WO1999014389A1 - Neutron absorption film - Google Patents
Neutron absorption film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999014389A1 WO1999014389A1 PCT/DE1998/002721 DE9802721W WO9914389A1 WO 1999014389 A1 WO1999014389 A1 WO 1999014389A1 DE 9802721 W DE9802721 W DE 9802721W WO 9914389 A1 WO9914389 A1 WO 9914389A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- atomic
- neutron absorption
- absorption film
- alloy
- impurities
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
- G21C7/10—Construction of control elements
- G21C7/113—Control elements made of flat elements; Control elements having cruciform cross-section
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the invention relates to metallic materials for absorber shells for nuclear fuel elements and, in particular, to a homogeneous ductile neutron absorption film.
- Sheets made of boron-containing austenitic steels are used as the material for absorber casings for nuclear fuel elements.
- boron-containing austenitic steels have the property that they can trap thermal neutrons.
- the boron content is responsible for this neutron absorption effect.
- the absorption effect therefore depends on the boron content and the sheet thickness.
- the known austenitic steel sheets generally have thicknesses of 2 to 3 mm.
- the boron content in these steels should be as high as possible.
- these alloys should have sufficient corrosion resistance.
- Austenitic stainless iron alloys with approximately 18% by weight Cr, 10% by weight Ni and 1.5 to 2% by weight boron are typically used. In these crystalline iron-based alloys, however, the maximum boron content is limited to approximately 2% by weight . Higher boron contents are not advisable because the alloys become brittle and can no longer be processed into thin sheets.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a metal alloy with a high boron content, which has sufficient ductility.
- this object is achieved by an amorphous or nanocrystalline homogeneous alloy which essentially consists of 0 to 20 atomic% Fe and / or Co and / or Cr, 20 to 40 atomic% B, 0.1 to 10 atomic% Si and the rest Ni and optionally impurities.
- Such amorphous alloys can be produced in a manner known per se by the rapid solidification technique.
- a melt is produced and the melt is quenched on a rotating quenching wheel at a speed of at least about 10 50 ° C. per second.
- the nickel-based alloys according to the present invention can contain boron in contents of 20 to 35 atomic% and nevertheless can also be produced with strip thicknesses of more than 40 ⁇ m with sufficient ductility.
- the boron content of the nickel-based alloys according to the present invention is about a factor of 2 to 4 higher than the austenitic crystalline boron steels mentioned at the outset. This has the advantage that correspondingly less material has to be used in order to achieve the same neutron absorption effect. This in turn leads to a considerable saving in material and to a considerable reduction in costs.
- crystalline austenitic boron steel sheets with a thickness of 2 to 3 mm are used.
- this thickness can now be reduced accordingly to approximately 1 mm.
- the tapes are produced by multi-layer winding or by producing a thicker composite tape using suitable joining techniques such as spot welding, roller seam welding, etc.
- a composite of the crystalline austenitic boron steel sheets known from the prior art can be produced with one or more layers of the proposed amorphous strip.
- This has the advantage that the thickness of the crystalline steel can be considerably reduced by the additional use of the amorphous bands.
- the nickel-based alloys according to the present invention can further contain at least one of the elements Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Mn in a total proportion of less than 4 atomic%.
- the elements C, P and Ge can be contained in the alloy in a total proportion of less than 5 atom%, the total of Si, C, P, Ge being in the range of approximately 0 to 10 atom%.
- a particularly good alloy for neutron absorption foils are those which consist of 0 to 10 atom% Fe and / or Cr, 22 to 35 atom% B, 0.1 to 8 atom% Si and the rest Ni and possibly impurities consist. These cobalt-free alloys are extremely ductile and can be processed particularly well. Because the alloys are cobalt-free, they are not activated by neutrons.
- the neutron absorption films are preferably produced in a thickness of approximately 40 to 60 ⁇ m.
- Tapes approximately 2.5 to 6.5 mm wide and approximately 40 to 60 ⁇ m thick were produced by spraying a melt of the compositions in question onto a rapidly rotating copper cooling wheel. The melt was quenched on the copper cooling wheel at a rate of approximately 10 50 ° C / selO.
Abstract
The invention relates to the use of amorphous, nickel based alloys as materials for absorption sheaths for reactor fuel elements. Said amorphous nickel based alloys contain 20-35 % boron atoms, so that the boron content in comparison with known crystalline austenitic boron steels can be increased by a factor of 2-4.
Description
Beschreibungdescription
NeutronenabsorptionsfolieNeutron absorption film
Die Erfindung betrifft metallische Werkstoffe für Absorberhüllen für Kernkraftbrennelemente und speziell eine homogene duktile Neutronenabsorbtionsfolie .The invention relates to metallic materials for absorber shells for nuclear fuel elements and, in particular, to a homogeneous ductile neutron absorption film.
Als Werkstoff für Absorberhüllen für Kernbrennelemente werden Bleche aus borhaltigen austenitischen Stählen verwendet.Sheets made of boron-containing austenitic steels are used as the material for absorber casings for nuclear fuel elements.
Diese borhaltigen austenitischen Stählen besitzen die Eigenschaft, daß sie thermische Neutronen einfangen können. Für diese Neutronenabsorbtionswirkung ist der Borgehalt verantwortlich. Die Absorbtionswirkung hängt demnach vom Borgehalt und der Blechdicke ab.These boron-containing austenitic steels have the property that they can trap thermal neutrons. The boron content is responsible for this neutron absorption effect. The absorption effect therefore depends on the boron content and the sheet thickness.
Die bekannten austenitischen Stahlbleche haben in der Regel Dicken von 2 bis 3 mm. Um eine möglichst hohe Absorbtionswirkung zu erreichen, sollte der Borgehalt in diesen Stählen so hoch wie möglich liegen. Gleichzeitig sollen diese Legierungen aber eine ausreichende Korrosionsbeständigkeit aufweisen.The known austenitic steel sheets generally have thicknesses of 2 to 3 mm. In order to achieve the highest possible absorption effect, the boron content in these steels should be as high as possible. At the same time, however, these alloys should have sufficient corrosion resistance.
Eingesetzt werden typischerweise austenitische rostfreie Eisenlegierungen mit etwa 18 Gew.-% Cr, 10 Gew.-% Ni und 1,5 bis 2 Gew.-% Bor. In diesen kristallinen Eisenbasislegierungen ist der maximale Borgehalt jedoch auf etwa 2 Gew.-% begrenzt. Höhere Borgehalte sind nicht sinnvoll, da dann die Legierungen verspröden und nicht mehr zu dünnen Blechen verarbeitet werden können.Austenitic stainless iron alloys with approximately 18% by weight Cr, 10% by weight Ni and 1.5 to 2% by weight boron are typically used. In these crystalline iron-based alloys, however, the maximum boron content is limited to approximately 2% by weight . Higher boron contents are not advisable because the alloys become brittle and can no longer be processed into thin sheets.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Metallegierung mit einem hohen Borgehalt bereitzustellen, die eine ausreichende Duktilität aufweist .The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a metal alloy with a high boron content, which has sufficient ductility.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine amorphe oder nanokristalline homogene Legierung gelöst, die im wesentlichen aus 0 bis 20 Atom-% Fe und/oder Co und/oder Cr, 20 bis
40 Atom-% B, 0,1 bis 10 Atom-% Si und dem Rest Ni und gegebenenfalls Verunreinigungen besteht.According to the invention, this object is achieved by an amorphous or nanocrystalline homogeneous alloy which essentially consists of 0 to 20 atomic% Fe and / or Co and / or Cr, 20 to 40 atomic% B, 0.1 to 10 atomic% Si and the rest Ni and optionally impurities.
Solche amorphen Legierungen können in an sich bekannter Weise durch die Rascherstarrungstechnik hergestellt werden. Dabei wird eine Schmelze hergestellt und die Schmelze auf einem rotierenden Abschreckrad mit einer Geschwindigkeit von wenigstens etwa 105oC pro Sekunde abgeschreckt.Such amorphous alloys can be produced in a manner known per se by the rapid solidification technique. A melt is produced and the melt is quenched on a rotating quenching wheel at a speed of at least about 10 50 ° C. per second.
Die Nickel-Basis-Legierungen nach der vorliegenden Erfindung können Bor in Gehalten von 20 bis 35 Atom-% enthalten und trotzdem auch mit Banddicken von mehr als 40 μm mit ausreichender Duktilität hergestellt werden.The nickel-based alloys according to the present invention can contain boron in contents of 20 to 35 atomic% and nevertheless can also be produced with strip thicknesses of more than 40 μm with sufficient ductility.
Der Borgehalt der Nickel-Basis-Legierungen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist um etwa einen Faktor 2 bis 4 höher als die eingangs erwähnten austenitischen kristallinen Borstähle. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß entsprechend weniger Material eingesetzt werden muß, um die gleiche Neutronenabsorptionswir- kung zu erzielen. Dies führt wiederum zu einer erheblichen Materialeinsparung und zu einer erheblichen Kostenreduktion.The boron content of the nickel-based alloys according to the present invention is about a factor of 2 to 4 higher than the austenitic crystalline boron steels mentioned at the outset. This has the advantage that correspondingly less material has to be used in order to achieve the same neutron absorption effect. This in turn leads to a considerable saving in material and to a considerable reduction in costs.
Gemäß dem Stand der Technik werden kristalline austenitische Borstahlbleche mit einer Dicke von 2 bis 3 mm verwendet . Un- ter Verwendung der amorphen Nickel-Basis-Legierungen nach der vorliegenden Erfindung kann nun diese Dicke entsprechend auf etwa 1 mm reduziert werden. Dabei werden die Bänder durch mehrlagiges Wickeln oder durch Herstellen eines dickeren Verbundbandes mittels geeigneter Verbindungstechniken wie Punkt- schweißen, Rollnahtschweißen etc. hergestellt.According to the prior art, crystalline austenitic boron steel sheets with a thickness of 2 to 3 mm are used. Using the amorphous nickel-based alloys according to the present invention, this thickness can now be reduced accordingly to approximately 1 mm. The tapes are produced by multi-layer winding or by producing a thicker composite tape using suitable joining techniques such as spot welding, roller seam welding, etc.
Ferner kann ein Verbund der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten kristallinen austenitischen Borstahlbleche mit einer oder mehreren Lagen des vorgeschlagenen amorphen Bandes herge- stellt werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß durch die zusätzliche Verwendung der amorphen Bänder die Dicke des kristallinen Stahles erheblich reduziert werden kann.
Die Nickel-Basis-Legierungen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung können ferner wenigstens einer der Elemente Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Mn in einem Gesamtanteil von weniger als 4 Atom-%.Furthermore, a composite of the crystalline austenitic boron steel sheets known from the prior art can be produced with one or more layers of the proposed amorphous strip. This has the advantage that the thickness of the crystalline steel can be considerably reduced by the additional use of the amorphous bands. The nickel-based alloys according to the present invention can further contain at least one of the elements Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Mn in a total proportion of less than 4 atomic%.
Ferner können die Elemente C, P und Ge in einem Gesamtanteil von weniger als 5 Atom-% in der Legierung enthalten sein, wobei die Gesamtheit von Si, C, P, Ge im Bereich von etwa 0 bis 10 Atom-% liegt.Furthermore, the elements C, P and Ge can be contained in the alloy in a total proportion of less than 5 atom%, the total of Si, C, P, Ge being in the range of approximately 0 to 10 atom%.
Eine ganz besonders gute Legierung für Neutronenabsorptions- folien sind solche, die aus 0 bis 10 Atom-% Fe und/oder Cr, 22 bis 35 Atom-% B, 0,1 bis 8 Atom-% Si und dem Rest Ni und gegebenenfalls Verunreinigungen bestehen. Diese kobaltfreien Legierungen sind hervorragend duktil und können besonders gut verarbeitet werden. Dadurch daß die Legierungen kobaltfrei sind, werden sie auch nicht durch Neutronen aktiviert.A particularly good alloy for neutron absorption foils are those which consist of 0 to 10 atom% Fe and / or Cr, 22 to 35 atom% B, 0.1 to 8 atom% Si and the rest Ni and possibly impurities consist. These cobalt-free alloys are extremely ductile and can be processed particularly well. Because the alloys are cobalt-free, they are not activated by neutrons.
Vorzugsweise werden die Neutronenabsorptionsfolien in einer Dicke von etwa 40 bis 60 μm hergestellt.The neutron absorption films are preferably produced in a thickness of approximately 40 to 60 μm.
Bänder von etwa 2,5 bis 6 , 5 mm Breite und etwa 40 bis 60 μm Dicke wurden hergestellt, indem eine Schmelze der betreffenden Zusammensetzungen auf ein sich schnell drehendes Kup- ferabkühlrad aufgesprüht wurde. Die Schmelze wurde auf dem Kupferkühlrad mit einer Geschwindigkeit von ungefähr 105oC/selO abgeschreckt.
Tapes approximately 2.5 to 6.5 mm wide and approximately 40 to 60 μm thick were produced by spraying a melt of the compositions in question onto a rapidly rotating copper cooling wheel. The melt was quenched on the copper cooling wheel at a rate of approximately 10 50 ° C / selO.
Claims
1. Neutronenabsorptionsfolie bestehend aus einer homogenen duktilen amorphen oder nanokristallinen Legierung, wobei die Legierung im wesentlichen aus 0 bis 20 Atom-% Fe und/oder Co und/oder Cr und/oder Cr, 20 bis 40 Atom-% B, 0,1 bis 10 Atom- % Si und dem Rest Ni und gegebenenfalls Verunreinigungen steht.1. neutron absorption film consisting of a homogeneous ductile amorphous or nanocrystalline alloy, the alloy consisting essentially of 0 to 20 atomic% Fe and / or Co and / or Cr and / or Cr, 20 to 40 atomic% B, 0.1 up to 10 atomic% Si and the rest Ni and optionally impurities.
2. Neutronenabsorptionsfolie nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Legierung ferner wenigstens eines der Elemente V, Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, Ti, Mo, W, Mn in einem Gesamtanteil von weniger als 4 Atom-% enthalten kann.2. neutron absorption film according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the alloy may further contain at least one of the elements V, Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, Ti, Mo, W, Mn in a total proportion of less than 4 atomic%.
3. Neutronenabsorptionsfolie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Legierung ferner wenigstens eines der Elemente C, P, Ge in einem Gesamtanteil von weniger als 5 Atom-% enthalten kann und die Gesamtheit von Si, C, P, Ge im Bereich von etwa 0 bis 10 Atom-% liegt.3. neutron absorption film according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alloy may further contain at least one of the elements C, P, Ge in a total proportion of less than 5 atomic% and the total of Si, C, P, Ge in the range of is about 0 to 10 atomic%.
4. Neutronenabsorptionsfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Legierung im wesentlichen aus 0 bis 10 Atom-% Fe und/oder Cr, 22 bis 35 Atom-% B, 4 bis 8 Atom-% Si und dem Rest Nickel und gegebenenfalls Verunreinigungen besteht.4. neutron absorption film according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the alloy consists essentially of 0 to 10 atomic% Fe and / or Cr, 22 to 35 atomic% B, 4 to 8 atomic% Si and the rest nickel and there may be impurities.
5. Neutronenabsorptionsfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß sie eine Dicke von etwa 40 bis 60 μm besitzt.5. neutron absorption film according to one of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that it has a thickness of about 40 to 60 microns.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Neutronenabsorptionsfolien nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß man eine Schmelze im wesentlichen aus 0 bis 20 Atom-% Fe und/oder Cr, 20 bis 35 Atom-% B, 2 bis 10 Atom-% Si und dem Rest Ni und gegebenenfalls Verunreinigungen herstellt und die Schmelze auf einem sich drehenden Kühlrad mit einer Geschwindigkeit von wenigstens etwa 1050° C/sec abschreckt.6. A method for producing neutron absorption films according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a melt is produced essentially from 0 to 20 atomic% Fe and / or Cr, 20 to 35 atomic% B, 2 to 10 atomic% Si and the remainder Ni and possibly impurities and the melt itself quenching rotating cooling wheel at a speed of at least about 10 50 ° C / sec.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß man eine Schmelze verwendet, die im wesentlichen aus 0 bis etwa 107. The method according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that one uses a melt which consists essentially of 0 to about 10th
Atom-% Fe und/oder Co, 22 bis 30 Atom-% B, 4 bis 8 Atom-% Si und dem Rest Nickel und gegebenenfalls Verunreinigungen besteht .Atomic% Fe and / or Co, 22 to 30 atomic% B, 4 to 8 atomic% Si and the rest nickel and possibly impurities.
8. Verwendung von Neutronenabsorptionsfolien nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 als Absorberhüllen von radioaktiven Reaktorelementen.
8. Use of neutron absorption films according to one of claims 1 to 5 as absorber shells of radioactive reactor elements.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19741165A DE19741165C2 (en) | 1997-09-18 | 1997-09-18 | Neutron absorption film |
| DE19741165.7 | 1997-09-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1999014389A1 true WO1999014389A1 (en) | 1999-03-25 |
Family
ID=7842815
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1998/002721 WO1999014389A1 (en) | 1997-09-18 | 1998-09-14 | Neutron absorption film |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19741165C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999014389A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10003727A1 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-08-09 | Siemens Ag | Method of manufacturing an absorber element |
| US8532246B2 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2013-09-10 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Nuclear reactor robust gray control rod |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56140289A (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1981-11-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Neutron absorbing device |
| EP0055371A1 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Neutron absorber, neutron absorber assembly utilizing the same, and other uses thereof |
| JPS57110649A (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-09 | Toshiba Corp | Neutron absorber |
| JPS58120754A (en) * | 1982-01-13 | 1983-07-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Material for absorbing neutron |
-
1997
- 1997-09-18 DE DE19741165A patent/DE19741165C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-09-14 WO PCT/DE1998/002721 patent/WO1999014389A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56140289A (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1981-11-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Neutron absorbing device |
| EP0055371A1 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Neutron absorber, neutron absorber assembly utilizing the same, and other uses thereof |
| JPS57110649A (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-09 | Toshiba Corp | Neutron absorber |
| JPS58120754A (en) * | 1982-01-13 | 1983-07-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Material for absorbing neutron |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8150, Derwent World Patents Index; Class K07, AN 81-92047D, XP002094743 * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 202 (C - 129) 13 October 1982 (1982-10-13) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 225 (C - 189) 6 October 1983 (1983-10-06) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19741165A1 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
| DE19741165C2 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
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