WO1999045747A1 - Electric heater - Google Patents
Electric heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999045747A1 WO1999045747A1 PCT/HU1999/000016 HU9900016W WO9945747A1 WO 1999045747 A1 WO1999045747 A1 WO 1999045747A1 HU 9900016 W HU9900016 W HU 9900016W WO 9945747 A1 WO9945747 A1 WO 9945747A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electric heater
- heating resistor
- wall
- resistor wire
- ceramic rings
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 240000000254 Agrostemma githago Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009899 Agrostemma githago Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/16—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
An electric heater is disclosed which comprises a heating resistor wire (15). The heating resistor wire (15) is made of iron or iron-based alloy of low resistivity, is arranged within a tubular double-wall housing, comprising an internal wall (1) and an external wall (7). The tubular double-wall housing is open at both ends, and is provided with a protective metal grid at the upper end. The heating resistor wire (15) is held by ceramic rings (24) fixed to a metal frame and is folded to sections in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular double-wall housing, along the periphery of the ceramic rings. The electric heater is provided with a control unit in the form of a separated thermostat built in its standard mains plug.
Description
Electric heater
The present invention relates to an electric heater, comprising a heating resistor wire, applied for heating flats, offices and any other rooms.
The main feature of usual electric heaters, including heat accumulator heaters, electrical cockle stoves or any electric heaters, is that electric current related with voltage developed on a wire of high resistivity produces heat, which is transferred to the outside by an intermediate insulation. The lower the resistivity of the wire and the higher the current in the wire is, the higher the power of the heater is at nominal voltage, which is either 220 VAC or 380 VAC. As the power increases, heat radiation of a heating resistor wire also increases. The radiated heat is stored and transferred to the outside by insulating ceramics. This technology reduces efficiency of usual electric heaters, because some of the power is lost due to heat radiation, storage and transfer of heat. In other words, the higher the radiation, the storage and the indirect heat transfer is, the more the loss of heat is. Tests carried out with conventional heating facilities have clearly shown that both fixed and portable heaters have no satisfying heat transfer capability, while their energy consumption is not linearly proportional to their efficiency. The effective power of the electric heaters, including heat accumulator heaters, electrical cockle stoves or any electric heaters, is only a part of the entire power. Moreover, heaters of the prior art are expensive and have high installation costs.
In order to eliminate the problems mentioned above, the main object of the present invention is to reduce the loss of heat. It is further an object of the present invention to minimize the loss of heat due to heat radiation and heat transfer. It is still another object of the present invention to reduce heat radiation
- 2 -
and make the heat transfer as direct and efficient as possible by eliminating intermediate transferring means and, in this way, to increase efficiency of the electric heater according to the invention.
In order to achieve the foregoing and other objects, an electric heater comprising a heating resistor wire is used, in which the heating resistor wire is made of iron or iron-based alloy of low resistivity, is arranged within a tubular double-wall housing, comprising an internal wall and an external wall. The tubular double-wall housing is open at both ends, and is provided with a protective metal grid at the upper end. The heating resistor wire is held by ceramic rings fixed to a metal frame and is folded to sections in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubular double-wall housing, along the periphery of the ceramic rings. The electric heater is provided with a control unit in the form of a separated thermostat built in its standard mains plug.
Operational temperature of the heating resistor wire, which is around 300 °C in a preferred embodiment of the electric heater according to the invention, is much lower than that of the conventional electric heaters, whereas its surface heat transfer capability is higher than that of the conventional ones, thus there is no need of heat storing and heat transferring means. In order to increase efficiency of direct heat transfer, a tubular housing is used. The cold air inside the heater gets heated by the heating resistor wire, and moves upwards at the same time. The heated air draws along the air of lower temperature from the bottom of the room. During heating this air-flow speeds up, because heat formation is limited to the volume of the air inside the housing of the electric heater according to the invention. An unavoidable consequence of heating is warm-up of the housing, therefore the heating resistor wire is supplied with a double-wall housing in order to avoid any accident resulted from touching a single-wall housing. The air between the internal and the external wall of the housing also supports heating. Both of the internal and an external wall of the double-wall housing have an upper tubular unit with circular or polygonal cross section and a bottom conical unit. The electric heater according to the present invention is controlled by an external thermostat built in the standard (220 VAC) grounded mains plug of the electric heater.
- 3 -
The invention is explained in more detail through the drawing. In the drawing:
- Figure 1 is a perspective and partially sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. - Figure 2.a is the side view of the core of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2.b is the cross section of a ceramic ring of the core of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3. a is the side view and Figure 3.b is the cross section of the frame of the core of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is the side view of the internal coverage of the core of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is the side view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a perspective and partially sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the electric heater according to the invention provided with an external thermostat 17. The thermostat 17 is electrically connected to the mains cable of the electric heater and is built in the one-phase mains plug of the electric heater in such a way that it allows an easy connection of the electric heater to the standard (220 VAC) mains socket.
Preferably, the electric heater comprises heating resistor wire 15 and a double-wall housing, consisting of an external wall and an internal wall, each with an upper tubular unit 1 and 7 with a bottom conical unit 2 and 9, respectively. Figure 2. a is the side view of the inner part of a preferred embodiment of the electric heater according to the invention. Figure 2. a shows heating resistor wire 15 and ceramic rings 24 holding said heating resistor wire 15, whereas Figure 2.b shows cross section of a ceramic ring 24. The ceramic rings 24 are provided with holes arranged with equal distance from each other. The ceramic rings 24 are located coaxially above each other in such a way that said holes lead the heating resistor wire 15. The heating resistor wire 15 is led between the bottom and the top ceramic rings 24 by several turns. The holes of the ceramic
- 4 -
rings 24 are filled with ceramics in order to fix the heating resistor wire 15, and protect it against resonance. The end portions of the heating resistor wire 15, both coming out from the lowest ceramic ring 24 and connected to the mains cable, are thickened and insulated by ring shaped ceramic insulators 26. Figure 3.a is the side view of the frame supporting the ceramic rings 24 shown in Figure 2. a, whereas Figure 3.b shows the cross section of said frame. The ceramic rings are fixed on the frame by a plurality of flat steel rails 32. Each steel rail 32 has several cut-outs 33 for holding the ceramic rings 24. The steel rails 32 are held at their ends by two spacers 31. The steel rails 32 are attached to spacers 31 by screws 38. The spacers 31 are further used to hold the steel rails 32 in a triangular arrangement and, in addition, to keep constant distance between heating resistor wire and the tubular internal wall of the electric heater.
Figure 4 is the side view of the internal wall of the double-wall housing of a preferred embodiment of the electric heater. The tubular internal wall has a separated conical bottom 9 made from sheet steel and attached to said internal wall by welding. The conical bottom 9 comprises air-convection holes on its top two-third part. The bottom side of the double-wall housing is covered by a baseplate 40 made of a thick steel sheet.
Figure 5 is the side view of the external wall of the double-wall housing of the preferred embodiment of the electric heater. Similarly to the internal wall, the external wall has a separated conical bottom 2 made of sheet steel, and is fixed at said external wall by welding. The external wall is shorter than the internal wall, but is long enough to hide the air-convection holes of the internal wall. The necessary distance between the internal wall and the external wall is maintained by spacers 54 and 48 (shown in Figure 4). The upper end of the double-wall housing is covered by a metal grid allowing free air convection and, on the other hand, providing mechanical protection. The metal grid is preferably a closely woven metal mesh 6 fixed to the outer edge of the double-wall housing by a round steel band 55 and screws 53. In view of the prior art, the present invention provides the following benefits and advantages.
The electric heater according to the invention may be applied in several places, as well as in homes due to its low power, which is about 1 kW in a preferred embodiment of the invention. The power of the electric heater may be increased depending on special requirements. The electric heater requires no additional electrical construction of the mains due to its low current consumption. The efficiency of the electric heater is improved by direct heat transfer between the heating resistor wire and the air thus reducing the loss of heat due to heat radiation. Because of the low current consumption and easy connectivity to the mains, the electric heater may be used to heat closed rooms or used as supplementary heating facility in rooms equipped with a different kind of heating system. There is no need of additional thermostat to control temperature of the room, because the electric heater has its own thermostat built in its mains plug. The double-wall housing allows to move the electric heater during operation without risk of accident.
Claims
1. An electric heater, comprising a heating resistor wire, characterized in that said heating resistor wire is made of iron or iron-based alloy of low resistivity, and is arranged within a tubular double-wall housing, comprising an internal and an external wall, said tubular double-wall housing is open at both ends, and is provided with a protective metal grid at the upper end, said heating resistor wire is held by ceramic rings fixed to a metal frame and is folded to sections in parallel to the longitudinal axis of said tubular double-wall housing, along the periphery of said ceramic rings, and a control unit is provided as a separated thermostat built in the standard mains plug of the electric heater.
2. The electric heater of claim 1 , characterized in that there are guide holes in said ceramic rings for said heating resistor wire.
3. The electric heater of claim 1 , characterized in that said metal frame comprises at least one metal rail fixed to said internal wall and provided with cut-outs to hold said ceramic rings,
4. The electric heater of claim 1 , characterized in that both of said internal and external wall of said double-wall housing comprise a tubular unit with either circular or polygonal cross section, and a conical unit at the bottom.
5. The electric heater of claim 1 , characterized in that said metal grid is a closely woven metal mesh fixed to said external wall.
6. The electric heater of claim 1 , characterized in that said heating resistor wire is made of steel.
7. The electric heater of claim 5, characterized in that said metal mesh is fixed by a metal band and screws to the outside of said external wall.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU29494/99A AU2949499A (en) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-03-03 | Electric heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HUP9800473 | 1998-03-04 | ||
| HU9800473A HUP9800473A3 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 1998-03-04 | Electric expand heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999045747A1 true WO1999045747A1 (en) | 1999-09-10 |
Family
ID=89996214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/HU1999/000016 WO1999045747A1 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-03-03 | Electric heater |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2949499A (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP9800473A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999045747A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITBS20130181A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-13 | Giovanni Giacomini | ELECTRIC STOVE |
| US10555456B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2020-02-11 | Positec Power Tools (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. | Auto mowing system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191216506A (en) * | 1912-03-19 | 1912-11-07 | Victor Charles Joh Nightingall | Improvements in Electric Radiators. |
| US2819375A (en) * | 1954-10-27 | 1958-01-07 | Bert T Mohn | Space heater |
| US3045097A (en) * | 1959-06-01 | 1962-07-17 | William W Sellers | Electric heater |
-
1998
- 1998-03-04 HU HU9800473A patent/HUP9800473A3/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-03-03 AU AU29494/99A patent/AU2949499A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-03 WO PCT/HU1999/000016 patent/WO1999045747A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191216506A (en) * | 1912-03-19 | 1912-11-07 | Victor Charles Joh Nightingall | Improvements in Electric Radiators. |
| US2819375A (en) * | 1954-10-27 | 1958-01-07 | Bert T Mohn | Space heater |
| US3045097A (en) * | 1959-06-01 | 1962-07-17 | William W Sellers | Electric heater |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10555456B2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2020-02-11 | Positec Power Tools (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. | Auto mowing system |
| ITBS20130181A1 (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-13 | Giovanni Giacomini | ELECTRIC STOVE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU9800473D0 (en) | 1998-04-28 |
| HUP9800473A3 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| HUP9800473A2 (en) | 1999-11-29 |
| AU2949499A (en) | 1999-09-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| GB1600568A (en) | Heating unit for an electric cooking appliance | |
| AU651022B2 (en) | Device for controlling or limiting temperature in an electric cooking appliance | |
| GB2155289A (en) | Electric heating unit | |
| ITMI20000771A1 (en) | COOKING FIREPLACE FOR MODULABLE INDUCTION WITH REDUCED RADIATION AND PROCESS OF REALIZATION | |
| ES2545602T3 (en) | Electric induction furnace | |
| FI85762C (en) | Coverings for wall, ceiling or floor coverings | |
| US7576306B2 (en) | Electric heating element that includes a radiant tube | |
| GB1579729A (en) | Electrical heating units | |
| WO1999045747A1 (en) | Electric heater | |
| CN104170195A (en) | Device for an outdoor switching apparatus | |
| KR0142908B1 (en) | Protecting device for induction poles and inductor provided with this device | |
| WO1990011002A1 (en) | Arrangement for converting electrical energy to heat energy | |
| CN109979713A (en) | A kind of dust-proof heat-dissipating voltage transformer of lightning protection | |
| US3119923A (en) | Electric stove | |
| US3843858A (en) | Portable weatherproof heating unit for softening pvc conduit | |
| US4761537A (en) | Electric baseboard heater having a reduced profile cabinet | |
| US6621056B2 (en) | Heater assembly with a non-uniform cross section | |
| JPH05288355A (en) | Microwave oven with far-infrared ray heating unit | |
| RU2037276C1 (en) | Domestic electric heating appliance | |
| JP2755798B2 (en) | Induction heating device | |
| CN215676537U (en) | High-frequency electric furnace with protective device | |
| CN213746977U (en) | Bathroom warmer with large irradiation area | |
| KR20200075662A (en) | Induction Heating Apparatus | |
| ES2284066T3 (en) | INDUCTOR WITH A ROLLED CORD FORMING A SPIRAL INDUCTION COIL. | |
| RU2047053C1 (en) | Electric convertor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SL SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: KR |
|
| REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |