WO1999040520A1 - Carte d'adaptateur d'ordinateur - Google Patents

Carte d'adaptateur d'ordinateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999040520A1
WO1999040520A1 PCT/IL1999/000069 IL9900069W WO9940520A1 WO 1999040520 A1 WO1999040520 A1 WO 1999040520A1 IL 9900069 W IL9900069 W IL 9900069W WO 9940520 A1 WO9940520 A1 WO 9940520A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
computer
memory
plug
operating system
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL1999/000069
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Uri Haviv
Original Assignee
Nc Vision Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nc Vision Ltd. filed Critical Nc Vision Ltd.
Priority to AU22980/99A priority Critical patent/AU2298099A/en
Publication of WO1999040520A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999040520A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
    • G06F9/4416—Network booting; Remote initial program loading [RIPL]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
    • G06F15/177—Initialisation or configuration control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to personal computers, and specifically to "thin-client" personal computer networking.
  • Thin-client computers have begun to emerge as the middle ground between traditional terminal/host systems and PC-based client/server networks.
  • Thin-client computers are designed to be centrally-managed, configured with only essential equipment, and typically do not include a CD-ROM player, diskette drive or other peripheral components generally found in PCs.
  • Application software and data are stored on a server, which provides most of the system resources, to be accessed and down- loaded by the thin client as needed.
  • Thin-client/server systems provide enterprises with more orderly, centralized system management and maintenance than do PC-based "thick- client" networks, while allowing users complete access to PC- type applications running under Windows and other operating systems. Programs and data are generally loaded only through the server, so that the chances that one of the clients will introduce a virus or otherwise corrupt the network system are greatly reduced.
  • thin client is applied to a wide range of different computers, having different levels of local resources.
  • smart terminals such as the IBM 5250 and 3270 types and the Digital Equipment Corporation VTxxx series, or Windows terminals produced by Wyse Corporation.
  • GUI graphic user interface
  • Net PC developed primarily by Intel and Microsoft, which has a local disk and runs Windows applications on its own Intel microprocessor.
  • the link to the server may also be through other communication lines, such as a WAN, a mainframe/terminal connection or even a modem line.
  • a WAN wide area network
  • mainframe/terminal connection or even a modem line.
  • NC Network Computer
  • NCRP-1 The Network Computer
  • Some applications may be designed to execute on the client, while others run on any one of a variety of servers.
  • the NC can download Java applets and other programs from a server to run locally, connect to remote applications running on servers over Internet or intranet networks, and perform terminal emulation to access mainframe data and programs.
  • the NC is free of any dependence on a particular operating system and can thus access simultaneously Java applications running on Windows NT, UNIX and other operating platforms.
  • NC client devices introduced to date, primarily by IBM, are typically small boxes that connect to a standard monitor, keyboard and mouse. They are similar in functionality to a PC with a network card but without diskette and disk drives.
  • a conventional "thick" PC which boots its own operating system (typically Windows) from a local disk, will generally not be compatible with a thin-client/server LAN designed for NCs.
  • Potential adopters of NC systems are therefore faced with the problem of immediate obsolescence of their current PCs.
  • Sun Microsystems has announced the development of a software package for PCs, known as "Java PC,” designed to make them operable as NCs. Because this software will have to run under the PC's local operating system, however, it will have to deal with the large range of variations that exist in PC operating systems and configurations, which is one of the factors that currently
  • U.S. Patent 5,680,547, to Chang which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a method and apparatus for controlling network and workstation (PC) access prior to workstation boot, in order to avoid conflicts and problems of incompatibility between the workstation operating system and network applications.
  • a ROM or PROM with appropriate programming is placed in the workstation, typically on the motherboard, or else in the usually unused boot ROM socket on a LAN card installed in the workstation.
  • the ROM or PROM includes an operating system kernel and a command interface for communicating with a network server to which the workstation is to be connected.
  • the workstation BIOS program (assuming the workstation to be a PC) is executed and detects the presence of the ROM or PROM program.
  • Control is passed to this program, which loads communications software from the workstation disk and establishes network communications with the server.
  • control is passed to a Server Management Application (SMA) running on the server, allowing the server to access the workstation hard disk drive and perform functions on the workstation such as identification and authentication, configuration management and software updates.
  • SMA Server Management Application
  • French Patent Application 2,630,558, to Blanie which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a microcomputer with a plug-in board, which includes a memory containing a program for terminal emulation or communications with a central computer.
  • the board and the program contained thereon enable the microcomputer, which has booted up on a native operating
  • PC personal computer
  • a plug- in card is inserted into a slot on the bus of a PC, which is connected to a network.
  • the card includes a non-volatile memory in which thin client operating system software is stored, and which receives a predetermined starting address in a memory range of the PC.
  • the CPU of the PC is directed to the predetermined address, preferably by instructions stored in a standard BIOS memory associated with the CPU.
  • the CPU reads the software stored in the memory on the card, and consequently boots up as a thin client, in conjunction with a suitable server accessed via the network.
  • the PC preferably continues to function as a thin client, under control of the operating system on the plug-in card, until it is switched off.
  • a user of the PC under these conditions preferably has no access to a local hard disk, diskette or other mass-memory peripheral that may be connected to the PC (except possibly through the server, if the network is so configured) .
  • the BIOS would direct the PC to load its operating system, such as DOS or Windows, from the local disk, the software on the card intercepts the normal boot sequence, and
  • PC as used in describing preferred embodiments of the present invention refers to an industry-standard personal computer, which is typically designed to run on DOS and/or Windows-based software, as are well known in the art.
  • thin client is used in the broad sense defined in the Background of the Invention.
  • NC Network Computer
  • Network Computer refers to a thin-client computer operating on a network, preferably in accordance with the NCRP-1 standard mentioned above. Although some preferred embodiments are described herein with reference to these PC and NC standards, it will be appreciated that the principles of the present invention may similarly be applied to other types of computers, such as UNIX-based workstations, and to other types of thin- client networks, such as those described in the Background of the Invention.
  • the plug-in card containing the thin client operating system software also serves as the PC network card and includes a suitable network adapter and control hardware.
  • the plug-in card is separate from the network card.
  • the plug-in card may be adapted to work on an ISA, EISA or PCI bus, or may conform to any other suitable standard or non-standard bus configuration.
  • the non-volatile memory on the plug-in card comprises a Flash or EEPROM memory, as are known in the art.
  • Flash or EEPROM memory as are known in the art.
  • Such memories have the advantage that the software stored therein may be updated
  • the non-volatile memory may comprise any suitable type of NVRAM, EPROM, PROM or ROM.
  • the plug-in card has the advantage that it allows the PC to be converted to a NC at minimal cost, independently of the PC s local operating system and with fewer potential complications than purely software-based solutions.
  • a device for controlling a boot-up process of a computer including: a plug-in component, which is inserted into a socket on a bus accessible to a CPU of the computer, the component including a memory which receives a starting address in an address space of the CPU and in which memory one or more software files including an operating system file are stored, such that during a start-up sequence of the computer, the CPU addresses the starting address and reads the operating system file from the memory, causing the computer to boot as a thin client of a network server to which the computer is coupled, substantially under the control of instructions in the operating system file in the memory.
  • the computer includes a local mass memory device, such as a disk, from which the computer boots in the absence of the plug-in component, and the computer read's the operating system file from the memory in the plug-in component and boots therefrom instead of from an operating system file in the mass memory device.
  • the computer boots from the memory in the plug-in component substantially without accessing the mass memory device.
  • files stored in the mass memory device are substantially inaccessible to a user of the computer while the computer is under the control of the instructions in the operating system file in the memory of the plug-in component.
  • the plug-in component includes a printed circuit board, and the socket on the bus includes a slot into which the board is inserted.
  • the board includes network communications circuitry, through which the computer is coupled to the network server.
  • the computer includes a PC, and wherein the board plugs into an industry-standard bus slot.
  • the memory in the plug-in component includes a non-volatile memory, most preferably a Flash memory.
  • the network server writes to one or more of the files in the memory in the plug-in component .
  • the computer boots as a Network Computer.
  • the computer boots as a computer terminal.
  • apparatus for converting a personal computer (PC) having a CPU to a Network Computer (NC) client including: a plug-in card, which is inserted into a slot on a bus of the PC; and a memory on the plug-in card, in which one or more software files including a NC operating system file are stored, such that during a start-up sequence of the computer, the CPU reads the operating system file from the memory, so that the computer boots as a NC client in accordance with instructions in the operating system file.
  • PC personal computer
  • NC Network Computer
  • the computer is coupled to a network server, which is accessed when the computer boots in accordance with instructions in the operating system file stored in the memory.
  • the network server updates one or more of the software files in the memory.
  • the apparatus includes network communications circuitry on the card, through which the computer is connected to the network server.
  • the memory includes non-volatile memory, most preferably Flash memory.
  • the CPU is directed to read the operating system file from the memory by a start-up program stored in a BIOS memory associated with the CPU.
  • the PC includes a disk having files stored thereon, and in the absence of the card, the PC boots from the disk.
  • the PC boots as a NC substantially without reference to the files stored on the disk, and when the PC boots as a NC, the files on the disk are substantially inaccessible to a user of the computer.
  • a method for booting up a computer including: inserting a plug-in component into a socket on a bus associated with a CPU of the computer, the component including a memory in which one or more software files including an operating system file are stored; coupling the computer to a network server; initiating a computer start-up sequence, which causes the CPU to read the operating system file from the memory in the component; and completing the boot process substantially under the control of instructions in the operating system file, so that the computer boots up as a thin client of the network server.
  • inserting the plug-in component includes allocating to the memory therein a starting address in an address space of the CPU, such that during the start-up sequence, the CPU addresses the starting address, whereby the CPU reads the operating system file from the memory.
  • allocating the address includes allocating an address which the CPU reads in accordance with a start-up program stored in a BIOS memory associated with the CPU.
  • the computer boots from a local mass memory device in the absence of the plug-in component, and completing the boot process includes booting the computer from the memory in the plug-in component instead of from the mass memory device.
  • booting from the memory in the plug- in component includes booting substantially without accessing the mass memory device, and completing the boot process includes rendering files stored in the mass memory device substantially inaccessible to a user of the computer.
  • the mass memory device includes a disk.
  • inserting the plug-in component includes plugging a card into a slot on the bus.
  • coupling the computer to the network server includes connecting the computer to a network through network communications circuitry on the card.
  • the computer includes a PC, and plugging the card into the slot includes inserting the card into an industry-standard bus slot.
  • completing the boot process includes receiving changes to one or more of the files in the memory in the plug-in component from the network server.
  • completing the boot process includes booting up the computer as a Network Computer or, alternatively, as a computer terminal .
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a client computer connected to a network, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2A is a schematic illustration of a plug-in card for the computer of Fig. 1, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2B is a schematic illustration of a plug-in card for the computer of Fig. 1, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a software program structure for use in the computer of Fig. 1, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a start-up and boot sequence of the computer of Fig. 1, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a PC 20, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • PC 20 is, for the sake of simplicity, represented and described as an industry-standard PC, with a single internal bus 28 linking all of its components. It will be understood, however, that the principles described hereinbelow may be applied in a straightforward way to personal computers and workstations having different internal configurations and bus structures, so long as they include the facility for connecting a plug-in card or other such component on the bus.
  • PC 20 includes a CPU 22, which may include a cache and/or other local memory and peripheral components, as well as a ROM (or PROM) 42 programmed with the basic input/output system (BIOS) that is read in by the CPU at power-up.
  • the PC further includes other standard components known in the art, including a main RAM memory 44, a display 34 and other peripherals 36, including a keyboard and mouse (not shown) and, optionally, a hard disk 38 and a diskette drive 40, as well as sound and teleconferencing devices.
  • PC 20 also includes a thin client plug-in card 32, which causes the PC to boot up as a thin client of a server 26.
  • the card causes the PC to boot up as a Network Computer (NC) , most preferably in accordance with the NC standard described hereinabove.
  • NC Network Computer
  • PC 20 would normally boot up from disk 38 or diskette drive 40 in a DOS or Windows operating system.
  • Card 32 intercepts and takes control of the boot process, and prevents access to the operating system on the disk or diskette, as described further hereinbelow.
  • PC 20 is connected via a network adapter 30 through a network 24, preferably a LAN of any suitable type known in the art, to server 26.
  • Server 26 may be of any suitable type known in the art, preferably operating under a Windows NT or UNIX operating system and preferably communicating with the PC using
  • the server is set up to operate opposite thin clients in the Network Computer (NC) operating environment, as described hereinabove, and is equipped with suitable software for this purpose, preferably including Network Station Manager code.
  • NC Network Computer
  • Such code is known in the art and may be obtained from IBM or from Sun Microsystems.
  • PC 20 operates as a NC thin client in this environment under the control of plug-in card 32, which may be either separate from or integrated with network adapter 30. The structure and operation of card 32 are described in detail hereinbelow.
  • network 24 comprises a LAN
  • PC 20 may also be connected to server 26 through any other suitable type of communication line known in the art.
  • network adapter 30 may be designed to coupO the PC to a WAN; through a coax or twinax cable to a central computer; to a telephone or cable TV line; or even to a satellite modem.
  • Fig. 2A is a schematic illustration of card 32 having an edge connector 54 suitable for " plugging into a standard socket on an ISA bus in PC 20, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Card 32 which in this case is separate from network adapter 30, includes a nonvolatile memory 50, which is programmed with a suitable operating system, as described further hereinbelow.
  • Memory 50 preferably includes Flash memory with a capacity of at least 4 Mbits, preferably along with other circuitry needed to allow the memory to be reprogrammed by server 26.
  • the memory may comprise EEPROM, EPROM, PROM, NVRAM, or any other suitable type of non-volatile memory.
  • Card 32 in the configuration shown in Fig. 2A further includes DIP switches 52 for setting a starting address of memory 50 in the address space of CPU 22.
  • the starting address is set to a value in an address range that is scanned by the CPU immediately after power-up, preferably between 64OK and IM, in accordance with program instructions stored in BIOS 42.
  • the CPU When the CPU reaches the starting address, it calls a routine stored in memory 50, which boots the thin client operating system (preferably the NC operation system, as described further in reference to Fig. 3) . Most preferably, the starting address is near the beginning of the BIOS search range, so that the CPU reaches memory 50 and calls the routine before reaching any other devices that may be on the bus.
  • the thin client operating system preferably the NC operation system, as described further in reference to Fig. 3
  • the thin client operating system supplants the DOS or Windows system on disk 38, and renders disk 38 and diskette drive 40 unavailable to a user of the PC.
  • the user accesses all system resources not stored in memory 50, as well as all applications and data files, through network 24.
  • the thin client operating system may include a software switch allowing the user or, more preferably, a system manager to restore certain local functions to PC 20, and in particular to access disk 38 and/or diskette drive 40.
  • the availability of such functions could tend to cause problems in network management and system maintenance, such as allowing viruses and deviant software versions to be introduced to the network. Therefore, these local functions are preferably unavailable to the user, and PC 20 functions exclusively as a thin client as long as card 32 remains in its slot on bus 28.
  • Fig. 2B is a schematic illustration showing card 32 having an edge connector 57 suitable for coupling to an EISA or PCI bus, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • card 32 may comprise a PCMCIA connection, or any other suitable bus connection type.
  • card 32 also includes network communication circuitry 58 and a network connector 56, so that card 32 incorporates, as well, the functions of network adapter card 30. This configuration reduces the number of cards that must be plugged into bus 28 and ensures that the software stored in memory 50 will be
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating software files 60 which are stored in memory 50, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When loaded by CPU 22, these programs in files 60 cause PC 20 to function as a NC thin client.
  • Files 60 generally include an operating system 62, set-up and configuration files 68, management and control files 78 and applications 70. If memory 50 has sufficient capacity, it may be advantageous that all these programs be stored therein, so as to reduce the load on network 24. Typically, however, at least some of these programs, particularly applications 70, are stored on server 26 and are downloaded to RAM 44 of PC 20 on demand.
  • the programs listed in Fig. 3 are shown by way of example: additional programs may be included in operating system 62 stored in memory 50, and additional applications 70 may- also be included in memory 50 or, more typically, downloaded from server 26 or other network servers.
  • Operating system 62 generally includes device drivers 64 and communications drivers 66.
  • the device drivers enable PC 20 (in the thin client operating mode) to access the display, keyboard, mouse, sound card and other peripherals associated with the PC, such as teleconferencing equipment.
  • the communications drivers enable the PC to communicate with server 26, preferably using TCP/IP. They may also enable the PC to access other communications facilities that are available, such as telecommunications modems and terminal emulation hook-ups to mainframe and minicomputers.
  • Application programs 70 may include substantially any type of network applications. In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 3, they include client/server applications 72, terminal emulation 74, Java functions 76 and a Web browser 77.
  • the client/server applications preferably include WinFrame client software, produced by Citrix, which enables PC 20 to work with
  • Terminal emulation programs 74 may include IBM 5250 and 3270 applications, for working with IBM AS-400 and mainframe computers, respectively, as well as VTxxx (such as VT100 and VT420) applications, in accordance with standards established by Digital Equipment Corporation.
  • Java software 76 enables interoperability of PC 20 (in NC mode) with any intranet or Internet server by downloading Java applets, as described above.
  • the Java applications available to PC 20 preferably include Java Virtual Machine (JVM) software, available from Sun Microsystems, for example.
  • JVM Java Virtual Machine
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for booting up PC 20 in the thin client mode described above, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • BIOS 42 which runs its basic pre-boot start-up and diagnostic programs, irrespective of the presence of plug-in card 32.
  • the CPU begins to scan the range of its memory at addresses between 640K and IM, and detects operating system software 62 at the starting address of memory 50. Operating system 62 is loaded and instructs CPU to continue booting up from memory 50, rather than from disk 38 as it would ordinarily do.
  • CPU 22 initiates a network connection with server 26.
  • Server 26 responds by assigning PC 20 an IP address and sending the address over the network to the PC, along with any other necessary boot parameters.
  • the server may also perform remote diagnostics on PC 20, and may access the PC's set-up and configuration files 68 and management and control functions 78, as well as updating other operating system and application files stored in memory 50, as described, for example, in the above-referenced U.S. Patent 5,680,547.
  • CPU 22 resumes the boot procedure and commences a log-on sequence.
  • the procedure is based on files 60 in memory 50 and other files that may be downloaded from server 26, and not on operating system files on disk 38 or diskette 40.
  • the user of PC 20 will be prompted to enter identification and/or password information. This information is verified by server 26.
  • the server then downloads to the PC system and application files appropriate for the particular user.
  • the PC can complete its boot-up as a thin client, preferably presenting on display 34 a graphic user interface (GUI) including icons that the user can select to invoke various applications, such as terminal emulations 74, Java and Web applications 76, and any other applications available on server 26.
  • GUI graphic user interface
  • NC Network Computer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Stored Programmes (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif destiné à réguler un processus de lancement d'un ordinateur (20), qui comprend un élément enfichable (32) introduit dans une douille sur un bus (28) auquel peut accéder une unité centrale (22) de l'ordinateur. L'élément enfichable comprend une mémoire (50) qui reçoit une adresse de départ dans un espace d'adresses de l'unité centrale et dans laquelle sont stockés un ou plusieurs fichiers (60) de logiciels dont un fichier (62) de système d'exploitation. Pendant la séquence de lancement de l'ordinateur, l'unité centrale accède à l'adresse de départ et extrait le fichier de système d'exploitation de la mémoire, ce qui entraîne l'ordinateur à être initialisé en tant que 'petit' client d'un serveur (26) de réseau auquel l'ordinateur est couplé, sous la commande des instructions se trouvant dans le fichier de système d'exploitation dans la mémoire.
PCT/IL1999/000069 1998-02-04 1999-02-03 Carte d'adaptateur d'ordinateur WO1999040520A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU22980/99A AU2298099A (en) 1998-02-04 1999-02-03 Computer adapter card

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL123186 1998-02-04
IL12318698A IL123186A0 (en) 1998-02-04 1998-02-04 Network computer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999040520A1 true WO1999040520A1 (fr) 1999-08-12

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AU (1) AU2298099A (fr)
IL (1) IL123186A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999040520A1 (fr)

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WO2002027471A2 (fr) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Intel Corporation Procede et dispositif permettant d'initialiser l'environnement d'exploitation d'un sous-systeme autonome dans un systeme informatique sans intervention du systeme d'exploitation principal
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Cited By (12)

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KR20010074360A (ko) * 2000-01-25 2001-08-04 김장중 원격 컴퓨터 시스템의 저장공간을 로컬 디스크 드라이브로에뮬레이션 하는 하드웨어와 관련 소프트웨어
WO2002027471A2 (fr) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Intel Corporation Procede et dispositif permettant d'initialiser l'environnement d'exploitation d'un sous-systeme autonome dans un systeme informatique sans intervention du systeme d'exploitation principal
WO2002027471A3 (fr) * 2000-09-29 2003-09-04 Intel Corp Procede et dispositif permettant d'initialiser l'environnement d'exploitation d'un sous-systeme autonome dans un systeme informatique sans intervention du systeme d'exploitation principal
GB2386453B (en) * 2000-09-29 2005-02-23 Intel Corp Method and apparatus for booting the operating environment of an autonomous subsystem in a computer based system
US7149888B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2006-12-12 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for booting the operating environment of an autonomous subsystem in a computer based system without involvement of the main operating system
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AU2298099A (en) 1999-08-23

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