WO1999054763A1 - Procede de fabrication de fibres optiques - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de fibres optiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999054763A1
WO1999054763A1 PCT/US1999/007845 US9907845W WO9954763A1 WO 1999054763 A1 WO1999054763 A1 WO 1999054763A1 US 9907845 W US9907845 W US 9907845W WO 9954763 A1 WO9954763 A1 WO 9954763A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
refractive index
optical fiber
region
dispersion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/007845
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
George E. Berkey
Original Assignee
Corning Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corning Incorporated filed Critical Corning Incorporated
Priority to AU35525/99A priority Critical patent/AU3552599A/en
Priority to KR1020007011666A priority patent/KR20010042885A/ko
Priority to EP99917390A priority patent/EP1073920A1/fr
Priority to CA002326682A priority patent/CA2326682A1/fr
Priority to JP2000545051A priority patent/JP2002512172A/ja
Priority to BR9909523-8A priority patent/BR9909523A/pt
Publication of WO1999054763A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999054763A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02214—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating tailored to obtain the desired dispersion, e.g. dispersion shifted, dispersion flattened
    • G02B6/02219—Characterised by the wavelength dispersion properties in the silica low loss window around 1550 nm, i.e. S, C, L and U bands from 1460-1675 nm
    • G02B6/02228—Dispersion flattened fibres, i.e. having a low dispersion variation over an extended wavelength range
    • G02B6/02238—Low dispersion slope fibres
    • G02B6/02242—Low dispersion slope fibres having a dispersion slope <0.06 ps/km/nm2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/0253—Controlling or regulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
    • C03B37/02736—Means for supporting, rotating or feeding the tubes, rods, fibres or filaments to be drawn, e.g. fibre draw towers, preform alignment, butt-joining preforms or dummy parts during feeding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02214—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating tailored to obtain the desired dispersion, e.g. dispersion shifted, dispersion flattened
    • G02B6/02219—Characterised by the wavelength dispersion properties in the silica low loss window around 1550 nm, i.e. S, C, L and U bands from 1460-1675 nm
    • G02B6/02247—Dispersion varying along the longitudinal direction, e.g. dispersion managed fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03605—Highest refractive index not on central axis
    • G02B6/03611—Highest index adjacent to central axis region, e.g. annular core, coaxial ring, centreline depression affecting waveguiding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
    • G02B6/03644—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - + -
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/02—External structure or shape details
    • C03B2203/06—Axial perturbations, e.g. twist, by torsion, undulating, crimped
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
    • C03B2203/18—Axial perturbations, e.g. in refractive index or composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
    • C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
    • C03B2203/24—Single mode [SM or monomode]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
    • C03B2203/36—Dispersion modified fibres, e.g. wavelength or polarisation shifted, flattened or compensating fibres (DSF, DFF, DCF)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
    • C03B2205/40—Monitoring or regulating the draw tension or draw rate

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a method for making an optical fiber having optical properties that systematically vary along its length. This method is particularly useful for making dispersion managed (DM) single-mode optical waveguide fibers.
  • DM dispersion managed
  • One aspect of the present invention relates to an optical fiber having different diameters along its length, and a method of making such fiber.
  • the index of refraction profile of the optical fiber preform is selected so that, when the optical fiber preform is drawn into an optical fiber having such differing diameters along its length, the result is an optical fiber which varies along its longitudinal length (i.e., corresponding to the regions of differing diameters) between regions of negative and positive dispersion in the 1550 nm operating window, which preferably consists of the window between about 1480 and about 1625 nm.
  • the fiber also varies between regions of negative and positive dispersion slope along the length of the fiber in the 1550 nm operating window.
  • the regions of negative dispersion correspond to regions of negative dispersion slope and the regions of positive dispersion correspond to regions of positive dispersion slope.
  • different diameters it is meant that the difference in diameters between these alternating sections is sufficient to result in noticeably different dispersion properties along the length of the fiber.
  • the alternating segments have diameters which differ in magnitude by more than three (3), and more preferably more than five (5) microns.
  • any refractive index profile can be employed to produce a fiber having such varying negative and positive dispersion characteristics along its length.
  • standard single mode fiber changes dispersion very little with diameter, particularly at 1550 nm.
  • One preferred family of refractive index profiles which enables a fiber having the desired alternating dispersion characteristics, when drawn to differing diameters along its length, consists of a core region surrounded by a cladding region, wherein the core region comprises a central core region which is updoped with respect to said cladding region, said central core region surrounded by a moat region which is downdoped with respect to said cladding region, and said moat region is surrounded by an annular ring region which is updoped with respect to said cladding region.
  • Preferred fibers made in accordance in the present invention yield a net dispersion of less than 1.0 ps/nm-km at 1550 nm and a dispersion slope of less than .03 ps/nm 2 -km over the wavelength range 1480 to 1625 nm, more preferably a dispersion of .5 ps/nm-km and a dispersion slope of less than .01 ps/nm 2 -km over the wavelength range 1480 to 1625 nm, and the most preferable fibers made in accordance with the present invention exhibit a dispersion of less than .1 ps/nm-km at 1550 nm and a dispersion slope of less than .005 ps/nm 2 -km over the wavelength range 1480 to 1625 nm.
  • Modern feedback control loops can be used to control both downfeed rate and draw rate to control fiber diameters.
  • the fiber O.D. change is most quickly achieved by changing the tractor (fiber take-up) speed and thus the draw rate.
  • the diameter of the core of the fiber changes as the tractor speed changes, thereby enabling the transition region between different diameters to be kept relatively short.
  • the fiber is drawn so that the segments of different diameters differ in magnitude of outside fiber diameter by greater than 3 microns, more preferably greater than 5 microns, and most preferably greater than 10 microns measured at the outside diameter of the fiber.
  • the fiber is preferably alternates between sections which are between 100 m and 3 km in length, and more preferably the alternating sections are least 250 m in length and less than 2 km
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a first profile for use in making an optical fibers whose dispersion characteristics vary between negative and positive along its length in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a second index of refraction profile which can be used to make a fiber having varying dispersion characteristics along its length in accordance with the present invention.
  • a glass optical fiber preform is manufactured which has an index of refraction profile sufficient so that, when the fiber is drawn into an optical fiber having the different diameters along its length, the result is an optical fiber which also varies along its longitudinal length (i.e., corresponding to the regions of differing diameters) between regions of negative and positive dispersion and also between regions of negative and positive dispersion slope in the 1550 nm operating window, which preferably consists of the window between 1480 and 1625 nm.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 Such a core refractive index profile is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the index of refraction of the cladding corresponds to zero on the Y- axis.
  • Both of the profiles illiustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 exhibit an updoped centeriine core region which is surrounded by a moat and updoped annular ring.
  • the moat between the centeriine region and the annular ring preferably is downdoped with respect to the cladding.
  • An optional updoped annular ring may also be employed. In some preferred embodiments
  • the annular ring exhibits a delta percent which is between +.10 and +.8.
  • the central core has a delta percent of about +.85, a depressed moat of - .4 delta percent, and an annular ring surrounding the depressed moat which has a delta percent of about 4.1 percent.
  • the radii of the three segments is preferably selected so that, if the radius of the first centeriine up-doped segment is taken to be a, the radius of the moat section taken to be b, then b/a preferably is between about 1.5 to 3.0, more preferably between about 2 and 2.5. If the outer radius of the optional annular ring is c, then c/a is preferably between about 2.5 and 3.0.
  • the profiles disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 meet these radius limitations and also comprise a central core region having a delta percent between about +.7 to 1.0, a depressed moat core region in the range of -.25 to -.5 percent delta, and an annular ring surrounding the depressed moat in the range of about +.2 to +.8 percent.
  • Such refractive index profiles can be made using any of the techniques known in the art, and preferably are made using a chemical vapor deposition technique such as the outside vapor deposition (OVD) process, the vapor axial deposition (VAD) process, or the inside vapor (MCVD) deposition process.
  • OLED outside vapor deposition
  • VAD vapor axial deposition
  • MCVD inside vapor
  • Conventional dopant materials can be used for the doping of the silica, e.g., germania can be used for updoping and fluorine can be used for downdoping.
  • the difference in diameters between these alternating sections is sufficient to result in noticeably different properties along the length of the fiber.
  • the different diameters may be separated by a difference of more than three (3), more preferably more than five (5) microns.
  • the core profile illustrated in Fig. 1 has dispersion properties that are very sensitive to core diameter. Normally this is considered a bad attribute as fiber manufacturers would normally prefer a wide core diameter tolerance in order to facilitate control of the manufacturing process to produce higher yields. Yet, we have found that, by employing the methods of the present invention, the sensitivity of the profile shown in Fig. 1 can be used advantageously to achieve dispersion management by simply drawing the preform blank to different outside fiber diameters.
  • Table 1 Set forth below in Table 1 are the dispersion properties at 1550 nm for a fiber drawn, in accordance with the invention, from an optical fiber preform having the refractive index illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • the Fig. 1 profile is remarkable for its symmetry of substantially matching both the dispersion and dispersion slopes when the core is drawn at different diameters.
  • Table I by drawing the optional fiber preform having the index of refraction illustrated in Fig. 1 into a fiber whose outside diameters alternated between 115 and 133.5 microns, one can achieve near zero net dispersion with very low slope over the length of the fibers.
  • Table II shows the dispersion properties for a 14 km section of fiber alternately drawn as described above, i.e., into a fiber whose outside diameter alternated between 115 and 133.5 microns (i.e., a difference in diameter between alternating adjacent sections which is greater than 10 microns) every 500 meters.
  • segment lengths need not be of equal length to best compensate the dispersion of various profiles, and instead these lengths can be varied according to the dispsersion characteristics of the .Because the fiber is drawn to have varying outside diameters, the physical core of the fiber will also likewise have varying diameters.
  • the net total dispersion of the resultant fiber is -.17 ps/nm-km at 1550 with a slope of about -.00158 ps/nm 2 -km over the wavelength range 1480 to 1625 nm. Also important is the fact that the zero dispersion wavelength is in all cases outside the 1500 to 1700 nm range.
  • the fiber illustrated with reference to Table II also exhibited a mode field diameter of about 25.5 microns, and a zero dispersion wavelength of about 1440.68.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une fibre optique et un procédé de fabrication de celle-ci. Cette fibre présente des régions de diamètre différent alternées sur sa longueur. On choisit l'indice de réfraction de la préforme et les diamètres de la fibre de manière à obtenir une fibre présentant des sections à dispersion positive et négative à une longueur d'ondes supérieure à 1480 nm, mais dont la dispersion totale et la pente sont de préférence faibles. Une version préférée de ce type de profil comprend une région coeur entourée d'une région gaine. La région coeur est composée d'une région centrale dont le coefficient de dopage est plus élevé que celui de la gaine, ce coeur étant en outre entouré d'une région douve présentant un coefficient de dopage inférieur à celui de la gaine. La région douve est entourée d'une région annulaire présentant un coefficient de dopage supérieur à celui de la gaine.
PCT/US1999/007845 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 Procede de fabrication de fibres optiques WO1999054763A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU35525/99A AU3552599A (en) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 Method of making optical fibers
KR1020007011666A KR20010042885A (ko) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 광섬유의 제조방법
EP99917390A EP1073920A1 (fr) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 Procede de fabrication de fibres optiques
CA002326682A CA2326682A1 (fr) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 Procede de fabrication de fibres optiques
JP2000545051A JP2002512172A (ja) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 光ファイバの製造方法
BR9909523-8A BR9909523A (pt) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 Método para produção de fibras óticas

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8269998P 1998-04-22 1998-04-22
US60/082,699 1998-04-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999054763A1 true WO1999054763A1 (fr) 1999-10-28

Family

ID=22172851

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/007845 WO1999054763A1 (fr) 1998-04-22 1999-04-09 Procede de fabrication de fibres optiques

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1073920A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002512172A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010042885A (fr)
CN (1) CN1300375A (fr)
AU (1) AU3552599A (fr)
BR (1) BR9909523A (fr)
CA (1) CA2326682A1 (fr)
ID (1) ID29266A (fr)
TW (1) TW417026B (fr)
WO (1) WO1999054763A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA992622B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001042835A1 (fr) * 1999-12-13 2001-06-14 Corning Incorporated Fibre optique a dispersion controlee et preforme et procede de fabrication de la preforme
EP1134199A1 (fr) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-19 Alcatel Procédé de fabrication d'une fibre optique à dispersion chromatique variable et fibre obtenue par le procédé
FR2809386A1 (fr) * 2000-05-25 2001-11-30 Cit Alcatel Procede de fabrication d'une fibre optique avec controle des caracteristiques de transmission

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4073806B2 (ja) * 2002-08-09 2008-04-09 株式会社フジクラ 光ファイバ及び該光ファイバを用いた光伝送路
CN110699776B (zh) * 2019-09-04 2022-03-15 苏州大学 聚合物光纤及发光织物

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5267339A (en) * 1991-06-11 1993-11-30 Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber having a core with a repeatedly changing constitutional parameter
US5553185A (en) * 1994-12-27 1996-09-03 Corning Incorporated Controlled dispersion optical waveguide
US5613028A (en) * 1995-08-10 1997-03-18 Corning Incorporated Control of dispersion in an optical waveguide
US5848215A (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-12-08 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Stimulated brillouin scattering suppressed optical fiber
US5887105A (en) * 1997-04-28 1999-03-23 Corning Incorporated Dispersion managed optical fiber

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5267339A (en) * 1991-06-11 1993-11-30 Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber having a core with a repeatedly changing constitutional parameter
US5553185A (en) * 1994-12-27 1996-09-03 Corning Incorporated Controlled dispersion optical waveguide
US5613028A (en) * 1995-08-10 1997-03-18 Corning Incorporated Control of dispersion in an optical waveguide
US5848215A (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-12-08 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Stimulated brillouin scattering suppressed optical fiber
US5887105A (en) * 1997-04-28 1999-03-23 Corning Incorporated Dispersion managed optical fiber

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001042835A1 (fr) * 1999-12-13 2001-06-14 Corning Incorporated Fibre optique a dispersion controlee et preforme et procede de fabrication de la preforme
US6389207B1 (en) 1999-12-13 2002-05-14 Corning Incorporated Dispersion managed fiber
EP1134199A1 (fr) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-19 Alcatel Procédé de fabrication d'une fibre optique à dispersion chromatique variable et fibre obtenue par le procédé
FR2809386A1 (fr) * 2000-05-25 2001-11-30 Cit Alcatel Procede de fabrication d'une fibre optique avec controle des caracteristiques de transmission
EP1160211A1 (fr) * 2000-05-25 2001-12-05 Alcatel Procédé de fabrication d'une fibre optique avec contrôle des caractéristiques de transmission
US6910351B2 (en) 2000-05-25 2005-06-28 Alcatel Method of fabricating an optical fiber with controlled transmission characteristics

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW417026B (en) 2001-01-01
CN1300375A (zh) 2001-06-20
ZA992622B (en) 1999-10-08
ID29266A (id) 2001-08-16
BR9909523A (pt) 2000-12-12
JP2002512172A (ja) 2002-04-23
KR20010042885A (ko) 2001-05-25
EP1073920A1 (fr) 2001-02-07
CA2326682A1 (fr) 1999-10-28
AU3552599A (en) 1999-11-08

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