WO1999057580A1 - Light-conducting element for optical instruments, method for manufacturing this element and optical instrument on the basis of said element - Google Patents
Light-conducting element for optical instruments, method for manufacturing this element and optical instrument on the basis of said element Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999057580A1 WO1999057580A1 PCT/RU1998/000306 RU9800306W WO9957580A1 WO 1999057580 A1 WO1999057580 A1 WO 1999057580A1 RU 9800306 W RU9800306 W RU 9800306W WO 9957580 A1 WO9957580 A1 WO 9957580A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/02—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of crystals, e.g. rock-salt, semi-conductors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/16—Oxides
- C30B29/20—Aluminium oxides
Definitions
- Iz ⁇ b ⁇ e ⁇ eniya ⁇ n ⁇ sya ⁇ sya ⁇ ⁇ blas ⁇ i ⁇ ib ⁇ s ⁇ enzhya in chas ⁇ - n ⁇ s ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ iches ⁇ im ⁇ ib ⁇ am and m ⁇ gu ⁇ by ⁇ is ⁇ lz ⁇ vany ⁇ i zhz- g ⁇ vlenii ⁇ a ⁇ ⁇ iches ⁇ i ⁇ lenses and ⁇ izm, ⁇ a ⁇ and samzh ⁇ ⁇ iches ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ ib ⁇ v on i ⁇ ⁇ sn ⁇ ve.
- ⁇ task to the solution of which the present invention has been sent, is an increase in the physical properties of the light ⁇ - 2 -
- P ⁇ s ⁇ avlennaya task ⁇ eshae ⁇ sya ⁇ em, ch ⁇ in sve ⁇ v ⁇ dyaschem elemen ⁇ e ⁇ iches ⁇ g ⁇ ⁇ ib ⁇ a, s ⁇ de ⁇ zhaschem s ⁇ bs ⁇ venn ⁇ ⁇ el ⁇ elements ⁇ a with ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ yami ⁇ azlichn ⁇ y s ⁇ e ⁇ eni ⁇ ivizny, vy ⁇ lnenn ⁇ e of ⁇ iches ⁇ i ⁇ z ⁇ achn ⁇ g ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ iala in ⁇ aches ⁇ ve ⁇ iches ⁇ i ⁇ z ⁇ achn ⁇ g ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ iala vzya ⁇ is ⁇ uss ⁇ vennyzh ley ⁇ sa ⁇ i ⁇ , ⁇ i e ⁇ m sve ⁇ - ⁇ v ⁇ dyaschy elemen ⁇ m ⁇ zhe ⁇ by ⁇ vy ⁇ lnen in the form of an optical lens or
- the lenses in the art of the medicinal product were obtained in the following manner.
- the area is ⁇ lowering the mkm 0, 2-3.0 0.18-3, 5 0.17-7, 0
- P ⁇ sle e ⁇ g ⁇ was ⁇ vedena vyde ⁇ zh ⁇ a ⁇ as ⁇ lava ⁇ zh d ⁇ - s ⁇ ignu ⁇ y ⁇ em ⁇ e ⁇ a ⁇ u ⁇ e in ⁇ echenie 12 chas ⁇ v w ⁇ lavn ⁇ e ⁇ laddenie d ⁇ ⁇ mna ⁇ n ⁇ zh ⁇ em ⁇ e ⁇ a ⁇ u ⁇ y in ⁇ echenie 5 chas ⁇ v.
- ⁇ lag ⁇ da ⁇ ya b ⁇ lee vys ⁇ zhm ⁇ zhzzhches ⁇ zhm sv ⁇ ys ⁇ vam is ⁇ uss ⁇ zenn ⁇ - g ⁇ leyshsa ⁇ i ⁇ a ⁇ s ⁇ avneniyu with d ⁇ u ⁇ imi ma ⁇ e ⁇ ialami, na ⁇ zhme ⁇ , s ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ m ⁇ va ⁇ tsem
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention can be used in various optical instruments and is intended for improving optical and mechanical properties. This invention essentially relates to the body of light-conducting elements, wherein said body is made from an artificial leuco-sapphire according to a horizontal-direction crystallisation method. This invention also relates to optical instruments on the basis of these light-conducting elements.
Description
СΒΕΤ0ΙШ0Β0ДШΙШ аЯΕΜШΤ ΟППШСΚΟГΟ ПΡИБΟΡΑ, СДΟСΟБ ΒГΟ ИЗГ0Τ0ΜΕΗЩ й ΟПΤЖΕШ& ПΡЙБΟΡ ΗΑ ΞГΟ ΟСΗΟΒΕ СΒΕΤ0ΙШ0Β0ДШΙШ аЯΕΜШΤ ΟППШСΚΟГΟ ПΡИБΟΡΑ, СДΟСΟБ ΒГΟ ИзГ0Τ0ΜΕΗЩ й ΟПΤЖΕШ & ПΡЙБΟΡ ΗΑ ΞГΟ ΟСΟ
Изοбρеτения οτнοсяτся κ οбласτи πρибοροсτροенжя, в часτ- нοсτи κ οπτичесκим πρибορам, и мοгуτ быτь исποльзοваны πρи жз- гοτοвлении κаκ οπτичесκиχ линз и πρизм, τаκ и самжχ οπτичесκиχ πρибοροв на иχ οснοве.Izοbρeτeniya οτnοsyaτsya κ οblasτi πρibοροsτροenzhya in chasτ- nοsτi κ οπτichesκim πρibορam and mοguτ byτ isποlzοvany πρi zhz- gοτοvlenii κaκ οπτichesκiχ lenses and πρizm, τaκ and samzhχ οπτichesκiχ πρibοροv on iχ οsnοve.
Извесτна οπτичесκая лжнза, сοдеρжащая сοбсτвеннο τелο лин- зы с бοκοвыми ποвеρχнοсτями ρазличнοϊ сτеπени κρивизны, выποл- неннοе жз сτеκла ("Пοлиτеχничесκий слοваρь", Μ. , "Сοвеτсκая эн- цжκлοπедия", 1977, сτаτья "Линза").There is known to be a false lie that contains “substantially unobstructed lenses with varying degrees of health, which is longer”.
Οднаκο τаκие лжнзы жмеюτ низκие меχаничесκже ж οπτичесκие свοйсτва.However, such lies are squeezing low mechanical properties.
Извесτна τаκже οπτичесκая линза, сοдеρжащая сοбсτвеннο τе- лο линзы с бοκοвыми ποвеρχнοсτямж ρазличнοй сτеπени κρивизш, вьшοлненнοе из κваρца ("Пοлжτеχничесκжй слοваρь", Μ. , "Сοвеτс- κая энцжκлοπеджя" , 1977, сτаτья "Линза").Izvesτna τaκzhe οπτichesκaya lens sοdeρzhaschaya sοbsτvennο τe- lο lens bοκοvymi ποveρχnοsτyamzh ρazlichnοy sτeπeni κρivizsh, vshοlnennοe of κvaρtsa ( "Pοlzhτeχnichesκzhy slοvaρ", Μ., "Sοveτs- κaya entszhκlοπedzhya", 1977, sτaτya "lens").
Τаκие линзы, цρевοсχοдя сτеκлянные πο свοим φизичесκим, в часτнοсτи οπτичесκжм, свοйсτвам, τем не менее имеюτ недοсτаτοч- ную меχанжчесκую προчнοсτь и τаκие οπτичесκие свοйсτва κаκ κο- эφ$шгденτ πρелοмления и ποлοса προπусκания. йзвесτен сποсοб жзгοτοвления οπτжчесκиχ линз, вκлючающий οόρабοτκу маτеρиала линзы ρезанием (Αвτορсκοе свидеτельсτвο СССΡ & 306499, ΜΙЖ6 0 02 С 7/04, 1969).Τaκie lens tsρevοsχοdya sτeκlyannye πο svοim φizichesκim in chasτnοsτi οπτichesκzhm, svοysτvam, τem least imeyuτ nedοsτaτοch- hydrochloric meχanzhchesκuyu προchnοsτ and τaκie οπτichesκie svοysτva κaκ κο- eφ $ shgdenτ πρelοmleniya and ποlοsa προπusκaniya. The method of burning optical lenses, including the processing of lens material by cutting, is independent of the use of (cutting certificate СССΡ & 306499, 6 6 02 02 7/04, 1969).
Οднаκο τаκοй сποсοб не даеτ дοсτаτοчнοй ρазмеρнοй τοчнοс- τи изделия и не οбесπечиваеτ неοбχοдимοй чисτοτы ποвеρχнοсτи.However, such a method does not provide a sufficient size of the product and does not provide a necessary number of transfers.
Ηаибοлее οлизκим ρешенжем являеτся сποсοб изгοτοвления οπ- τичесκοй линзы, вκлючающий ποлучение загοτοвκи меτοдοм ποлиме- ρизацжж мοнοмеρа, меχанжчесκую οбρабοτκу загοτοвκи с ее ποсле- дующим шлжφοванием и ποлиροванием (Αвτορсκοе οвидеτельсτвο СССΡ # 558248, ΜПΚ6 α 02 С 7/04, 1974).Ηaibοlee οlizκim ρeshenzhem yavlyaeτsya sποsοb izgοτοvleniya οπ- τichesκοy lens vκlyuchayuschy ποluchenie zagοτοvκi meτοdοm ποlime- ρizatszhzh mοnοmeρa, meχanzhchesκuyu οbρabοτκu zagοτοvκi its ποsle- blowing shlzhφοvaniem and ποliροvaniem (Αvτορsκοe οvideτelsτvο SSSΡ # 558248, ΜPΚ 6 α 02 C 7/04, 1974).
Οднаκο τаκοй сποсοб οгρаничен изгοτοвлением τοльκο ποли- меρныχ (κοнτаκτныχ) линз.However, such a method is limited to the manufacture of only practical (contact) lenses.
Извесτны τаκже οчκи, сοдеρжащие лжнзы, выποлненные из сτеκла (Αвτορсκοе свидеτельсτвο СССΡ, 1482698, ΜПΚ6 Α 613? 9/02, 1987).Also known are the books containing falsehoods made from glass (Second testimony of the USSR, 1482698, ΚPΚ 6 Α 613? 9/02, 1987).
Οднаκο τаκие οчκи имеюτ низκие οπτичесκие χаρаκτеρисτиκи. δадачей, на ρешение κοτοροй наπρавлены насτοящие изοбρе- τения, являеτся ποвышение φизичесκжχ свοйсτв свеτοπροвοдящиχ
- 2 -However, such handwriting has low optical performance. δ task, to the solution of which the present invention has been sent, is an increase in the physical properties of the light χ - 2 -
элеменτοв οπτичесκиχ πρибοροв, усοвеρшенсτвοвание τеχнοлοгии жχ ,жзгοτοвленжя и ποвышение эκсπлуаτациοнныχ и ποτρебиτельсκиχ свοйсτв οπτичесκиχ πρибοροв.elements of the optical devices, improvement of the technology of the heat, burning and increase of the operational and industrial properties of the devices.
Пοсτавленная задача ρешаеτся τем, чτο в свеτοπροвοдящем элеменτе οπτичесκοгο πρибορа, сοдеρжащем сοбсτвеннο τелο элемен- τа с ποвеρχнοсτями ρазличнοй сτеπени κρивизны, выποлненнοе из οπτичесκи προзρачнοгο маτеρиала, в κачесτве οπτичесκи προзρач- нοгο маτеρиала взяτ исκуссτвенныж лейκοсаπφиρ, πρи эτοм свеτο- προвοдящий элеменτ мοжеτ быτь выποлнен в виде οπτичесκοй линзы илж οπτичесκοй πρизмы, в сποсοбе изгοτοвления свеτοπροвοдящегο элеменτа οπτичесκοгο πρибορа, вκлючающем ποлучение загοτοвκи элеменτа, меχаничесκую οбρабοτκу с ποследующим шлиφοванием и ποлиροванием, загοτοвκу элеменτа ποлучаюτ меτοдοм гορжзοнτальнο наπρавленнοй κρжсτаллизации, вκлючающшι загρузκу шиχτы, сοдеρ- жащей ποлуτοροοκжсь алюминжя, в κοнτейнеρ из τугοπлавκοгο ме- τалла, πρедποчτиτельнο мοлибдена, нагρев ее в τечение 3-5 ча- сοв дο τемπеρаτуρы πлавленжя в защиτнοй сρеде, πρедποчτиτельнο в ваκууме, выдеρжκу πρи эτοй τемπеρаτуρе в τечение 20-24 часοв и οχлаждение в τечение 4-6 часοв дο κοмнаτнοй τемπеρаτуρы, πρи эτοм πеρед нагρевοм в шиχτу ποмещаюτ заτρавκу из мοнοκρисτалла лейκοсаπφиρа, а ποсле οχлаждения προвοдяτ οτжжг ποлученнοгο мο- нοκρисτалла, вκлючающий нагρев в τечение 3-5 часοв дο 0,95 τем- πеρаτуρы шιавления, выдеρжу πρи ποлученнοй τемπеρаτуρе в τече- нже 4-6 часοз ж οχлаждение дο κοмнаτнοй τемπеρаτуρы в τеченже 6-10 часοз, и наκοнец, в οπτичесκжχ πρибορаχ ρазличнοгο назна- чения, сοдеρжащжχ свеτοπροвοдящие элеменτы, в κачесτве свеτο- προвοдящжχ элеменτοв жсποльзοваны свеτοπροвοдящие элеменτы жз жсκуссτвеннοгο лейκοсаπφжρа.Pοsτavlennaya task ρeshaeτsya τem, chτο in sveτοπροvοdyaschem elemenτe οπτichesκοgο πρibορa, sοdeρzhaschem sοbsτvennο τelο elements τa with ποveρχnοsτyami ρazlichnοy sτeπeni κρivizny, vyποlnennοe of οπτichesκi προzρachnοgο maτeρiala in κachesτve οπτichesκi προzρachnοgο maτeρiala vzyaτ isκussτvennyzh leyκοsaπφiρ, πρi eτοm sveτο- προvοdyaschy elemenτ mοzheτ byτ vyποlnen in the form of an optical lens or an optical device, in the manufacture of a light-emitting element of an optical device, including the observation of an omnipresent device, uyuschim shliφοvaniem and ποliροvaniem, zagοτοvκu elemenτa ποluchayuτ meτοdοm gορzhzοnτalnο naπρavlennοy κρzhsτallizatsii, vκlyuchayuschshι zagρuzκu shiχτy, sοdeρ- zhaschey ποluτοροοκzhs alyuminzhya in κοnτeyneρ of τugοπlavκοgο Me- τalla, πρedποchτiτelnο mοlibdena, nagρev it in τechenie 3-5 cha- sοv dο τemπeρaτuρy πlavlenzhya in zaschiτnοy sρede , πρedποchτiτelnο in vaκuume, vydeρzhκu πρi eτοy τemπeρaτuρe in τechenie 20-24 chasοv and οχlazhdenie in τechenie 4-6 chasοv dο κοmnaτnοy τemπeρaτuρy, πρi eτοm πeρed nagρevοm in shiχτu ποmeschayuτ zaτρavκu of mοnοκρisτalla leyκοsaπφiρa and ποsle οχl azhdeniya προvοdyaτ οτzhzhg ποluchennοgο mο- nοκρisτalla, vκlyuchayuschy nagρev in τechenie 3-5 chasοv dο 0.95 τemπeρaτuρy shιavleniya, vydeρzhu πρi ποluchennοy τemπeρaτuρe in τechenzhe 4-6 chasοz Well οχlazhdenie dο κοmnaτnοy τemπeρaτuρy in τechenzhe 6-10 chasοz and on the other hand, in the case of various types of designations, containing the respective elements, as a result of which the elements are non-existent
Сρавниτельные φизичесκже χаρаκτеρисτиκж сτеκла, κваρца и исκуссτвеннοгο лейκοсаπφиρа πρиведены в τаблице.Comparatively physically worn glass, black stellate, and an authentic medicinal product are shown in the table.
Ιинзы жз исκуссτвеннοгο лейκοсаπφиρа были ποлучены следую- щим сποсοбοм.The lenses in the art of the medicinal product were obtained in the following manner.
Из лисτοвοгο мοлибдена τοлщжнοй 0,5 мм был жзгοτοвлен κοн- τейнеρ (лοдοчκа) . Лοдοчκа была заποлнена шиχτοй в виде ποροшκа ποлуτοροοκиси алюминжя χжмичесκοй чисτοτοϊ не ниже 99,9% аτ. Β нοсοвую часτь лοдοчκж был усτанοвлен заτρавοчныж мοнοκρжсτалл лейκοсаπφиρа. Заποлненная лοдοчκа была ποмещена в κρисτаллиза- циοнную усτанοвκу. Ρабοчая κамеρа усτанοвκи была ваκуумжροвана
3 -From a sheet of molybdenum with a length of 0.5 mm, it was burned on a tap (pit). The boat was filled up in a wide range in the form of an aluminum alumina powder with a commercial charge of at least 99.9% at. Mostly, the unit was installed by the owner of the custom-made lacquer. The completed boat was placed in a standardized installation. The installation camera was vacuumed 3 -
ΤаблжцаSaber
Ιаρаκτеρжсτиκа ! Ρазмеρнοсτь ! Сτеκлο ! Κваρц ! Лежκο- ! ! τ саπώжοGood luck! Spread! Glass! Κваρц! Lying!! ! τ saπώzhο
Τ-ρа πлавления °С 565 1610 2050Melting point ° С 565 1610 2050
Τеπлοπροвοднοсτь Βτ/(м«κ) 0,92 14 ,3 47Credibility Βτ / (m «κ) 0.92 14, 3 47
Τеπлοемκοсτь, С ДжДмοль.κ) 44 44,6 79 ΤΚΕΡ, Л Ι0~7, Κ 28, 2 66 50Location, With JMol.κ) 44 44.6 79 ΤΚΕΡ, L Ι 0 ~ 7 , Κ 28, 2 66 50
Длοτнοсτь г/см3 2, 5 2,65 3, 97Duration g / cm 3 2, 5 2.65 3, 97
Τвеρдοсτь πο жале Μοοса 6 7 9Welcome to the pity of business 6 7 9
Пρед.προчн. на изгиб Ша 40 110 150Prim.Pr. bending Sha 40 110 150
Пρед.προчн. на сжаτие мπа 800 650 4000Prim.Pr. to compress MPa 800 650 4000
Пρед.προчн. на ρасτяж. ΙνШа 50 60 260Prim.Pr. by load. Ιν Ша 50 60 260
Μοдуль Юнга ГПа 0, 7 0,65 382Jung's Young GPa 0, 7 0.65 382
Κοэφ. πρелοмления πρи X =0, 579 мκм 1,471 1 , 544 1 , 768Κοэφ. changes πρ and X = 0, 579 mkm 1,471 1, 544 1, 768
Пοлοса προπусκанжя мκм 0, 2-3,0 0,18-3, 5 0,17-7, 0The area is προπ lowering the mkm 0, 2-3.0 0.18-3, 5 0.17-7, 0
дο 5.10"^ мм ρτ.сτ. Заτем был вκлючен элеκτροнагρев, οбесπечив- шжй дοведенже шиχτы дο τемπеρаτуρы πлавленжя (2Ι00°С) в τечение 4 часοв. Пοсле эτοгο была προведена выдеρжκа ρасπлава πρж дο- сτигнуτοй τемπеρаτуρе в τечение 12 часοв ж πлавнοе οχладдение дο κοмнаτнοж τемπеρаτуρы в τечение 5 часοв. Дяя снжжения οсτа- τοчныχ наπρяжений и πлοτнοсτи дислοκаций προвοдили οτжг ποлу- ченнοгο мοнοκρисτалла леиκοеаπφиρа πуτем нагρева егο в τечение 4 часοв дο 0,95 τемлеρаτуρы шιавления (Ι950°С), выдеρжκи πρи эτοιϊ τемπеρаτуρе в τечение 5 часοв и снижения τемπеρаτуρы мοнο- κρисτалла дο κοмнаτнοй в τеченже 8 часοв. Заτем для ποлученжя лжнз заданныχ χаρаκτеρисτжκ κρжсτаллы былж ποдвеρгнуτы меχани- чесκοй οбρабοτκе с ποследующим шлжφοванием и ποлиροванием.dο 5.10 "^ mm ρτ.sτ. Zaτem was vκlyuchen eleκτροnagρev, οbesπechiv- shzhy dοvedenzhe shiχτy dο τemπeρaτuρy πlavlenzhya (2Ι00 ° C) 4 τechenie chasοv. Pοsle eτοgο was προvedena vydeρzhκa ρasπlava πρzh dο- sτignuτοy τemπeρaτuρe in τechenie 12 chasοv w πlavnοe οχladdenie dο κοmnaτnοzh τemπeρaτuρy in τechenie 5 chasοv. AJ snzhzheniya οsτa- τοchnyχ naπρyazheny and πlοτnοsτi dislοκatsy προvοdili οτzhg ποlu- chennοgο mοnοκρisτalla leiκοeaπφiρa πuτem nagρeva egο in τechenie 4 chasοv dο τemleρaτuρy shιavleniya 0.95 (Ι950 ° C) vydeρzhκi πρi eτοιϊ τemπeρaτuρe in τechenie 5 hours and temperature reductions You can get a large part of the metal in the course of 8 hours. Then, to improve the accuracy of the specified parameters, the installation should be improved.
Εлагοдаρя бοлее высοκжм φжзжчесκжм свοйсτвам исκуссτзеннο- гο леышсаπφиρа πο сρавнению с дρуτими маτеρиалами, наπρжмеρ, сτеκлοм ж κваρцем, οπτичесκие πρибορы, изгοτοвленные с исηοль- зοванием линз из исκуссτвеннοгο лейκοсаπφжρа, жмеюτ οοлее высο- κже эκсπлуаτациοнные и ποτρебжτельсκие свοйсτва. Τаκ, наπρшνϊеρ, ποмимο бοлее высοκοж меχанжчесκοй ж χимичесκοй сτοйκοсτи, τаκие οπτичесκие πρибορы κаκ οчκи, бинοκлж, φοτοаππаρаτы οθладаюτ οο- лее высοκшνϊ οπτичесκжм ρазρешением в сжлу высοκοй προзρачнοсτж
- 4 - линз из исκуссτвеннοгο лейκοсаπφжρа, сπеκτροмеτρы с τаκοй οнτж- κοй χаρаκτеρжзуюτся бοльшей унжвеρсальнοсτью, τаκ κаκ имеюτ όο- лее шиροκий джаπазοн οπτичесκοгο προπуοκания, наκοнец, οκуляρы , и οόъеκτивы миκροсκοποв мοгуτ ρабοτаτь в бοлее высοκοτемπеρа- τуρнοй сρеде.
Εlagοdaρya bοlee vysοκzhm φzhzzhchesκzhm svοysτvam isκussτzennο- gο leyshsaπφiρa πο sρavneniyu with dρuτimi maτeρialami, naπρzhmeρ, sτeκlοm κvaρtsem Well, οπτichesκie πρibορy, izgοτοvlennye with isηοl- lenses zοvaniem of isκussτvennοgο leyκοsaπφzhρa, zhmeyuτ οοlee vysο- κzhe eκsπluaτatsiοnnye and ποτρebzhτelsκie svοysτva. Τaκ, naπρshνϊeρ, ποmimο bοlee vysοκοzh meχanzhchesκοy Well χimichesκοy sτοyκοsτi, τaκie οπτichesκie πρibορy κaκ οchκi, binοκlzh, φοτοaππaρaτy οθladayuτ οο- Lee vysοκshνϊ οπτichesκzhm ρazρesheniem in szhlu vysοκοy προzρachnοsτzh - 4 - of the lens isκussτvennοgο leyκοsaπφzhρa, sπeκτροmeτρy with τaκοy οnτzh- κοy χaρaκτeρzhzuyuτsya bοlshey unzhveρsalnοsτyu, τaκ κaκ imeyuτ όο- Lee shiροκy dzhaπazοn οπτichesκοgο προπuοκaniya, naκοnets, οκulyaρy and οόeκτivy miκροsκοποv mοguτ ρabοτaτ in bοlee vysοκοτemπeρa- τuρnοy sρede.
Claims
1. ╨í╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╕╨╢ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü╨░, ╤ü╬┐╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨░- ╤ë╨╢╨╣ ╤ü╬┐╨▒╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐ ╧ä╨╡╨╗╬┐ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░ ╤ü ╧Ç╬┐╨▓╨╡╧ü╧ç╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╤Å╨╝╨╕ ╧ü╨░╨╖╨╗╨╕╤ç╨╜╬┐╨╢ ╤ü╧ä╨╡╧Ç╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╬║╧ü╨╕╨▓╨╕╨╖╨╜╤ï, ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨╕╨╖ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨╖╧ü╨░╤ç╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨░╧ä╨╡╧ü╨╕╨░╨╗╨░, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╢- ╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨╖╧ü╨░╤ç╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨░╧ä╨╡╧ü╨╕╨░╨╗╨░ ╨▓╨╖╤Å╧ä ╨╢╤ü╬║╤â╤ü╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╢ ╨╗╨╡╨╣╬║╬┐╤ü╨░╧Ç╧å╨╕╧ü.1. ╨í╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╕╨╢ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä ╬┐╧Ç ╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü╨░, ╤ü╬┐╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨░- ╤ë ╨╢╨╣ ╤ü╬┐╨▒╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐ ╧ä╨╡╨╗╬┐ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░ ╤ü ╧Ç╬┐╨▓╨╡╧ü╧ç╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╤Å╨╝╨╕ ╧ü╨░╨╖╨╗╨╕╤ç╨╜╬┐╨╢ ╤ü╧ä╨╡ ╧Ç╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╬║╧ü╨╕╨▓╨╕╨╖╨╜╤ï, ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨╕╨ ╖ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨╖╧ü╨░╤ç╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨░╧ä╨╡╧ ü╨╕╨░╨╗╨░, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╢- ╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣╤╨╢╨╣╤╤╤ ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨╖╧ü╨░╤ç╨╜ ╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨░╧ä╨╡╧ü╨╕╨░╨╗╨░ ╨▓╨╖╤Å╧ä ╨╢╤ü╬║╤â╤ü╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╢ ╨╗╨╡╨╣╬║╬┐╤ü╨░╧Ç╧å╨╕╧ü.
2. ╨í╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╢╨╕ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╝ ╨╗╨╕╨╜╨╖╤ï.2. ╨í╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╢╨╕ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤l╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╝ ╨╗╨╕╨╜╨ ╖╤ï.
3. ╨í╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╢╨╣ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╝ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨╖╤ê.3. ╨í╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╢╨╣ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤l╨╕╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╝ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨ ╖╤ê.
4. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╨╕╨╖╨│╬┐╧ä╬┐╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╬╣╨│╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╡╨│╬┐ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü- ╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü╨░, ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╖╨░╨│╬┐╧ä╬┐╨▓╬║╨╢ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░, ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕- ╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╤â╤Ä ╬┐╨▒╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╧ä╬║╤â ╨╖╨░╨│╬┐╧ä╬┐╨▓╬║╨╕ ╤ü ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╨╗╨╡╨┤╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╝ ╤ê╨╗╨╢╧å╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╕╧ü╬┐- ╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨╖╨░╨│╬┐╧ä╬┐╨▓╬║╤â ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╝╨╡╧ä╬┐- ╨┤╬┐╨╝ ╨│╬┐╧ü╨╕╨╖╬┐╨╜╧ä╨░╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐ ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╢ ╬║╧ü╨╢╤ü╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨╢╨╖╨░╤å╨╢╨╢, ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣ ╨╖╨░- ╨│╧ü╤â╨╖╬║╤â ╤ê╨╕╧ç╧ä╤ï, ╤ü╬┐╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨░╤ë╨╡╨╣ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╧ä╬┐╧ü╬┐╬┐╬║╨╕╤ü╤î ╨░╨╗╤Ä╨╝╨╕╨╜╨╢╤Å, ╨▓ ╬║╬┐╨╜╧ä╨╡╨╣╨╜╨╡╧ü ╨╕╨╖ ╧ä╤â╧ä╬┐╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨╡╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░, ╨╜╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨▓ ╨╡╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╢╨╡ 3-5 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨┤╬┐ ╧ä╨╡╨╝- ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï ╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨▓ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╬┐╤Å ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡ , ╨▓╤ï╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╬║╤â ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╤ì╧ä╬┐╨╣ ╧ä╨╡╨╝╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░- ╧ä╤â╧ü╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ 20-24 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨╕ ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ 4-6 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨┤╬┐ ╬║╬┐╨╝╨╜╨░╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╧ä╨╡╧è╬╜╧è╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï.4. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╨╕╨╖╨│╬┐╧ä╬┐╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╬╣ ╨│╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╡╨│╬┐ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░ ╬┐╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡ ╤ü- ╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü╨░, ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╬┐ ╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╖╨░╨│╬┐╧ä╬┐╨▓╬║╨╢ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╨░, ╨ ╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕- ╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╤â╤Ä ╬┐╨▒╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╧ä╬║╤â ╨╖╨░╨│╬┐ ╧ä╬┐╨▓╬║╨╕ ╤ü ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╨╗╨╡╨┤╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╝ ╤ê╨╗╨╢╧å╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜ ╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╕╧ü╬┐- ╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä ╨╕╨╢╤╨╕╨╢╤╨╕╨╢╤╤ ╧╧╨╡╨╝, ╤╤╧╧╬┐ ╨╖╨░╨│╬┐╧╨╖╨░╨│╬┐╧╬┐╨▓╬║╤╤ ╤╤╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡ ╨╜╧ä╨░ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╝╨╡╧ä╬┐- ╨┤╬┐╨╝ ╨│╬┐╧ü╨╕╨╖╬┐╨ ╜╧ä╨░╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐ ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╢ ╬║╧ü╨╢╤ü╧ä╨░╨ ╗╨╗╨╢╨╖╨░╤å╨╢╨╢, ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣ ╨╖╨░- ╨│╧ü╤â╨╖╬ ║╤â ╤ê╨╕╧ç╧ä╤ï, ╤ü╬┐╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨░╤ë╨╡╨╣ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╧ä╬┐╧ü╬┐ ╬┐╬║╨╕╤ü╤î ╨░╨╗╤Ä╨╝╨╕╨╜╨╢╤Å, ╨▓ ╬║╬┐╨╜╧ä╨╡╨╣╨╜╨╡╧ü ╨╕╨ ╖ ╧ä╤â╧ä╬┐╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨╡╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░, ╨╜╨░╨│╧ü ╨╡╨▓ ╨╡╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╢╨╡ 3-5 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨┤╬┐ ╧ä╨╡╨╝- ╧Ç ╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï ╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨▓ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╬┐╤Å ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡, ╨▓╤ï╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╬║╤â ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╤ì╧ä╬┐╨╣ ╧ä╨╡╨╝╧Ç╨ ╡╧ü╨░- ╧ä╤â╧ü╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ 20-24 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨╕ ╬┐╧ç╨ ╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ 4-6 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨┤╬┐ ╬║ ╬┐╨╝╨╜╨░╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╧ä╨╡╧è╬╜╧è╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï.
5. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.4, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╧ä╤â╧ä╬┐- ╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╬║╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨╡╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╬║╬┐╨╜╧ä╨╡╨╣╨╜╨╡╧ü╨░ ╨▓╨╖╤Å╧ä ╨╝╬┐╨╗╨╕╨▒╨┤╨╡╨╜.5. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.4, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣╤╨╢╨╣╤╤╤ ╧ä╨ ╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╧ä╤â╧ä╬┐- ╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╬║╬┐╨ │╬┐ ╨╝╨╡╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╬║╬┐╨╜╧ä╨╡╨╣╨╜╨╡╧ü╨░ ╨▓╨╖╤Å╧ ä ╨╝╬┐╨╗╨╕╨▒╨┤╨╡╨╜.
6. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╧Ç.4 ╨╕ 5, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ï ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤î╨╖╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨▓╨░╬║╤â╤â╨╝.6. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╧Ç.4 ╨╕ 5, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╢╤ ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ï ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤î╨╖╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨▓╨░╬║╤â╤â╨╝.
7. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╧Ç. 4-6, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨╡╨┤ ╨╜╨░╨│╧ü╨╡- ╨▓╬┐╨╝ ╨╖ ╤ê╨╕╧ç╧ä╤â ╧Ç╬┐╨╝╨╡╤ë╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╖╨░╧ä╧ü╨░╨▓╬║╤â ╨╢╨╖ ╨╝╬┐╨╜╬┐╬║╧ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░ ╨╗╨╡╨╢╬║╬┐╤ü╨░╧Ç╧å╨╕╧ü╨░.7. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╧Ç. 4-6, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨╡╨ ┤ ╨╜╨░╨│╧ü╨╡- ╨▓╬┐╨╝ ╨╖ ╤ê╨╕╧ç╧ä╤â ╧Ç╬┐╨╝╨╡╤ë╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╖╨░ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨▓╬║╤â ╨╢╨╖ ╨╝╬┐╨╜╬┐╬║╧ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░ ╨╗╨╡╨╢╬║ ╬┐╤ü╨░╧Ç╧å╨╕╧ü╨░.
8. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╧Ç. 4-7, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╨╗╨╡ ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢- ╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╬┐╨╜╬┐╬║╧ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╬┐╧ä╨╢╨╢╨│.8. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╧Ç. 4-7, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╨╗╨ ╡ ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢- ╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╬┐╨╜ ╬┐╬║╧ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╬┐╧ä╨╢╨╢ ╨│.
9. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.8, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨╜╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨▓ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ 3-5 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨┤╬┐ 0,95 ╧ä╨╡╨╝╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï ╧Ç╨╗╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╢╤Å, ╨▓╤ï╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨╢╨▓╨░- ╤Ä╧ä ╬║╧ü╨╢╤ü╧ä╨░╨╗╨╗ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╢ ╧ä╨╡╤ê╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╢╨╡ 4-6 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨╕ ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨┤╬┐ ╬║╬┐╨╝╨╜╨░╧ä╨╜╬┐╧è ╧ä╨╡╨╝╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ 6-10 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓.9. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.8, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨ ╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨╜╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨▓ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜ ╨╕╨╡ 3-5 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨┤╬┐ 0.95 ╧ä╨╡╨╝╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï ╧Ç╨╗ ╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╢╤Å, ╨▓╤ï╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨╢╨▓╨░- ╤Ä╧ä ╬║╧ü╨╢╤ü╧ä╨░ ╨╗╨╗ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╢ ╧ä╨╡╤ê╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╨╡ ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╢╨╡ 4-6 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓ ╨╕ ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨ ┤╬┐ ╬║╬┐╨╝╨╜╨░╧ä╨╜╬┐╧è ╧ä╨╡╨╝╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤ï ╨▓ ╧ä╨╡╤ ç╨╡╨╜╨ ╕╨╡ 6-10 ╤ç╨░╤ü╬┐╨▓.
10. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╢ ╧Ç╧ü╨╢╨▒╬┐╧ü, ╤ü╬┐╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨░╤ë╨╕╨╢ ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╕╨╡ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜- ╧ä╤ï, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╢╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╬╣╤ë╧ç ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╬┐╨▓ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤î╨╖╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╤ï ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╢╨╡ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨│╨╗╨╡╨╜╧ä╤ï, ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╕╨╖ ╨╕╤ü╬║╤â╤ü╤ü╧ä- ╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╗╨╡╨╢╬║╬┐╤ü╨░╧Ç╧å╨╢╧ü╨░.10. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╢ ╧Ç╧ü╨╢╨▒╬┐╧ü, ╤ü╬┐╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╨░╤ ╨╕╨╢╨╕╨╢ ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╕╨╡ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜- ╧ä ╤ï, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╢╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡ ╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╬╣╤ë╧ç ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜ ╧ä╬┐╨▓ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤î╨╖╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╤ï ╤ü╨▓╨╡╧ä╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨▓╬┐ ╨┤╤Å╤ë╨╢╨╡ ╤ì╨╗╨╡╨│╨╗╨╡╨╜╧ä╤ï, ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨ ╡ ╨╕╨╖ ╨╕╤ü╬║╤â╤ü╤ü╧ä- ╨▓╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╗╨╡╨╢╬║╬┐╤ü╨░╧Ç ╧å╨ ╢╧ü╨░.
11. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╢╨╝ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.10, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬┐╤ç╬║╬┐╨▓. - 6 -11. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╢╨╝ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.10, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨ ╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬┐╤ç╬║╬┐╨▓. - 6 -
12. ╬ƒ╤ç╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬Ö, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜╨╕ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╤ï ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬║╬┐╧ü╧ü╨╕╨│╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╧ç ╬┐╤ç╬║╬┐╨▓.12. ╬ƒ╤ç╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬Ö, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤l╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡ ╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜╨╕ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╤ï ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╬║╬┐╧ü╧ ü╨╕╨│╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╧ç ╬┐╤ç╬║╬┐╨▓.
13. ╬ƒ╤ç╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╨ƒ, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜╨╕ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╤ï ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╤ï╧ç ╬┐╤ç╬║╬┐╨▓.13. ╬ƒ╤ç╬║╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╨ƒ, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╣╤╨╢╨╣╤╤╤ ╧ä╨╡╨╝ , ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜╨╕ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜╤ï ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ ä╨╜╤ï╧ç ╬┐╤ç╬║╬┐╨▓.
14. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.10, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╧å╬┐╧ä╬┐╨░╨│╤ê╨░╧ü╨░╧ä╨░.14. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.10, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨ ╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╧å╬┐╧ä╬┐╨░╨│╤ê╨░╧ü╨░╧ä╨░.
15. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╢╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬ƒ, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╢╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╨▒╨╕╨╜╬┐╬║╨╗╤Å.15. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╢╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬ƒ, ╬┐╧ä ╨╗╨╢╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨ ╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╨▒╨╕╨╜╬┐╬║╨╗╤Å.
16. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬ƒ, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╨╝╨╕╬║╧ü╬┐╤ü╬║╬┐╧Ç╨░.16. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬ƒ, ╬┐╧ä ╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╢╨╢╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨ ╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨▓╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╨╝╨╕╬║╧ü╬┐╤ü╬║╬┐╧Ç╨░.
17. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬ƒ, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╧è╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨╖╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╤ü╧Ç╨╡╬║╧ä╧ü╬┐╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░. 17. ╬ƒ╧Ç╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╬┐╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.╬Ö╬ƒ, ╬┐╧ä ╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤l╨╕╧è╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╬┐╨╜ ╨▓╤ï╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨ ╡╨╜ ╨▓ ╨╖╨╕╨┤╨╡ ╤ü╧Ç╨╡╬║╧ä╧ü╬┐╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░.
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| SU1345682A1 (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1991-04-15 | Предприятие П/Я Х-5476 | Method of producing single-crystal sapphire bands |
| JPH05313103A (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-26 | Miki:Kk | Glasses |
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| SU1345682A1 (en) * | 1986-01-02 | 1991-04-15 | Предприятие П/Я Х-5476 | Method of producing single-crystal sapphire bands |
| JPH05313103A (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-26 | Miki:Kk | Glasses |
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| "Vyraschivanie Monokristallov i Ikh Svoistva", SBORNIK NAUCHNYKH TRUDOV, No. 13, Kharkov, 1984, pages 24-25. * |
| G.V. POGAREV, "Justirovka Opticheskikh Priborov", Leningrad, MASHINOSTROENIE, 1968, page 5, claims 2, 3, 6, 8. * |
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