WO1999022218A1 - Dispositif et procede d'essai de la durete d'un tuyau - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede d'essai de la durete d'un tuyau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999022218A1
WO1999022218A1 PCT/US1998/022449 US9822449W WO9922218A1 WO 1999022218 A1 WO1999022218 A1 WO 1999022218A1 US 9822449 W US9822449 W US 9822449W WO 9922218 A1 WO9922218 A1 WO 9922218A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
probe
pipe
housing
guide rod
hardness
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/022449
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jack O. Hill
Leroy Fry, Jr.
Original Assignee
Hill Jack O
Fry Leroy Jr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hill Jack O, Fry Leroy Jr filed Critical Hill Jack O
Priority to AU11172/99A priority Critical patent/AU1117299A/en
Publication of WO1999022218A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999022218A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
    • G01N3/44—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid the indentors being put under a minor load and a subsequent major load, i.e. Rockwell system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
    • G01N2203/0078—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing using indentation
    • G01N2203/0082—Indentation characteristics measured during load
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pipeline inspection devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to pipe inspection pigs which serve to detect the hardness of the pipe at specific locations.
  • cylindrical primary alternating current coil which is coaxially aligned with the pipe to generate a high frequency AC magnetic field in the pipeline, a multiple cylindrical secondary AC sensing coil
  • each secondary coil having an axis parallel to the axis of the primary coil.
  • each secondary coil is set to be proportional to the density of a parallel component of magnetic flux caused by the AC magnetic field generator.
  • Eddy current sensing probes have also been used primarily in connection with
  • electromechanical eddy current probe having a rotatable sensing head for sensing the wall thickness and for locating local defects in a tube or conduit through which it is passed.
  • the sensor probe is intended to move longitudinally through the pipeline.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5.068,608 discloses multiple coil eddy current probe system and an eddy current probe is disclosed in which a defect is first detected when the probe is positioned adjacent the defect and a series of axially spaced probes are activated to sense and detect the
  • the most popular and currently most useful sensors for ferromagnetic pipeline inspection have been magnetic flux generators and magnetic flux leakage sensors which are positioned circumferentially around an inspection pig which is moved longitudinally through the pipeline.
  • 3,906,357 discloses an exterior pipe testing device in which there are two external sensor sections, one having a plurality of fixed sensing shoes circumferentially spaced around the pipe to be inspected which depends upon linear movement of the pipe therethrough for detecting flaws or defects primarily oriented circumferentially around the pipe.
  • a second inspection unit is provided
  • Complex circuitry is used to coordinate the sensor input from each of the sensing units with a rotating magnetic pulse generator geared to the linear motion
  • a purpose of this device is to actuate one or more spray cans at the linear and the circumferential position where a manufacturing flaw is detected either by the linear
  • the north and south poles are
  • the circumferential spaced apart magnets are rotated at a high rate of speed so that
  • orthogonically directed resultant magnetic field is produced on opposite sides of the pipe between the north and south pole of the rotating magnets.
  • Pairs of flux detectors are interposed on opposite sides of the rotating magnet.
  • the magnets are rotated at a sufficiently high rate of speed relative to the longitudinal motion of the pipe since the flux field interruptions in the same incremental area of the pipe. Again, complex circuitry is required in order to coordinate the sensor input from each
  • This device rotates two opposed search units in a single direction such that only very large flaws
  • One of the most popular and currently the most widely used state-of-the-art internal magnetic flux gas pipe inspection devices comprises a pipeline pig which has sealing cups around the exterior perimeter to both center the apparatus and to drive it by differential gas pressure along
  • a magnetic flux is generated by multiple circumferentially spaced magnets with north and south poles axially spaced apart and a magnetic flux sensor interposed therebetween, m operation, the pig travels linearly through the pipeline and sensory input data from each sensor is
  • a second set of circumferentially positioned magnetic flux generators and flux leakage sensors can be positioned at a small staggered distance with respect to the first set so that the space between the flux generator and sensor shoes is covered
  • Intelligent pigs as described hereinbefore, presently measure thickness, joint length, geographic position and other physical parameters. Pipe grade is controlled by the steel mill which produces
  • the pipe It is confirmed by testing.
  • the grade can be confirmed by pressure tests and tensile tests.
  • intelligent inspection tool i.e. the pig
  • the intelligent inspection tool i.e. the pig
  • its location in the pipeline, its geodetic position, and the grade of each joint can be verified.
  • a hardness test may be made with a
  • MICRODUE MICRODUE (MIC 10). This established hardness tester operates according to the ultrasonic
  • the MIC 10 is a very easy instrument to use. It is a hardness tester that can be transported anywhere for testing components at any location.
  • the small narrow probe can
  • the MIC 10 probe In order for the MIC 10 probe to be properly used, it must remain relatively static relative to the item to be tested. Once the reading is obtained, the data can be transmitted via an RS232C port to a master data memory located at a desired location.
  • the present invention is an apparatus for testing the hardness of a pipe which comprises a body having a longitudinal axis, a probe connected to the body and extending transverse to the
  • a retention device connected to the probe and positioned within the body so as to maintain the probe in a fixed position relative to the pipe while the body is moving in the pipe
  • processor connected to the probe so as to convert the signal from the probe into a humanly
  • the probe serves to contact the inner surface of the pipe so as to produce a signal relative to the hardness of the pipe.
  • the body comprises a first cup, a first cup, a first cup, a second cup, a first cup, a second cup, a first cup, a second cup
  • the probe is connected to the guide rod(s).
  • the probe comprises a housing which is received by the guide rod(s) and extends transverse to the longitudinal axis of the guide rod(s), and a probe member mounted within the housing and extending transversely to the guide rod(s).
  • An actuation means is connected to the housing for selectively urging the probe member outwardly of the housing so as to contact the pipe.
  • the actuation means includes a solenoid connected to the
  • probe member for causing the probe member to move outwardly of the housing in response to a
  • the actuation means also includes a return spring connected to the probe member so as to return the probe member to a home position when the solenoid is deactivated.
  • the retention device includes a brake
  • the retention device further includes a stop member affixed along a length of the guide rod(s).
  • a spring extends
  • the spring serves to urge the housing to a home position
  • the housing is slidable
  • the probe includes a wheel which is rotatably
  • the wheel has a rim with a surface suitable for contacting the inner surface
  • a probe holder is slidably mounted within the wheel.
  • the probe holder serves to move radially outwardly and inwardly along a slot in the wheel relative to a rotation of the wheel.
  • a probe member is mounted in the probe holder.
  • the retention device is an arm which is slidably and
  • the arm is pivotally connected at another end to the probe holder.
  • the body has a slide bearing slidably receiving the arm such that the arm is slidable within the slide bearing when the probe contacts the inner surface of the pipe.
  • the wheel has an axis of rotation transverse to the longitudinal axis of the body.
  • the wheel has a hub portion and a rim portion.
  • the rim portion has an elastomeric outer surface.
  • the probe holder is connected to the hub portion and is offset from the axis of rotation of the wheel.
  • a ball-and-socket joint may be used to connect the probe holder to the hub portion.
  • the present invention is furthermore a method of testing the hardness of the pipe which comprises the steps of: (1) forming a body having a size suitable for fitting within the pipe; (2)
  • the body moves longitudinally through the pipe; and (4) producing a signal relative to a hardness of the pipe at that point.
  • the body moves continuously longitudinally through the pipe while the hardness
  • FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing the pig of the present invention as installed
  • JO- FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention as taken across lines 2-2 of
  • FIGURE 1 A first figure.
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional side view showing an alternative foi of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a plan view of the apparatus as shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the apparatus 10 for the testing of the hardness of a pipe 12.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a body 14 having a longitudinal axis, a probe means 16, and a retention means 18.
  • the body 14 is formed by a first cup 20, a second cup 22 and at least one guide rod 24 extending between the first cup 20 and
  • the guide rod 24 is connected to the first cup 20 at an end 26 and is connected to the second cup 22 at another end 28.
  • Each of the cups 20 and 22 has an outer diameter which is suitable for fitting within the inner diameter of the pipe 12.
  • the guide rod 24 can be used to house the electronics and processing means so as to receive the information from the
  • the body 14 will be installed in the pipeline 12 and moved continuously
  • the guide rod 24 is actually three guide rods that are positioned
  • the guide rod 24 extends
  • FIGURE 1 it can be seen that the hardness probe 16 extends transversely to guide rod 24.
  • the housing 32 of the probe 16 is received slidably by the guide rod 24 and extends transversely to the guide rod 24.
  • a probe member 34 is mounted within the housing 32 and also extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the guide rod 24. A more detailed illustration of the probe member 34 is shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the housing 32 can suitably contain the electronics for the probe member 34. As was recited herein previously, the probe member 34, and associated electronics, are associated with the MIC 10 probe. A processor can be connected to such a probe so as to convert the signals as transmitted by the probe member 34 relative to the hardness of the pipe 12 so as to produce a humanly perceivable
  • a solenoid switch 36 is received by the housing 32. Solenoid switch 36 serves to actuate the probe member 34 at a desired point in time. When the solenoid switch 36 actuates the probe member 34, the probe member 34 will come into contact with the inner surface 38 of pipe 12. As
  • the hardness at the point 40 can be suitably measured by the probe member 34. Since it is a requirement to maintain the probe member 34 in static contact with the inside wall 38 of the pipe 12, a structure is formed so as to allow for this static contact even though the body 14 is moving continuously through the interior of the pipe 12.
  • the invention holds the probe 34 in static contact normal to the access of the pipe 12 for approximately 30 milliseconds (approximately one inch of travel of the body 14). Typically, the body 14 will be moving in pipe 12 at approximately two miles per hour.
  • the present invention maintains the static contact by the incorporation of a stop member 40
  • the stop member 40 bears on one end of the spring 42.
  • the spring 42 extends around the guide rods 24 and has an opposite end contacting the surface of the housing 32.
  • FIGURE 2 shows an illustration of the housing 32 and the probe 34.
  • the housing 32 has a generally circular form with semi-circular indentations 50, 52 and 54 spaced evenly therearound.
  • the solenoid switch 36 is positioned generally centrally of the housing 32. It can be seen that holes
  • the holes 56, 58 and 60 serve to receive the guide rods 24.
  • the holes 56, 58 and 60 should have a suitable diameter so as to allow the housing 32 to easily slide along the guide rods 24.
  • the holes 56, 58 and 60 are offset from each other by approximately 120°.
  • the probe 36 includes an electronic solenoid 62 that is connected to the solenoid switch 36.
  • the solenoid switch 36 serves to actuate the solenoid 62 so as to push the end of the probe 36 outwardly of the outer edge 64 of housing 32.
  • a brake shoe 66 is affixed to the end of the probe 34. Brake shoe 66 is contoured so as to engage the inner surface 38 of the pipe 12 and also so as
  • the solenoid switch 36 serves to activate the solenoid 62 so as to cause the end of the probe 34 to extend outwardly so as to contact the inner
  • a spring 68 extends around the solenoid 62 so as to urge the end of the
  • the housing 32 contains hardness probes 34, 70 and 72 located
  • each of these probes 34, 70 and 72 are simultaneously actuated by three separate solenoids 62 associated with each of the probes.
  • the switch 36 will serve to actuate each
  • Each of the probes 70 and 72 have a configuration identical to that of probe 34.
  • the static time required to obtain the test is the time that the pig apparatus 10 takes to travel the distance between on/off stops located on the guide stops 44 and 40 on the guide rods 24.
  • the distance between the on/off rods can be adjusted to obtain the optimum static time of the sensor
  • the housing relative to the pipe for the hardness tester to make a valid measurement.
  • the measurement is digitally recorded on the on-board memory and after each cycle of the apparatus 10.
  • the body 14 and/or the housing 32 can incorporate various other sensors, such as eddy current, magnetism, sound velocity.
  • FIGURE 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the hardness testing apparatus 100.
  • the hardness testing apparatus 100 includes a wheel 102 having an elastomeric outer surface 104 that rides along against an inside wall 106 of a pipeline 108.
  • a probe holder 110 is mounted within a slot 112 in the wheel 102 such that a probe tip 114 contacts the
  • the wheel 102 of a proper diameter is mounted on a cantilevered axle 116 mounted to the body 118 of the pig apparatus 100.
  • the wheel 102 has an inside diameter 104 which is set such that it is in contact with the inside wall 106 of the pipeline 108.
  • the axis of the wheel is set to follow the axis of the pipeline 108.
  • the slot 112 is cut into the rim 120 of the wheel 102 so as to allow
  • the rim 120 of the wheel 102 is wide enough to
  • Probe 114 includes instruments 126 for recording and obtaining signals relative to the hardness ofthe pipeline 108.
  • a ball-and-socket joint 128 is connected between the probe holder and the hub 120 of
  • the wheel 102 so as to facilitate the upward and downward movement ofthe probe holder 110.
  • the probe holder 110 and the slot 112 serve to convert the rotational movement ofthe wheel 102 into rectilinear movement.
  • a spring 130 is provided on the end ofthe probe instrument 126 so as to urge the probe 114 outwardly.
  • FIGURE 4 it can be seen how the apparatus 100 is mounted within the pig 118. Initially,
  • an axle 116 extends from the wall of body ofthe pig 118 so as to be rotatably connected to the hub 120 ofwhe ⁇ l 102.
  • the rim 132 ofthe wheel 102 includes an elastomeric outer surface 104.
  • the ball-and-socket joint 128 connects the hub 120 of wheel 102 to the probe holder
  • Probe holder 110 will move upwardly and downwardly within slot 112 formed in the wheel 102.
  • the probe member 114 is shown as centrally located on the probe holder 110.
  • FIGURE 4 it can be seen how the apparatus 110 maintains static contact with the inner wall 100 ofthe pipeline 108 as the pig 118 moves through the interior ofthe pipeline
  • a first arm 134 is connected, at one end, to the probe holder 110. Another arm
  • the arm 134 is connected at one end to the opposite side ofthe probe holder 110.
  • the arm 134 is slidably received within a slide bearing 138.
  • Slide bearing 138 is mounted to the inner wall 140 ofthe pig 118 opposite the axle 116.
  • the arm 136 is slidably received by slide bearing 142.
  • bearing 142 is fixedly mounted to the inner surface 140 ofthe pig 118.
  • the ball-and-socket joint 128 causes the probe holder 110 to
  • the ball-and-socket joint 128 is located approximately one inch from the axis
  • the holder 110 is constrained by the guides 122 and 124 by arms 134 and 136, respectively. Arms 134 and 136 are held by slide bearings 138 and 142, respectively. These slide bearings 138 and 142 are fixedly mounted to the structure 140 ofthe pig 118. As such, the
  • arms 134 and 136 can only be moved horizontally. As the ball-and-socket 128 drives the probe holder 110 past the horizontal, the probe 114 is forced to move downwardly. The probe 114 is constrained from rotating so as to push the probe 114 against the wall 106 ofthe pipeline 108.
  • the spring 130 located on the top ofthe probe 114 allows the probe 114 to be push against the wall 106 ofthe pipeline 108.
  • the combination of the horizontal sliding ofthe guide shoe and the vertical sliding ofthe holder 110 converts the rotation ofthe wheel 102 into rectilinear motion.
  • the spring keeps the probe 114 in contact with the wall 106. The result ofthe above is to place the probe in static contact with the wall ofthe pipeline and to hold it there for approximately one inch of travel
  • the pig apparatus in either ofthe embodiments, can incorporate electrical conductivity and velocity of sound as further measurements of the respective pipes. As such, it is possible to further compare unknown joints of pipe to known joints of pipe in a pipeline.
  • the present invention is intended as an improvement and an addition to existing pig apparatus. The improvement is the incorporation ofthe hardness test in a manner which

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

Ce dispositif d'essai (10) de la dureté d'un tuyau (12) comprend un corps (14) possédant un axe longitudinal, une sonde (16) reliée au corps et s'étendant transversalement par rapport à l'axe du corps, un mécanisme de rétention (18) relié à la sonde et placé dans le corps de manière à maintenir cette sonde dans une position fixe par apport au tuyau lorsque le corps se déplace dans le tuyau, ainsi qu'un processeur relié à la sonde et destiné à convertir un signal produit par celle-ci et relatif à la dureté du tuyau, en une indication humainement perceptible de dureté. La sonde sert à entrer en contact avec un point situé le long de la surface intérieure du tuyau, pendant que le corps se déplace de manière continue le long du tuyau.
PCT/US1998/022449 1997-10-27 1998-10-23 Dispositif et procede d'essai de la durete d'un tuyau WO1999022218A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU11172/99A AU1117299A (en) 1997-10-27 1998-10-23 Apparatus and method for testing the hardness of a pipe

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US95851597A 1997-10-27 1997-10-27
US08/958,515 1997-10-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999022218A1 true WO1999022218A1 (fr) 1999-05-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/022449 WO1999022218A1 (fr) 1997-10-27 1998-10-23 Dispositif et procede d'essai de la durete d'un tuyau

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU1117299A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999022218A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105004604A (zh) * 2015-08-21 2015-10-28 爱佩仪中测（成都）精密仪器有限公司 一种提高硬度测试结果准确度的硬度计台架
CN115452557A (zh) * 2022-09-13 2022-12-09 中国石油大学(华东) 一种用于管道内壁无损检测的压痕仪固定装置
CN117147285A (zh) * 2023-09-04 2023-12-01 山东永安昊宇制管有限公司 一种圆形无缝钢管硬度检测固定装置
CN117686364A (zh) * 2024-02-03 2024-03-12 诸城市彤明机械有限公司 一种数控机床用刀具的硬度检测装置
CN117740521A (zh) * 2024-02-21 2024-03-22 四川省水利科学研究院 一种玄武岩纤维管压力测试装置及方法
CN117990091A (zh) * 2024-04-03 2024-05-07 深圳市厚德检测技术有限公司 一种地下管线探测智能定位设备及其实施方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4196616A (en) * 1978-09-28 1980-04-08 Pacific Transducer Corporation Multipositionable support means for a hardness tester
US4791807A (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-12-20 Oechsle S John Apparatus for determining the relative hardness and abrasion resistance of industrial film coatings and linings
US4974443A (en) * 1987-10-28 1990-12-04 Korber Ag Method of and apparatus for ascertaining the hardness of cigarettes and the like

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4196616A (en) * 1978-09-28 1980-04-08 Pacific Transducer Corporation Multipositionable support means for a hardness tester
US4791807A (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-12-20 Oechsle S John Apparatus for determining the relative hardness and abrasion resistance of industrial film coatings and linings
US4974443A (en) * 1987-10-28 1990-12-04 Korber Ag Method of and apparatus for ascertaining the hardness of cigarettes and the like

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105004604A (zh) * 2015-08-21 2015-10-28 爱佩仪中测（成都）精密仪器有限公司 一种提高硬度测试结果准确度的硬度计台架
CN105004604B (zh) * 2015-08-21 2017-08-01 爱佩仪中测（成都）精密仪器有限公司 一种提高硬度测试结果准确度的硬度计台架
CN115452557A (zh) * 2022-09-13 2022-12-09 中国石油大学(华东) 一种用于管道内壁无损检测的压痕仪固定装置
CN117147285A (zh) * 2023-09-04 2023-12-01 山东永安昊宇制管有限公司 一种圆形无缝钢管硬度检测固定装置
CN117147285B (zh) * 2023-09-04 2024-02-13 山东永安昊宇制管有限公司 一种圆形无缝钢管硬度检测固定装置
CN117686364A (zh) * 2024-02-03 2024-03-12 诸城市彤明机械有限公司 一种数控机床用刀具的硬度检测装置
CN117686364B (zh) * 2024-02-03 2024-04-19 诸城市彤明机械有限公司 一种数控机床用刀具的硬度检测装置
CN117740521A (zh) * 2024-02-21 2024-03-22 四川省水利科学研究院 一种玄武岩纤维管压力测试装置及方法
CN117740521B (zh) * 2024-02-21 2024-04-19 四川省水利科学研究院 一种玄武岩纤维管压力测试装置及方法
CN117990091A (zh) * 2024-04-03 2024-05-07 深圳市厚德检测技术有限公司 一种地下管线探测智能定位设备及其实施方法

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