WO1999009909A1

WO1999009909A1 - Method for making a bridge and manufacturing device for implementing same

Info

Publication number: WO1999009909A1
Application number: PCT/BE1998/000125
Authority: WO
Inventors: Arthur Forton
Original assignee: Arthur Forton
Priority date: 1997-08-26
Filing date: 1998-08-25
Publication date: 1999-03-04
Also published as: AU8967298A; CA2301747A1; EP1009321A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for making a bridge and a device forming a set of elements or kit for implementing said method. The set comprises at least one crosspiece (2) including at least at one of its ends (13) fixing elements (5) for anchoring it in the teeth (3, 4) forming the pillars of the bridge (1), thereby constituting an I-shaped frame. The set may comprise an articulation element at the end or at the middle of the crosspiece for receiving a pivot element to form an L-shaped or T-shaped frame. Preferably the crosspieces have lateral trapezoid denticulations. The roughness of the surface results from photo-etching a screen with acid.

Description

Method of manufacturing a bridge and manufacturing device implementing the method

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bridge and a set of elements in the form of a kit, set or set for applying this method.

The usual methods of manufacturing a metal-based bridge use custom-made lost-wax casting, to constitute a metal frame, and then to build on this basis a more or less significant layer of cosmetic materials (currently usually porcelain).

These usual procedures often require a significant ablation of dental tissue (the support teeth being cut to receive a crown completely covering the tooth). This operation is long and difficult work and leads to permanent mutilation of the tooth and possible gum problems. These processes also require very precise and subgingival moldings of the area where the bridge will be placed. These casts are expensive because of the materials used and not recoverable and because of the time spent by a dental laboratory technician.

In addition, the usual bridges are made in the laboratory, often located away from the dental office where the molds are taken, where the teeth are prepared as pillars of the bridge and where the bridge is cemented. This results in significant travel costs and a significant time for completion. Document DE-A-3335642 already discloses a system of crosspieces with uniform or even thickened ends to form a bridge frame. Practically each case requires a different custom crosspiece. The retention of the resin is obtained by empty sleepers, hollowed out or perforated preventing any adaptation of the sleeper by the dentist, in particular any reduction in the cross sections of the ends. There is no solution for root anchors. It is an incomplete system.

The invention proposes to solve the above problems by providing a device according to the appended claims. The device consists of solid metal crosspieces which are at the same time adaptable, standardized and retentive to the resin, preferably by means of a toothed cut specially adapted to obtain an easy and optimum reduction in the section of the ends, and possibly by a surface treatment by acid photogravure. In this way the crosspiece is "ready to use" and retains all its strength. The dentist has only a minimum of manipulation to perform. These characteristics allow a process requiring great adaptability of the cross-member: the end can be reduced and the body of the cross-member can be folded, grind, etc. to adapt e.g. to occlusion.

The cross-member of rectangular section has a flat and a slice and is orientable relative to the occlusion plane:

- which allows an optimum situation depending on the available space and masticatory forces - and the possibility of hygienic or aesthetic bridge by placing the crosspiece parallel or vertically with respect to the occlusion plane

A reduced end cross member

- requires less recess (dental economy),

- allows multiple indications for the same crosspiece (e.g. molar or incisor, tooth of small or large volume)

- and conversely, the same recess allows the placement of crosspieces of different sections All of this makes it possible to create an assortment consisting of a limited number of standard crosspieces constituting a handy, flexible and functional system

A crosspiece with reduced end is necessary in all cases where the recess is created specially for the realization of the bridge. If one recess is formed by the removal of a large filling, it may happen that the space thus created can contain the entire cross section. The reduction operation of the end concerned is then no longer necessary.

The cutting of the crosspieces (made of solid metal) is studied in order to hang the resin as much as possible (trapezoidal or dovetail serrations) while facilitating and guiding the reduction of the ends by the dentist Thus the crosspieces advantageously have transverse grooves forming serration at the edge, for example trapezoidal serration in a general shape in dovetails This serration allows an easy reduction of one or of the ends of the crosspieces, 1 operation consisting simply of removing one or more end teeth of the serration eg by grinding.

As mentioned, the body of the crossmember can also be easily adapted by grinding or folding.

Various methods such as sandblasting and electrolysis have been used in dentistry to adhere adhesives and resins. According to one aspect of the present invention, it is proposed to obtain a roughness on the crosspieces, in particular the flat crosspieces, by acid photogravure. A screen engraved on stainless steel specially designed for this purpose will be advantageously used.

According to another aspect of the invention, in order to produce the root anchors, the invention presents a new type of cross member having, in addition to the qualities set out above, an articulation or interlocking device with a new type of pivots suitable for allow this nesting. All dimensions of pivots fit on all dimensions of crosspieces since the joint is standardized. These two new types of elements make it possible to produce a rigid frame in the dental office composed of a cross member associated with one or more pivots.

The reduction of the end of the pivots to form a tenon allows the penetration of the head of the pivot into the small thickness of the edge of the crosspieces, makes it possible to mark a stop of the crosspiece on the pivot and allows to standardize the head of the pivots of different diameter (eg 1.3-1.4-1.5-1.6 mm). The pivots are preferably cylindrical and must be dimensioned by the dentist. Another type of advantageous pivot shape would be a cylindrical-conical shape (cylindrical with conical end). In this case, for each diameter, several lengths should be available in the assortment since in this case it is not possible to cut to length. These pivots may have a graphic to increase retention in the channel. They can be carbon fiber or other plastics.

Depending on the above, the invention therefore constitutes a simple, practical, fast and handy system but also reproducible, reliable, precise, functional and complete in which the elements are versatile and therefore allow a small number of elements ( pivots and crosspieces) to constitute a complete panoply. This panoply (given the limited number of its elements) will be of a low cost and will allow the construction of very varied reinforcements (e.g. in I, L, T and U) to meet almost all indications of bridges. The system is therefore a new tool, essential very useful in every dental office as well as a system of root or dentinal screws.

The present invention therefore aims to avoid the casting in the laboratory of a metal alloy frame and by replacing the cast frame with a standard machined frame comprising either a single element (cross member) or 2 or more interlocking elements ( crosspiece and pivot), thus allowing the dentist to carry out at least part of the operations, or all the operations, of preparation and fabrication of the bridge in his office, in a relatively short time (if possible in one ), the patient being most often or always present during these operations to be able to check and adjust the bridge elements directly in the mouth. In addition, a very simple impression is sufficient to allow part of the manufacturing operations to be performed by a dental laboratory, or even by the dentist in the absence of the patient, eg for the adaptation of a standard tooth in commercial resin.

0 By simple impression, we mean a suprgingival impression, for example in algmate

This process also allows the use of relatively more resistant metals than the usual metals, such as ^ stainless steel or titanium, to form a machined framework of the bridge. For certain indications the use of plastics, carbon fibers or porcelain can also be used (case where the profile must not be bent or curved). 0

According to one embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises:

1. A selection of teeth or roots to be used as 5 pillars of the bridge.

2. A selection of a crosspiece and possibly one or more pivots for its attachment to the pillars

3. A preparation of the teeth chosen as pillars, by forming, among other things in each of them, a recess for fixing the crosspiece, and any pivots.

4. A measurement of the distance between the pillars using the measuring compass.

5. A lengthening and / or shaping of the cross member, in particular by reducing the ends. 6. A lengthening of the pivot (s), if any.

7. Bonding of the crossmember and any pivots to the pillars.

8. A bonding shaping on the crosspiece of the tooth or teeth forming the bridge.

9. Possibly a shaping of the pillars to reconstruct the teeth which constitute them.

It should be noted that the means of immobilization of the joint can also be done by screwing or welding. In the case of screwing or welding, the cross-pivot assembly must be cemented before cementing on the pillars unlike the cross glued or screwed with a nut.

In this system, the framework is entirely contained in the bridge allowing an exact anatomy of the replaced elements as well as insulation of the metal of the framework. To recognize the different dimensions of the crosspieces present in an assortment according to the invention, the latter may carry at their ends a calibration constituted by a colored plastic ring (color codes) or paint or any mark engraved mechanically or by laser.

All the simplifications obtained by the process according to the invention provide a considerable reduction in the costs of making the bridge.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, (as described above) the bonding of the crosspiece takes place before the shaping of the bridge teeth. Of this In this way, the dentist can immediately model the synthetic teeth of the bridge on site using composite resin.

The bonding of the shaping and anchoring material on the teeth, abutments and on the profile can be carried out with products such as OPTIBOND by Kerr, CLEARFILL LINER BOND 2 by Cavex, DURAFILL BOND by Kulzer, SCOTCHBOND multipurpose by 3M.

The profile can be glued onto the pivot using Cernant de Coltene, FUJI PLUS from GC, PR SCELL GLASS IONOMER (Pierre Roland), VITREMER or SCOTCHBOND from 3M

The light-curing composite materials can be chosen from the following products: HERCULITE XRV by Kerr, CLEAFIL APX by Cavex, CHARISMA by Kulzer, ZlOO by 3M

According to another embodiment, after having made the recess in the abutment teeth, a very simple impression taking allows the bridge to be made by a laboratory for a very low price. The bonding is then done in a later step.

The present invention also comprises a device, in the form of a kit, set or assortment, for implementing the method according to the invention.

To this end, the assortment or kit device according to the invention comprises at least one crosspiece, the ends of which constitute dental fixation elements. and in some cases hinge or interlocking elements with a root pivot. In certain cases, the assortment also comprises one or more root pivots which comprise (s) an articulation element with the aforementioned crosspiece, abrasive discs and drills calibrated to practice the method of the invention.

As already mentioned, according to a particular aspect of the invention, on at least one of the faces of the cross-member, a photogravure with acid of a screen constitutes a particularly effective means of assisting adhesion to the resin, however a sandblasting or any other mechanical, electrolytic, electroerosion or other process may possibly be used.

These fixing elements and these pivots serve as anchoring in the teeth forming the pillars of the bridge. Other advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention and other preferred embodiments of the device of the invention are indicated in the secondary claims appended to this specification.

In this specification, by articulation element is meant an element resulting from the modification of the head of a pivot (pe tenon) and of a cross-section allowing the fixing or interlocking of one to the another in a rigid assembly.

A limited number of different elements, thanks to their possibility of interlocking with each other, is sufficient to circumscribe most or all of the forms of metal reinforcements necessary for construction of a bridge according to the method of the invention. Thus, it makes it possible to make bridge frameworks in the form of IL - T - U. These types of elements therefore constitute a complete set and set and form the device capable of implementing the method.

Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description of the drawings which are annexed to this specification and which illustrate, by way of nonlimiting examples the process and particular embodiments of the device according to the invention. In these drawings schematic, the relative proportions of the different elements are not necessarily respected. Identical reference numbers refer to identical or equivalent elements

Definition of some terms used in this description: root anchoring - presence of a pivot in the root, dentinal anchoring: limited to the penetration of the reduced ends of a crosspiece in the dentine of the proximal faces of the abutment tooth, aesthetic bridge : bridge, the intermediate element of which restores esthetics almost to the mucous membrane, hygienic bridge: bridge for which a large space exists between the gum and the intermediate element.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figures la, lb and schematically illustrate a cross member forming an I-shaped base. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate an L-shaped frame Figure 3 illustrates a T-shaped frame Figures 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 5c show variants of reinforcement and articulation

Figure 6 illustrates an assortment of elements according to

The invention

Figure 7 illustrates in more detail a profile view of the cross member according to the invention

Figure 8 illustrates a modified compass.

Figure 9 shows 2 examples of engraved screen in

10 stainless steel.

Figure 10 is perspective views of the serrated profiles according to the invention.

_] _5 The figure shows a schematic view (front view or vestibular) of a bridge with a tooth 1 at the incisal level according to the invention, implanted in a jaw not shown, the tooth of the bridge being shown in broken lines. In this case, the cross member 2 of rectangular section 0, the edge of which is provided with transverse grooves in dovetails, 6 is placed vertically with respect to the occlusal plane of the teeth 3 and 4. It is a bridge of the "aesthetic" type. The two anchors 5, 5 'are dentinal. 5

FIG. 1b shows a schematic view ("top" or occlusal view) of a hygienic bridge at the molar level. The cross 2 is placed horizontally relative to the occlusal plane. 0

The figure shows a cross 2 in I whose two anchors are dentin on which are shaped two intermediate elements 1, the juxtaposed.

Figures 2a and 2b show an L-shaped frame Figure 2a shows a schematic view of a bridge of a tooth at the incisal level, one of the anchors 5 'is dentin and the other (5 ") root. The cross 2, perforated at the end on the edge (type B ') is articulated at 9 with a pivot 7 whose head 8 has been reduced (type D). The crosspiece 2 is positioned vertically with respect to the plane of the occlusion. It is an aesthetic bridge.

FIG. 2b shows a hygienic bridge at the molar level which, as in FIG. 2a, has a dentinal anchor 5 ′ and a radicular anchor 5 ". However, the radicular anchor shows the articulation of a crosspiece 2 whose end is perforated on the dish (type C) with a pivot 7 with reduced head 8 (type D) The cross member 2 is positioned horizontally.

FIG. 2c shows in magnification the articulation of a reduced pivot (type D) with a perforated cross member on the edge (type B ') intended to be placed vertically.

Figure 2d shows in magnification the articulation of a reduced pivot (type D) with a perforated cross on the flat (type C), intended to be placed horizontally.

FIG. 3 illustrates a T-shaped frame applied for an aesthetic bridge, two teeth 1 of which are replaced. A crosspiece with central perforation 2 'on the edge (type B) is articulated with a pivot 7 with reduced head 8 (type D). The cross 2 'is placed vertically.

FIG. 4a shows the articulation of a pivot 7 with an enlarged head (10, type E) with a cross member 2 positioned vertically. The other end of the crosspiece is articulated thanks to a perforation on the edge (type B ') with a pivot with reduced head (type D). The whole constitutes a U-shaped frame.

Figure 4b is a section of FIG. 4a at the level of arrow F.

FIG. 4c shows in magnification a pivot with an enlarged head (type E) hinging with a cross member placed vertically (type A B or C). In this case the articulation is carried out thanks to a hollowed out thickening of the pivot. The section of the articulated cross-member is neither perforated nor reduced.

FIG. 5a illustrates an advantageous embodiment of a cross-pivot articulation according to the invention comprising a localized thickening of the cross (B or B ') at the level of the articulation or the interlocking. The rounded shape is given as an example, it can also be square, rectangular etc. This makes it possible to obtain perforated cross members of reduced thickness compared to the diameter of the head of the pivot (eg cross member of 1.6 mm., At the level of the 2 mm thickening and pivot of 1.1 mm.). The proportions of the drawing were not respected in order to highlight the thickening (typically 0.2 mm).

FIG. 5b shows an advantageous embodiment of a cross-pivot articulation by means of an enlarged cross-member and a threaded pivot 8 '. In this case, the process consists of first assembling the frame and then fixing it in the pillars. FIG. 5c schematically shows an advantageous embodiment of a cross-pivot articulation by means of an enlarged cross, an 8 "threaded pivot and a nut 18. This makes it possible to fix the pivot and cross in two successive stages , which is not possible if the pivot is screwed directly onto the crossmember, in which case the assembly must be carried out before installation.

FIG. 6 schematically presents a description of the 5 elements (crosspieces and pivots) which can constitute a basic panoply of the device according to the invention:

- The type of cross A is seen in plan and is not perforated but pre-reduced in 12

- The type of crosspiece B seen by the edge is perforated at 11 on the edge at the center and pre-reduced at 12.

- The type of crosspiece C is perforated on the flat in the center. The types of cross B 'and C' can be derived by sectioning, for example with a suitable clamp, of the corresponding cross B and C.

- The pivot D with reduced head (7,8)

- Pivot E with enlarged head (10)

These 5 different types of elements which are illustrated, thanks to their possibility of interlocking with each other, are sufficient to circumscribe most or all the forms of metal frameworks necessary for the construction of a bridge according to the method of the invention. Thus, they make it possible to make bridges in the shape of an L - L - T - U. These 5 types of elements therefore constitute a complete set or set and form the device capable of implementing the method. The E-type pivot has at its end a U-shaped female device allowing it to articulate or fit together with the five types of sleepers at any part of it. According to this example, the assortment or kit according to the invention therefore has 5 types of cross member and 2 types of pivot. In practice one can provide a type of pivot, possibly of different diameters, with one or more corresponding drills. The actual tenons are preferably of the same dimensions.

Figure 7 illustrates in more detail the exemplary dimensions of a profile.

The four measures presented below result from a practical choice offering a particularly functional assortment. A 1.6-2.6 mm cross member is strong enough and sufficient as a bonding surface for the composite. Beyond 3 mm in width and 2 mm in thickness, the crosspiece becomes bulky.

Measurement examples (mm)

Thickness 1.6 1.6 1, 8 1.8

Width (L '') 2, 6 2, 8 2.6 2, 8

Width of teeth (1) 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Space between teeth (1 ') 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Distance L and L '0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Depth of teeth (P) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Length (L "') 45 45 45 45

Step 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Measuring range

Length: minimum: 3 cm (A)

4.5 cm (BB '-CC) Width: 2.0-4.0 mm Thickness: 1.2-2.5 mm Teeth depth: 0.3-0.8 mm Teeth width: 0.3- 1 mm Space between the teeth: 0.3-1.0 mm Diameter of the reduction of the pivot: 0.7 to 1.5 mm.

Figure 8 illustrates the modified compass for cutting the cross member to length. It allows the distance between the pillars to be measured from the bottom of the recesses. Such a compass can also be part of the device according to the invention.

FIG. 9 shows two examples of a screen engraved in stainless steel by acid photogravure, in order to constitute the roughness necessary for the adhesion of the resin.

FIG. 10 shows an enlargement of a cross-section portion of all types (A, B, C) revealing the trapezoidal toothed cutout 6 (in order to achieve maximum adhesion) and the possible perforations 11 and 11 '(respectively in the dish and in the slice). This cutting can be obtained by wire EDM, in a known manner for example using Brother HS 100-HS 3100, FANUC ROBOCUT, SODIK, CMARMILLE, MITSUBISCHI equipment. Example of implementation of the method according to FIG. 2a

According to the invention, the method of manufacturing a bridge comprising for example an intermediate tooth 1 to be shaped and a tooth 4 to be reconstituted on the root 13 and represented in broken lines can comprise the following steps in a dental treatment session:

1. A selection of teeth to be used as abutments, 3 and 4.

2. A selection of a cross member 2 perforated at the end (type B ') and a pivot 7 with reduced head (type D). The dentist will choose these elements from a panoply containing the necessary measures.

3. A preparation of the teeth chosen as pillars 3 and 4, forming therein for the fixing of the cross-member 2, for example in pillar 3 a dentin recess 14 in the form of a notch to accommodate the 5 'end of the cross-member 2 , and in the pillar 13 a radicular recess of cylindrical shape (7b) for accommodating the pivot 7 there.

4. A lengthening of the pivot 7 so that the joint is located at the correct height

5. A measurement of the distance between the pivot 7 and the bottom of the recess 14 by means of the modified compass.

6. An adjustment to length and / or in the form of the cross member 2 to adapt it between the recess 14 and the head 8 of the pivot 7

7. A cementing of the pivot 7 in the recess 7b of the pillar 13. 8. A cementing / bonding of the cross 2 on the one hand in

1 recess 14 on the pillar 3 and on the other hand on the head 8 of the pivot 7.

9. Shaping on the root of tooth 4 to be reconstructed. 9. A shaping on the crosspiece 2 of the intermediate tooth

1 of the bridge.

The simple removal of an existing closure can constitute the necessary recess in which the end 5 of the cross member 2 can be housed. The reconstruction of the bonded composite filling will be used to cement the crosspiece.

Claims

1) Device or assembly for manufacturing a dental bridge (1) characterized in that it comprises at least one crosspiece (2) which comprises at least at one of its ends a fixing segment (5) for its anchoring in a teeth (3,4) forming the pillars of the bridge (1), thus constituting a horizontal frame, said segment being formed 0 by a reduction in the cross-sectional area of said crosspiece

2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the sleepers are capable of being cut to length, _c using cutting pliers or a disc to be separated, at least one of the sections of the ends being able to be reduced, eg by grinding .

3) Device according to claims 1 and 2 characterized

20 in that the cross member is in the form of a profile of rectangular section, thus having a edge and a dish.

4) Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the cross section of rectangular section has, on at least one of its edges, transverse grooves forming a relief pattern (6) such as serration, ridges, slots or grooves in dovetails

_3Q 5) Device according to the preceding claim characterized in that the grooves have a depth between 0.1 and 0.7 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.5 mm. 6) Device according to claim 4 or 5 characterized in that the reduction of the sections of the ends comprises the removal of one or more teeth of the serration, the section becoming a square or approaching it.

7) Device according to claims 3 to 6 characterized in that the surface of at least one of the dishes has been treated to obtain a roughness.

8) Device according to the preceding claim characterized in that the roughness is obtained by photoengraving with acid using a screen engraved on stainless steel.

9) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the crosspiece comprises at least one perforation, perpendicular to a wafer or a flat, capable of receiving a stud (8) of a pivot (7).

10) Device according to claim 9 characterized in that the perforation is located at one end or substantially in the middle of the crosspiece.

11) Device according to claims 8 and 9 characterized in that the device also comprises at least one pivot (7) provided at one end with a stud (8).

12) Device according to the preceding claim characterized in that the pivot (7) and the tenon (8) are cylindrical. 13) Dentist set, intended for the manufacture of final bridges in a dental office, comprising various crosspieces according to the devices of claims 1 to 10 and possibly one or more pivots according to the device of claim 11.

14) Set according to the preceding claim characterized in that it also comprises abrasive discs and / or calibrated drills and / or a measuring compass.

15) Method for manufacturing a bridge (1) comprising:

- a selection of the teeth to be used as abutments (3,4) of the bridge (1),

- a selection of a crosspiece (2) for its attachment to the pillar (3, 4),

- a preparation of the teeth (3 and 4) chosen as pillars, by forming therein inter alia in each a recess (14) for fixing the cross-member (2), and possible pivots (7,8) - a measure of the distance between pillars, possibly using a modified compass.

- an adjustment to length and / or in the form of the crosspiece (2), and any pivots (7,8)

- bonding of the crosspiece (2) and any pivots (7, 8) to the pillar (3,4),

- a shaping on the crosspiece (2) of the tooth or teeth making up the bridge (1), or a bonding of the prefabricated intermediate elements possibly included in the device, and possibly a shaping of the pillars to reconstruct the teeth (3,4) which constitute them. 16) Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the preparation of the teeth (3,4) chosen as pillars comprises drilling operations and / or surface milling of the teeth and / or drilling operations and / or milling radicular.

17) Device or assembly for manufacturing a bridge (1) implementing the method according to any one of claims 15 and 16, characterized in that it comprises

10 at least one crosspiece (2) which comprises at least at its ends fixing elements (5) for its anchoring in the teeth (3,4) forming the pillars of the bridge (1), thus constituting an I-frame.

- ^ 18) Device according to claim 17 characterized in that the crosspiece (2) comprises at its end an articulation element (9), pe in the form of a perforation, for a pivot (7) thus forming together a frame in L.

20 19) Device according to claim 17 characterized in that the crosspiece (2) comprises between its ends (5) at least one articulation element (9) for an intermediate pivot (7) together forming a T-shaped construction.

² ^ 20) Device according to claims 17 to 19 characterized in that it comprises pivots (7) whose head (8) has been modified by reduction to fit into a crosspiece (2).

30 21) Device according to claims 16 to 19 characterized in that it comprises a type of pivot (10) whose end has been modified in the direction of widening in order to be able to be arranged substantially around the cross-member (2) for its fixing, the whole of the cross-pivot frame constituting a U-shape.

22) Device according to any one of claims 17 to 19 characterized in that the crosspiece (2) consists of solid metal of high mechanical strength such as an alloy of stainless steel or titanium or, of plastics and carbon fibers or porcelain.

23) Device according to any one of claims 17 to 20 characterized in that it results from a cutting, for example by wire EDM, of the crosspiece (2), of the trapezoidal serrations.

24) Device according to any one of claims 17 to 20 characterized in that a satisfactory roughness of the faces is obtained by means of a screen allowing photo-etching with acid in stainless steel.

25) Device according to claim 15 to 20 characterized in that it comprises prefabricated intermediate elements in resin, composites, porcelain or other, having all the colors, shapes and dimensions required, intended to be fixed - glued to the crosspiece.

26) Device according to any one of claims 23 and 24 in which the head (8 ") of the pivot (7) and the fastening element of the crosspiece (2) are threaded to adapt one to the other, possibly by means of a nut (18). 27) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivots are made of implant quality stainless steel, titanium or carbon fibers.

28) Device or set for the manufacture of a bridge frame, characterized in that it comprises at least one tiaverse having a rectangular or square cross section, said cross member being provided on at least one of its faces with transverse grooves forming a pattern in relief (6) such as serration, ridges, slots or dovetail grooves, said relief pattern being able to be removed by removing material from at least one of the ends of said crosspiece to form a fixing segment for its anchoring in one of the teeth

(3,4) forming the pillars of the bridge (1).