WO1999060274A1

WO1999060274A1 - Pump utilizing an impeller with a magnet

Info

Publication number: WO1999060274A1
Application number: PCT/KR1999/000257
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kyoung-Hun Kim
Original assignee: Mdhan Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1998-05-21
Filing date: 1999-05-21
Publication date: 1999-11-25
Also published as: AU4063499A

Abstract

This invention relates to a pump for discharging a fluid and, more particularly, to pump of the type in which a fluid is easily sucked and discharged by an impeller (11) having a cylindrical frame (16), a magnetic material (10) embedded in outer periphery thereof, and a vane (17) arranged inside the cylindrical frame (16), wherein rotation is imparted to the impeller (11) by magnetic cooperation of the magnetic material (10), such as a permanent magnet, and an electromagnet disposed in a housing (2). The pump according to the invention can increase the discharge capacity by provision of an auxiliary impeller (13) disposed on the front and/or rear of the impeller (11). Moreover, the pump according to the invention makes it possible to offer the convenience in use and storing with the simplified construction, and to facilitate the disinfection and cleaning of the pump, and exchange of components thereof.

Description

Pump utilizing an impeller with a magnet

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a pump for discharging a fluid and, more particularly, to a pump of the type in which a fluid is sucked and discharged easily by an impeller having a cylindrical frame, a magnetic material embedded in the outer periphery thereof and a vane arranged inside the cylindrical frame, wherein the rotating force for sucking and discharging a fluid is imparted to the impeller by the magnetic cooperation of the magnetic material, e.g. a permanent magnet, and an electromagnet disposed in a housing surrounding the impeller.

BACKGROUND ART

Heretofore, there has been well known in the art a DC motor pump, which comprises an armature having a core with a coil wound on the core, a field magnet, i . e. an electromagnet, for generation of magnetic flux, a commutator and a brush rectifying the DC applied from external into the AC and a casing containing all of these component. A fluid is discharged through an impeller additionally provided at one or both ends of an armature shaft projecting outwardly from the casing.

In a typical motor pump such as the above-mentioned, since the impeller is additionally provided at one or both ends of the shaft of a motor portion, the size of the pump is inevitably large. Also, the motor portion extends perpendicularly from an impeller casing which contains the impeller and a fluid flows through it, thereby it is required to solve the problem such as vibration and noise, and also to seal the connection point between the shaft and the casing.

Further, the pump to be utilized as a discharge pump for a medical instrument has to be small. However, since the shape of the above- mentioned pump is the character "T", resulting from the intersection of the impeller casing and the motor portion, and from the fact that the impeller is independently connected to the motor portion, it is difficult to reduce the size of the pump.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The present invention is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the invention is to provide a small size pump, which comprises a cylindrical frame with a magnetic material embedded in the outer periphery thereof, an impeller provided with a vane incorporated and/or j ointed therein and a housing including a electromagnet, wherein the impeller is coaxially disposed inside the cylindrical frame such that the impeller is placed between an inlet port and an outlet port, and the impeller rotates by the variation in the magnetism of the electromagnet disposed in the housing, and thereby a fluid can be discharged through the pump.

The pump according to the invention can improve the discharge characteristics by providing an auxiliary impeller disposed on the front and/or rear ends of the impeller. Moreover, the pump according to the invention makes it possible to offer the convenience in use and storing with simplified construction, and to facilitate the disinfection and cleaning of the pump, and exchange of components thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. l is an exploded, perspective view of a pump using an impeller with a magnet according to the first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2a is a longitudinal sectional view of the pump o f Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 2b is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. Fig.3 is an exploded, perspective view of a pump according to the second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pump o f Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the principle of operation of the impeller according to the first and second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pump according to the third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a exploded, perspective view o f a pump according to the fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is a front view showing the condition of assembling the components of the pump of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 8 ;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of Fig.

8;

Fig. 1 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of Fig.

8;

Fig. 12 is an exploded, perspective view of the pump according to the fifth embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pump of Fig. 12.

BEST MODE FOR CARRING OUT THE INVENTION

To achieve the above objects of the invention, there is provided a fluid discharging pump which includes a shaft, a plurality of a vane, an impeller and a housing. In the pump according to the invention, the housing comprises an electromagnet trisecting or dividing by the double of the number of a magnetic material embedded in the outer periphery of a cylindrical frame. The shaft may be hollow so as to insert a medical instrument therein. A suction member and a discharge member can be easily connected to a casing, therefore cleaning or exchanging components of the pump can be easily carried out. These, as well as other features of the invention, will become apparent from the detailed explanation which follows, considered together with the appended drawings.

[ EMBODIMENT 1 ]

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are an exploded perspective and a cross sectional view , respectively, o f the first embodiment of the pump using an impeller with a magnet according to the invention. The pump comprises a drive unit 1 , a cylindrical casing 2 in which the drive unit

1 is contained in seal-tight and a field magnet portion disposed in the cylindrical casing 2 to rotate the drive unit 1 . The field magnet portion alternatively exert the magnetism of the N pole, and such a magnetism causes the drive unit 1 to rotate. By rotation of the drive unit 1 , a fluid can be discharged to the outside. The drive unit 1 comprises an impeller 1 1 including a cylindrical frame 16 on which magnetic material 10 is embedded and a vane 17 disposed inside the cylindrical frame 16 and incorporated with a shaft 12.

The impeller 1 1 , as shown in the drawings, may be in the form that three vane 17 is integrally formed with the cylindrical frame 1 6 as one body, or independently formed and connected to the inner surface of the cylindrical frame 16 by a junction means such as a ultrasonic welding or glue. The vane 1 7 of the impeller 1 1 is curved to facilitate the flow of a fluid, and the lower portion thereof is circularly fixed about the shaft 12 with equal distance. The number of the vane 17 is not limitative and may be more than three. As shown in Fig. 2, a magnetic material 10, such as a magnetite or a permanent magnet is disposed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame 16. A protective material may be applied to the cylindrical frame 16 and the vane 17 to prevent the corrosion by a fluid discharged. The casing 2 has a cylindrical space in which the impeller 1 1 can be contained and rotate therein. A conic suction member 2a having an inlet port 21 and a di scharge member 2b having an outlet port 21 ' are connected to both end of the cylindrical space 22 respectively. The inlet port 21 of the suction member 2a has a small diameter such that a fluid is easily sucked. A holder 25 1 receive one end of the shaft 12 into a center-hole of the holder 251 is provided on the open-end of the suction member 2a. The cross-section of the outlet port 21 ' is expanded, compared with that of the inlet port 21 , and gradually narrowed to facilitate the discharge of the fluid. A holder 252 is formed in the discharge member 2b to receive the other end of the shaft 12 into a center-hole of the holder 252. The suction member 2a and the discharge member 2b may be fitted to or threadly engage with the cylindrical space 22 so as to be easily assembled and disassembled. It is preferably required to maintain the sealing between these two members 2a, 2b and the cylindrical space 22. [ EMBODIMENT 2 ]

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrate the second embodiment of the pump according to the invention. The pump has a same structure except for a centrifugal auxiliary impeller 13 , which is disposed on the front end of the shaft 12 and increases the suction efficiency. The auxiliary impeller 13 may be threadly secured to the shaft 12. A guide plate 7 having a plurality of guide blades 72 for providing flow passages 71 are arranged between the impeller 1 1 and the auxiliary impeller 13. As shown in the Fig. 4, one side of the guide blade 72 is forcedly fitted or connected to the inner surface of the casing 2, and the other side is extending into the cylindrical frame 16 toward the shaft 12. A bearing metal 73 is, preferably, disposed between the guide plate 7 and the shaft 12 penetrating the centre thereof, to ensure stable rotation of the shaft 12 with respect to the guide plate 7.

[ EMBODIMENT 3 ]

Fig. 6 shows the third embodiment of the pump according to the invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the shaft 12 is hollow so that a medical instrument such as a drill can be inserted therein. Such a construction makes it possible to supply, on the contrary, or discharge a wash liquid through the inner hole of the shaft 12 when the pump is medically used.

On the other hand, the field magnet portions 3 , 3 ', 3 ", disposed inside the housing 2' and enclosing the casing 2, consist of the electromagnet 32 wound with a coil 3 1 . When the coil 3 1 is energized, the magnetism of the N pole is generated thereon. The magnetic material 1 0 having a N pole and a S pole is embedded around the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame 16 to trisect it. The field magnetic portions 3 , 3 ', 3 " alternatively generate the magnetism of N pole, in a known way, in accordance with the energization of the coil 31 .

Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary arrangement of the field magnetic portions 3 , 3 ', 3 " . Hall elements H I , H2, H3 are arranged between the field magnet portions 3 , 3 ', 3 " respectively. Current is supplied to the field magnetic portions 3 , 3 ', 3 " through transistors Tr l , Tr2, Tr3 when the hall elements HI , H2, H3 are activated in correspondence with the position of the magnetic material 10 with respect to the hall elements HI , H2, H3.

Now, the operation of the pump according to the first to the third embodiments will be described in more detail. First, an auxiliary connecting tube such as hoses (not shown) are connected to the inlet port 21 and the outlet port 2 V respectively after the pump is mounted on an instrument (not shown), for example, an urine discharge apparatus.

As indicated in Fig. 2b and Fig. 5 , at this stage, the hall element

HI is positioned beyond the region of the magnetic material 10, and the hall element H2 is positioned in the initial region of the S pole of the magnetic material 10, and the hall element H3 is positioned in the region of the N pole.

Since the density of the magnetic flux is varied in accordance with the hall element H3 when the current is applied, the hall voltage is generated in the hall element H3 by the "hall effect" . Due to this voltage, the electric potential of the hall element H3 becomes higher than that of the transistor Tr3 , and thereby the current flows from the hall element H3 to the base of the transistor. In this time the current from the power source flows to the emitter through the collector of the transistor, indicated as the arrow 13 , and the magnetic field H is formed on the field magnet portion 3 " .

Assuming that R is a radius of the field magnet portion 3 " and X is a distance from centre of the coil to the N pole, according to a principle of the right-hand screw of the Ampere, the magnetic field H generated on the outer periphery of the field magnet portion 3 " is as follows;

R² I H = dH sin ø = 2 ₍R² + X²) ^3/2

Accordingly, the N pole of the magnetic material 10 and the magnetic field H is repulsive with respect to each other, and this repulsive force causes the magnetic material 10 to rotate about an angle of 120 degrees, toward the hall element H I , in direction of the counter-clockwise. Consequently, as indicated in the above, when the

N pole of the magnetic material 10 is positioned at each region of hall elements H I , H2, H3 , the magnetic field is consecutively generated, and then the drive unit 1 including the impeller 1 1 rotate successively by the repulsion of the same magnetism.

Although one impeller 1 1 provided with the magnetic material 10, three field magnet portion 3 , 3 ', 3 " and three hall elements H I , H2, H3 are used in the above-stated embodiments, changes may be made in the number and arrangement of those components.

When the drive unit 1 rotates, the cylindrical space 22 becomes a vacuum condition, and then, as shown in Fig. 4, a fuild is sucked into the pump through the inlet port 21 and the impeller 1 1 . A fluid sucked through the impeller 1 1 is delivered to the vane 17 and then discharged to outside through the discharge port 21 '. In case the centrifugal auxiliary impeller 1 3 is provided additionally, a fluid sucked through the inlet port 21 is diffused outwardly by the auxiliary impeller 13 and delivered into the impeller 1 1 along the flow passage 71 , and then discharged. A drill 61 may be inserted, referring to the

Fig. 6, so as to be used as a medical means when the shaft 12' is hollow. In accordance with the above construction, a wash liquid can be supplied and discharged through the hollow shaft 12' during medical treatment. [ EMBODIMENT 4 ]

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are an exploded, perspective view and a front elevation view of the fourth embodiment according to the invention, respectively. The pump according to the embodiment comprises a drive unit 1 , a casing 2 enclosing the drive unit 1 , a housing 2' for rotating the drive unit 1 and field magnet portions 3a, 3b arranged in the inner surface of the housing 2' . Rotating force for discharging a fluid is imparted to the drive unit 1 by the magnetism of the N pole, generated alternately at the field magnet portions 3 a, 3b. The drive unit 1 includes three magnetic material 10, disposed on the outer periphery of a cylindrical frame 16 to be equal in angular extent, an impeller 1 1 formed unitarily with a vane 1 7, a shaft 12, auxiliary impellers 13 , 1 3 ' and electrode portions 4, 4'. The number of the vane 17 in the impeller 1 1 is not limitative and may be more than three. The magnetic material 10 is arranged in a manner that, as shown in Fig.

10, the S pole thereof leads the N pole in the direction of rotation. At both ends of the impeller 1 1 , brushes 14, 14' are disposed such that each brush 14, 14' is divided into three conductive areas (dotted) and three non-conductive areas, having same arcuate range. As shown in Fig. 7, each conductive area of one brush is linearly positioned between each non-conductive area of the other brush, and thereby the field magnetic portion 3 a in odd row and the field magnet portion 3b in even row is alternatively energized when the impeller 1 1 rotates.

In more detail, only each conductive area of the brushes 14, 14' permits that an electrode portion 4 is electrically communicated with the brush 14 and an electrode portion 4' with the brush 14', and thereby, referring to Fig. 9 to Fig. 1 1 , the field magnet portions 3 a, 3b are alternatively and repeatedly magnetized in every rotation of 60 degrees of the impeller 1 1 . Sealing ring 15 is arranged at both side of the brushes 14, 14' for insulation. Auxiliary impeller 13 , 13' having curved and conic vane are disposed at both side of the shaft 12, which facilitates the flow of a fluid through the inlet port 21 and the outlet port 21 '. The auxiliary impellers 13, 13' may be formed unitarily with the shaft 12 or have a polygon groove corresponding to a projection of the shaft 12 to be fitted thereto. In order to prevent the vibration of the shaft 12 and the auxiliary impellers 13 , 13 ' during rotation, a spring means exerting a biasing force may be inserted therebetween.

Both ends of the auxiliary impeller 1 3 , 13's are in the form of pivot bearing. Although the auxiliary impellers 1 3 , 1 3 ' in this embodiment are shown as a conic shape, spiral or propeller-type impeller may be used.

The cylindrical case 2 has a cylindrical space 22 and conic spaces 23, 23 ' in which the impeller 1 1 and the auxiliary impellers 13 , 1 3' are contained, and the inlet port 21 and the outlet port 21 ' are formed at both sides of the conic spaces 23 , 23' respectively. The auxiliary impeller 13 is assembled inside of the conic space 23 with a minimum clearance.

Holding members 24, 24' are disposed inside the casing 2 to support the electrode portions 4, 4' respectively, which provide the field magnet portions 3 a, 3b with current when contacted with the conductive area of the brushes 14, 14'. At both side of the conic spaces 23 , 23 ', supporting members 25 , 25' are disposed so as to support the auxiliary impellers 13 , 13 ' respectively. Number of the left holding member 24 and the right holding member 24' are same with that of the magnetic material 10 embedded on the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame 16. The electrode portions 4, 4' are inserted into the holding members 24, 24' and two electrodes 41 , 42 of the electrode portions 4, 4' can be communicated electrically only when contacted with the conductive area of the brushes 14, 14' while the impeller 1 1 rotates, and thereby the field magnet portions 3a, 3b are alternatively energized. The casing 2 is partially made of a non-conductive material by inj ection molding and thus can be easily assembled or disassembled. For the purpose of sealing, a sealing means such as a rubber ring may be inserted in all connecting portions, and band or lock means may be used for maintaining the assembly condition.

The field magnet portions 3 a, 3b disposed in the housing 2 ' comprises an electromagnet 32 and a coil 3 1 , and the number thereof are twice as many as the magnetic material 10 embeded in the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame 16.

In accordance with arrangement of the brushes 14, 14' and the field magnet portions 3 a, 3b, when the impeller 1 1 rotates, the field magnet portions 3a, 3b are alternatively energized to be N pole and then a repulsive force is generated between the field magnet portions 3a, 3b and the magnetic material 10. This repulsive force causes the impeller 1 1 to continuously rotate.

In more detail, as show in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, contact grooves 51 , 52, 5 1 ', 52' are formed parall to a series of the field magnetic portions 3a, 3b such that the contact groove 5 1 is contacted with a positive pole of the electrode portion 4 and one end of the coil 3 1 of the field magnet portion 3b in even row, and the contact groove 5 1 ' is contacted with a negative pole of the electrode portion and one end of the coil 3 1 of the field magnet portion 3 a in odd row. The contact groove 52 is in contact with the other end of the coil

3 1 of the field magnet portion in odd row, and the contact groove 52' is in contact with the other end of the coil 3 1 of the field magnet portion in even row.

As shown in Fig. 9, since the electrode portion 4 is connected to the conductive area of the brush 14, differently from the electrode portion 4', the current from the electrode 41 can be flow to the electrode 42 through the conductive area of the brush 14.

Consequently, the coil 3 1 of the field magnet portion 3 a in odd row is energized and then the electromagnet 32 is magnetically polarized into N pole. Naturally, the electromagnet 32 and the magnetic material 10 having same magnetism is in the condition of repulsion and S pole of the magnetic material 1 0 is attracted to the electromagnet 32, and thereby the impeller 1 1 including the brush 14 rotates. In this time, the electromagnet 32 of the field magnet portion 3b in even row is not magnetically polarized as the coil 3 1 thereof is de-energized. After the impeller 1 1 rotates about an angle of 60 degrees, the contact condition of two electrode portions 4, 4' are changed each other, that is, the electrode portion 4' is in contact with the conductive area of the brush 14' while the electrode portion 4' is in contact with the non-conductive area of the brush 14.

Accordingly, by the above-mentioned process, the electromagnet 32 of the field magnet portion 3b in even row is magnetically polarized, and then the impeller 1 1 is caused to rotate by repulsive and attractive force between the electromagnet 32 and the magnetic material 10.

This mechanism will be repeated alternatively during operation, and thereby the impeller 1 1 rotates successively such that a fluid can be sequentially admitted and discharged. [ EMBODIMENT 5 ] Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 illustrate the fifth embodiment of the pump according to the invention. The construction of the pump according to this embodiment is the same with that of the fourth embodiment except the location of the brushes 14, 14'. The brushes 14, 14' located at both ends of the shaft 12 in the fourth embodiment are now disposed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical frame 1 6 in parallel with the magnetic material 1 0. In accordance with variation in position of the brushes 14, 14', the location of the corresponding components such as the electrode portions 4, 4' and holding members 24, 24' may be also varied. Since the operating methods of the pump according to the fourth and the fifth embodiment are the same with those of the pumps according to the first to the third embodiments of the invention, it will not be described in detail.

Changes or modification may be made in the construction and the arrangement of the parts as disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS :

1. A pump using an impeller with a magnet comprising: a casing 2 having an inlet port 21 and an outlet port 21'; a cylindrical frame 16 having a magnetic material 10 embeded on the outer periphery thereof; an impeller 11 constructed by combination of the cylindrical frame 16 and a shaft 12 having a plurality of vane 17 mounted thereon; and a housing 2' including field magnet portions 3, 3', 3", 3a, 3b, wherein said field magnet portions 3, 3', 3", 3a, 3b consisting of an electromagnet 32 and a coil 31, and being circularly disposed in said housing 2' to trisect or divide equally into double-piece of the number of the magnetic material 10.

2. A pump according to claim 1, wherein a suction member including said inlet port 21 and a discharge member 2a including said outlet port 21' is detachably connected to said casing 2, and hall elements HI, H2, H3 are located in predetermined position with respect to said field magnetic portions 3, 3', 3".

3. A pump according to claim 1, wherein a centrifugal auxiliary impeller 14 and a guide plate 7 for rotatably supporting said shaft 12 and providing a flow passage 17 between a guide blade 72 thereof are arranged between said suction member 2a and said impeller 11.

4. A pump according to claim 1, wherein the shaft 12' is hollow.

5. A pump according to claim 1, wherein conic auxiliary impellers 13, 13' are disposed between the impeller 11 and the inlet port 21 and the outlet port 21', respectively.

6. A pump according to claim 5, wherein said conic auxiliary impellers 13, 13' have polygon groove corresponding to projections of the shaft to be fitted thereto, respectively .

7. A pump according to claim 1, wherein a brush contacted with electrode portions 4, 4' for supplying the electric power is disposed on the shaft 12 of the impeller 1 1 or on the cylindrical frame 16.