WO1999021232A1 - Supercompact radio nuclide battery - Google Patents
Supercompact radio nuclide battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999021232A1 WO1999021232A1 PCT/US1998/018193 US9818193W WO9921232A1 WO 1999021232 A1 WO1999021232 A1 WO 1999021232A1 US 9818193 W US9818193 W US 9818193W WO 9921232 A1 WO9921232 A1 WO 9921232A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- radio nuclide
- battery according
- nuclide
- radio
- dust particles
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H3/00—Arrangements for direct conversion of radiation energy from radioactive sources into forms of energy other than electric energy, e.g. into light or mechanic energy
- G21H3/02—Arrangements for direct conversion of radiation energy from radioactive sources into forms of energy other than electric energy, e.g. into light or mechanic energy in which material is excited to luminesce by the radiation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to nuclide batteries and, more particularly, to light weight nuclide batteries.
- Radio nuclide batteries usually are very inefficient, heavy and expensive, but nevertheless are needed in space crafts and similar important applications.
- a remarkable reduction in weight and increase in efficiency is possible when the beta active nuclides ⁇ e.g., krytpon-85 or argon-39) are exciting their own electrons in the narrow excimer band at a minimum of thermal losses and this radiation is converted in a high band gap photovoltaic layer ⁇ e.g., in p-n diamond) very efficiently into electricity (German Patent disclosure 196 02 875 Al).
- the electric power per weight compared with existing radio nuclide batteries can then be increased by a factor 10 to 50 and more.
- the disadvantage consists in the yet high price of the mentioned radio nuclides and in the high pressure of up to 100 bar and more for the gas that requires an expensive and heavy container.
- the dust plasmas were predicted by Izeki (Phys. Fluids 29, 1764 (1986) and realized since 1994 (V. E. Fortov, et al, Pisma ZhETP 1994 reported about dust plasmas at atmospheric pressure, see also V. E. Fortov, et al., ionization rate is produced, e.g., by a microwave or RF discharge or by electron beam irradiation (120 keV, 0.02 mA/cm 2 , if solid or liquid (dust) particles of diameters between 1 and 100 ⁇ m are dispersed in this plasma, the double layer between plasma and particle causes a charging of the particles by 1000 to 1 million electron charges.
- the present invention resides in a radio nuclide battery such that the nuclide is located on dust particles which are suspended in a gas or plasma where the radioactivity generated radiation is converted into electricity by photovoltaic layers in the boundary surface of the plasma.
- the plasma state of the gas in an aspect of the invention is produced by an external dc discharge.
- the plasma state of the gas is produced by an ac discharge including the high frequency of microwave range.
- the plasma state of the gas is produced by irradiation of electron beams of at least keV energy.
- Figure 1 illustrates a supercompact radio nuclide battery of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the supercompact radio nuclide battery of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is a detailed view of a portion of the cross-sectional view of Figure 3.
- These nuclides are low cost radioactive waste of nuclear power reactors.
- the diameter of the dust particles is so small (few micrometers), such that the electrons from the beta decay leave the dust particles nearly without loss.
- the surrounding weakly ionized plasma consists at least partially of gases or gas mixtures ⁇ e.g., krypton, argon, xenon) with excimer lines, such that a considerable amount of the energy of the beta electrons is being converted into this radiation.
- gases or gas mixtures e.g., krypton, argon, xenon
- the surrounding walls contain photovoltaic layers with wide forbidden zones as, e.g., diamond, which convert the optical energy generated from the energy of the beta electrons into electric energy.
- the emission of the beta electrons form the particles is being chosen of at least the same electron density which generate the equilibrium of the dust plasma with its negative charging of the dust particles as well of the wall in order to produce the mutual repulsion of the particles an their repulsion form the wall.
- the electric field E (in N/cm) for compensation of gravitational forces for a mechanical accelerating in m/5 2 within the reaction chamber is given by the following working parameters according to the invention.
- Figure 1 is an example of a supercompact radio nuclide battery described, the left hand part of the figure consists in a rectangularly drawn container with xenon gas (dotted area) which is being excited containing dust particles of strontium-90 (as element or as compound). Furthermore there are the black drawn electrodes to produce the electric field in an antiparallel way to the gravitation field. Between the dust plasma there are cylindrical or plane parts which are separately drawn at the right hand side of the figure in the inner part is a metal cylinder or plate covered by a photovoltaic layer.
- CVP-or VCE-produced diamond Preferably of CVP-or VCE-produced diamond ⁇ see Hora and Prelas, Diamond and Related Materials, 4, 1376 (1995) or of aluminiumnitrid layers (H. Hora, R. HopfL M.A. Prelas. "Theoretical Aspects of AIN and Diamond In View of Laser and Photovoltaic Action," NATO Advanced Workshop on Wide Band Electronic Material, Minsk, 1944, p. 487-502) having a p-n junction.
- These diamond (or AIN) layers are covered by an optically semitransparent conduction layer (a for the minus pulse and the inner metal as a plus pole of the photovoltaic cell).
- the photovoltaic elements are linked - as seen in Figure 1 in series producing the output power. If lower voltages are desired, the linking is being done partially or completely in parallel way.
- the dimensioning of the container is pressure properties and properties of the emission of thermal radiation due to the still remaining, but highly reduced thermal losses in the battery, follows similarly as in Patent Application DE 196 02 875A1).
- the electrical field can be reduced or completely switched off.
- the strontium-90 in the dust particles is converted by the beta emission without gamma emission into indium which had properties of solids and is being contained within the dust Particles contrary to the rubidium, e.g., in the Kr-85 battery where a special procedure is necessary for its removing.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000517451A JP2002511563A (en) | 1998-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Ultra compact radionuclide battery |
AU24476/99A AU2447699A (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Supercompact radio nuclide battery |
EP98966724A EP1086497A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Supercompact radio nuclide battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997138066 DE19738066A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1997-09-01 | Compact low pressure radio nuclide battery |
DE19738066.2 | 1997-09-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999021232A1 true WO1999021232A1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
WO1999021232A9 WO1999021232A9 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
Family
ID=7840792
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/018193 WO1999021232A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1998-09-01 | Supercompact radio nuclide battery |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2447699A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19738066A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999021232A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009103974A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-27 | Permastar Ltd | Electrical power generating system comprising a radioactive substance |
US8552616B2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2013-10-08 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Micro-scale power source |
US20180226165A1 (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-08-09 | Ayers Group, LLC | Methods and devices for beta radioisotope energy conversion |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022112269A1 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-24 | Quantum Technologies UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | Quantum computing stack for an NV center based quantum computer and PQC communication of quantum computers |
DE102023104158A1 (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | Quantum Technologies Gmbh | Rotatably mounted quantum computer based on NV centers for mobile applications |
DE102022004989A1 (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | Quantum Technologies Gmbh | Vehicle with a deployable quantum computer and associated, deployable quantum computer system with protection against transient disruptions in the energy supply |
DE102022105464A1 (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | Quantum Technologies Gmbh | Vehicle with a deployable quantum computer and associated deployable quantum computer system |
DE202023101056U1 (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2023-03-21 | Quantum Technologies Gmbh | Diamond chip for a mobile NV center quantum computer with a cryostat |
DE102022112677A1 (en) | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | Quantum Technologies Gmbh | Vehicle with a deployable quantum computer and associated deployable quantum computer system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4677008A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-06-30 | Webb Robert D | Safe and efficient self-luminous microspheres |
US4900368A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1990-02-13 | Brotz Gregory R | Foamed energy cell |
US5606213A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1997-02-25 | Ontario Hydro | Nuclear batteries |
US5859484A (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 1999-01-12 | Ontario Hydro | Radioisotope-powered semiconductor battery |
-
1997
- 1997-09-01 DE DE1997138066 patent/DE19738066A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-09-01 AU AU24476/99A patent/AU2447699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-09-01 WO PCT/US1998/018193 patent/WO1999021232A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4900368A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1990-02-13 | Brotz Gregory R | Foamed energy cell |
US4677008A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-06-30 | Webb Robert D | Safe and efficient self-luminous microspheres |
US5606213A (en) * | 1993-04-21 | 1997-02-25 | Ontario Hydro | Nuclear batteries |
US5859484A (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 1999-01-12 | Ontario Hydro | Radioisotope-powered semiconductor battery |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8552616B2 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2013-10-08 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Micro-scale power source |
WO2009103974A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-27 | Permastar Ltd | Electrical power generating system comprising a radioactive substance |
US20180226165A1 (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-08-09 | Ayers Group, LLC | Methods and devices for beta radioisotope energy conversion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999021232A9 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
DE19738066A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
AU2447699A (en) | 1999-05-10 |
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