WO1999048660A1 - A composite panel and a method for making the same - Google Patents

A composite panel and a method for making the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999048660A1
WO1999048660A1 PCT/DK1999/000164 DK9900164W WO9948660A1 WO 1999048660 A1 WO1999048660 A1 WO 1999048660A1 DK 9900164 W DK9900164 W DK 9900164W WO 9948660 A1 WO9948660 A1 WO 9948660A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibre
board
composite panel
openings
fibre board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1999/000164
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ohlsen Henrik Almegaard
Original Assignee
Sis International A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sis International A/S filed Critical Sis International A/S
Priority to AU28275/99A priority Critical patent/AU2827599A/en
Publication of WO1999048660A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999048660A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • B27N7/005—Coating boards, e.g. with a finishing or decorating layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for making a composite panel of the type comprising a board made from a fibre material and a cover sheet or plate fastened to one or more side surfaces of the board.
  • a composite panel consisting of a solid board made from wooden particles and having one or more side surfaces covered by a cover sheet or plate made from veneer or plastics material are well known.
  • the present invention provides a method for making a composite panel of this type allowing a substantial reduction of the total weight of the panel without substantially diminishing the panel strength.
  • the present invention provides a method for making a composite panel, said method comprising pressure moulding a cellulose fibre mass so as to form a fibre board defining a plurality of through openings or open cavities therein, covering at least one side surface of the fibre board with a cover sheet or plate, and connecting the cover sheet or plate to the side surface of the fibre board.
  • the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board substantially reduce the amount of cellulose fibre mass needed for producing the board and also substantially reduce the total weight of the composite panel.
  • the openings or cavities may be shaped and arranged in a pattern such that they do not to any substantial extent reduce the strength of the composite panel.
  • the cellulose fibre mass may be mixed with any suitable type of adhesive or binding material, such as a resinous material, so that the fibre mass may be formed into a coherent strong body during the pressure moulding process.
  • the fibre mass may be made from any suitable plant material, such as straw.
  • cellulose fibre mass is a wooden fibre mass, and such mass is preferably formed into a medium density fibre board, which is well known as an mdf fibre board.
  • the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board may have any suitable shape and may be arranged in any suitable pattern imparting a sufficient strength to the fibre 2
  • the openings or cavities in the fibre board may be shaped and arranged so as to form a grid-like structure.
  • This grid-like structure may advantageously be formed by ribs or fins extending uninterrupted and preferably substantially linearly in the plane of the fibre board.
  • each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board may have a triangular, a quadrangular, or a hexagonal outline.
  • a composite panel made by the method according to the invention may be formed for use as a table top or a similar supporting plate.
  • table top is usually supported by legs or a frame part at least at three mutually spaced supporting points.
  • the triangular outline of the openings or cavities is preferred, while cavities or openings with a quadrangular outline may be used when the table top is supported at least at four mutually spaced supporting points.
  • At least the side surface or surfaces of the composite panel being visible during normal use may be provided with a cover sheet or plate whereby openings or cavities in such surfaces are being covered.
  • This may, however, also be obtained by arranging a pair of fibre boards each having open cavities formed in a first side surface thereof with said first side surfaces in abutting engagement and by interconnecting said first side surfaces, the cover sheet or plate being connected to at least one second side surface opposite to one of said first side surfaces. In this manner the open cavities formed in the boards are converted into inner, closed cavities in the combined boards.
  • the cover sheet or plate may be made from any suitable conventional material having desired surface characteristics, such as veneer or plastics material.
  • the present invention also provides a composite panel comprising a board made from pressure moulded cellulose fibres and having a plurality of cavities formed therein, and cover sheet or plate being bonded to at least one side surface of the board, which is preferably a medium density fibre board.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a part of a mould for moulding a fibre board
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a composite panel comprising a fibre board of the type formed in the mould shown in Fig. 1 , 3
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plane view of a fibre board with an array of triangular cavities
  • Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plane view of a fibre board having quadrangular cavities formed therein
  • Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plane view of fibre board having openings or cavities with an hexagonal outline
  • Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view of a laminate comprising a pair of inner fibre boards and a pair of opposite outer cover plates or sheets.
  • Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates pressure moulding of a mass 10 of the type conventionally used for making mdf (medium density fibers) boards.
  • the mass 1 0 is pressure moulded in a mould 1 1 having a lower mould part 1 2 and an upper mould part 1 3.
  • the mould parts 1 2 and 1 3 may be moved vertically in relation to each other between an open position (not shown) and a closed position which is shown in Fig. 1 .
  • a suitable amount of the mass 10 may be feed to and distributed on the upper surface of the lower mould part 1 2 while the mould 1 1 is in its open position. Thereafter the mould parts 1 2 and 1 3 may be moved towards each other so as to pressure mould the mass 10 into an mdf board.
  • a plurality of projections 1 5 arranged in a predetermined array extend from the upper surface of the upper form part 1 2 for forming an array of open cavities 1 6 in the adjacent surface of the fibre board 1 7 being moulded.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a fibre board which may be formed in a mould as that illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the fibre board 1 7 defines a plane side surface 1 8 which has been covered by a thin cover sheet or plate 1 9 which may, for example, be made from veneer or plastic material having desired surface characteristics.
  • the cover sheet 1 9 may be bonded to the fibre board 17 by a suitable adhesive or glue.
  • the laminate or composite panel 20 thus formed may be used as a table top, and if desired also the lower surface of the table top 20 in which the cavities 1 6 are formed may be covered by a cover plate or sheet, not shown.
  • the opening of the cavities 1 6 may have any desired outline and may be arranged so as to form any desired pattern.
  • Figs. 3-4 illustrate examples of such contours and arrays.
  • the openings of the cavities 1 6 have a contour substantially defining an equilateral triangle, and the sides of each triangular opening is defined by fins or 4
  • the fins of ribs 22 form a square grid defining square openings of the cavities 1 6 therebetween.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment having fins or ribs 23 which define hexagonal openings of the cavities 16.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a laminate or a composite panel 24 comprising a pair of fibre board 1 7 of the type shown in Fig. 5 and a pair of cover sheets or plates forming the outer surfaces of the laminate.
  • the side surfaces of the fibre boards having the cavities 1 6 formed therein are arranged in abutting engagement and interconnected by an adhesive or a glue such that the open cavities 1 6 of the board 1 7 together defines closed cavities or cells 26 within the laminate.
  • the outer cover sheets or plates 25 may, for example, be made from veneer or plastics material or any other material having the desired surface characteristics.
  • the composite panel or laminate 24 shown in Fig. 6 has a substantially reduced weight while the strength of the panel has not been reduced substantially compared with a similar solid panel.
  • a panel of this type may, for example, be used for table tops, doors, and the like.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A composite panel (20), especially for use as a table top, is made by pressure moulding a cellulose fibre mass (10) so as to form a fibre board (17) having a plurality of through openings or open cavities (16) formed therein. At least one side surface (18) of the fibre board (17) is covered with a cover sheet or plate (19), which is connected to the fibre board. The cellulose fibre mass is preferably a wooden fibre mass, and the fibre board is preferably a medium density fibre (mdf) board.

Description

1
A composite panel and a method for making the same
The present invention relates to a method for making a composite panel of the type comprising a board made from a fibre material and a cover sheet or plate fastened to one or more side surfaces of the board. Such composite panel consisting of a solid board made from wooden particles and having one or more side surfaces covered by a cover sheet or plate made from veneer or plastics material are well known.
The present invention provides a method for making a composite panel of this type allowing a substantial reduction of the total weight of the panel without substantially diminishing the panel strength. Thus, the present invention provides a method for making a composite panel, said method comprising pressure moulding a cellulose fibre mass so as to form a fibre board defining a plurality of through openings or open cavities therein, covering at least one side surface of the fibre board with a cover sheet or plate, and connecting the cover sheet or plate to the side surface of the fibre board.
The openings or cavities formed in the fibre board substantially reduce the amount of cellulose fibre mass needed for producing the board and also substantially reduce the total weight of the composite panel. The openings or cavities may be shaped and arranged in a pattern such that they do not to any substantial extent reduce the strength of the composite panel.
The cellulose fibre mass may be mixed with any suitable type of adhesive or binding material, such as a resinous material, so that the fibre mass may be formed into a coherent strong body during the pressure moulding process.
The fibre mass may be made from any suitable plant material, such as straw. Preferably, however, cellulose fibre mass is a wooden fibre mass, and such mass is preferably formed into a medium density fibre board, which is well known as an mdf fibre board.
The openings or cavities formed in the fibre board may have any suitable shape and may be arranged in any suitable pattern imparting a sufficient strength to the fibre 2
board. Thus, the openings or cavities in the fibre board may be shaped and arranged so as to form a grid-like structure. This grid-like structure may advantageously be formed by ribs or fins extending uninterrupted and preferably substantially linearly in the plane of the fibre board. As an example, each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board may have a triangular, a quadrangular, or a hexagonal outline.
A composite panel made by the method according to the invention may be formed for use as a table top or a similar supporting plate. Such table top is usually supported by legs or a frame part at least at three mutually spaced supporting points. In the case of only three supporting points, the triangular outline of the openings or cavities is preferred, while cavities or openings with a quadrangular outline may be used when the table top is supported at least at four mutually spaced supporting points.
At least the side surface or surfaces of the composite panel being visible during normal use may be provided with a cover sheet or plate whereby openings or cavities in such surfaces are being covered. This may, however, also be obtained by arranging a pair of fibre boards each having open cavities formed in a first side surface thereof with said first side surfaces in abutting engagement and by interconnecting said first side surfaces, the cover sheet or plate being connected to at least one second side surface opposite to one of said first side surfaces. In this manner the open cavities formed in the boards are converted into inner, closed cavities in the combined boards.
The cover sheet or plate may be made from any suitable conventional material having desired surface characteristics, such as veneer or plastics material.
The present invention also provides a composite panel comprising a board made from pressure moulded cellulose fibres and having a plurality of cavities formed therein, and cover sheet or plate being bonded to at least one side surface of the board, which is preferably a medium density fibre board.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a part of a mould for moulding a fibre board, Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a composite panel comprising a fibre board of the type formed in the mould shown in Fig. 1 , 3
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plane view of a fibre board with an array of triangular cavities, Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plane view of a fibre board having quadrangular cavities formed therein,
Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plane view of fibre board having openings or cavities with an hexagonal outline, and
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view of a laminate comprising a pair of inner fibre boards and a pair of opposite outer cover plates or sheets.
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates pressure moulding of a mass 10 of the type conventionally used for making mdf (medium density fibers) boards. The mass 1 0 is pressure moulded in a mould 1 1 having a lower mould part 1 2 and an upper mould part 1 3. As indicated by an arrow 14 the mould parts 1 2 and 1 3 may be moved vertically in relation to each other between an open position (not shown) and a closed position which is shown in Fig. 1 . A suitable amount of the mass 10 may be feed to and distributed on the upper surface of the lower mould part 1 2 while the mould 1 1 is in its open position. Thereafter the mould parts 1 2 and 1 3 may be moved towards each other so as to pressure mould the mass 10 into an mdf board. As shown in Fig. 1 a plurality of projections 1 5 arranged in a predetermined array extend from the upper surface of the upper form part 1 2 for forming an array of open cavities 1 6 in the adjacent surface of the fibre board 1 7 being moulded.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a fibre board which may be formed in a mould as that illustrated in Fig. 1 . The fibre board 1 7 defines a plane side surface 1 8 which has been covered by a thin cover sheet or plate 1 9 which may, for example, be made from veneer or plastic material having desired surface characteristics. The cover sheet 1 9 may be bonded to the fibre board 17 by a suitable adhesive or glue. The laminate or composite panel 20 thus formed may be used as a table top, and if desired also the lower surface of the table top 20 in which the cavities 1 6 are formed may be covered by a cover plate or sheet, not shown.
The opening of the cavities 1 6 may have any desired outline and may be arranged so as to form any desired pattern. Figs. 3-4 illustrate examples of such contours and arrays. In Fig. 3 the openings of the cavities 1 6 have a contour substantially defining an equilateral triangle, and the sides of each triangular opening is defined by fins or 4
ribs 21 extending substantially rectilinear across the respective side surface of the board 1 7.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 the fins of ribs 22 form a square grid defining square openings of the cavities 1 6 therebetween.
Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment having fins or ribs 23 which define hexagonal openings of the cavities 16. Fig. 6 illustrates a laminate or a composite panel 24 comprising a pair of fibre board 1 7 of the type shown in Fig. 5 and a pair of cover sheets or plates forming the outer surfaces of the laminate. The side surfaces of the fibre boards having the cavities 1 6 formed therein are arranged in abutting engagement and interconnected by an adhesive or a glue such that the open cavities 1 6 of the board 1 7 together defines closed cavities or cells 26 within the laminate. The outer cover sheets or plates 25 may, for example, be made from veneer or plastics material or any other material having the desired surface characteristics.
Because of the inner cavities or cells 26 the composite panel or laminate 24 shown in Fig. 6 has a substantially reduced weight while the strength of the panel has not been reduced substantially compared with a similar solid panel. A panel of this type may, for example, be used for table tops, doors, and the like.

Claims

5CLAIMS
1 . A method for making a composite panel, said method comprising pressure moulding a cellulose fibre mass so as to form a fibre board defining a plurality of through openings or open cavities therein, covering at least one side surface of the fibre board with a cover sheet or plate, and connecting the cover sheet or plate to the side surface of the fibre board.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the cellulose fibre mass is a wooden fibre mass.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibre board is a medium density fibre (mdf) board.
4. A method according to any of the claims 1 -3, wherein the openings or cavities in the fibre board are shaped and arranged so as to form a grid-like structure.
5. A method according to any of the claims 1 -4, wherein each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board has a triangular outline.
6. A method according to any of the claims 1 -4, wherein each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board has a quadrangular outline.
7. A method according to any of the claims 1 -4, wherein each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board has a hexagonal outline.
8. A method according to any of the claims 1 -7, a pair of fibre boards each having open cavities formed in a first side surface thereof are arranged with said first side surfaces in abutting engagement, and interconnecting said first side surfaces, the cover sheet or plate being connected to at least one second side surface opposite to one of said first side surfaces. 6
9. A method according to any of the claims 1 -8, wherein all outer surface parts of the fibre board are covered by cover sheets or plates.
10. A method according to any of the claims 1 -9, wherein said cover sheet or plate is made from veneer or plastics material.
1 1 . A composite panel comprising a board made from pressure moulded cellulose fibers and having a plurality of cavities formed therein, and a cover sheet or plate being bonded to at least one side surface of the board.
1 2. A composite panel according to claim 1 1 , wherein the board is a medium density fibre (mdf) board.
13. A composite panel according to claim 1 1 or 1 2, wherein the openings in the fibre board are shaped and arranged so as to form a grid-like structure.
14. A composite panel according to any of the claims 1 1 -1 3, wherein each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board has a triangular outline.
1 5. A composite panel according to any of the claims 1 1 -1 3, wherein each of the openings or cavities in the fibre board has a quadrangular outline.
1 6. A composite panel according to any of the claims 1 1 -1 3, wherein each of the openings or cavities formed in the fibre board has a hexagonal outline.
1 7. A composite panel according to any of the claims 1 1 -1 6, wherein a pair of fibre boards each having open cavities formed in a first side surface thereof are interconnected with said first side surfaces in abutting engagement, the cover sheet or plate being connected to at least one second side surface opposite to one of said first side surfaces.
1 8. A composite panel according to any of the claims 1 1 -1 7, wherein all outer surface, parts of the fibre board are covered by cover sheets or plates. 7
19. A composite panel according to any of the claims 1 1 -18, wherein said cover sheet or plate is made from veneer or plastics material.
PCT/DK1999/000164 1998-03-25 1999-03-24 A composite panel and a method for making the same WO1999048660A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU28275/99A AU2827599A (en) 1998-03-25 1999-03-24 A composite panel and a method for making the same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK0423/98 1998-03-25
DK42398 1998-03-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999048660A1 true WO1999048660A1 (en) 1999-09-30

Family

ID=8093362

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1999/000164 WO1999048660A1 (en) 1998-03-25 1999-03-24 A composite panel and a method for making the same

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2827599A (en)
WO (1) WO1999048660A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2176045A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2010-04-21 Swedwood International AB Method for manufacturing a wood-based furniture component comprising an integral spacer
WO2011138604A1 (en) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-10 Phillips/Hurding Gbr Products utilising fibre and/or fibre pulp
EP2452792A1 (en) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-16 Luigi Frati S.p.A. Panel and method for manufacturing panels
IT202000001261A1 (en) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-23 Giorgio Re LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4702870A (en) * 1986-05-20 1987-10-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Method and apparatus for forming three dimensional structural components from wood fiber
FR2673139A1 (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-08-28 Promo Brevet Borg Sarl Press manufacture of cellular panels made of fibreboard and cement, for boards (pallets) and for multiple uses
US5277854A (en) * 1991-06-06 1994-01-11 Hunt John F Methods and apparatus for making grids from fibers
US5314654A (en) * 1991-03-25 1994-05-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Method for forming structural components from dry wood fiber furnish
WO1997019225A1 (en) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-29 Gridcore Systems International Molded panels with integrally molded open cell grids

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4702870A (en) * 1986-05-20 1987-10-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Method and apparatus for forming three dimensional structural components from wood fiber
FR2673139A1 (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-08-28 Promo Brevet Borg Sarl Press manufacture of cellular panels made of fibreboard and cement, for boards (pallets) and for multiple uses
US5314654A (en) * 1991-03-25 1994-05-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Method for forming structural components from dry wood fiber furnish
US5277854A (en) * 1991-06-06 1994-01-11 Hunt John F Methods and apparatus for making grids from fibers
WO1997019225A1 (en) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-29 Gridcore Systems International Molded panels with integrally molded open cell grids

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2176045A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2010-04-21 Swedwood International AB Method for manufacturing a wood-based furniture component comprising an integral spacer
EP2176045A4 (en) * 2007-08-01 2010-08-11 Swedwood Internat Ab Method for manufacturing a wood-based furniture component comprising an integral spacer
WO2011138604A1 (en) * 2010-05-05 2011-11-10 Phillips/Hurding Gbr Products utilising fibre and/or fibre pulp
EP2452792A1 (en) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-16 Luigi Frati S.p.A. Panel and method for manufacturing panels
IT202000001261A1 (en) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-23 Giorgio Re LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2827599A (en) 1999-10-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5766774A (en) Molded core component
US8590273B2 (en) Method of making multi-ply door core, multi-ply door core, and door manufactured therewith
CA2570866C (en) Dry-forming three-dimensional wood fiber webs
EP2322344B1 (en) Sandwich element
KR100858965B1 (en) Reverse molded panel
DE60205739T2 (en) DECORATIVE BASE OR CROWN BAR
US6200687B1 (en) Molded wood composites having improved horizontal contact nesting profile
US20130266772A1 (en) Three-dimensional wood fiber structural composites
US5876835A (en) Molded stressed-skin panels
US5900304A (en) Molded wood fiber web and structural panels made utilizing the fiber web
EP1319501A1 (en) Plate made from a planar core and connected bulbous parts and process of manufacturing such a plate
WO1999048660A1 (en) A composite panel and a method for making the same
US3616120A (en) Panel product
JP3255019B2 (en) Door
CN2307605Y (en) Light 'weiqi' chessboard structure
CN2071572U (en) Rice-husk and wheat-bran products formed in mould

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ CZ DE DE DK DK EE EE ES FI FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase