WO2000007195A1 - Method for encapsulation and stabilization of hazardous and radioactive mixed wastes using polysiloxane - Google Patents
Method for encapsulation and stabilization of hazardous and radioactive mixed wastes using polysiloxane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000007195A1 WO2000007195A1 PCT/US1999/016904 US9916904W WO0007195A1 WO 2000007195 A1 WO2000007195 A1 WO 2000007195A1 US 9916904 W US9916904 W US 9916904W WO 0007195 A1 WO0007195 A1 WO 0007195A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- solid waste
- polysiloxane
- weight
- slurry
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 title description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Si+4] ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-FTXFMUIASA-N 239Pu Chemical compound [239Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-FTXFMUIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004482 WACKER® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-VENIDDJXSA-N plutonium-238 Chemical compound [238Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-VENIDDJXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/307—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in polymeric matrix, e.g. resins, tars
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/21—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using organic binders or matrix
Definitions
- This invention pertains to a method for encapsulation and stabilization of mixed wastes containing hazardous and/or radioactive components. More particularly, the invention pertains to a method for encapsulation and stabilization of mixed wastes within a polysiloxane matrix.
- the present best technology for stabilizing this waste results in a large volume increase or production of secondary waste streams.
- One method of waste containment provides a 20% waste loading using Portland cement.
- Another option for treatment of the waste salts is thermal treatment. These thermal techniques involve expensive and questionable off-gas systems which are especially difficult for transuranic materials.
- RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
- TCLP passing toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
- the present invention is directed to a method of stabilizing dry granular salts that may be generated by solidifying neutralized acidic solutions used to recover and reformulate weapons material.
- the waste material may include soluble chromium compounds, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, traces of plutonium 238 and 239, traces of uranium 238, as well as other harmful contaminants. Disclosure of the Invention
- One object of the present invention is to provide a method to encapsulate and stabilize the waste material and form a cohesive material suitable for disposal.
- the invention provides a method to stabilize a mixture of dry granulated salts by grinding the solid waste, combining the ground solid waste with polysiloxane to create a slurry, adding a catalyst to the slurry, molding the slurry - catalyst mixture, and curing the molded mixture.
- a solid waste encapsulating system comprises, before cure, from 10% to 60% by weight of a dry solid waste, from 40% to 90% by weight of a polysiloxane, and a catalyst in an amount effective to cure the polysiloxane.
- the solid waste comprises a granular salt mixture of soluble chromium compounds, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and/or sodium chloride.
- the dry waste may have a high nitrate content. According to another aspect of the invention, dry waste may have a high chloride content.
- the polysiloxane system cures under ambient conditions.
- a waste form comprising a solid waste encapsulated in a cured polysiloxane system.
- the waste form is produced by grinding the solid waste to a predetermined particle size, combining the ground solid waste with a polysiloxane to obtain a slurry, mixing the slurry for a predetermined time, adding a catalyst to the slurry, mixing the slurry-catalyst mixture for a predetermined time, molding the slurry -catalyst mixture, and curing the molded mixture.
- One advantage of the present invention is the ability to stabilize DOE salt wastes in a form suitable for shallow land burial.
- the waste form has a low leaching index and passes current Department of Transportation (DOT) oxidizer standards.
- DOT Department of Transportation
- Another advantage of the present invention is the ease with which the invention can be practiced due to the workability and availability of the necessary materials.
- Another advantage of the present invention is the use of polysiloxane systems which have been shown to resist severe environments, including radiation.
- Yet another advantage of the present invention is that the method may be carried out under ambient conditions.
- a method for encapsulating and stabilizing waste material in a polysiloxane matrix is provided.
- three surrogate waste materials are presented.
- Surrogate Waste #1 (SW#1) is intended to mimic the nitrate salt form found at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Subsurface Disposal Area referred to as "Pad-A” .
- Two additional surrogate wastes are intended to mimic Mixed Waste Focus Area (MWFA) wastes including a high chloride surrogate waste (SW#2) and a high nitrate surrogate waste (SW#3) with RCRA metals as the contaminants.
- MWFA Mixed Waste Focus Area
- SW#2 high chloride surrogate waste
- SW#3 high nitrate surrogate waste
- the composition of the surrogate wastes are presented below in Tables 1 and 2.
- the wastes are in a dry granular form.
- the dry waste is mixed with a polysiloxane encapsulating agent.
- the polysiloxane system is molded and cured.
- the polysiloxane system is room temperature curable.
- the cured system is durable and has a low leaching index.
- Polysiloxane systems have a variety of unique properties that make them attractive as potential waste encapsulation systems. They are extremely chemically resistant to normal solvents, acids and bases in the appropriate formulations. Polysiloxane systems are environmentally friendly. The systems generally operate at ambient or slightly elevated temperatures and as such have no associated off-gas treatment processes. The system viscosity can be modified from a very free-flowing liquid to an extremely viscous material depending on the application. Set times can also be controlled from a few seconds up to several days, depending on the catalyst used and the temperature of the materials undergoing curing.
- the actual curing process is very tolerant of a number of different chemicals in the system.
- polysiloxane systems generally do not undergo disruption with a large variety of different contaminants present.
- all surrogate wastes used in testing were technical-grade rather than reagent-grade materials to more closely approximate the trace contaminants that would be expected in any typical waste form.
- the viscosity of the polysiloxane systems are low enough to allow ease of mixing, and high enough to hold the contaminants in uniform distribution during cure.
- nitrate salt waste SW#1
- the preferred polymer base materials include room temperature curable polysiloxanes such as RTV664 (marketed by General Electric) and ELECTROGUARDTM 2100 (marketed by Wacker Silicones Corp.). Product data for the preferred polysiloxanes is available from the manufacturers' Technical Data Sheets which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the weight of the catalyst is based on the weight of the polysiloxane and is preferably 10 wt% for the GE RTV-664 and 0.3 wt% for Wacker-2100.
- the waste forms were prepared according to the procedure given above and allowed to cure for a minimum of 24 hours prior to testing. Other samples having varied waste loadings were also prepared and tested.
- Leachability is the ability of a waste form to retard the release of hazardous constituents to the environment.
- Samples of waste forms produced by the inventive methods using the GE RTV664 polysiloxane system were subjected to TCLP testing in accordance with USEPA SW-846.
- Table 5 shows the results of SW#1 at both 30% and 50% waste loadings.
- Table 6 shows the results of SW#2 and SW#3 at both 30% and 50% waste loadings.
- Table 7 below provides leaching data as a function of waste load using total chromium as the measured species.
- the samples were prepared using the GE RTV664 polysiloxane system. The testing conformed to ASTM C-1308.
- the waste form's mechanical integrity and ability to withstand loading pressures in a disposal environment is directly related to compressive strength.
- Compressive strength is also used as a gauge of the resistance of samples that have undergone durability tests. Compressive strength testing showed that much greater than 60 psi compressive strength could be achieved for waste loadings as high as 50% . It is expected that the waste forms produced by the methods of the present invention can also withstand significant shear such as that generated during an earthquake or differential settling during a shallow land burial application.
- the polysiloxane systems achieve greater than the 20% waste loadings or do not generate the secondary waste streams of prior art waste disposal systems.
- waste loadings of from 30% to 90% were tested.
- Cohesive monolith waste forms were achieved with up to 50% waste loadings while maintaining at least 60 psi of compressive strength.
- Table 3 provides data on various samples of waste forms prepared according to the present invention. Samples 1 and 2 utilized the Wacker2100 polysiloxane system. Samples 3 and 4 utilized the GE RTV664 polysiloxane system.
- Example 4 Incorporation of Fillers It is possible to improve the leachability levels of the encapsulated wastes by incorporating fillers into the waste form.
- scavengers such as iron oxides, phosphates, or other anti-leaching agents may be utilized.
- Table 9 provides simulated TCLP results for iron oxide addition to GE RTV664 samples at pH 3 and pH7. The sample weight is 10 grams, waste load is 37 wt% , and iron oxide addition is based on total weight of the sample.
- fillers may be added to the polysiloxane matrix in order to provide economic benefits.
- Such fillers include calcium carbonate, fumed silica, silicon dioxide, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate and others known to those skilled in the art.
- Filler materials should ideally be chosen so as to not adversely effect the physical characteristics of the final waste form produced according to the invention. The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment. Obviously, modifications and alterations will occur to others upon a reading and understanding of this specification. It is intended to include all such modifications and alternations in so far as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalence thereof.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020007003391A KR20010030797A (en) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-07-27 | Method for encapsulation and stabilization of hazardous and radioactive mixed wastes using polysiloxane |
AU57706/99A AU5770699A (en) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-07-27 | Method for encapsulation and stabilization of hazardous and radioactive mixed wastes using polysiloxane |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12444898A | 1998-07-29 | 1998-07-29 | |
US09/124,448 | 1998-07-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000007195A1 true WO2000007195A1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
Family
ID=22414937
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/016904 WO2000007195A1 (en) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-07-27 | Method for encapsulation and stabilization of hazardous and radioactive mixed wastes using polysiloxane |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR20010030797A (en) |
AU (1) | AU5770699A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000007195A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ298995B6 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2008-03-26 | Ústav jaderného výzkumu Rež, a.s. | Solidification method of radioactive and harmful waste |
LU91605B1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-08 | Terra Nobilis S A | Method for securing the storage of long-lived radioactive waste. |
CN108822555A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-16 | 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 | A kind of polymerizable organosilicon curing agent and its application and application method |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1058947A1 (en) * | 1982-04-09 | 1983-12-07 | Калушский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского И Проектного Института Галургии | Composition for impregnating concrete |
JPS6088399A (en) * | 1983-10-20 | 1985-05-18 | 日本原子力事業株式会社 | Method of solidifying radioactive waste |
JPS61117497A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-04 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method of solidifying radioactive waste |
JPS61117498A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-04 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method of solidifying radioactive waste |
EP0538205A1 (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-04-21 | ECOTEC GESTIONE SERVIZI S.r.l. | Process for making inert industrial waste with a high content of heavy metals, for example lead |
JPH05105761A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-27 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Silicon-based hybrid material |
DE19711519A1 (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1997-12-11 | Obschestvennoe Ob Euro Asian P | Foamable organosiloxane composition |
-
1999
- 1999-07-27 AU AU57706/99A patent/AU5770699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-27 WO PCT/US1999/016904 patent/WO2000007195A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-27 KR KR1020007003391A patent/KR20010030797A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1058947A1 (en) * | 1982-04-09 | 1983-12-07 | Калушский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского И Проектного Института Галургии | Composition for impregnating concrete |
JPS6088399A (en) * | 1983-10-20 | 1985-05-18 | 日本原子力事業株式会社 | Method of solidifying radioactive waste |
JPS61117497A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-04 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method of solidifying radioactive waste |
JPS61117498A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-06-04 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method of solidifying radioactive waste |
JPH05105761A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-27 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Silicon-based hybrid material |
EP0538205A1 (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-04-21 | ECOTEC GESTIONE SERVIZI S.r.l. | Process for making inert industrial waste with a high content of heavy metals, for example lead |
DE19711519A1 (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1997-12-11 | Obschestvennoe Ob Euro Asian P | Foamable organosiloxane composition |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198432, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A26, AN 1984-199905, XP002125633 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198526, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A97, AN 1985-156501, XP002125631 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198629, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A81, AN 1986-185539, XP002125634 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198629, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A81, AN 1986-185540, XP002125632 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199322, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A26, AN 1993-177808, XP002125635 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ298995B6 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2008-03-26 | Ústav jaderného výzkumu Rež, a.s. | Solidification method of radioactive and harmful waste |
LU91605B1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-08 | Terra Nobilis S A | Method for securing the storage of long-lived radioactive waste. |
WO2011026976A1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Terra Nobilis S.A. | Method for securing the storage of long-lived radioactive waste |
CN108822555A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-16 | 河南省科学院化学研究所有限公司 | A kind of polymerizable organosilicon curing agent and its application and application method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20010030797A (en) | 2001-04-16 |
AU5770699A (en) | 2000-02-21 |
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