WO1999065533A1 - Catalytic dental water apparatus - Google Patents
Catalytic dental water apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999065533A1 WO1999065533A1 PCT/US1999/013591 US9913591W WO9965533A1 WO 1999065533 A1 WO1999065533 A1 WO 1999065533A1 US 9913591 W US9913591 W US 9913591W WO 9965533 A1 WO9965533 A1 WO 9965533A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- silver
- dental
- implements
- oxygen
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title description 10
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 43
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 9
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 Silver ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000012641 Pigmentation disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoform Chemical compound IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000647 material safety data sheet Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000002109 Argyria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001554566 Argyria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010003504 Aspiration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000606125 Bacteroides Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002064 Dental Plaque Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000588722 Escherichia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010015946 Eye irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000589565 Flavobacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588748 Klebsiella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589248 Legionella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589242 Legionella pneumophila Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007764 Legionnaires' Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000018697 Membrane Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010052285 Membrane Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000588621 Moraxella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000187654 Nocardia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- SCKXCAADGDQQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Performic acid Chemical compound OOC=O SCKXCAADGDQQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010036086 Polymenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607720 Serratia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000295644 Staphylococcaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KFCUPNHUPHDVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine azide Chemical compound BrN=[N+]=[N-] KFCUPNHUPHDVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002384 drinking water standard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000013 eye irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003897 fog Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- MLQXPZVSXKNGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyethane;oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.CCOO MLQXPZVSXKNGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940115932 legionella pneumophila Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YORCIIVHUBAYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propargyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC#C YORCIIVHUBAYBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DAFQZPUISLXFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraoxathiolane 5,5-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OOOO1 DAFQZPUISLXFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/20—Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours
- A61L2/202—Ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
Definitions
- the present invention relates to purification of dental water lines, to destroying biofilm that may be present and to preventing biofilm buildup and. more particularly, to having oxygen or ozone enriched water react with a silver catalyst and oxidize organic matter, such as microorganisms and biofilm, that may be present in the water, on surfaces of the dental water lines and on the surfaces of any downstream handpieces, implements or nozzles, to provide uncontaminated water at the point of use.
- Tap water in dental offices is similar to tap water in most homes and offices. While this water is generally considered safe to drink, it is never sterile. Most tap water samples contain fewer than 50 cfu (colony forming units) of bacteria per milliliter (cfu/ml). However, once the water leaves plumbing lines and enters the long plastic tubing that feeds into dental high-speed handpieces and other dental implements, such as air-water syringes and ultrasonic tooth sealers, the environment changes. Here, the low flow rate, frequent periods of stagnation and large relative surface area of the small bore plastic lines are ideal for microbial contamination.
- Biofilm This bacterial population is known as biofilm, a microbial mass that is bathed in liquids.
- Dental plaque is another example of biofilm.
- Biofilm can also be found in air conditioning units, artificial implants and many types of equipment, including dental anti- siphon and check valves.
- the function of the anti-siphon and check valves is to prevent aspiration of patients' fluids into the dental water lines. Unfortunately, these valves often fail to work properly because of biofilm and other factors.
- Microbes can become drawn back into the dental water lines as a result of imperfect hygiene or sterilization practices, a transient negative pressure when the drill stops rotating and/or mechanical failure of anti-siphon valves or other mechanisms. Once this happens, pathogens originating from patients' mouths can enter the lines and adhere to existing biofilm and multiply within them.
- microbes originating both upstream from municipal water supplies and downstream from patients' blood and saliva, are not very numerous initially. Amplification of the microorganisms is nothing less than astonishing. Microbial studies of dental water lines reveal bacterial population explosions averaging over 500,000 cfu/ml and often exceeding 1,000,000 cfu/ml.
- pathogens and opportunists in dental equipment such as Pseudomonas, Legionella, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Nocardia, Serratia, Klebsiella. Moraxella, Bacteroides, Flavobacterium, Escherichia, several species of amoebae known to serve as hosts for Legionella pneumophila and even nematodes (worms ) .
- oxygen whether from ambient air or a source of oxygen, or ozone from an ozone generator, is introduced to a water source through a sparger or the like to entrain the oxygen or ozone in the water.
- the water is subsequently conveyed past a silver catalyst cartridge through water lines to each of the various handpieces or water flow dependent implements used by a dentist during the normal course of providing dental services.
- the oxygen entrained in the water is attracted to the silver in the cartridge and will dissociate from its normal diatomic state to bond with the silver. However, this bond is weak enough that the oxygen will dissociate to oxidize organic matter, including microorganisms in the water. A small amount of the silver will dissolve in the water stream flowing therepast and flow downstream.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide apparatus for destroying any biofilms formed on the walls of water lines, handpieces and nozzles in a dental operatory.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a silver catalyst to enhance oxidization of microorganisms and biofilm attendant dental handpieces and other dental implements.
- a yet further object of the present invention is to provide inexpensive apparatus for ensuring that water delivered to a dental patient is free of living microbes.
- a still further object of the present invention is to provide a method for inexpensively and effectively destroying any biofilm and preventing biofilm buildup attendant dental water lines, dental handpieces and related implements.
- Figure 1 illustrates apparatus for ozonating water delivered to a dental chair
- Figure 2 illustrates details of the ozonating apparatus shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 illustrates apparatus for ozonating water within and delivered from a water container to a dental chair
- Figure 4 illustrates apparatus contained within a water container for delivering ozonated water from the container to a dental chair
- FIG. 5 illustrates the apparatus shown in Figure 1 with the addition of a silver catalyst cartridge
- Figure 6 illustrates the apparatus shown in Figure 3 with the addition of a silver catalyst cartridge
- Figure 7 illustrates the apparatus shown in Figure 4 with the addition of a silver catalyst cartridge
- Figure 8 illustrates apparatus for entraining air or oxygen in water and passing the mixture through a silver catalyst cartridge
- Figure 9 illustrates a silver catalyst cartridge
- FIGS 10a. 10b, and 10c illustrate components of the cartridge shown in Figure 9;
- FIG. 11 illustrates test results obtained with the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
- Ozone entrained in water will destroy microbial life forms in the water itself as well as in any biofilm on the containers for the water or upon the walls of channels or lines through which the ozonated water flows because ozone is a viricide, bactericide, and algicide.
- apparatus 10 for ozonating water entering a dental office to provide ozonated water to each dental chair.
- the ozonated water will destroy any microbes or pathogens within the water and reduce or terminate the motility and viability of microbial activity in any biofilm that may be present on the walls of the water lines and attendant dental implements.
- the ozonated water will terminate the motility and viability of any microbes or pathogens aspirated from a patient and entering any water channels in the dental implements and the water lines extending from the dental implements.
- apparatus 10 includes a container 12 for receiving water from a water line 14.
- An ozone generator 16 is disposed within container 12 and includes a lamp or tube 18 for emitting ultraviolet light within a watertight steel cylinder 17.
- a compressor 20 provides a source of air under pressure through pipe 22 into ozone generator 16.
- Outlet 24 of pipe 22 may be at the upper end of the ozone generator, as illustrated.
- a pipe 26 extends from within the ozone generator and includes an inlet 28 located at the lower end of ozone generator 16. Thereby, air flowing into the generator through outlet 24 is forced to pass around and along tube 18 to inlet 28 to increase the exposure of the air to the ultraviolet radiation from the tube.
- ozone enriched air flows into pipe 26 through inlet 28.
- a check valve 30 in pipe 26 prevents reverse flow therethrough.
- Pipe 26 is terminated by a sparger 32.
- the sparger emits the ozone enriched air in the form of tiny bubbles which become readily entrained and/or dissolved in the water in and flowing through container 12.
- An electronics assembly 34 connected to a suitable power source, provides the requisite electrical power through conductor 36 to tube 18 to bring about energization of the tube and emission of ultraviolet radiation.
- any such gaseous compound is evacuated through an outlet 40 leading to a gas separator 42 through a pipe 44. Outflow from the gas separator is through a pipe 46 to an ozone destructor 48. The remaining air is discharged through a pipe 50 to a drain or the like to accommodate drainage of any moisture that may accumulate downstream of container 12.
- oxygen may be injected into ozone generator 16 to provide a higher concentration of ozone in the gas discharged from sparger 32.
- a source of oxygen and an injector for propelling oxygen into the ozone generator is represented by numeral 52 identifying an oxygen injector.
- the oxygen is injected through pipe 54 into the ozone generator. It is to be understood that injection of air or oxygen is primarily in the alternative although oxygen enriched air could also be injected.
- the ozonated water produced within container 12 is discharged through outlet 60 into conduit 62.
- the conduit serves as a water line to provide ozonated water at each of chairs 64,66, etc. in a dental office.
- branch lines 68,69 may extend from conduit 62 to a manifold or the like attendant each dental chair and in fluid communication with dental implements and other devices that normally discharge the water received.
- Waste water generated at chair 64 is conveyed to a drain 70 through drain line 72.
- drain line 74 Such drain lines would be present for each chair.
- a flow restrictor 80 may be employed. Such flow restrictor accommodates a low flow rate of ozonated water continuously through conduit 62 into discharge pipe 82 and drain 70.
- a return line 90 is in fluid communication with conduit 62 downstream of the last branch leading to a dental chair. Ozonated water from conduit 62 is drawn into the return line by a pump 92.
- the pump conveys the ozonated water through return line 94 into water line 14 upstream of inlet 15 in container 12.
- the ozonated water flowing through the return line which water may have a lowered concentration of entrained ozone, is reintroduced to the ozone generator.
- Such reintroduction rather than simply having the ozonated water recirculate through conduit 62 and the return line, ensures that water having at least a minimal level of entrained ozone is always present at each of the branch lines (such as branch lines 68,69).
- An ozone generator 102 includes a lamp or tube
- ozone generator 102 will be irradiated to cause a molecular change of the oxygen into ozone.
- An inflow of air is provided from outlet 112 of pipe 114 connected to an air source 116 under pressure.
- a regulator 118 may be disposed in pipe 114 to regulate the pressure of the air flowing into the ozone generator.
- oxygen injector 120 oxygen may be discharged through outlet 112 into cylinder 105 or a mixture of air and oxygen may be discharged into the cylinder.
- the ozone enriched air within cylinder 105 flows out through inlet 122 of pipe 124.
- outlet 112 and inlet 122 are at opposite ends of tube 104 to maximize exposure of the air to the ultraviolet radiation emitted from tube 104 and thereby enhance the ozone enriched air.
- Bottle 130 containing distilled or otherwise purified water 132 includes a stopper 134 for sealing the bottle against contact between the ambient air and water 132.
- Pipe 124 extends through stopper 134, as illustrated, and is terminated by a sparger 136 located in proximity to the bottom of bottle 130.
- the purpose of the sparger is that of discharging the ozone enriched air into the water in the form of tiny bubbles to enhance entrainment within the water.
- a discharge conduit 138 includes an inlet 140 proximate the bottom of bottle 130.
- the ozone enriched water (ozonated water) within bottle 130 is 5 conveyed via discharge conduit 138 through stopper 134 to the various dental handpieces or other water related dental implements.
- these handpieces and implements are supplied with ozonated water which will have the effect of destroying the motility and killing any bacteria, microbes or microorganisms present in either the water or in any biofilm on the wall of the discharge conduit or the walls of channels in the handpieces or o dental implements.
- a certain amount of ozone enriched air will separate from water 132 and collect at5 the top of bottle 130.
- This ozone is discharged through discharge line 145 extending through stopper 134 from within the bottle.
- the impetus for such discharge results from the pressure within the bottle generated by the inflowing ozone enriched air through sparger 136.
- the rate of ozone discharge through line 145 is controlled by flow restrictor 146.
- an ozone destructor 147 eliminates 0 the ozone molecules such that the resulting venting through outlet 148 is a gas essentially ozone free.
- ozone generator 152 is disposed within bottle 154.
- the ozone generator may be suspended from or otherwise attached to5 a cap 156 in threaded engagement with neck 158 of bottle 154.
- a lamp or tube 160 for emitting ultraviolet radiation is disposed within a closed steel cylinder 162 of ozone generator 152. It is electrically connected to an electronics assembly via a conductor 161. Air, oxygen, or a mixture of air and oxygen is pumped into the ozone generator through a pipe 163 having an outlet 164 proximate one end of tube 160.
- the ozone enriched air produced by radiation from tube 160 is discharged into inlet 166 of pipe 168.
- the pipe which may extend through a wall of cylinder 162, as illustrated, discharges the ozone enriched air through a sparger 170 located in proximity to the bottom of bottle 154 to enhance entrainment of the ozone enriched air in water 172 as the minute bubbles from the sparger migrate upwardly.
- the ozone enriched water or ozonated water is discharged from within bottle 154 through inlet 174 of conduit 176.
- conduit 176 conveys the ozonated water to the dental handpieces and other dental implements using water as part of their function.
- the air flow from outlet 164 to inlet 166 within cylinder 162 is essentially along the full length of tube 160 to enhance exposure of the air to ultraviolet radiation and thereby promote transformation of the oxygen molecules into ozone molecules.
- FIG. 5 there is shown an apparatus 200 similar to a great extent with apparatus 10 shown in Figure 1.
- apparatus 200 Similar to a great extent with apparatus 10 shown in Figure 1.
- ozone generator 16 By operation of ozone generator 16, a combination of air and ozone is introduced into water 202 within container 12 by sparger
- the water outflowing from container 12 through conduit 62 will have a mixture of entrained and/or dissolved oxygen and ozone.
- this mixture Prior to flow of this mixture into branch lines 68,69, etc. it is passed through a silver catalyst cartridge 204.
- the oxygen entrained/dissolved in the water makes contact with the silver and will dissociate from its normal diatomic state to bond with the silver.
- this bond is weak enough that the oxygen will dissociate to oxidize organic matter (such as microorganisms) in contact therewith.
- organic matter such as microorganisms
- a small amount of silver dissolves into the water flowing therepast and conveyed downstream through branch lines 68,69, etc. to the various handpieces and dental implements attendant each of chairs 64,66, etc. A portion of the silver dissolved into the water will adhere to the interior surfaces of the branch lines, the handpieces and the implements. Upon such adherence, the silver is free to react with the oxygen conveyed therepast by the flowing water.
- the concentration of silver is only order of about three parts per million (3 mg/L).
- the apparatus shown in Figure 5 provides numerous beneficial features for a dental operatory or other medical facility using water from a mumcipal water source.
- the introduction of ozone into the water has the beneficial effect of sterilizing the water received.
- a sparger to introduce the ozone and attendant air from the ozone generator establishes elevated levels of oxygen and ozone in the water.
- the solubility of the ozone in the water is essentially proportional to the pressure.
- the ozone assists in biofilm reduction by dissociating to form oxygen containing radicals which will react (oxidize) organic matter and microorganisms.
- the presence of ozone within the silver catalyst cartridge increases the activity of the silver catalyst and thereby increases the reaction rate between the silver and oxygen. It is believed that an interaction between the silver and the ozone may cause some reaction with the water itself to convert a small amount of the water to hydrogen peroxide; it is well known that hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizer and functions as a disinfecting agent.
- the presence of hydrogen peroxide may have a further beneficial effect in destroying existing biofilm and preventing the formation of biofilm.
- the ozone As the ozone is carried downstream, it will spontaneously decompose to oxygen and its effectiveness for biofilm destruction will be reduced.
- the silver present in the water and adhered to the walls of the conduits, pipes, handpieces and implements will react with the dissolved oxygen decomposed from the ozone and provide further destruction of organic matter and the microorganisms.
- the water flowing into the dental handpieces and dental implements will be sterile and a residual disinfecting agent will exist throughout the plumbing network of a dental operatory.
- FIG. 6 there is shown an apparatus 210, which apparatus is similar to that shown in Figure 3. With respect to common elements, the same reference numerals will be applied.
- the major difference between the apparatus 100 ( Figure 3) and apparatus 210 is the introduction of a silver catalyst cartridge 212 in series with discharge conduit 138.
- sparger 136 introduces ozone and oxygen to water 122 within container 130. This ozone and oxygen is entrained and to some extent dissolved in the water outflow through discharge conduit 138 and enters silver catalyst cartridge 212.
- the beneficial effects of the water outflowing from the cartridge through discharge conduit 138 will be essentially the same as discussed above with respect to Figure 5.
- FIG 7 illustrates apparatus 220, which is essentially the same as apparatus 150 shown in Figure 4. Accordingly, common elements have been given the same reference numerals.
- Apparatus 220 includes a silver catalyst cartridge 222 disposed in series in conduit 176 conveying water to the various handpieces and implements, as discussed above. The ozone and oxygen discharged by sparger 170 into water 172 contained in container 154 is transmitted to and through silver catalyst cartridge 222. The reactions within the cartridge and beneficial effects of the water flowing therefrom discussed above with respect to Figures 5 and 6 will also be true for the water flowing from cartridge 222 of apparatus 220.
- FIG 8 illustrates an apparatus 230 similar in many respects to the apparatus shown in each of Figures 5, 6 and 7 except that an ozone generator is not formed a part thereof.
- the deletion of the ozone generator constitutes a significant cost reduction and avoids maintenance efforts and expenses associated therewith.
- Apparatus 230 includes a container 232. which mav be referred to a saturation chamber (a term which could also be applied to the containers associated with each of apparatus 200, 210 and 220).
- a source 234 of air which could be air from a dental operatory supply, is conveyed through a conduit 236 into container 232.
- a regulator 238 may be disposed in conduit 236 to maintain the pressure therein at a predetermined pressure, such as 45 psig.
- a check valve 230 may be employed in the conduit.
- a sparger 242 is disposed at the terminal end of conduit 236 to introduce fine bubbles of air into water 244 to entrain/dissolve these bubbles in the water.
- a vent conduit 248 may be employed. Such conduit would include a flow restrictor 250 to prevent discharge of water therethrough. The air (gas) flow past the restrictor may be vented to the atmosphere through an outlet 252.
- a source 254 of oxygen may be employed, as depicted in dashed lines.
- the oxygen is conveyed through conduit 256 from the source of oxygen into conduit 236.
- a valve 258 may be used to select inflow from either source 234 of air or source 254 of oxygen; alternatively, a valve capable of metering a flow from each of the sources of air and oxygen may be used.
- each of the source of air and the source of oxygen must be under pressure to cause gas to flow therefrom into conduit 236, water 244 in container 232 becomes pressurized. Such pressure environment also assists in expelling gas through vent conduit 248 to prevent existence of a significant air space 246.
- the pressure environment present within container 232 causes the water to be discharged into inlet 260 of discharge conduit 262.
- the discharge conduit conveys the water with entrained air/oxygen to silver catalyst cartridge 264.
- the chemical reactions resulting within the cartridge are the same as those described above with respect to Figures 5, 6 and 7.
- the outflow from the cartridge is conveyed via conduit 266 to the branch lines associated with each dental chair and the related handpieces and implements, as described above.
- a UV source 268 may be used in conjunction with discharge conduit 262 to irradiate the water flowing therepast and thereby kill irradiated microorganisms.
- UV source 268 is an alternate embodiment, it is shown in dashed lines.
- a cartridge of this type may be used as each of the silver catalyst cartridges discussed above.
- the cartridge is formed of a tube or sleeve 282 having an interior diameter of .0875 inches and of a 2 inch length.
- a plug 284 is disposed at each end.
- the plug includes a cylinder 286 for insertion into an end of sleeve 282 and an annular protrusion 288 to limit insertion of the plug.
- a centrally located threaded aperture 290 is formed in the plug to threadedly receive a fitting 292 having a barbed nipple 294 extending therefrom for penetrable engagement with an attached conduit.
- a downstream fitting engaging downstream plug 284 may be similar to fitting 292; alternatively, it may be a fitting 296 threaded engaging plug 284 and configured to receive and engage the end of tubing or a conduit extending therefrom.
- a twenty micron (20/i) filter 298 may be attached to the downstream plug, which filter prevents outflow of particulate material larger than twenty microns.
- Silver catalyst 298 comprises beads of silver packed between the end plugs within sleeve 282. These beads comprise silver deposited on a mineral substrate (alumina) and are available from Fountainhead Technologies, Inc. of Buffalo, RI. They are described in further detail in an article entitled "Fountainhead Technologies talks about their unique approach to catalytical water purification" published in the November, 1994 issue of the Catalyst Review
- the ratio of alumina (A1 2 0 3 ) to silver (Ag) is in the range of about 97.9% to about 98.3% and in the range of about 2.1 % to about 1.7%, respectively.
- the silver catalyst cartridge works essentially in the following manner. Dissolved oxygen in the water flowing through the cartridge contacts the beads of silver. The bond of diatomic oxygen molecule is ruptured upon contact to create individual oxygen atoms which then become loosely bound to the silver surface.
- the unique ability of silver to enter into oxidative reactions is due to the very weak bond it forms with oxygen (approximately 7 to 8 kcal/mol; most other transition metals bond with oxygen at strengths of more than 100 kcal/mol).. These weak bonds allow silver to readily transfer the loosely held oxygen atoms to any oxidizable substrate, such as organic matter and microorganisms.
- the sample at handpiece A contained less than 100 cfus and there were none in the irrigation implement. For the following three weeks, there were no cfus measured at either the handpiece A or the irrigation implement.
- handpiece A had 9,400 cfus and water irrigation implement had 12,150 cfus.
- the cfus at handpiece A dropped to 80 and the cfus at the irrigation implement dropped to 13.
- the cfus at handpiece A dropped to 5 and the cfus at the irrigation implement increased to 23 (the reason for the increase is unknown and may have been poor data or due to an intervening activity).
- office No. 3 prior to use of the invention, handpiece A had 9,400 cfus and water irrigation implement had 12,150 cfus.
- the cfus at handpiece A dropped to 80 and the cfus at the irrigation implement dropped to 13.
- the cfus at handpiece A dropped to 5 and the cfus at the irrigation implement increased to 23 (the reason for the increase is unknown and may have been poor data or due to
- the present invention is highly effective in destroying microorganisms in the environment of a dental operatory. Furthermore, it will destroy any existing biofilm and will prevent the buildup of biofilm in the attendant water conduits and water conveying and pieces and implements used in the dental practice.
- FHT Fountainhead Technologies, Inc.
- FHT The company started out in 1983 as a group of three entrepreneurs exploring the use of silver as a core technology for water purification. Several years prior, studies of potable water systems by NASA in the Apollo program showed that silver ions were effective for drinking water disinfection. But no one had looked at the role of silver in bacterial disinfection, which led our founders to the discovery of a catalytic system.
- FHT The catalyst system, which is the core of the technology, is what differentiates it from other water purification systems on the market
- silver is Oxida ive Catalysis for Aqueous Systems deposited on a mineral substrate (alumina).
- Oxida ive Catalysis for Aqueous Systems deposited on a mineral substrate (alumina).
- alumina mineral substrate
- Figure 1-A Dissolved oxygen molecules (OJ catalyst bed (see Figure 1-A), the randomly make contact tvrtft bond of the diatomic oxygen the catalyst bed of siver molecule is ruptured to create atoms. individual oxygen atoms which then become loosely bound to the silver surface (see Figure 1-B).
- Figure 1- A typical the catalyst surface (see Figure 1-D), segment of • surface protein on a passing bactenum providing a fresh surface receptive makes contact with the to additional oxygen. loosely bound oxygen atoms.
- Bacterial Level (C lif orm ⁇ 1 / 100 mL ⁇ 4/100 mL* meets standard
- FHT There are a number of water pur ⁇ cation technologies use today around the world. Chlorine is the most conventional and most widely used water disinfection system- Ozone generators, electro e ionizers, reverse osmosis, and distillation are also well-accepted methods for purifying water. Unlike these other systems, our catalyst-based system s less costly to operate, requiring no electricity and very few support chemicals. The key, of course, is the catalyst system which makes our products simple and effective. Our catalyst provides the initial loll of the bacteria and the viruses and, because of the slow release of copper and silver ions, it provides residual sanitation. No other water purification system can do all thaL
- FHT Our consultants at Arthur D. T JH-IP have helped us identify numerous markets for which this technology is appropriate. They mdude: recreational water, potable water, cooling towers, and a variety of industrial applications.
- Component Alumina CAS 1344-28-1
- Flash Point Non-flammable Firefighting Media Dry chemical, water spray or foam. For larger fires, use water spray, fog, or foam.
- Stability Stable Conditions to Avoid: None Known
- Health hazards may arise from eye contact, prolonged or repeated skin contact, repeated inhalation, or repeated ingestion.
- First Aid In case of contact, immediately flush eyes or skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if worn. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If large quantities are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a physician. None give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
- Reactivity Stable under normal temperature and pressures in sealed containers. Hazardous polymerization will not occur.
- Incompatibility materials to avoid: Acetylene, acetylene compounds, aziridine, bromine azide, 3-bromopropyne, carboxylic acids, ethylene oxide ethyl hydroperoxide, ethyleneimine, iodoform, nitric acid, ozonides, peroxomonosulfuric acid, and peroxyformic acid.
- Clean-up personnel need protection against inhalation of dusts or fumes. Eye protection is recommended. Vacuuming or wet methods of clean-up are preferred. Place in appropriate containers for disposal keeping airborne particles at a minimum.
- Silver which is reported to be toxic to both terrestrial and aquatic organisms.
- Silver is a CERCLA hazardous substance with a reportable quantity of 1000 lbs. (454 kg).
- Silver is a toxic chemical subject to the reporting requirements of SARA Title III ⁇ 313 and 40 CFR Part 372. Contains silver, RCRA hazardous waste number D011.
- Respiratory Protection Provide a NIOSH MSHA approved respirator in the absence of proper environment control. Contact your safety equipment supplier for proper mask type.
- Ventilation Provide general and/or local exhaust ventilation to keep exposures below the TLV. Ventilation used must be designed to prevent spots of dust accumulation or recycling of dusts.
- Protective Clothing Wear protective clothing, including long sleeves and gloves, to prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU45717/99A AU4571799A (en) | 1998-06-17 | 1999-06-16 | Catalytic dental water apparatus |
CA002298496A CA2298496A1 (en) | 1998-06-17 | 1999-06-16 | Catalytic dental water apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US8954198P | 1998-06-17 | 1998-06-17 | |
US60/089,541 | 1998-06-17 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999065533A1 true WO1999065533A1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
WO1999065533B1 WO1999065533B1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
WO1999065533A9 WO1999065533A9 (en) | 2000-10-19 |
Family
ID=22218226
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1999/013591 WO1999065533A1 (en) | 1998-06-17 | 1999-06-16 | Catalytic dental water apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU4571799A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2298496A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999065533A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001019737A1 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-22 | Amos Korin | A method and system for controlling biofilm |
EP1390300A1 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2004-02-25 | Bradley J. Downs | Structure and process for continuously treating dental unit water |
US7794608B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2010-09-14 | Zuvo Water, Llc | Apparatus and method for treating water with ozone |
US7818822B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2010-10-26 | Zuvo Water, Llc | Toilet tank water purifier |
WO2017175028A1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | PHILIPPI, Eduardo Frederico Borsarini | System and method for deodorization, sterilization, and increase resistance to maturation in food |
US11046602B2 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2021-06-29 | Charles E. C. Harris | Fluid purification apparatus and method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4422450A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1983-12-27 | Panlmatic Company | Actinic ozone periodontal irrigating apparatus and method |
US5352369A (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1994-10-04 | Fountainhead Technologies, Inc. | Method of treating water |
US5709799A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1998-01-20 | Vortex Corporation | Super ozonating water purifier |
US5935431A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1999-08-10 | Korin; Amos | Ultraviolet ozone water purifier for water disinfection |
-
1999
- 1999-06-16 CA CA002298496A patent/CA2298496A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-06-16 WO PCT/US1999/013591 patent/WO1999065533A1/en active Application Filing
- 1999-06-16 AU AU45717/99A patent/AU4571799A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4422450A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1983-12-27 | Panlmatic Company | Actinic ozone periodontal irrigating apparatus and method |
US5352369A (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1994-10-04 | Fountainhead Technologies, Inc. | Method of treating water |
US5709799A (en) * | 1996-06-03 | 1998-01-20 | Vortex Corporation | Super ozonating water purifier |
US5935431A (en) * | 1997-01-15 | 1999-08-10 | Korin; Amos | Ultraviolet ozone water purifier for water disinfection |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001019737A1 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-22 | Amos Korin | A method and system for controlling biofilm |
EP1390300A1 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2004-02-25 | Bradley J. Downs | Structure and process for continuously treating dental unit water |
EP1390300A4 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2004-05-19 | Bradley J Downs | Structure and process for continuously treating dental unit water |
US7794608B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2010-09-14 | Zuvo Water, Llc | Apparatus and method for treating water with ozone |
US7818822B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2010-10-26 | Zuvo Water, Llc | Toilet tank water purifier |
US11046602B2 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2021-06-29 | Charles E. C. Harris | Fluid purification apparatus and method |
WO2017175028A1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | PHILIPPI, Eduardo Frederico Borsarini | System and method for deodorization, sterilization, and increase resistance to maturation in food |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU4571799A (en) | 2000-01-05 |
WO1999065533A9 (en) | 2000-10-19 |
CA2298496A1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
WO1999065533B1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6267895B1 (en) | Catalytic dental water apparatus | |
US5942125A (en) | Dental unit water purifier | |
US5961920A (en) | Method and apparatus for treatment of fluids | |
US6106854A (en) | Disinfectant composition for infectious water and surface contaminations | |
Summerfelt | Ozonation and UV irradiation—an introduction and examples of current applications | |
US5158454A (en) | Dental unit | |
Mills | The dental unit waterline controversy: defusing the myths, defining the solutions | |
Kumar et al. | RETRACTED: Dental unit waterlines: source of contamination and cross-infection | |
US5407573A (en) | Continuous flow water-purifying device | |
Pankhurst et al. | The microbiological quality of water in dental chair units | |
US20020127158A1 (en) | Portable water ozonator and air/water supply control unit | |
WO2001019737A9 (en) | A method and system for controlling biofilm | |
Coleman et al. | Microbial biofilm control within the dental clinic: reducing multiple risks | |
WO1999065533A1 (en) | Catalytic dental water apparatus | |
US6599432B2 (en) | Methods for disinfecting small diameter water lines | |
CN102060370B (en) | Method for rapid disinfection of medical wastewater | |
US20050218084A1 (en) | Enhanced photocatalytic system | |
CA2542673A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for pathogenic and chemical reduction in fluid waste | |
KR100207095B1 (en) | Water purification system using ozone and ultra-violet light | |
CN214859499U (en) | Xenon excimer ozone sterilizing therapeutic apparatus | |
CN205773502U (en) | A kind of wastewater treatment equipment | |
CN110127932A (en) | A kind for the treatment of process enhancing wastewater disinfection effect | |
JP2021500236A (en) | Water treatment distributor | |
CN215799020U (en) | Medical treatment is processing apparatus for sewage | |
US20210316029A1 (en) | Device and method for recycling of respiratory masks and other personal protective equipment |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2298496 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2298496 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: C2 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: C2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
COP | Corrected version of pamphlet |
Free format text: PAGES 18-25, DESCRIPTION, REPLACED BY NEW PAGES 18-25; PAGES 1/8-8/8, DRAWINGS, REPLACED BY A NEW PAGES 1/8-8/8; DUE TO LATE TRANSMITTAL BY THE RECEIVING OFFICE |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |