WO1999019637A1

WO1999019637A1 - A bolt with an energy-reserving and self-locking device

Info

Publication number: WO1999019637A1
Application number: PCT/CN1997/000102
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ming Yan
Original assignee: Ming Yan
Priority date: 1997-10-14
Filing date: 1997-10-14
Publication date: 1999-04-22

Abstract

A bolt with an energy-reserving and self-locking device includes a stud and a nut, wherein an upper locking spring is engaged with the inner wall of the nut. A fixing slot and a transversal disengaging hole are provided on the upper surface and the lower part of the nut, respectively. The two ends of the upper lock-spring are secured into the fixing slot and the transversal disengaging hole, respectively. The stud may be formed with two portions with different diameters, and the threads of the two portions form a uniform helical line. A lower lock-spring is engaged with the lower part of the stud which has a less diameter. The nut may contain a lower nut which has the same thread as that of the nut. A middle lock-spring is engaged with the inner wall of the lower nut. An energy-reserving spring includes an inner locking spring which acts as a self-locking spring, and an outer torque-spring which exerts a thrust, and it is engaged with the stud.

Description

The present invention belongs to the field of mechanical fastening members, and relates to a bolt with a self-locking energy storage device which can prevent loosening. Background technique

In the field of the machinery industry, bolts are the basic parts and connectors. Their large amount and wide range are well known. Its quality and performance have always been people's attention. Mechanical equipment is often in a high-speed operation and strong vibration working environment. Bolts that serve as the foundation for connection may often loosen and fall off. In the past, in order to prevent loosening, additional accessories such as spring washers, counter top nuts, split locks, and backstops, which have often been used, have proven to be inadequate for practical use after hundreds of years of use. Facts have proven that under the action of alternating load and impact load for a long time, even the best tightened bolts will be stretched and deformed, and the threads will fall over fatigue and lose the pre-tightening force, resulting in tightening gaps and loosening. Even the spring washer and the top nut will lose their effect. For this reason, people are working to find a new type of more reliable and safe fastening bolts to improve the quality and performance of mechanical coupling parts. Summary of the Invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bolt with a self-locking energy storage device that can avoid the loosening of the bolt by itself and timely release energy storage when the bolt is worn or deformed. The bolt uses a nut and a screw to self-lock and interlock. And a fastening mechanism that can store and release mechanical energy, and timely release the energy storage fastening device.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention uses the meshing relationship between the thread and the spring spiral to form a spiral self-locking and energy storage mechanism. It includes a screw that has a direct meshing relationship, is composed of an internal lock spring and an external torsion spring, and can mesh with the screw. Energy storage spring, nut, lower nut, and upper lock spring, middle lock spring, and lower lock spring that are engaged with each other. The bottom of the screw is also provided with a chuck to prevent loosening; these components can only be tightened. Can't fall In the self-locking, interlocking, and interlocking system of the screw, once the loss of fastening force occurs due to wear, fatigue, and deformation, the reserve mechanical energy can be used to automatically tighten the screw in time to make up for the gap.

The bolt structure with the self-locking energy storage device of the present invention is as follows:

The bolt with a self-locking energy storage device of the present invention includes a screw and a nut that can be screwed with the screw, characterized in that the inner wall of the nut is engaged with an upper lock spring; the lower end of the nut is provided with a lateral unlocking hole, The upper end surface is provided with a fixing groove, one end of the upper lock spring is snapped into the fixing groove, and the other end is inserted into the unlocking hole.

The bolt is characterized in that the screw is formed into two parts with different diameters, the diameter of the lower end part of the screw is smaller, the smaller diameter part is engaged with a lock spring, and the threads of the two parts form a unified spiral.

The bolt is characterized in that the nut further includes a lower nut with the same internal thread, the lower nut is integrated with the nut, and the inner wall of the lower nut is engaged with a middle lock spring.

The bolt is characterized in that an energy storage spring is engaged on an outer diameter of the screw, and the energy storage spring includes an inner lock spring having a self-locking action and an outer torsion spring having a thrust action.

The bolt is characterized in that the lower end portion of the larger diameter portion of the screw is provided with an unlocking groove; the smaller diameter portion is engaged with the lower lock spring, and the fixed end of the lower lock spring is hooked on the screw In the fixed groove at the lower end, the movable end is inserted into the unlocking groove of the screw.

The bolt is characterized in that the inner wall of the nut is divided into upper and lower sections with different inner diameters, an upper section with a smaller inner diameter is engaged with the upper lock spring, and a lower section with a larger inner diameter is matched with an outer wall of the lower nut For connection, the upper end of the nut is also provided with a blind hole for inserting the end of the energy storage spring.

The bolt is characterized in that the lower nut is a cap-shaped body with internal threads, the internal thread is a thread engaged with the middle lock spring, and an outer wall of the lower nut is cooperatively connected with the nut. The upper end surface is provided with a fixing groove, and the flat nut of the lower nut is provided with an unlock? Lo

The bolt is characterized in that one end of the middle lock spring is provided with a thick fixed end, which is locked in the fixing groove of the lower nut, and the movable end of the middle lock spring is inserted in the unlocking hole of the lower nut. .

The bolt is characterized in that a recessed hole is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the screw, a chuck is inserted at the recessed hole, and a fixing groove at the lower end of the screw is located on the chuck. The bolt is characterized in that the chuck is in a "convex" shape, an upper end is provided with a convex column matching the concave hole at the end of the screw, and a fixing groove for installing a lower lock spring is provided on the bottom surface.

The bolt is characterized in that the nut and the lower nut are cooperatively connected: the lower section of the inner wall of the nut is provided with a thread with a smaller pitch, and the outer wall of the lower nut is provided with a thread that engages with the thread of the nut.

The bolt is characterized in that the nut and the lower nut are cooperatively connected: the cross section of the inner wall of the lower section of the nut is a hexagon, and the cross section of the outer wall of the upper section of the lower nut is a hexagon that cooperates with the lower section of the inner wall of the nut.

Another bolt with a self-locking energy storage device of the present invention includes a screw and a nut that can be screwed with the screw. The screw is formed into two parts with different diameters, and the diameter of the lower end part of the screw is smaller. The threads of the two parts form a unified spiral, and the smaller diameter part engages with a lock spring.

A bolt with a self-locking energy storage device according to the present invention includes a screw and a nut that can be screwed with the screw, and further includes an energy storage spring engaged with the outer diameter of the screw to store energy. The spring includes an inner lock spring with a self-locking function and an outer torsion spring with a thrust function. The upper end surface of the nut is provided with a blind hole for planting the ends of the outer torsion spring. Overview of the drawings

Figure 1: Combination sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a bolt with a self-locking energy storage device of the present invention;

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the screw in Figure 1;

Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the energy storage spring in Figure 1;

Figure 4: A perspective view of the nut in Figure 1;

Figure 5: A longitudinal sectional view of the nut shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6: A perspective view of the lower nut in Figure 1;

Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the chuck at the end of the screw in Figure 1;

Figure 8: Top view of the chuck shown in Figure 7.

9A, FIG. 9B, and FIG. 9C are schematic diagrams of an upper lock spring, a middle lock spring, and a lower lock spring in FIG. 1, respectively; Best Mode of the Invention

The features of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments:

As shown in FIG. 1, a preferred embodiment of the bolt with a self-locking energy storage device of the present invention includes a screw 1, a nut 3, an upper lock spring 5, a lower lock spring 7, a lower nut 4, a middle lock spring 6, and energy storage. Spring 2 and chuck 8; lower lock spring 7 is wound around the lower end of screw 1, and the lower end of screw 1 is fixed with chuck 8; upper lock spring 5 and middle lock spring 6 are screwed into nut 3 and lower nut 4, respectively The upper end of the nut 3 is fixed with an energy storage spring 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, it is a schematic diagram of the screw 1 shown in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the screw portion of the screw 1 is divided into two sections with different diameters. The lower section of the screw 1 has a smaller diameter and the upper section has a larger diameter. The smaller diameter part uses non-standard thread 1 3, the larger diameter part uses standard thread 1 1, an unlocking groove 12 is provided at the end of the larger diameter part, and a hexagonal or square shape is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the screw 1 Recessed hole 1 4; the non-standard thread 1 3 is used to engage with the lower lock spring 7, and the unlocking groove 1 2 is used to insert the movable end 7 2 of the lower lock spring 7 (as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 9C) ; The recessed hole 1 4 is used to fix the chuck 8, and the non-standard thread 1 3 is engaged with the lower lock spring 7 to form a spiral line with the spiral thread of the upper part of the screw 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, the energy storage spring 2 included in the bolt of the present invention is divided into an inner lock spring 2 1 and an outer torsion spring 2

2. The end of the inner lock spring 2 1 of the energy storage spring 2 is the free end 2 3, and the end of the outer torsion spring 2 2 is the hook 2 4, which is inserted into a blind hole at the upper end of the nut 3 when in use. As the screwing continues, the distance between the outer torsion springs gradually decreases, and finally the inner lock springs are wrapped. The inner lock spring 2 1 has a self-locking effect, the outer torsion spring 2 2 has a thrust function, and has a function of stopping, storing and releasing energy. The elastic thrust and the forward rotation torque of the energy storage spring 2 make them tighten. Push in the forward direction.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the nut 3 shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the nut 3 shown in Fig. 4; The internal thread of the nut 3 provided in this embodiment is divided into Two sections with different inner diameters, the smaller diameter of the standard thread 3 3 and the larger diameter of the thread 3 4, the pitch of the thread 3 4 is smaller than that of the standard thread 3 3, and the end of the standard thread 3 3 connecting thread 3 4 is provided. There is a horizontal unlocking hole

3 2, The upper end of the nut 3 is provided with a blind hole 3 1 and a large fixing groove 3 5 at the end; the standard thread 3 3 is engaged with the upper lock spring 5 in use; the blind hole 3 1 is used for planting Outer hook 2 of the energy storage spring 2 4 ₀

As shown in FIG. 6, it is a perspective view of the lower nut 4 shown in FIG. 1; the lower nut 4 is a cap-shaped body with internal and external threads; in this embodiment, the internal thread is a standard thread 4 2, the external The thread is a reverse thread 4 1 with a small pitch. The upper end of the lower nut 4 is provided with a fixing groove 4 4. The flat nut of the lower nut 4 is provided with an unlocking hole 4 3. The lower nut 4 is provided with a smaller pitch. Thread 4 1 is engaged with thread 3 4 of nut 3; standard thread 4 2 is engaged with middle lock spring 6.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, it is a schematic diagram of the chuck 8 fixed at the end of the screw 1 in the bolt shown in FIG. 1; the chuck 8 in the present invention is provided with a concave hole ¹⁴ corresponding to the end of the screw 1. The convex post 8 1 and the fixing groove 8 2 for installing the lower lock spring.

As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 9A, FIG. 9B, and FIG. 9C are schematic diagrams of the upper lock spring 5, the middle lock spring 6, and the lower lock spring 7 shown in FIG. 1, respectively. In this embodiment, the upper lock spring 5. The inner diameter of the middle lock spring 6 is slightly smaller than the small diameter of the screw 1 engaged with it. The difference between the two is about 1/2 pitch, and the outer diameter of the lower lock spring 7 is slightly larger than the large diameter of the screw 1 engaged with it. The difference between the two is about 1/2 pitch; one end of the upper lock spring 5 and the middle lock spring 6 are respectively provided with wide fixed ends 5 1, 6 1, which are respectively locked in the fixing grooves 3 5 and 3 of the nut 3 and In the fixing groove 4 4 of the lower nut 4, the other ends of the upper lock spring 5 and the middle lock spring 6 are the movable ends 5 2 and 6 2; when assembled, the upper lock spring 5, the middle lock spring 6 and the nut 3 and the lower nut are respectively After the 4 are engaged, their movable ends are inserted into the unlocking holes 3 2 of the nut 3 and the unlocking holes 4 3 of the lower nut 4 respectively; the fixed end 7 1 of the lower lock spring 7 is hooked into the fixing slot 8 2 of the chuck 8 The movable end 72 is seated in the unlocking groove 12 of the screw 1.

The geometric shapes of the cross sections of the various springs used in the bolt of the present invention may be various geometric shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a diamond, a rectangle, or a triangle. In this embodiment, the geometric shapes of the cross sections of the spring are diamond.

In this embodiment, the recessed hole 14 at the center of the bottom end surface of the screw 1 is hexagonal or square, and the corresponding convex post 8 1 on the corresponding chuck 8 is also hexagonal or square to prevent the screw 1 and the card from being stuck. With respect to the relative rotation between the heads 8, the cross section of the concave hole 14 and the convex post 8 1 in this embodiment is hexagonal.

In this embodiment, the nut 3 and the lower nut 4 are combined by a thread, and a hexagonal hole crimping type may also be adopted. Way of joining.

The invention has the following effects:

The bolt with a self-locking energy storage device of the present invention is designed by making full use of the elastic characteristics of springs and the effect of friction, and by using the direct or indirect meshing of a thread with a coil spring. It is a type of energy storage, self-locking, The interlocking, interlocking, and automatic pre-tensioning mechanisms are integrated. Each component in the device has a one-way self-locking feature, the energy storage pin and the screw interlock, the energy storage spring and the nut interlock, the nut self-locking and interlocking with the screw. Under the action of stored mechanical energy, it is possible that relative forward rotation and reverse rotation are prevented, and the combined parts can only be tightened and cannot be moved backward.

The device has a compact structure, eliminating the need for additional accessories and assembly processes such as counter top nuts, through-opening locks, spring washers, flat washers, wire flaps, and non-return pieces. It is especially convenient to use, which improves the service life of fasteners and is safe and reliable. It has a strong anti-damage effect and can achieve standardized and serialized production.

Because the device of the present invention is provided with an unlocking hole and an unlocking slot, which is convenient for mechanical disassembly, when disassembling, first use a screwdriver to pick up the energy storage spring hook 2 4 from the blind hole 3 1, and then hold the inner spring after the energy is released. Terminal 2 3 reverses the rotation of the energy storage spring ² . Then insert the aluminum rivet or other soft metal wire into the unlocking hole 3 2 to press the movable end 5 2 or 6 2. At this time, the self-locking state of the nut 3 and the lower nut 4 is released, and it can be like an ordinary nut. Lemon down. The mechanism is to enlarge the inner diameter of the self-locking spring, and the friction force is relatively eliminated. The second is the overall disassembly, which is directly reversed with a wrench to destroy the chuck 8 at the bottom of the screw and remove the bolt as a whole; only the chuck 8 needs to be replaced during assembly. The mechanism is that the upper part of the screw consists of an energy storage spring, a nut, and a lower The self-locking and interlocking force of the nut is very large, and the projection 8 1 where the chuck 8 and the screw 1 match is relatively thin, and can be screwed out strongly to deform or distort it. The screw can bring the lower lock spring out. The chuck can be reinstalled after replacement.

The main components of the device can be used in full or partly or individually with ordinary standard screws or nuts as required. According to the requirements of use, the unlocking hole may not be provided, and the fixing of the lower lock spring and the screw may be directly connected to the bottom of the screw without a chuck. The energy storage spring also has a separate and directly used with ordinary standard bolts to replace accessories such as open locks. Industrial applicability

The bolt with self-locking energy storage device of the present invention is mainly directed to the common standard screw of present international standards. Or the nut is designed to be used in combination, without changing the supporting parts, it has interchangeability, versatility and strong practicability, suitable for various fasteners, and convenient for automation and mass production.

Claims

Rights request

1. A bolt with a self-locking energy storage device, comprising: a screw and a nut that can be screwed with the screw; an inner wall of the nut is engaged with an upper lock spring; a lower end of the nut is provided with a transverse direction The unlocking hole is provided with a fixing groove on the upper end surface, one end of the upper lock spring is locked in the fixing groove, and the other end is inserted into the unlocking hole.

2. The bolt according to claim 1, wherein the screw is formed into two parts with different diameters, the diameter of the lower end part of the screw is smaller, the smaller diameter part is engaged with a lock spring, and the threads of the two parts are unified Spiral lines.

3. The bolt according to claim 2, wherein the nut comprises a lower nut having the same internal thread as the lower nut, and the lower nut is integrated with the nut, and a middle lock spring is engaged on the inner wall of the lower nut.

4. The bolt according to claim 3, wherein an energy storage spring is engaged on the outer diameter of the screw, and the energy storage spring includes an internal lock spring having a self-locking effect and an external torsion spring having a thrust effect. An end of the torsion spring is coupled to the nut.

5. The bolt according to claim 2, wherein an unlocking groove is provided at a lower end portion of a larger diameter portion of the screw; a fixed end of the lower lock spring is hooked to a fixing groove at a lower end portion of the screw The movable end is inserted into the unlocking groove of the screw.

6. The bolt according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall of the nut is divided into upper and lower sections with different inner diameters, an upper section with a smaller inner diameter is engaged with the upper lock spring, and a lower section with a larger inner diameter is engaged with The outer wall of the lower nut is cooperatively connected, and an upper end surface of the nut is provided with a blind hole for planting an end of the energy storage spring.

7. The bolt according to claim 3, wherein the lower nut is a cap-shaped body with an internal thread, an internal thread is provided with a thread that engages the intermediate lock spring, and an outer wall of the lower nut is in contact with the intermediate lock spring. The nuts are cooperatively connected. The upper end of the lower nut is provided with a fixing groove, and the flat nut of the lower nut is provided with an unlocking hole.

8. The bolt according to claim 5, characterized in that one end of the middle lock spring is provided with a thick fixed end, which is clamped in the fixing groove of the lower nut, and the movable end of the middle lock spring is inserted In the unlocking hole of the lower nut.

9. The bolt according to claim 5, wherein a recessed hole is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the screw, a chuck is inserted in the recessed hole, and a fixing groove at the lower end of the screw is located on the chuck.

10. The bolt according to claim 9, characterized in that the chuck has a "convex" shape, an upper end is provided with a convex column matching the concave hole at the end of the screw, and a lower lock spring is installed on the bottom surface. Used fixing slot.

1 1. The bolt according to claim 7, characterized in that the nut is connected with the lower nut: a lower section of the inner wall of the nut is provided with a thread having a smaller pitch, and an outer wall of the lower nut is provided with a thread corresponding to the nut. Engaged threads.

1 2. The bolt according to claim 7, characterized in that the nut is connected with the lower nut: a cross section of the inner wall of the lower section of the nut is hexagonal, and a cross section of the outer wall of the upper section of the lower nut is connected to the inner wall of the nut Hexagons fitted at the bottom.

1 3. A bolt with a self-locking energy storage device includes a screw and a nut that can be screwed with the screw, characterized in that the screw forms two parts with different diameters, and the diameter of the lower end part of the screw is smaller, The smaller diameter part is engaged with a lock spring, and the threads of the two parts form a unified spiral.

14. A bolt with a self-locking energy storage device includes a screw and a nut that can be screwed with the screw, and is further characterized by an energy storage spring engaged with the outer diameter of the screw and an energy storage spring. It includes an inner lock spring with a self-locking action and an outer torsion spring with a thrust action. The upper end of the nut is provided with a blind hole for planting the ends of the outer torsion spring.