WO1999017001A1

WO1999017001A1 - Power output engine

Info

Publication number: WO1999017001A1
Application number: PCT/CN1998/000192
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jianli Li
Original assignee: Jianli Li
Priority date: 1997-09-30
Filing date: 1998-09-21
Publication date: 1999-04-08
Also published as: CN1213038A

Abstract

A high efficiency power output engine consists of a gasoline engine (1) and a steam engine (2). An inlet and exhaust channel (12) is provided between the exhaust port of said gasoline engine and the inlet port of said steam engine. A heat exchanger (11) and a high pressure water injection system (12) are mounted in the cylinder (8) of said steam engine. The exhaust gas from gasoline engine is delivered to the cylinder of said steam engine by said inlet and output channel (12), and recompressed. The high temperature compressed gas is stored temporarily in said heat exchanger (11). The preheated water will be sprayed into said heat exchanger in right moment, said water will be vaporized and will expand rapidly in said heat exchanger to output power, and then the expanded vapor is exhausted from exhaust port of steam engine.

Description

T / CN98 / 0 1 2

Power Heat Engine

The invention relates to a power heat engine, which can convert thermal energy into mechanical energy with high thermal efficiency, thereby providing power for a locomotive, an engine, and the like. Background technique

As we all know, the actual thermal efficiency of various types of heat engines widely used at present is very low. According to the thermal balance diagram of the internal combustion engine (see Figure 5), when the internal combustion engine is operating, the heat I taken away by the exhaust gas is 100% to 40% and the cooling medium II is 25 to 30%. The other heat loss III is 5%, and the heat converted into effective work IV is only 20 ~ 30%, that is, 70 ~ 80% of the energy is wasted. How to obtain energy-saving high-efficiency internal combustion engines has been one of the major issues that internal combustion engine experts around the world have been working hard to solve.

At present, in the field of internal combustion engines, the main improvement approaches have been to improve the combustion quality of fuel and reduce the mechanical friction loss of the internal combustion engine, such as electronic ignition, microelectronic control of gasoline injection, improvement of combustion chambers, application of new materials, etc., although It has also achieved considerable results and considerable commercial value, but the above improvement of the internal combustion engine only focuses on the recovery of other heat losses (III) in the internal heat balance diagram of the internal combustion engine, but ignores the loss of the exhaust gas and the cooling medium. 70 ~ 80% of heat, so the improvement of thermal efficiency is limited, which also shows that it is quite difficult to recover energy from exhaust gas and cooling medium. Summary of the Invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide an efficient energy-saving power heat engine, which can effectively use the heat lost during the exhaust and cooling of the heat engine, thereby improving the thermal efficiency.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention proposes a high-efficiency energy-saving power heat engine, which is a combination of a gasoline engine and a steam engine. The piston in the gasoline engine and the steam in the steam engine The steam piston is connected to the crankshaft through a connecting rod, respectively. An internal intake and exhaust passage is provided between the exhaust port of the gasoline engine and the intake port of the steam engine. A heat exchanger and a heat transfer unit are provided in the steam engine cylinder. The high-pressure water spraying mechanism that injects high-pressure mist water into the exchanger, the exhaust gas from the gasoline engine enters the steam cylinder through the intake and exhaust channels, and then compresses, and temporarily stores the high-temperature gas in the heat exchanger. The mechanism sprays high-pressure mist-like water into the heat exchanger, so that the water is rapidly vaporized through the heat exchanger to generate high-pressure steam, which expands to do work. Finally, the moderately expanded steam is discharged out of the machine through the steam engine exhaust port.

The high-pressure mist water sprayed into the steam cylinder can be preheated in the cooling medium of various heat engines with cooling systems before entering the steam cylinder.

The volume of the steam engine cylinder of the heat engine is greater than or equal to the volume of the cylinder of the gasoline engine associated with it.

The steam engine may be a reciprocating piston structure having a four-stroke changing motion mode, and a rotary piston type structure having a four-stroke changing motion mode.

In addition to the above-mentioned heat engine composed of a gasoline engine and a steam engine, the remaining diesel engines, free-piston engines, gas turbines, various external combustion engines, various special fuel internal combustion engines, and natural or artificial energy with high-temperature gas discharge or high-temperature gas can be generated Both can be combined with steam engines to form different types of energy-efficient power heat engines.

The high-pressure mist water can be vaporized directly in the hot exhaust gas in the steam engine room of the heat engine without passing through the heat exchanger. In addition, not only water can be injected into the steam chamber of the heat engine at high pressure, other suitable liquids can also be selected. Overview of the drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 4 are schematic diagrams illustrating the structure of a power heat engine according to the present invention and its working principle during a working cycle.

Fig. 5 is a known heat balance diagram of an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 6 is a heat balance diagram of a power heat engine according to the present invention. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 is a gasoline engine, and reference numeral 2 is a steam engine. The high-efficiency energy-saving power heat engine according to the present invention is a combination of a gasoline engine 1 and a steam engine. A piston 4 in the gasoline engine and a steam piston 5 in the steam engine pass through a connecting rod. 6 and crankshaft 3 are connected. An internal air inlet and exhaust passage 12 is provided between the exhaust port of the gasoline engine 1 and the air inlet of the steam engine. A heat exchanger 11 and a high-pressure gas injection into the heat exchanger 11 are provided in the steam cylinder 8. The high-pressure water spraying mechanism 10 of mist water, the exhaust gas discharged from the gasoline engine 1 enters the steam cylinder 8 through the intake and exhaust channels 12 and then compresses it, and temporarily stores the high-temperature gas in the heat exchanger 11 by the water spraying mechanism when appropriate. 10 Inject high-pressure mist-like water into the heat exchanger, and quickly vaporize the water through the heat exchanger 11 to generate high-pressure steam, which expands to do work. Finally, the moderately expanded steam is discharged out of the machine through the steam engine exhaust port. The volume of the cylinder of the steam engine of the heat engine is larger than the volume of the cylinder of the matching gasoline engine.

The high-pressure mist water sprayed into the steam cylinder body 8 can be preheated in the cooling medium of various types of heat engines with cooling systems before entering the steam cylinder.

In addition, the high-pressure mist water can be vaporized directly in the hot exhaust gas of the steam engine room in the heat engine without passing through the heat exchanger 11. Moreover, not only water can be sprayed into the steam chamber of the engine at high pressure, other suitable liquids can also be used.

The working process of the heat engine according to the present invention is as follows:

As shown in FIG. 1, the normally running gasoline engine 1 is in the ignition position. The gas-fuel mixture in the cylinder 7 of the gasoline engine 1 is ignited and rapidly expanded by the high-pressure electric spark released by the spark plug 9 to push the piston 4 downward. The connecting rod 6 and the crankshaft 3 are externally outputted. In FIG. 1, when the piston 4 of the gasoline engine is in the working stroke, under the action of the crankshaft 3 and the connecting rod 6, the steam piston 5 in the steam engine 2 is moved upward, and the exhaust gas in the steam cylinder 8 is discharged into the exhaust stroke. At this point, the high-efficiency energy-saving power heat engine has completed a combined working process and entered the working stroke shown in FIG. 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the gasoline engine 1 is in the exhaust stroke. Under the related action of the crankshaft 3 and the connecting rod 6, the steam engine 2 has completed the exhaust stroke and is in the intake stroke. Because an internal intake and exhaust passage 12 is provided between the exhaust port of the gasoline engine 1 and the steam engine intake port, The exhaust gas emitted by the gasoline engine 1 is not directly discharged into the atmosphere like the currently widely used internal combustion engine, but is directly sent into the steam cylinder 8 of the steam engine 2 through the intake and exhaust passages 12. At this point, the high-efficiency energy-saving power heat engine has completed the second combined working stroke and entered the working process shown in FIG. 3.

As shown in Fig. 3, the gasoline engine 1 is in the intake stroke and sucks the gas-air mixture, while the steam engine 2 is in the compression stroke driven by the crankshaft 3 and the flywheel 13 and the like. Most of the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gasoline engine 1 is pressed into the heat exchanger 11 in the steam cylinder 8. The high-temperature exhaust gas flows at high speed in this special heat exchanger 11 and has a large area with the inner surface of the heat exchanger 11. As a result, most of the thermal energy in the exhaust gas discharged from the gasoline engine 1 is temporarily stored in the exchanger 11. At this point, the high-efficiency energy-saving dynamic heat engine has completed the third combined combined working stroke and entered the working process shown in FIG. 4.

In the schematic diagram of FIG. 4, the gasoline engine 1 is in a compression stroke, compresses the oil-gas mixture in the cylinder 7 to prepare for the next stroke, and the steam engine 2 is fed to the heat exchanger 11 in the steam cylinder 8 through the high-pressure water spraying mechanism 10. Inject the high-pressure atomized water in a timely and appropriate amount. In the best embodiment, the high-pressure atomized water sprayed into the steam cylinder 8 is preferably pre-heated in the cooling medium of various types of heat engines with cooling systems before entering. In the steam cylinder, these mist-like water rapidly absorbs the heat of the exhaust gas stored in the heat exchanger 11 and the heat of the exhaust gas in the high-speed flow in the high-speed exhaust gas flow, so that the mist-like water is quickly vaporized into superheated steam, and the volume is rapidly expanded, pushing Steam piston 5 outputs work. At this point, the energy-efficient power heat engine has completed the fourth combined working stroke. In this working stroke, not only the energy in the exhaust gas is used during the operation of the heat engine, but most of the heat in the cooling medium is also recovered through the preheating process of the cooling medium. After the fourth combined working stroke is completed, the heat engine enters into the working process shown in Figure 1. Repeatedly in this way, the basic principle operation of the present invention is completed.

The above is only a type of high-efficiency energy-saving power engine for reciprocating gasoline-powered engines and special steam units in internal combustion engines. Others include reciprocating-piston engines, rotary-piston engines, free-piston engines, gas turbines, and various external combustion engines in internal combustion engines. As well as natural or artificial energy sources that emit high-temperature gas or can generate high-temperature gas. A variety of high-efficiency energy-saving power heat models with different principles and compositions are described in the present invention. Because their basic working principles are similar to those described above, they are not described here. Industrial applicability

The energy-efficient power heat engine designed according to the above principles has the following characteristics in practical applications:

1. In the combination type of gasoline engine working under cooling medium, the high-pressure water mist entering the steam engine must be preheated in the cooling system in advance, and a considerable part of the heat in the cooling medium is taken away. In this way, the gasoline engine 1 Cooling system can be designed smaller and simpler

2. During the working cycle of the high-efficiency energy-saving power heat engine, when the gasoline engine 1 is in the exhaust stroke, the steam engine 2 is in the intake stroke. Because the exhaust gas discharged from the gasoline engine 1 directly enters the steam of the steam engine through the exhaust channel 12 In the cylinder 8, the volume of the steam cylinder 8 is larger than the volume of the gasoline engine cylinder 7, and the steam piston 5 is in the downward suction stroke. In this way, the high temperature and pressure exhaust gas discharged from the gasoline engine 1 will not be the same as that of a normal gasoline engine. A certain back pressure is generated, and due to the pumping effect, the exhaust gas can be discharged more smoothly and the ventilation quality is better.

3. Compared with the internal combustion engine with the same displacement, the power heat engine according to the present invention has greater power, because the thermal efficiency of the general internal combustion engine is only 20 ~ 30%, and the power heat engine according to the present invention will exhaust 30 ~ 43% of the heat and 15 ~ 37% of the heat in the cooling medium together with other effective heat totaling more than 70% of heat (ie, IV in Figure 6) are converted into steam and act on a steam piston with a larger top area, so it can produce Several times more power than a gasoline engine of the same diameter, see Figure 6.

4. In the high-efficiency energy-saving power engine, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gasoline engine 1 is at 600 ~ 900 ° C. These exhaust gases enter the steam cylinder 8 of the steam engine 2 and are compressed to heat up the steam cylinder 8 and the heat exchanger 11, if an appropriate amount of After the high-pressure mist water is vaporized, it not only expands to perform work, but also directly cools the inner surface of the steam cylinder and the top surface of the piston during the expansion process, so that the cooling device can be omitted in the structure of the steam engine. In addition, due to the large heat capacity of water, It can be vaporized at normal pressure of 100 ° C, so in the design of the steam engine, it can be considered that the steam discharge temperature is about 100 ~ 150 ° C, and the discharge pressure is about 1. 5 ~ 2kg / cm ² or so. In this way, the exhaust temperature of the high-efficiency energy-saving power heat engine is not only lower than the exhaust gas emission temperature of 600 ~ 900 ° C of ordinary gasoline engines, but also the exhaust noise is small, which can greatly reduce the noise pollution and urban exhaust heat pollution.

Claims

Rights request

1. A power heat engine, characterized in that it is a combination of a gasoline engine (1) and a steam engine (2), a piston (4) in the gasoline engine (1) and a steam piston (5) in the steam engine (2) The connecting rod (6) and the crankshaft (3) are connected respectively. An internal air inlet and exhaust passage (12) is provided between the exhaust port of the gasoline engine (1) and the air inlet of the steam engine. The steam engine cylinder (8) There is a heat exchanger (11) and a high-pressure water spraying mechanism (10) that can inject high-pressure mist water into the heat exchanger (11). The exhaust gas from the gasoline engine (1) passes through the intake and exhaust channels ( 12) Enter the steam cylinder (8) and compress it, and temporarily store the high-temperature gas in the heat exchanger (11). When appropriate, the high-pressure mist water is sprayed into the heat exchanger by the water spraying mechanism (10). The water is rapidly vaporized through the heat exchanger (11) to generate high-pressure steam, which is expanded to perform work. Finally, the moderately expanded steam is discharged out of the machine through the steam engine exhaust port.

2. The power heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-pressure mist water sprayed into the steam cylinder body (8) can be preheated in the cooling medium of various types of heat engines with cooling systems before entering the steam cylinder. .

3. The power heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the steam engine cylinder of the heat engine is greater than or equal to the volume of the cylinder of the matching gasoline engine.

4. The power heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: said steam engine (2) is a reciprocating piston type structure with a four-stroke variable motion mode.

5. The power heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: said steam engine (2) is a rotary piston type structure with a four-stroke variable motion mode.

6. The power heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in addition to the gasoline engine and steam engine combination mechanism, the remaining diesel engines, free piston engines, gas turbines, various external combustion engines, various special fuel internal combustion engines and high-temperature gases Exhaust or can produce high temperature gas Natural energy or artificial energy and steam engines can form different types of energy-efficient power heat engines.

7. The power heat engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-pressure mist water can be directly vaporized in the hot exhaust gas of the steam engine room in the heat engine without passing through the heat exchanger (11).

8. The power heat engine according to claim 1, wherein not only water can be sprayed into the steam chamber of the heat engine at high pressure, but other suitable liquids can also be selected.