WO2000011404A1 - Operating method for a hybrid burner - Google Patents

Operating method for a hybrid burner Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000011404A1
WO2000011404A1 PCT/DE1999/002495 DE9902495W WO0011404A1 WO 2000011404 A1 WO2000011404 A1 WO 2000011404A1 DE 9902495 W DE9902495 W DE 9902495W WO 0011404 A1 WO0011404 A1 WO 0011404A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
supply duct
premix
burner
fuel
air supply
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1999/002495
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carsten Tiemann
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to DE59910909T priority Critical patent/DE59910909D1/en
Priority to EP99952350A priority patent/EP1105678B1/en
Priority to JP2000566618A priority patent/JP2002523717A/en
Publication of WO2000011404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000011404A1/en
Priority to US09/789,343 priority patent/US20010018173A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2206/00—Burners for specific applications
    • F23D2206/10—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00014—Pilot burners specially adapted for ignition of main burners in furnaces or gas turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid burner, which has a premix burner and a pilot burner.
  • the premix burner has a premix air supply duct and at least one premix fuel supply duct which opens into the premix air supply duct.
  • the pilot burner has an air supply duct and a fuel supply duct for liquid and / or gaseous fuel.
  • a hybrid burner is known from EP 0 580 683 B1.
  • the hybrid burner has a pilot burner system which is surrounded concentrically by a premix burner.
  • the pilot burner system has a central oil supply with an inner gas supply channel arranged around it.
  • the gas supply duct is surrounded by a concentrically arranged inner air supply duct.
  • the pilot burner system is in turn surrounded by a feed channel system for various fuels, this feed channel system having a first gas feed channel and a second gas feed channel and an oil feed channel.
  • An outer air supply duct surrounds the supply duct system of the fuels, the ducts of this supply duct system each opening into the outer air supply duct.
  • the outer air supply duct and the supply duct system of the fuels form the premix burner of the hybrid burner.
  • the hybrid burner can be operated in various operating modes, air being fed to combustion via the outer and inner air supply ducts and fuel being fed via one or more of the ducts used for the fuel supply.
  • a first diffusion mode of operation is known, whereby combustion takes place via the first gas supply channel of the pilot burner coal gas, via the second gas supply channel of the premix burner also coal gas and via the two air supply channels. air duct is supplied.
  • fuel and air are supplied via the first gas supply channel as in the first diffusion mode and, moreover, water vapor.
  • fuel and air are supplied via the oil supply channel, as in the first diffusion mode, and in addition, water.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a hybrid burner with a NO x reduction.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to the preamble of claim 1, in which air is supplied to a combustion via the air supply duct and via the premix air supply duct, oil via the fuel supply duct and water via the premix fuel supply duct.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that when the hybrid burner is operated in the second or third diffusion operating mode according to EP 0 580 683 B1, the ignition of so-called combustion chamber vibrations can be favored if the amount of water vapor supplied per unit of time has a water vapor limit value or the amount of water supplied per unit of time exceeds a water limit.
  • Combustion chamber vibrations are understood to mean standing pressure vibrations which form in the combustion chamber during operation of the hybrid burner.
  • the combustion chamber vibrations can lead to a high mechanical load on the parts of the gas turbine forming the combustion chamber.
  • the invention is based on the further finding that the water limit value and the water vapor limit value depend on the channel through which the hybrid burner supplies the water.
  • the water is supplied in liquid and / or vapor form via the premixed fuel.
  • the water limit value or the water vapor limit value can be here than with a hybrid burner that is operated after the first or second diffusion operation according to EP 0 580 683 B1.
  • the water supplied is used to reduce NO x during combustion of the fuel and air supplied.
  • the higher the amount of water supplied per unit of time the higher the NO x reduction rate.
  • the amount of water that can be supplied per unit of time is much higher than in a method according to the prior art, and consequently the NO x emission is also reduced.
  • the performance of the hybrid burner can be higher with the same NO x emission, because because a larger amount of water can be supplied, the amount of fuel and air combustible per unit of time can be correspondingly larger.
  • the object directed to the method is alternatively achieved by a method according to the preamble of patent claim 2, in which air is supplied via the air supply duct and via the premix air supply duct, fuel gas exclusively via the fuel supply duct and water via the premix fuel supply duct.
  • Water in the liquid state is preferably supplied via a premix fuel supply channel which is designed to supply oil.
  • Water vapor is further preferably supplied via a premix fuel supply channel which is designed for supplying fuel gas.
  • Equivalent burner arrangements include understood such burner arrangements which have a premix burner and a pilot burner spatially separated from one another, the flames of which mutually influence one another during operation.
  • the figure shows a hybrid burner, which is shown schematically and not to scale.
  • a hybrid burner 20 is shown for a combustion chamber of a gas turbine, not shown.
  • the hybrid burner has a pilot burner 21 and a premix burner 22.
  • the pilot burner 21 comprises a fuel feed channel 1 for liquid or gaseous fuel, a gas fuel feed channel 2 for gaseous fuel and an air feed channel 3.
  • the premix burner 22 comprises a first premix fuel feed channel 8 and a second premix fuel feed channel 16, which are each designed to supply fuel gas Premixed air supply duct 4 and a third premixed fuel supply duct 12, which is designed to supply liquid fuel.
  • the gas fuel supply channel 2, the air supply channel 3, the first premix fuel supply channel 8, the second premix fuel supply channel 16, the premix air supply channel 4 and the third premix fuel supply channel 12 are each designed as an annular channel.
  • the fuel supply channel 1 is arranged centrally along a main axis 30. This is surrounded by the gas fuel supply channel 2, which in turn is surrounded by the air supply channel 3.
  • the air supply duct 3 has an opening 31 which forms the opening of the pilot burner.
  • the air supply duct 3 is surrounded in front of its mouth 31 by the third premix fuel supply duct 12.
  • the air supply Channel 3 is also surrounded by the first premixed fuel supply channel 8, which in turn is surrounded by the second premixed fuel supply channel 16.
  • the pilot burner 21 and the premixed fuel supply channels 8, 12 and 16 are surrounded by the outer air supply channel 4.
  • the third premixed fuel supply channel 12 opens into the outer one Air supply duct 4.
  • the first premix fuel supply duct 8 and the second premix fuel supply duct 16 open towards the mouth 31, viewed in front of the third premix fuel supply duct 12, into the premix air supply duct 4.
  • the hybrid burner 20 has an opening 23 with which it opens into a combustion chamber 24 of a gas turbine (not shown in more detail).
  • air is supplied to the combustion chamber 24 via the air supply duct 3 and via the premix air supply duct 4, oil via the fuel supply duct 1 and water via the third premix supply duct 12, where the oil and the air are combusted in the presence of the water.
  • water vapor is supplied via the second premixed fuel supply channel 8 instead of or simultaneously with a supply of water via the third premixed fuel supply channel 12.
  • the hybrid burner 20 can additionally be operated in a so-called gas diffusion mode, gaseous fuel being produced exclusively via the fuel supply duct 1 or the gas fuel supply duct 2, air via the air supply duct 3 or the premixed air supply duct 4 and water via the premixed air supply duct 8, 12 and / or 16.

Abstract

The invention relates to an operating method for a hybrid burner (20). The hybrid burner (20) has a premix burner (22) and a pilot burner (21). The premix burner (22) comprises a premix air supply duct (4) that leads into a premix fuel supply duct (8, 12, 16). The pilot burner (21) comprises an air supply duct (3) and a fuel supply duct (1, 2) for liquid and/or gaseous fuel. When the hybrid burner (20) is in operation, air is fed via the air supply duct (3) and the premix air supply duct (4), oil is fed via the fuel supply duct (1) and water is fed via the premix fuel supply duct (8, 12, 16).

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zum Betrieb eines HybridbrennersMethod of operating a hybrid burner
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridbrenners, der einen Vormischbrenner und einen Pilotbrenner aufweist. Der Vormischbrenner weist einen Vormischluftzufuhrkanal und zumindest einen Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal auf, welcher in den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal mündet. Der Pi- lotbrenner weist einen Luftzufuhrkanal und einen Brennstoffzufuhrkanal für flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoff auf.The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid burner, which has a premix burner and a pilot burner. The premix burner has a premix air supply duct and at least one premix fuel supply duct which opens into the premix air supply duct. The pilot burner has an air supply duct and a fuel supply duct for liquid and / or gaseous fuel.
Ein Hybridbrenner ist bekannt aus der EP 0 580 683 Bl. Der Hybridbrenner weist ein Pilotbrennersystem auf, das konzentrisch von einem Vormischbrenner umgeben ist. Das Pilotbrennersystem weist eine zentrale Ölzuführung mit einem um diese herum angeordneten inneren Gaszufuhrkanal auf. Der Gaszufuhrkanal ist umgeben von einem konzentrisch angeordneten inneren Luftzufuhrkanal. Das Pilotbrennersystem ist wiederum umgeben von einem Zufuhrkanalsystem für verschiedene Brennstoffe, wobei dieses Zufuhrkanalsystem einen ersten Gaszufuhrkanal und einen zweiten Gaszufuhrkanal und einen Ölzufuhrkanal aufweist. Ein äußerer Luftzufuhrkanal umgibt das Zufuhrkanalsy- stem der Brennstoffe, wobei die Kanäle dieses Zufuhrkanalsystems jeweils in den äußeren Luftzufuhrkanal münden. Der äußere Luftzufuhrkanal und das Zufuhrkanalsystem der Brennstoffe bilden den Vormischbrenner des Hybridbrenners.A hybrid burner is known from EP 0 580 683 B1. The hybrid burner has a pilot burner system which is surrounded concentrically by a premix burner. The pilot burner system has a central oil supply with an inner gas supply channel arranged around it. The gas supply duct is surrounded by a concentrically arranged inner air supply duct. The pilot burner system is in turn surrounded by a feed channel system for various fuels, this feed channel system having a first gas feed channel and a second gas feed channel and an oil feed channel. An outer air supply duct surrounds the supply duct system of the fuels, the ducts of this supply duct system each opening into the outer air supply duct. The outer air supply duct and the supply duct system of the fuels form the premix burner of the hybrid burner.
Der Hybridbrenner ist in verschiedenen Betriebsarten betreibbar, wobei über den äußeren und den inneren Luftzufuhrkanal Luft und über einen oder mehrere der der BrennstoffZuführung dienende Kanäle Brennstoff einer Verbrennung zugeführt werden. Dabei ist eine erste Diffusionsbetriebsart bekannt, wo- bei der Verbrennung über den ersten Gaszufuhrkanal des Pilotbrenners Kohlegas, über den zweiten Gaszufuhrkanal des Vor- mischbrenners ebenfalls Kohlegas und über die beiden Luftzu- fuhrkanäle Luft zugeführt wird. Bei einer zweiten Diffusionsbetriebsart werden Brennstoff und Luft wie bei der ersten Diffusionsbetriebsart und darüber hinaus Wasserdampf über den ersten Gaszufuhrkanal zugeführt. Bei einer dritten Diffusi- onsbetriebsart werden Brennstoff und Luft wie bei der ersten Diffusionsbetriebsart und darüber hinaus Wasser über den Öl- zufuhrkanal zugeführt.The hybrid burner can be operated in various operating modes, air being fed to combustion via the outer and inner air supply ducts and fuel being fed via one or more of the ducts used for the fuel supply. A first diffusion mode of operation is known, whereby combustion takes place via the first gas supply channel of the pilot burner coal gas, via the second gas supply channel of the premix burner also coal gas and via the two air supply channels. air duct is supplied. In a second diffusion mode, fuel and air are supplied via the first gas supply channel as in the first diffusion mode and, moreover, water vapor. In a third diffusion mode, fuel and air are supplied via the oil supply channel, as in the first diffusion mode, and in addition, water.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridbrenners mit einer NOx-Reduktion anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a hybrid burner with a NO x reduction.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst, durch ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, bei dem Luft über den Luftzufuhrkanal und über den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal, Öl über den Brennstoffzufuhrkanal und Wasser über den Vormisch- brennstoffzufuhrkanal einer Verbrennung zugeführt werden.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method according to the preamble of claim 1, in which air is supplied to a combustion via the air supply duct and via the premix air supply duct, oil via the fuel supply duct and water via the premix fuel supply duct.
Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, daß beim Betrieb des Hybridbrenners in der zweiten oder dritten Diffusionsbe- triebsart nach der EP 0 580 683 Bl die Anfachung von sogenannten Brennkammerschwingungen begünstigt sein kann, wenn die pro Zeiteinheit zugeführte Menge an Wasserdampf einen Wasserdampfgrenzwert, bzw. die pro Zeiteinheit zugeführte Menge an Wasser einen Wassergrenzwert überschreitet. Unter Brennkammerschwingungen sind sich beim Betrieb des Hybridbrenners in der Brennkammer ausbildende, stehende Druckschwingungen zu verstehen. Die Brennkammerschwingungen können zu einer hohen mechanischen Belastung der die Brennkammer bildenden Teile der Gasturbine führen. Die Erfindung geht von der weiteren Erkenntnis aus, daß der Wassergrenzwert und der Wasserdampfgrenzwert davon abhängen, über welchen Kanal des Hybridbrenners das Wasser zugeführt wird.The invention is based on the knowledge that when the hybrid burner is operated in the second or third diffusion operating mode according to EP 0 580 683 B1, the ignition of so-called combustion chamber vibrations can be favored if the amount of water vapor supplied per unit of time has a water vapor limit value or the amount of water supplied per unit of time exceeds a water limit. Combustion chamber vibrations are understood to mean standing pressure vibrations which form in the combustion chamber during operation of the hybrid burner. The combustion chamber vibrations can lead to a high mechanical load on the parts of the gas turbine forming the combustion chamber. The invention is based on the further finding that the water limit value and the water vapor limit value depend on the channel through which the hybrid burner supplies the water.
Bei einem nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren betriebenen Hybridbrenner wird das Wasser flüssig und/oder dampfförmig über den Vormischbrennstoff anal zugeführt. Dadurch kann der Wassergrenzwert, bzw. der Wasserdampfgrenzwert sehr viel hö- her sein, als bei einem Hybridbrenner, der nach dem ersten oder zweiten Diffusionsbetrieb nach der EP 0 580 683 Bl betrieben wird. Das zugeführte Wasser dient der NOx-Reduktion während einer Verbrennung vom zugeführten Brennstoff und Luft. Je höher die pro Zeiteinheit zugeführte Menge an Wasser ist, um so höher ist die NOx-Reduktionsrate. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist im Vergleich zu einem Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik die pro Zeiteinheit zuführbare Wassermenge sehr viel höher und folglich ist auch die NOx- Emission verringert. Des weiteren kann bei gleicher NOx-Emis- sion die Leistung des Hybridbrenners höher sein, denn weil eine größere Wassermenge zuführbar ist, kann die pro Zeiteinheit verbrennbare Menge an Brennstoff und Luft entsprechend größer sein.In the case of a hybrid burner operated according to the method according to the invention, the water is supplied in liquid and / or vapor form via the premixed fuel. As a result, the water limit value or the water vapor limit value can be be here than with a hybrid burner that is operated after the first or second diffusion operation according to EP 0 580 683 B1. The water supplied is used to reduce NO x during combustion of the fuel and air supplied. The higher the amount of water supplied per unit of time, the higher the NO x reduction rate. In the method according to the invention, the amount of water that can be supplied per unit of time is much higher than in a method according to the prior art, and consequently the NO x emission is also reduced. Furthermore, the performance of the hybrid burner can be higher with the same NO x emission, because because a larger amount of water can be supplied, the amount of fuel and air combustible per unit of time can be correspondingly larger.
Die auf das Verfahren gerichtete Aufgabe wird alternativ gelöst, durch ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 2, bei dem Luft über den Luftzufuhrkanal und über den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal, Brenngas ausschließlich über den Brennstoffzufuhrkanal und Wasser über den Vormischbrennstoff- zufuhrkanal zugeführt wird.The object directed to the method is alternatively achieved by a method according to the preamble of patent claim 2, in which air is supplied via the air supply duct and via the premix air supply duct, fuel gas exclusively via the fuel supply duct and water via the premix fuel supply duct.
Auch bei diesem Verfahren ist die Zuführung einer größeren Menge an Wasser möglich, ohne daß es zu einer maßgeblichen Anregung von Brennkammerschwingungen kommt. Dadurch kann die NOx-Emission bei gleicher Leistung des Hybridbrenners vermindert werden. Ebenso kann bei gleicher NOx-Emission die Leistung des Hybridbrenners erhöht werden.With this method, too, a larger amount of water can be supplied without there being any significant excitation of combustion chamber vibrations. As a result, the NO x emission can be reduced with the same power of the hybrid burner. Likewise, the performance of the hybrid burner can be increased with the same NO x emission.
Vorzugsweise wird Wasser im flüssigen Zustand über einen Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal zugeführt, der zur Zuführung von Öl ausgelegt ist. Weiter bevorzugt wird Wasserdampf über ein Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal zugeführt, der zur Zuführung von Brenngas ausgelegt ist. Dadurch ist das Verfahren auf vorhandene und bereits im Betrieb einer Gasturbine eingesetzte Hybridbrenner oder äquivalente Brenneranordnungen anwendbar. Unter äquivalenten Brenneranordnungen werden beispiels- weise solche Brenneranordnungen verstanden, die räumlich voneinander getrennt einen Vormischbrenner und einen Pilotbrenner aufweisen, wobei sich deren Flammen im Betrieb gegenseitig beeinflussen.Water in the liquid state is preferably supplied via a premix fuel supply channel which is designed to supply oil. Water vapor is further preferably supplied via a premix fuel supply channel which is designed for supplying fuel gas. As a result, the method can be applied to existing hybrid burners or equivalent burner arrangements that are already used in the operation of a gas turbine. Equivalent burner arrangements include understood such burner arrangements which have a premix burner and a pilot burner spatially separated from one another, the flames of which mutually influence one another during operation.
Die Verfahren sind anhand des in der einzigen Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The methods are explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiment shown in the single figure.
Die Figur zeigt einen schematisch und nicht maßstäblich dar- gestellten Hybridbrenner.The figure shows a hybrid burner, which is shown schematically and not to scale.
In der Figur ist ein Hybridbrenner 20 für eine nicht näher dargestellte Brennkammer einer Gasturbine dargestellt. Der Hybridbrenner weist einen Pilotbrenner 21 und einen Vormisch- brenner 22 auf. Der Pilotbrenner 21 umfaßt einen Brennstoffzufuhrkanal 1 für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff, einen Gasbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 2 für gasförmigen Brennstoff und einen Luftzufuhrkanal 3. Der Vormischbrenner 22 umfaßt einen ersten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 8 und einen zweiten Vor- mischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 16, die jeweils zur Zuführung von Brenngas ausgeführt sind, einen Vormischluftzufuhrkanal 4 und einen dritten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 12, der zur Zuführung von flüssigem Brennstoff ausgeführt ist. Der Gasbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 2, der Luftzufuhrkanal 3, der erste Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 8, der zweite Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 16, der Vormischluftzufuhrkanal 4 und der dritte Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 12 sind jeweils als Ringkanal ausgebildet.In the figure, a hybrid burner 20 is shown for a combustion chamber of a gas turbine, not shown. The hybrid burner has a pilot burner 21 and a premix burner 22. The pilot burner 21 comprises a fuel feed channel 1 for liquid or gaseous fuel, a gas fuel feed channel 2 for gaseous fuel and an air feed channel 3. The premix burner 22 comprises a first premix fuel feed channel 8 and a second premix fuel feed channel 16, which are each designed to supply fuel gas Premixed air supply duct 4 and a third premixed fuel supply duct 12, which is designed to supply liquid fuel. The gas fuel supply channel 2, the air supply channel 3, the first premix fuel supply channel 8, the second premix fuel supply channel 16, the premix air supply channel 4 and the third premix fuel supply channel 12 are each designed as an annular channel.
Entlang einer Hauptachse 30 ist der Brennstoffzufuhrkanal 1 zentral angeordnet. Dieser ist umgeben von dem Gasbrennstoff- zufuhrkanal 2, der wiederum von dem Luftzufuhrkanal 3 umgeben ist. Der Luftzufuhrkanal 3 weist eine Mündung 31 auf, die die Mündung des Pilotbrenners bildet.The fuel supply channel 1 is arranged centrally along a main axis 30. This is surrounded by the gas fuel supply channel 2, which in turn is surrounded by the air supply channel 3. The air supply duct 3 has an opening 31 which forms the opening of the pilot burner.
Der Luftzufuhrkanal 3 ist vor seiner Mündung 31 umgeben von dem dritten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 12. Der Luftzufuhr- kanal 3 ist weiterhin umgeben von dem ersten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 8, der wiederum umgeben ist von dem zweiten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 16. Der Pilotbrenner 21 und die Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanäle 8, 12 und 16 sind umgeben von dem äußeren Luftzufuhrkanal 4. Der dritte Vormischbrennstoff- zufuhrkanal 12 mündet in den äußeren Luftzufuhrkanal 4. Der erste Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 8 und der zweite Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 16 münden in Richtung zur Mündung 31 betrachtet vor dem dritten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 12 in den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal 4.The air supply duct 3 is surrounded in front of its mouth 31 by the third premix fuel supply duct 12. The air supply Channel 3 is also surrounded by the first premixed fuel supply channel 8, which in turn is surrounded by the second premixed fuel supply channel 16. The pilot burner 21 and the premixed fuel supply channels 8, 12 and 16 are surrounded by the outer air supply channel 4. The third premixed fuel supply channel 12 opens into the outer one Air supply duct 4. The first premix fuel supply duct 8 and the second premix fuel supply duct 16 open towards the mouth 31, viewed in front of the third premix fuel supply duct 12, into the premix air supply duct 4.
Der Hybridbrenner 20 weist eine Mündung 23 auf, mit der er in eine nicht näher dargestellte Brennkammer 24 einer Gasturbine mündet .The hybrid burner 20 has an opening 23 with which it opens into a combustion chamber 24 of a gas turbine (not shown in more detail).
Bei einem Diffusionsbetrieb des Hybridbrenners wird Luft jeweils über den Luftzufuhrkanal 3 und über den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal 4, Öl über den Brennstoffzufuhrkanal 1 und Wasser über den dritten Vormischzufuhrkanal 12 in die Brennkammer 24 zugeführt, wo das Öl und die Luft unter Anwesenheit des Wassers verbrannt werden. Bei einem weiteren Diffusionsbetrieb wird anstatt oder gleichzeitig mit einer Zuführung von Wasser über den dritten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 12 Wasserdampf über den zweiten Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 8 zugeführt.In a diffusion operation of the hybrid burner, air is supplied to the combustion chamber 24 via the air supply duct 3 and via the premix air supply duct 4, oil via the fuel supply duct 1 and water via the third premix supply duct 12, where the oil and the air are combusted in the presence of the water. In another diffusion operation, water vapor is supplied via the second premixed fuel supply channel 8 instead of or simultaneously with a supply of water via the third premixed fuel supply channel 12.
Der Hybridbrenner 20 ist zusätzlich in einem sogenannten Gasdiffusionsbetrieb betreibbar, wobei gasförmiger Brennstoff ausschließlich über den Brennstoffzufuhrkanal 1 oder den Gasbrennstoffzufuhrkanal 2, Luft über den Luftzufuhrkanal 3 oder den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal 4 und Wasser über den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal 8, 12 und/oder 16 erfolgt.The hybrid burner 20 can additionally be operated in a so-called gas diffusion mode, gaseous fuel being produced exclusively via the fuel supply duct 1 or the gas fuel supply duct 2, air via the air supply duct 3 or the premixed air supply duct 4 and water via the premixed air supply duct 8, 12 and / or 16.
Beim Gasdif usionsbetrieb erfolgt dabei die Zuführung von Wasserdampf über den zweiten Vormischzufuhrkanal 8 und/oder die Zuführung von Wasser über den dritten Vormischzufuhrkanal 12. All diesen Betriebsverfahren ist gemeinsam, daß eine Verbrennung von Brennstoff und Luft unter Anwesenheit einer großen Menge an Wasser durchgeführt werden kann, ohne daß es zu einer Anfachung von VerbrennungsSchwingungen kommt. Somit ist die Menge der bei der Verbrennung gebildeten Stickoxide erheblich verringerbar. Die Betriebsverfahren sind einfach bei bestehenden Hybridbrennern anwendbar. In gas diffusion operation, water vapor is supplied via the second premix feed channel 8 and / or water is fed via the third premix feed channel 12. All of these operating methods have in common that combustion of fuel and air can be carried out in the presence of a large amount of water without causing combustion vibrations to build up. The amount of nitrogen oxides formed during combustion can thus be reduced considerably. The operating procedures are easy to apply to existing hybrid burners.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridbrenners (20), der einen Vormischbrenner (22) und einen Pilotbrenner (21) aufweist, wobei der Vormischbrenner (22) einen Vormischluftzufuhrkanal (4) und einen Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal (12) aufweist, welcher in den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal (4) mündet, und wobei der Pilotbrenner (21) einen Luftzufuhrkanal (3) und einen Brennstoffzufuhrkanal (1,2) für flüssigen und/oder gasförmi- gen Brennstoff aufweist, d a d u r c h g e k e n nz e i c h n e t , daß Luft über den Luftzufuhrkanal (3) und über den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal (4), Öl über den Brennstoff- zufuhrkanal (1) und Wasser über den Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal (12) zugeführt werden.1. A method for operating a hybrid burner (20) which has a premix burner (22) and a pilot burner (21), the premix burner (22) having a premix air supply duct (4) and a premix fuel supply duct (12) which leads into the premix air supply duct (4 ) opens, and the pilot burner (21) has an air supply duct (3) and a fuel supply duct (1, 2) for liquid and / or gaseous fuel, characterized in that air passes through the air supply duct (3) and the premixed air supply duct (4), oil via the fuel feed channel (1) and water through the premix fuel feed channel (12).
2. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hybridbrenners (20), der einen Vormischbrenner (22) und einen Pilotbrenner (21) aufweist, wobei der Vormischbrenner (22) einen Vormischluftzufuhrkanal2. Method for operating a hybrid burner (20) which has a premix burner (22) and a pilot burner (21), the premix burner (22) having a premix air supply duct
(4) und einen Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal (8,16) aufweist, der in den Vormischluftkanal (4) mündet und wobei der Pilotbrenner (21) einen Luftzufuhrkanal (3) und einen Brennstoffzufuhrkanal (1,2) für flüssigen .und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoff aufweist, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c hn e t , daß Luft über den Luftzufuhrkanal (3) und über den Vormischluftzufuhrkanal (4), Brenngas ausschließlich über den Brennstoffzufuhrkanal (1,2) und Wasser über den Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal (8,12,16) zugeführt werden.(4) and a premixed fuel supply channel (8, 16) which opens into the premixed air channel (4) and wherein the pilot burner (21) has an air supply channel (3) and a fuel supply channel (1, 2) for liquid and / or gaseous fuel , dadurchgekennzeic hn et that air is supplied via the air supply duct (3) and via the premix air supply duct (4), fuel gas exclusively via the fuel supply duct (1,2) and water via the premix fuel supply duct (8,12,16).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal (12) zur Zuführung von Öl ausgelegt ist und über diesen das Wasser in flüssigem Zustand zugeführt wird. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-mixed fuel supply channel (12) is designed for supplying oil and via this the water is supplied in the liquid state.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Vormischbrennstoffzufuhrkanal (8,16) zur Zuführung von Brenngas ausgelegt ist und über diesen das Wasser in Form von Wasser- dampf zugeführt wird. 4. The method of claim 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pre-mixed fuel supply channel (8,16) is designed for supplying fuel gas and the water is supplied in the form of water vapor via this.
PCT/DE1999/002495 1998-08-20 1999-08-10 Operating method for a hybrid burner WO2000011404A1 (en)

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DE59910909T DE59910909D1 (en) 1998-08-20 1999-08-10 METHOD FOR OPERATING A HYBRID BURNER
EP99952350A EP1105678B1 (en) 1998-08-20 1999-08-10 Operating method for a hybrid burner
JP2000566618A JP2002523717A (en) 1998-08-20 1999-08-10 Operating method of hybrid burner
US09/789,343 US20010018173A1 (en) 1998-08-20 2001-02-20 Method of operating a hybrid burner

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EP1659339A1 (en) * 2004-11-18 2006-05-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of starting up a burner
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JP2003207130A (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-25 Nuovo Pignone Holding Spa Main liquid fuel injection device for single combustion chamber with premixture chamber of gas turbine having low emission of pollutants
WO2011163289A3 (en) * 2010-06-23 2012-11-22 Siemens Energy, Inc. Secondary water injection for diffusion combustion systems

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EP1105678A1 (en) 2001-06-13
US20010018173A1 (en) 2001-08-30

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