WO1999026718A1 - High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device - Google Patents
High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999026718A1 WO1999026718A1 PCT/US1998/023670 US9823670W WO9926718A1 WO 1999026718 A1 WO1999026718 A1 WO 1999026718A1 US 9823670 W US9823670 W US 9823670W WO 9926718 A1 WO9926718 A1 WO 9926718A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- tray
- vapor
- trays
- series
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
- B01D3/18—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal bubble plates
- B01D3/20—Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid
Definitions
- This invention is directed to a series of vapor/liquid contacting trays and a separation process which employs this series of trays.
- Contacting trays such as the one of this invention are useful in distillation and related mass transfer or heat transfer applications where liquid flows down and gas or vapor flows up through a vessel.
- Liquid entrainment is a problem frequently encountered in distillation tray technology. Gas-liquid contacting employing plate and tray columns and potential problems involved are discussed in Section 18 of The Chemical Engineers' Handbook, Fifth Edition, by Robert H. Perry and Cecil H. Chilton. Tray designs with baffles and dispersers of various types are illustrated and discussed.
- Co-pending application S.N. 08/833,490 (which is commonly owned with the instant invention) is directed to a means of de-entraining liquid.
- a plurality of de-entrainment devices (such as vane packs) on the trays are specified to accomplish the vapor/liquid de-entrainment.
- FIG. 1 A series of conventional sieve trays is illustrated in Figure 1. Liquid that is entrained upwards from the tray can be thrown up against the perforated area of the tray above, and get carried up to the next tray. This backmixing of liquid up the column, contrary to the desired downward liquid flow, can greatly decrease the separation efficiency of the column and can cause flooding (hydraulic overloading) of the column.
- the phase separation can take place in an essentially empty de-entrainment zone by the forces of gravity and liquid downward inertia, without the aid of special de-entrainment devices.
- mesh pads, vanes, plates, louvers or other means to assist phase separation or other means of assisting phase separation may be placed within the de-entrainment zone.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the instant invention.
- Complete entrainment of the liquid is not necessary in the functioning of this invention.
- Some liquid can simply spill over the outlet weir. It is preferred, however, to initially impart some upward momentum to the bulk of the liquid.
- baffle that then helps direct the liquid at least partially downward, such that the liquid is moving generally downward, rather than upward, as it enters the disengaging zone where the vapor flows upward to the next tray.
- One or more curved turning vanes may also be used to direct the liquid momentum downward.
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate that it is desirable that the perforated area of one tray not be in the direct line with the perforated area of another tray in sequence.
- Many FCC units are limited by the downstream gas plant.
- the trays of the instant invention can help debottleneck gas plants, other high pressure towers, and amine towers with high liquid loads. The capacity benefits of this invention are probably highest at conditions of high liquid flux (greater than about 13.58 l/s/m 2 (20 gpm/ft 2 )) of tower area.
- Figure 1 illustrates a conventional sieve tray. Liquid enters the tray at 1 , and at a high rate, becomes entrained with the rising vapor 2, and is thrown against the perforated area of the tray 3 above, to be carried to the next tray.
- Figure 2 illustrates a series of sieve trays of the instant invention.
- Figure 3 illustrates a series of sieve trays with an alternate form of baffles 1 (curved turning vanes) for directing liquid flow downward.
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a series of sieve trays with little or no direct line of sight from the perforated area of one tray to the perforated area of the next tray in sequence.
- the tray design of this invention, and the process steps involving its use, are illustrated in Figure 2.
- Vapor entrained with liquid enters the tray through perforated area 1.
- the impermeable roof above the perforated area prevents the entrained liquid from rising further in the column.
- the outlet weirs 3 and 4 which are adjacent to the perforated area through which vapor travels upward from one tray to another, and baffle 4 deflect vapor and entrained liquid into the disengaging area 5. De-entrained liquid then moves downward to tray 6 below, while the vapor moves upward through the perforated area 7 into the tray above.
- baffles which are located between the trays have a downwardly curved trailing edge.
- Such baffles are referred to here as turning vanes.
- the trailing edge of the turning vane possesses a shape which approximates a ninety degree arc. This arc has a radius of from one-fourth inch to 2 inches, and preferably from one-half inch to one inch.
- the shape may be obtained by straight segments or a combination of straight and curved segments.
- the disengaging area comprises preferably more than 40%, and more preferably from 45 to 60% of the area of a given "pass" of the tower.
- Devices such as perforated mesh pads, baffles, louvered plates or vanes, may be placed in the disengaging area, especially against the far wall 8. When liquid sprays against the far wall, there may be some advantage to mounting these devices in order to keep the liquid from splashing or being blown upward, although satisfactory performance can be obtained without such devices.
- the preferred ratio of perforated area at a given tray level to the total cross- sectional area of the tower is 1:10 to 1:2, and most preferably 1:5 to 2:5. This is smaller than the percentage of perforated area usually found in conventional trays.
- Circular holes are preferred for the perforated areas of this tray, but any shape of hole or slot or any other device, including valves or bubble caps, that allows vapor passage would be acceptable here.
- the number and size of perforations are chosen to be small enough to avoid excessive weeping of liquid down through the perforations, and large enough to avoid excessive pressure drop.
- Devices on or above the deck such as vanes, momentum breaker bars or deck orifice shrouds may be used to moderate the liquid momentum and influence the pattern of vapor flow up into the liquid. Close tray spacing is recommended for the instant invention.
- the tower in which the tray series is located is operating in a pinched regime (which is common in the target applications for this tray, such as debutanizer bottom sections), then the increased capacity associated with this tray can be used to increase the reflux ratio. In this way the efficiency of the tower may be enhanced.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU14517/99A AU1451799A (en) | 1997-11-20 | 1998-11-06 | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device |
CA002311253A CA2311253A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 | 1998-11-06 | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device |
JP2000521912A JP2001523567A (en) | 1997-11-20 | 1998-11-06 | High-performance gas-liquid contact device |
EP98958477A EP1100615A4 (en) | 1997-11-20 | 1998-11-06 | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US6621697P | 1997-11-20 | 1997-11-20 | |
US60/066,216 | 1997-11-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999026718A1 true WO1999026718A1 (en) | 1999-06-03 |
Family
ID=22068052
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/023670 WO1999026718A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 | 1998-11-06 | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1100615A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001523567A (en) |
AU (1) | AU1451799A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2311253A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999026718A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001043844A1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting tray |
US8128072B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2012-03-06 | Ifp | Deflecting system for column trays |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2116933A (en) * | 1933-09-16 | 1938-05-10 | Union Oil Co | Fractionating column |
US2610046A (en) * | 1948-05-24 | 1952-09-09 | Joy Mfg Co | Rectifying apparatus |
US2772748A (en) * | 1953-07-21 | 1956-12-04 | Shell Dev | Contacting fluids with entrainment and inertia separation |
US4356132A (en) * | 1977-12-26 | 1982-10-26 | Belyakov Viktor P | Mass-transfer apparatus |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2629581C2 (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1986-10-09 | Luwa AG, Zürich | Method and device for the decontamination of a liquid loaded with radioactive substances |
-
1998
- 1998-11-06 CA CA002311253A patent/CA2311253A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-11-06 JP JP2000521912A patent/JP2001523567A/en active Pending
- 1998-11-06 WO PCT/US1998/023670 patent/WO1999026718A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-06 AU AU14517/99A patent/AU1451799A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-11-06 EP EP98958477A patent/EP1100615A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2116933A (en) * | 1933-09-16 | 1938-05-10 | Union Oil Co | Fractionating column |
US2610046A (en) * | 1948-05-24 | 1952-09-09 | Joy Mfg Co | Rectifying apparatus |
US2772748A (en) * | 1953-07-21 | 1956-12-04 | Shell Dev | Contacting fluids with entrainment and inertia separation |
US4356132A (en) * | 1977-12-26 | 1982-10-26 | Belyakov Viktor P | Mass-transfer apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1100615A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6287367B1 (en) | 1998-05-19 | 2001-09-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting device |
WO2001043844A1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High-capacity vapor/liquid contacting tray |
US8128072B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2012-03-06 | Ifp | Deflecting system for column trays |
US8313092B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2012-11-20 | Ifp | Deflecting system for column trays |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1451799A (en) | 1999-06-15 |
EP1100615A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
EP1100615A4 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
CA2311253A1 (en) | 1999-06-03 |
JP2001523567A (en) | 2001-11-27 |
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