WO1999017600A1 - Ustensile agricole pour briser les mottes - Google Patents

Ustensile agricole pour briser les mottes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999017600A1
WO1999017600A1 PCT/AU1998/000740 AU9800740W WO9917600A1 WO 1999017600 A1 WO1999017600 A1 WO 1999017600A1 AU 9800740 W AU9800740 W AU 9800740W WO 9917600 A1 WO9917600 A1 WO 9917600A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soil
rotatable body
implement
field
rotatable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1998/000740
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Alexander Lacey
Original Assignee
John Alexander Lacey
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by John Alexander Lacey filed Critical John Alexander Lacey
Priority to AU89668/98A priority Critical patent/AU735797B2/en
Publication of WO1999017600A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999017600A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B35/00—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
    • A01B35/16—Other machines for working soil not specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing with rotating or circulating non-propelled tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B27/00—Clod-crushers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an agricultural implement and particularly relates to a soil working implement used in conservation cropping and minimum tillage in previous crop residue (also called trash), and also as a general soil loosening implement.
  • Another problem with field cultivation is to ensure that the upper layer of soil is finely separated and does not include large clods of dirt. Clods disrupt the seeding process, and if not broken, up have a deleterious effect. Currently, tynes alone do not effectively break up clods but instead bring the clods to the surface.
  • the present invention is directed to an agricultural implement which may overcome the abovementioned disadvantages or provide the public with a useful or commercial choice.
  • the invention resides in an agricultural implement comprising a rotatable body adapted to roll over a field and at least one soil penetration means which penetrates the soil and which passes compacted soil underneath the body to be broken up thereby.
  • the soil penetration means can comprise a prong, spike, tyne, knife, rib, helical flight, disc, or any other type of soil penetration means which as, well as penetrating the soil is configured or functions to push or otherwise pass any clods or compacted soil towards and underneath the rotatable body which then breaks or crushes the clods or compacted soil.
  • the soil penetration means may be attached to the rotatable body and typically at or adjacent one side of the body. To improve efficiency, a number of soil penetration means may be attached to the rotatable body, for instance three or four prongs or tines, and the like, may be spaced about the rotatable body.
  • the rotatable body may have an axis of rotation which is between eighty to less than ninety degrees relative to the direction of travel. This slight inclination can provide the mechanism whereby the soil penetration means passes compacted soil to underneath the body.
  • a helical screw, or the like can be provided adjacent the rotatable body to pass clods or other compacted soil underneath the body.
  • the rotatable body is preferably driven by engagement with the ground as opposed to being separately driven by a drive motor, or the like.
  • the rotatable body may be sufficiently wide to appreciably break up or crush any clods or compacted earth under it.
  • the rotatable body can comprise a drum, cylinder, or a polygonal type elongate body which can roll over the ground.
  • the length of the rotatable body can vary to suit and can be between one centimeter up to one metre, with a preferred range being between ten to forty centimetres.
  • the rotatable body is typically mounted to an axle which is itself supported by a frame or tool bar, the frame or tool bar being known in the art.
  • ground enhancing means may be provided and these can include cleats, projections, knobs, and the like.
  • the invention resides in a method of cultivating a field containing a crop residue, the method comprising an agricultural tyne adapted to pass through the crop residue and the soil and an adjacent rotatable body adapted to roll over the field and which temporarily holds the crop residue against the ground as the tyne passes through.
  • the adjacent ratable body may be identical or similar to the one described as above and may have soil penetration means.
  • the invention resides in an agricultural implement for covering a furrow with adjacent soil, the implement comprising a rotatable body adapted to roll over a field, at least one soil penetration means on the body, the body and/or the soil penetration means being constructed that rotation of the body adjacent the furrow causes the at least one soil penetration means to pass soil adjacent the furrow into the furrow.
  • the field may or may not include a trash blanket and the rotatable body and its soil penetration means can flick or pass soil from the walls of the furrow back into the furrow in an efficient manner.
  • the rotatable body can function to break up any clods or compacted soil.
  • a furrow is formed with a tyne and immediately behind the tyne is a tube through which seeds pass such that the seeds pass into the furrow formed by the tyne.
  • the rotatable body can be positioned adjacent a tyne such that the system can be used for a field having a trash blanket or residual trash.
  • the tyne functions to provide the furrow
  • the ratable body can function inter alia to minimise clogging of the tyne and also to fill in the furrow after the seeds have been placed in it.
  • Figure 1 shows an agricultural implement having a rotatable body and a number of soil penetration means
  • Figure 2 is a side view of an agricultural implement of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 shows a pair of agricultural implements attached to a common tool bar
  • Figure 4 illustrates the agricultural implement of Figures 1 and 2 adjacent an agricultural tyne
  • Figure 5 illustrates a scraper to keep the rotatable body clean
  • Figure 6 shows (in slightly exaggerated format) the inclined angle of the rotatable bodies relative to the direction of travel
  • Figures 7A - 7C are side views of the agricultural implement of Figure 1 breaking up a soil clod;
  • Figures 8A - 8C are plan views of the agricultural implement corresponding to Figures 7A - 7C;
  • Figure 9 illustrates the use of an agricultural implement for covering a furrow with soil.
  • an agricultural implement 10 which includes a rotatable body 11 which is adapted to roll over a field and a number of soil penetration means in the form of prongs 12 which penetrate the soil.
  • Implement 10 is mounted to an axle (not shown), one end of which is fixed to a support bracket 13 which is itself fixed to a steel member 14, steel member 14 being fixed to a tool bar 15 (see Figure 3), tool bar 15 being known in the art.
  • Member 14 is adjusted in length such that body 11 contacts the ground or is adjacent the ground and rolls along the ground as the tool bar 15 is pulled forwardly by a tractor or other type of vehicle.
  • Body 11 in the embodiment is a cylindrical steel hollow drum having a continuous outer surface to prevent clogging.
  • the drum has opposed ends 16, 17 and the length of the drum (that is, the distance between end 16, 17) can vary to suit but in the embodiment is between twenty to fifty centimetres.
  • prongs 12 Arranged adjacent each end 16, 17 are a number of prongs 12 which function as the soil penetration means.
  • four prongs are spaced equi-distant about each end 16, 17 such that body 11 supports eight prongs.
  • Prongs are typically formed from steel and are knife- shaped to facilitate penetration into and through the soil.
  • each prong has length of between ten to thirty centimetres. The prongs on one end of body 11 are non-aligned with the prongs on the other end of body 11 , this providing a smoother action.
  • FIG. 6 a pair of implements 10A, 10B are illustrated showing that the implements are slightly inclined relative to the direction of the travel (indicated by arrow 19). This slight inclination is an embodiment of how the prongs 12 function to push compacted soil or clods to beneath body 11 to be crushed thereby.
  • FIG. 7A body 11 rolls over ground surface 20 and leading prong 12A is above the ground surface.
  • Figure 7A also shows a below ground clod of earth 21.
  • leading prong 12A has penetrated ground surface 20 and has contacted clod 21. Because of the inclined angle of body 11 (see Figure 8A), continued rotation of leading prong 12A will provide a sideways push indicated by arrow 22 in Figure 8B which pushes clod 21 to the side. As clod 21 is below the ground, such a sideways push will force clod 21 more towards the surface as is illustrated between Figure 7B and Figure 7C.
  • Prong 12A also pushed clod 21 in front of the path of body 11 and body 11 rolls over clod 21 (see Figures 7C and 8C) which crushes or breaks up the clod. This series of steps is continually repeated by each of the prongs as body 11 rolls over the ground surface.
  • the prongs 23 on the other side of roller 11 do not function to push any clods underneath roller 11 but function to further cultivate and aerate the soil.
  • implement 10 is positioned adjacent a conventional other type of tyne 24.
  • Tyne 24 in the embodiment is a conventional tyne that rips through the trash blanket and into the soil. These tynes accumulate or get fouled with trash in front of the tyne and need to be periodically cleaned.
  • rotatable body 11 functions to press down the trash blanket (or in another manner of speaking clamp the trash blanket to the ground surface) just long enough for tyne 24 to rip therethrough. It is found that this reduces or eliminates fouling of tyne 24 by the trash blanket.
  • Implement 10 can still function to crush any clods which are loosened by prongs 12.
  • Figure 9 shows another use for the agricultural implement 10.
  • Figure 9 shows a top view of implement 10 next to a tyne 24 which moves in the direction of arrow 25.
  • Behind tyne 24 is a hollow tube 26 which functions as a seeder to drop seeds into the furrow 27 created by tyne 24.
  • the prongs of implement 10 push soil in the direction of arrow 28 into furrow 27 thereby providing an effective means to cover the furrow without unduly affecting the seeds.
  • the invention includes the function of piercing a trash blanket on the soil surface, engaging the soil beneath it and exerting forces to loosen compaction caused by the passage of time and machinery.
  • the implement By positioning implement 10 adjacent a tyne, the implement pins or traps the trash blanket to the soil thereby causing the trash blanket to be drawn from the leading edge of the tyne allowing it to pass without or with reduced clogging.
  • the implement has an effect on the crop residue which allows inputs of crop nutrients and soil conditioners to percolate through the residue to the soil surface and places the residue in a position that is desirable for crop husbandry.
  • Body 11 in the embodiment is fully sheeted to prevent clogging, provide good contact with disturbed soil and to protect the internal parts (typically the bearings).
  • a pair of implements are provided as a left-hand and a right-hand set and the set of the unit is manufactured into the mounting angles and the prongs.
  • the off-set angle of implement 10 to the direction of travel causes the prong as it contacts the ground to travel in a transverse direction creating sideways thrust on the soil which loosens and raises clods of compacted soil which are in turn crushed or broken up by body 11.
  • the prong leaves the soil it continues to travel sideways which further loosens the soil and moves the trash blanket in that direction and fluffs it up.
  • the prongs also mix some residue with the soil during this action.
  • the prongs on body 11 allow for a more positive pressure over the trash blanket than is noted with a conventional coulter, because the prongs action is to press down with no forward tendency, this causing residue to build up in front of the coulters.
  • the staggered and spaced soil contact points illustrated in the embodiment do not provide a complete passageway for runoff water thereby reducing erosion and slowing the movement of water to allow more time for absorption of the water.
  • Prongs 12 generally have a sideways movement of less than ten centimetres while in contact with the soil. This allows the implement to be used much closer to the stool of the crop which is being ratooned than is possible with conventional systems which are much more aggressive and can destroy the root system of the crop.
  • any clods of soil on the base of the crop stalks are a major cause of wear to harvesters. Also, harvesters often lift the clods of soil into the harvested material causing further problems and expenses to the mill.
  • the implements can be used close to the stool of the crop and can reduce or eliminate many of the clods of soil, thereby reducing harvester wear and problems and expenses to the mill.
  • the paired units When the paired units are set so the prongs move further apart when operating, the volume of the crop residue is lessened in the area between the units. This aids tillering of the stool by allowing some light to reach the stool.
  • the nitrogen component can be lost into the atmosphere through volatilisation.
  • the fertiliser will move down through the trash blanket because of the action of the unit. Under the trash blanket, it will be protected from the effects of fog, dew and light rain until sufficient rain or irrigation occurs to penetrate the trash blanket and dissolve the fertiliser for the plants to access.
  • the unit's dimension can be matched to suit particular circumstances because ripping tynes can be of varying lengths or, if used in conjunction with a machine such as a seed drill, the area between the drill boots and below the frame and mechanisms dictates the maximum measurements.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

Un ustensile agricole (10) comporte un corps rotatif (11) adapté pour rouler sur un champ mais sans pénétrer dans la surface de la terre, et au moins un organe (12) pénétrant dans le sol, fixé à ce corps rotatif (11) et faisant saillie par rapport à celui-ci. Cet organe de pénétration (12) a pour fonction de pénétrer dans le sol à mesure que le corps (11) tourne, et de déplacer le sol compact dans une direction latérale par rapport au sens de déplacement du corps rotatif (11) afin qu'il soit brisé par ce dernier.
PCT/AU1998/000740 1997-10-06 1998-09-11 Ustensile agricole pour briser les mottes WO1999017600A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU89668/98A AU735797B2 (en) 1997-10-06 1998-09-11 Agricultural implement for breaking up clods

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU39898/97 1997-10-06
AU39898/97A AU692422B3 (en) 1997-10-06 1997-10-06 An agricultural implement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999017600A1 true WO1999017600A1 (fr) 1999-04-15

Family

ID=3726996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1998/000740 WO1999017600A1 (fr) 1997-10-06 1998-09-11 Ustensile agricole pour briser les mottes

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU692422B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999017600A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2567203C1 (ru) * 2014-10-07 2015-11-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет (ФГБОУ ВПО Волгоградский ГАУ) Мелиоративное почвообрабатывающее орудие

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2870677A (en) * 1976-09-10 1979-03-15 Liesfield, Jack Cultivating attachement for ploughs
GB2153192A (en) * 1984-01-30 1985-08-21 Lely Nv C Van Der A soil cultivating implement with a ground contacting roller assembly
US4776290A (en) * 1980-02-08 1988-10-11 Maschinenfabrik Rau Gmbh Power take-off Shaft driven ground preparation machine
RU2067799C1 (ru) * 1992-08-10 1996-10-20 Коллективное предприятие "Киевтрактородеталь" Почвообрабатывающее орудие

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2870677A (en) * 1976-09-10 1979-03-15 Liesfield, Jack Cultivating attachement for ploughs
US4776290A (en) * 1980-02-08 1988-10-11 Maschinenfabrik Rau Gmbh Power take-off Shaft driven ground preparation machine
GB2153192A (en) * 1984-01-30 1985-08-21 Lely Nv C Van Der A soil cultivating implement with a ground contacting roller assembly
RU2067799C1 (ru) * 1992-08-10 1996-10-20 Коллективное предприятие "Киевтрактородеталь" Почвообрабатывающее орудие

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 97-270335/24, Class P11; & RU 2067799 C1 (KIEVTRAKTORODETAL ENTERP.) 20 October 1996. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU692422B3 (en) 1998-06-04

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