WO1999023884A1

WO1999023884A1 - Defoliant for deciduous fruit trees and deciduous greening trees

Info

Publication number: WO1999023884A1
Application number: PCT/JP1997/004095
Authority: WO
Inventors: Seigo Koura; Hiroshi Ono
Original assignee: Agro-Kanesho Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1997-11-11
Filing date: 1997-11-11
Publication date: 1999-05-20

Abstract

A defoliant for deciduous fruit trees, such as apple tree, cherry tree, peach tree and nandina, and decidous greening trees, such as maple (Japanese maple), Japanese cherry, flowering dogwood and Japanese zelkova. The defoliant contains the quinoxaline compound of formula (1) and an organophosphorus compound.

Description

Specification

Defoliator for deciduous fruit trees and deciduous greening trees ''

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a leaf picking agent for deciduous fruit trees such as apple trees, cherry trees, green trees, and southern sky, and for deciduous greening trees such as maple, sakura, American dogwood, and zelkova.

Background technology

From 1968 to 1957, John Collar (trydobenzoic acid), Rakuyo (triptyl trithiolate), and prep (chloroacrylic acid) were used as strong leaves for apple trees.

However, due to technical and toxic unresolved problems, registration as a pesticide was withdrawn by 1983. For this reason, there is currently no drug that can be expected as a defoliant for deciduous fruit trees, such as apple trees.Currently, for apple producers, the leaves around the fruits are manually worked to increase apple coloration. The cost and time involved are enormous. In particular, this burden has been increasing in recent years due to the difficulty in securing a labor force.

On the other hand, in recent years, the disposal of fallen leaves of deciduous trees in street trees, parks, golf courses, etc. has taken a long time, and the cleaning effort is enormous. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a defoliant capable of performing the defoliation around the fruits of deciduous fruit trees such as apples, cherries, sapling trees, and Nanten just by spraying mechanically.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a leaf picking agent that performs leaf cutting around the fruit of a deciduous fruit tree such as an apple cherry tree, a challenging tree, and the southern sky, and does not adversely affect the new shoots that are important for the growth of the tree. With the goal. A further object of the present invention is to provide a defoliant capable of simultaneously causing the fallen leaves of deciduous greening trees such as maple, maple, sakura, American dogwood, and zelkova. Disclosure of the invention

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned object, and as a result, by combining a quinoxaline-based compound conventionally used as an agricultural fungicide or acaricide with an organic phosphorus-based insecticide. The inventors have found that the above objects can be achieved, and have reached the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to a defoliator for a deciduous fruit tree or a deciduous greenery, comprising a quinoxaline-based compound and an organic lin-based compound as active ingredients. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The quinoxaline compound used in the present invention is a compound represented by the following formula (1). This quinoxaline compound is known as trade name “Molestan”.

On the other hand, as the organic phosphorus compound used in the present invention, various organic phosphorus compounds can be used without any particular limitation as long as they are organic phosphorus compounds that have been conventionally used as insecticides or fungicides. Preferred examples of the organic phosphorus compound include the following compounds. (1) Phosphate type or thiol type (Formula (2)) '

OR

/

〇二 P-OR (2)

〇 (or S) R '

(2) Thiono type or dithio type (Formula (3))

OR

S = P / − OR (3)

0 (or S) R '

(3) Amidate type (Formula (4))

OR

0 = P-S (or 0) R '(4) HN-R "

(4) Phosphonate type (Formula (5))

OR

0 (or S) 2 P-R '(5)

OR '(or R ") In the formula, R is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms (eg, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an i-propyl group, etc.); Aryl group (for example, phenyl group, naphthyl group, etc.)

R ′ is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a lower alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 3 (eg, a vinyl group, etc.), an aryl group

(E.g., phenyl, naphthyl, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, isothiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, Pyrazine group, thiadiazol group, etc.), and

R "represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an acyl group (for example, an acetyl group or the like), or an aryl group (for example, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group).

The functional group may optionally contain one or more substituents. Examples of such a substituent include a halogen atom (eg, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom, etc.), a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group (eg, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, etc.). ), Aryl group (eg, phenyl group, etc.), alkylthio group (methylthio group, ethylthio group, etc.), cyano group, nitro group, substituted amino group (eg, methylamino group, dimethylamino group, getylamino group, methylformylamino An alkylaminocarbonyl group (eg, a methylaminocarbonyl group, an ethylaminocarbonyl group, etc.), an alkylsulfinyl group (eg, an ethylsulfinyl group, etc.), an alkoxycarbonyl group (eg, a methoxycarbonyl group, Ethoxy group, etc.), oxo group, hydroxyl group, etc. It can be mentioned.

Phosphate-type organophosphorus compounds include, for example, DDVP (phosvit), monocrotophos (alphate), BRP (dibromo), CVMP (guardside), dimethylvinphos (langard), CVP (vinifate), propaphos ( Power). Of these, DDVP is particularly preferred.

Examples of thiono-type organophosphorus compounds include CYAP (Cyanox), phennitrothion (Sumithion), ECP (VC), pyrimiphosmethyl (Akteric), diazinon, isoxathion (Carphos), and pyridafunthion (Offnac). Chlorpyrifos methyl (reldan), chlorpyrifos (dazuban), quinalphos (ecarax), etrimphos (ekamet) and the like. Of these, diazinon, pyridafunthione and the like are particularly preferable.

Examples of thiol-type organophosphorus compounds include ESP (Estox) and Nochmidochion (Kilbar), Profenofos (Ensedan) and the like. Of these, bamididothione is particularly preferred. '

Examples of dithio-type organophosphorus compounds include marathon, PAP (ersan) dimethate, formothion (antizo), thiomethone (ecatin), etilchi ometone (daiciston), hosalon (rubittox), and PMP (atsuba). , DMTP (supraside), protifos (toction), sulprofos (bolstar) and the like. Among them, marathon, hosalon, PMP, DMTP, protiphos and the like are particularly preferable.

Preferable examples of the amidate-type organic phosphorus compound include, for example, acetate (oltran), isofenphos (amidotide) and the like. Preferable examples of the phosphonate type organic phosphorus compound include, for example, Triclo mouth phone (Dave Telex) and EPN.

The foliar extract of the present invention is obtained by diluting the active ingredient with an inactive liquid or solid carrier generally used in formulating agricultural chemicals, and if necessary, a surfactant, a dispersant, and other auxiliary agents. And water-dispersible powders, wettable powders for granules, emulsions, flowables, oil flowables, EWs, powders, fine granules, granules and the like.

The compounding ratio of the quinoxaline-based compound to the organic phosphorus-based compound in the foliar extract is usually 1: 2 to 5, preferably 1: 2 to 4, as a weight ratio.

The quinoxaline-based compound is usually used in the preparation in an amount of 8 to 20% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight. On the other hand, the organophosphorus compound is usually used in the preparation in an amount of 10 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight.

A spreading agent may be added to the foliar extract of the present invention in order to improve the adhesion to the leaves and the permeability. As such a spreading agent, for example, a nonionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant is used. Nonionic surfactants include, for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether and polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester. Ter, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene resin acid ester, polyoxyethylene hexitane fatty acid ester and the like. Examples of the anionic surfactant include an alkylbenzenesulfonate, a ligninsulfonate, a naphthylmethanesulfonate, and an alkylsulfosuccinate.

Preferred spreading agents include, for example, needs containing 18% of dialkyldimethylmethylammonium polynaphthyl metasulfonate and 44% of polyoxyethylene ethylene fatty acid ester, 14% of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, and 14% of polyoxyethylene alkyl. Rabiden 3C containing 8% of ether and 3% of polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester is exemplified.

Spreading agents are usually used in an amount of from 0.05 to 2.0% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, based on the weight of the defoliant of the invention. Appropriate.

The foliar extract of the present invention is suitably applied in an amount of usually 100 to 700 L, preferably 300 to 500 L, per 100 ares. It should be noted that although spraying has a sufficient effect even once, it is preferable to spray a plurality of times, for example, two or more times, and the effect is improved. Example

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

In the examples, "%" means% by weight. Example 1

Preparation of wettable powder with 12% quinoxaline compound (Molestan, trade name) and 35% pyridafunthion After adsorbing 37 g of pyridafenthion heated and melted at 70 ° C to a mixture of 25 g of synthetic Toxir Silicate GUN (Tokuyama Soda Co., Ltd.) and 16 g of fine powder Kreya, the average particle size was 3.5. m, mixed with 14 g of quinoxaline-based compound, 5 g of ligninsulfonic acid sodium salt, and 3 g of Solpol 500-209-0 (Dispersant, Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). ) Was passed twice to obtain the above wettable powder. Example 2

Preparation of wettable powder with a mixture of 12% quinoxaline compound (Molestan) and 35% trichlorfon

37 g of trichlorfone heated and melted at 90 ° C. was adsorbed on a mixture of 25 g of synthetic Toxir Silicate GUN (Tokuyama Soda Co., Ltd.) and 16 g of fine powder clay. 14 g of the above-mentioned quinoxaline-based compound fine powder, 5 g of ligninsulfonic acid sodium salt, and 3 g of Solpol 500-209-0 (Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. dispersant) were mixed with the mixture, and a tabletop free mill was added. The wettable powder was obtained by passing twice. Example 3

Preparation of hydrated mixture of 12% quinoxaline compound (Molestan) and 25% diazinon

27 g of diazinon, 2 g of epoxy linseed oil, and 3 g of Solpol 365 (Emulsifier, Toho Kagaku Co., Ltd.) were mixed well beforehand and adsorbed to 30 g of Tokusil GUN. To this, 14 g of the above-mentioned quinoxaline-based compound fine powder, 16 g of calcium carbonate, 5 g of sodium ligninsulfonate, and Newcalgen NV—410 (a dispersant of Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) were added and mixed. The wettable powder was obtained by passing twice through a free mill. Example 4

Preparation of mixed flowable quinoxaline compound (morestane) 12% and pyridafenthion 35%

Pyridafionthione 37 g, N-methylpyrrolidone 10 g, Hizol SAS296 (Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) 10 g, xylene 17 g and solpol 365, 10 g Was heated and dissolved in advance, and then cooled, and 13 g of the fine powder of the quinoxaline-based compound and 3 g of Benton 34 (organic bentonite, NL Chemical Co.) were mixed. The mixture was charged into a grinding vessel of a side grinder (1Z8 G-6, IMEX Co., Ltd.) together with i-painted hard glass beads (filled with 70%), and pulverized at 300 rpm for 1 hour while cooling. Thus, the above oil flowable was obtained. Example 5

Preparation of Oil Flowable Mixture of 12% Quinoxaline Compound (Molestan) and 35% Trichlorfon

37 g of trichlorfon, 15 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, 10 g of Hisol SAS 296 (Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), 12 g of xylene, and 5.5 g and 10 g of solpol were preheated. After cooling, 13 g of the fine powder of the quinoxaline-based compound and 3 g of Benton 34 (organic bentonite, NL Chemical Co.) were added and mixed. In the same manner as described above, pulverization was performed using a side grinder to obtain the above-mentioned oil flowable. Example 6

Preparation of mixed flowable compound of 12% quinoxaline compound (morestane) and 25% diazinon 28 g of diazinon, 39 g of xylene, 2 g of epoxy soybean oil and 15 g of Newcargen ST-40 (Emulsifier, Takemoto Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) were mixed in advance, and the fine powder of the quinoxaline compound was added to the mixture. g and Benton (organic bentonite, manufactured by NL Chemical Co., Ltd.) 34.3 g were added and mixed, and the mixture was ground using a side grinder in the same manner as in Example 3 to obtain the above-mentioned flowable. . Test example 1

The preparations (A, B, C) obtained in Examples 2 and 3 were tested in Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture on September 13 using sub-branches of an outdoor apple tree (cultivar Fuji) on September 13 . Before spraying, 10 fruits were selected from 1 sub-branch in 1st section and the number of leaves was examined. The prepared preparations (A to C) were sprayed on the fruits and leaves of the submain branch using a battery-type sprayer. Two weeks after spraying, the number of leaves falling on the fruit set was investigated to determine the rate of leaf fall. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the defoliation rate of shoots was also examined. The results are shown in Table 2 below. These tests were performed in duplicate. table 1

Drug Dilution factor Number of fruiting leaves Number of fruiting leaves vs. untreated leaf fall (%) A 3 0 0 1 5.5 5 7 5.0

B 3 0 0 1 8.5 5 7 0.2

C 3 0 0 2 0. 0 6 7. 7

No spray 6 2.0 Drug-Dilution factor Number of leaves in new shoots Drop rate of new shoots vs. untreated ()

A 3 0 0 4 4.0 3

B 3 0 0 4 5.5 0

C 3 0 0 4 4.5.2 2 No spray 45.5

(Average of 2 wards)

Test Example 2 A formulation (prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1) was mixed with a powder (component: dimethyldisilyl ammonium 18.5%, nonionic surfactant 31.5%), In the amount shown in Table 3

O

In addition, as in Test Example 1, i; Sprayer as in Test Example 1

Two weeks later, the number of defoliated leaves of 10 fruit set was examined, and the defoliation rate was examined. The results are shown in the table below.

3

Drug Dilution factor Number of fruiting leaves Leaves of fruiting leaves vs. untreated leaves (%)

A 3 0 0 1 5.5 75.0

B 3 0 0 1 8.5 5 7 0.2

C 3 0 0 2 0. 0

A 3 0 0 * 1 1. 0 8 2.3

B 3 0 0 * 1 5.1 7 5.6

C 3 0 7 1 3.0 7 9.0 No spraying 6 2.0 Note) Each added 0.1% by weight of needs c Test Example 3-In the same manner as in Test Example 1, except that spraying was performed twice at intervals of 10 days. The leaf fall rate was determined in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4 below. Table 4

Spraying leaves

Drug Dilution factor Number of fruiting leaves Number of times vs. untreated leaf fall rate (%)

A 3 0 0 1 5.5 5 1 75.0

B 3 0 0 1 8.5 5 1 7 0.2

C 3 0 0 2 0. 0 1 6 7. 7

A 3 0 0 9. 7 2 8 4. 4

B 3 0 0 1 5.4 2 75.2

C 3 0 0 9. 1 2 8 5.3 No spraying 6 2.0 Spray the spray of the present invention 20 to 50 days before the harvest date, preferably 30 to 40 days before the harvesting. Then, in a few days to a few weeks, the fruit leaves turn yellow and fall. As a result, the coloring of fruits such as apple fruits is enhanced, and non-defective products can be produced. On the other hand, the shoots have little effect on the shoots, and do not fall. Therefore, fruit producers such as apples and cherries can save enormous amount of time and money for manual leaf removal compared to the past. Test Example 4 (Test for confirming the leaf removal effect on deciduous greenery trees)

In the same manner as in Test Example 1, the A, B, and C preparations The test was carried out in a test field on October 25 using sub-branches of sakura. Before spraying, 100 test leaves were selected from each sub-main branch, and the diluted liquid was sprayed in the same manner as in Test Example 1.

The number of leaves after 5 days, 10 days, and 15 days after spraying was examined, and the rate of leaf fall was determined. Table 5 shows the results. The test was performed in 5 replicates. Table 5

Leaf rate (%)

Drug dilution multiple Spray 10 days later Spray 1 5 after spray 20 days later

A 3 0 0 5 0. 1 9 5. 0 1 0 0

B 3 0 0 5 5.2 9 6.8 1 0 0

C 3 0 0 5 4. 7 9 9.6 1 0 0

A 3 0 氺 5 4. 6 9 9. 4 10 0 0 No treatment 1 5. 2 2 6. 5 73.3 Note) * indicates that 0.1% by weight of needs was added. In addition, when the defoliant of the present invention is used as a defoliant for deciduous greening trees such as sakura, dogwood, zelkova, etc., natural defoliation over a long period of time can be produced simultaneously, so that defoliation management, etc. It is expected to greatly reduce the labor required.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A defoliator for deciduous fruit trees or deciduous greenery trees, comprising a quinoxaline-based compound represented by the following formula and an organic phosphorus-based compound as effective components.

2. The defoliant according to claim 1, wherein the deciduous fruit tree is an apple tree, a cherry tree, a peach tree, or Nanten.

3. The defoliant c according to claim 2, wherein the deciduous fruit tree is an apple tree or a cherry tree.

4. The defoliant according to claim 1, wherein the deciduous greenery is Sakura, Dogwood or Keyaki.

5. The defoliant according to claim 1, wherein the organic phosphorus compound is selected from a phosphate type, a thiol type, a thiono type, a dithio type, an amide type and a phosphonate type organic phosphorus type compound.

6. The defoliant according to claim 5, wherein the organic phosphorus compound is a compound represented by the following formula.

OR

/

0 = P—OR (2)

0 (or S) R, OR

/

S = P OR (3)

〇 (or S) R '

OR

/

0 S (or 〇) R '(4)

HN—R "

OR

/

〇 (or S) = P ^ — R '(5)

OR '(or R ")

(Wherein, R represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an aryl group,

R ′ represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a lower alkenyl group or an aryl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and

R "represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyl group or an aryl group.)

7. The foliar extract according to claim 1, wherein the quinoxaline compound is used in an amount of 8 to 20% by weight.

8. The defoliant according to claim 1, wherein the quinoxaline compound is used in an amount of 10 to 15% by weight.

9. The defoliant according to claim 1, wherein the organophosphorus compound is used in an amount of 10 to 60% by weight.

10. The foliar extract according to claim 1, wherein the organophosphorus compound is used in an amount of 20 to 50% by weight.

11. The foliar extract of claim 1, further comprising a spreading agent.

12. The foliar patch according to claim 11, wherein the spreading agent is a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, or a cationic surfactant. '

13. The surfactant is a higher alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as higher alcohol, alkylphenol, fatty acid, fatty acid amide, alkylamine, fatty acid sorbitan ester, ethylene oxide addition polymer, and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene. 13. The foliar extract according to claim 12, which is an ethylene oxide addition polymer of a block polymer or a fatty acid sorbine ester.

14. The foliage according to claim 12, wherein the surfactant is incorporated in an amount of 0.05 to 2.0% by weight.

15. The foliage according to claim 12, wherein the surfactant is incorporated in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.