of the heating member is passed through the spacer from the lid member to the first heat conductor. Can be told. By selecting and using a spacer having a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the heat generating member, that is, the height, the first mature conductor and the lid member can be shared by various heat generating members.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, heat is transmitted from the heat generating member to the first heat conductor, and from the heat generating member to the first heat conductor via the second mature conductor forming a recess. Ripeness can be conveyed.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the unevenness between the heat generating member and the first and second heat conductors is reduced by the elastic filler, the gap is filled, and the heat generating member is brought into surface contact with the heat generating member. Can be efficiently taken out from the entire surface and transmitted efficiently for heating the object to be heated.

According to the present invention of claim 12, the screw hole formed in the connection portion of the first heat conductor is Since the first mature conductor does not penetrate the other surface and has a bottom, it is possible to prevent water such as raindrops from entering the heat generating member. Further, the other surface of the first heat conductor is brought into surface contact with the object to be heated over the entire surface of the other side, so that heat conduction can be improved.

According to the present invention of claim 13, since the bolt head of the bolt is covered with the heat insulating layer, it is possible to prevent water from entering and to remove the bolt from the cover member or the cover portion of the second mature conductor. The heat dissipation to the side can be suppressed.

According to the present invention of claim 14, the ripening member is sandwiched on both sides of the sheet heating element with a non-conductive sheet impregnated with a thermosetting synthetic resin, so that the heating member has a substantially flat plate shape. Can suppress the occurrence of cavities due to heat, improve the output of the planar heat generating member, ensure sufficient thermal and strength, and prevent water from entering from outside The durability can be improved.

According to the present invention of claims 15 and 16, conductive carbon is mixed with a synthetic resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene, whereby the strength can be improved and the desired accurate electric resistance can be obtained. In addition to this, the desired volume resistivity of the planar ripening body can be accurately realized.

According to the present invention of claim 17, the sheet heating element to which the terminals are fixed is sandwiched by a pre-predator which is a sheet, and the sheet is heated and pressed from the outside, and the thermosetting synthesis of the pre-aleg is performed. By maintaining the pressurized state by causing the resin to undergo a chemical reaction and cure, voids between the sheet heating element and the terminal and the sheet are eliminated. As a result, a region where the heat generating member is partially at an abnormally high temperature is prevented from being generated, the heat generating member is prevented from being damaged, and the life is prolonged. Also, since the sheet has the property of not expanding or contracting during the holding period of the ripening / pressing, the planar heat generating body does not deform during the holding period of the heating / pressing, and the electrical characteristics between its terminals, for example, There is no risk that the resistance will change. As a result, a heating member using a planar heating element having desired accurate electrical characteristics is realized.

According to the present invention, a temperature detecting element such as a thermostat is attached to the second heat conductor on the surface opposite to the heat generating member, or further embedded in the heat insulating layer. Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect a temperature having a uniform distribution by the heat generating member. This can prevent an abnormal rise in temperature of the heat generating member. Wear. In addition, water can be prevented from entering.

According to the present invention of claim 19, not only heat is transmitted from the mounting surface of the heat generating member to the first heat conductor, but also heat is transmitted from the back surface of the heat generating member to the first heat conductor via the second heat conductor. The heat insulation plate can be heated with these heats. This prevents partial ripening of the ripening member, especially on the back side, and can increase the output per unit area. <The heat insulation plate is made of stainless steel plate, and there is no problem even if food is placed directly. No, it looks good.

According to the present invention of claim 20, the other surface of the first heat conductor on which the heating member is mounted is brought into contact with and fixed to a switch of a railroad rail and an antinode of a reference rail near the switch. The rail can be heated. Therefore, there is no possibility that ice or snow will remain between the reference rail and the movable rail in winter or the like, and the function of the switch can be reliably achieved.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. (a) a heat generating member having a substantially flat shape as a whole;

(b) a first thermal conductor,

On the other hand, the mounting surface of the ripening member is mounted on the surface,

The first heat conductor has a connection portion that extends outward from a peripheral portion of the heat-generating member, and a first heat conductor provided on the other surface in contact with an object to be heated,

(c) a second mature conductor,

A heat generating device, comprising: a second heat conductor that contacts a back surface opposite to a mounting surface of the heat generating member and contacts a connection portion of the first heat conductor.

. 2 the thermal conductivity of the first ripe conductor, 0 5 X 1 0 - a ^{2 ~ 1 0 X 1 0 kca} / (m ■ s · deg),.

The thermal conductivity of the second thermal ^{conductor, 1 X 1 0 _ s ~l} 0 X 1 0- 2 kca 1, heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the a (m · s · deg).

3. The second heat conductor is

Covers the back of the heating element and contacts the connection of the first mature conductor,

3. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a mixture containing a synthetic resin and a strip made of a heat conductive material.

4. The first mature conductor is

On the other hand, has a 扳 -shaped part forming the surface,

4. The heating device according to claim 3, wherein the mixture as the second heat conductor is filled in a recess in which the heating member is mounted.

5. The heat generating device according to claim 4, wherein one surface of the plate-like portion extends outward from a peripheral portion of the heat generating member to form a part of a connection portion.

6. A thin plate made of a material having a thermal conductivity higher than that of the second mature conductor is interposed between the back surface of the heat generating member and the second thermal conductor. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims.

7. The temperature detecting element is arranged in contact with the thin plate on the side opposite to the heat generating member, 7. The heat generating device according to claim 6, further comprising an electric circuit for suppressing an abnormal temperature rise of the heat generating member by an output of the temperature detecting element.

8. The heat generating device according to claim 3, further comprising a heat insulating layer on a surface of the second mature conductor opposite to the heat generating member.

9. The first heat conductor is formed in a plate shape,

The second heat conductor is

A lid member that is made of a heat conductive material, is in contact with the other end surface of the spacer, and sandwiches the heat generating member with the first mature conductor;

3. The heating device according to claim 1, further comprising means for fixing the first heat conductor, the spacer, and the lid member.

10. The first heat conductor is formed in a plate shape,

The second heat conductor is made of a heat conductive material,

This second thermal conductor

Part of hippo,

An outer peripheral portion surrounding the heat-generating member, which is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the cover portion;

3. The heating device according to claim 1, further comprising means for fixing the first and second heat conductors.

11. Between one surface of the first heat conductor and the mounting surface of the heat generating member, or

At least one between the second heat conductor and the back surface of the heating member,

The heating device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a filler having elasticity is interposed.

12. The fixing means

A bolt passing through a bolt hole formed in the second heat conductor is screwed into a connection part of the first heat conductor with a screw hole opened facing the second heat conductor. The heating device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the screw hole does not penetrate the other surface of the first mature conductor.

13. The heat generating device according to claim 12, wherein a heat insulating layer is provided on a surface of the second heat conductor opposite to the heat generating member, the heat insulating layer covering the bolt.

14. The heating element

It is characterized by being covered with a thermosetting synthetic resin-impregnated non-conductive sheet so as to cover the planar ripening body that generates heat when supplied with electric power from both sides, and is cured and pressed. A ripening device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The planar heating element is a conductive carbon-containing synthetic resin sheet, and terminals to which power is supplied are fixed to both ends along the surface of the planar heating element. The heating device according to 4.

16. The heating device according to claim 15, wherein the synthetic resin is polytetrafluoroethylene.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the non-conductive sheet impregnated with a thermosetting synthetic resin is a glass fiber pre-predator impregnated with a silicon resin.

18. The temperature detecting element is arranged in contact with the second heat conductor on the side opposite to the heat generating member, and an electric circuit for suppressing an abnormal rise in temperature of the heat generating member by the output of the temperature detecting element is provided. The heating device according to one of claims 13 to 17, wherein

19. (a) a heating plate made of stainless steel plate on which food to be kept warm is loaded, and (b) a heating device arranged on a lower surface of the heating plate,

(b1) a heating member having a substantially flat overall shape;

(b2) a mounting surface of the heat-generating member mounted on one surface, a connecting portion extending outward from the periphery of the heat-generating member, and the heat insulating plate being provided in contact with the other surface.

1 thermal conductor,

(b3) A heat insulating table for a food, comprising: a heat generating device having a second heat conductor in contact with the back surface opposite to the mounting surface of the heat generator and in contact with the connection portion of the first heat conductor.

20. (a) A heating member having a substantially flat overall shape, and the heating member includes:

(b) the first mature conductor,

(c) a second thermal conductor,

A heating device for a railway rail, comprising: a second mature conductor that contacts a back surface opposite to a mounting surface of a heat generating member and contacts a connection portion of a first thermal conductor.