WO1999003228A1 - Error and flow control method with a group reject arq - Google Patents
Error and flow control method with a group reject arq Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999003228A1 WO1999003228A1 PCT/US1998/014590 US9814590W WO9903228A1 WO 1999003228 A1 WO1999003228 A1 WO 1999003228A1 US 9814590 W US9814590 W US 9814590W WO 9903228 A1 WO9903228 A1 WO 9903228A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frames
- data
- defective
- contiguous
- reject message
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VJYFKVYYMZPMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoprophos Chemical compound CCCSP(=O)(OCC)SCCC VJYFKVYYMZPMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/204—Multiple access
- H04B7/212—Time-division multiple access [TDMA]
- H04B7/2125—Synchronisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18517—Transmission equipment in earth stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
- H04B7/18543—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for adaptation of transmission parameters, e.g. power control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18558—Arrangements for managing communications, i.e. for setting up, maintaining or releasing a call between stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18567—Arrangements for providing additional services to the basic mobile satellite telephony service
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- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18569—Arrangements for system physical machines management, i.e. for construction operations control, administration, maintenance
- H04B7/18571—Arrangements for system physical machines management, i.e. for construction operations control, administration, maintenance for satellites; for fixed or mobile stations
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18578—Satellite systems for providing broadband data service to individual earth stations
- H04B7/1858—Arrangements for data transmission on the physical system, i.e. for data bit transmission between network components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
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- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18578—Satellite systems for providing broadband data service to individual earth stations
- H04B7/18582—Arrangements for data linking, i.e. for data framing, for error recovery, for multiple access
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- H04B7/2041—Spot beam multiple access
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- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
- H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage
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- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
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- H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
- H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
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- H04W76/25—Maintenance of established connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to data transfer or communications, and more particularly to data transfer protocols in communications environments. Even more particularly, the present invention relates to a data link layer protocol in a communication environment, such as a satellite-based wireless network.
- a data link layer protocol in a communication environment, such as a satellite-based wireless network.
- Wireless telecommunications systems built around earth orbit relays (satellite links) experience a single hop roundtrip propagation delay of approximately 500 milliseconds.
- Typical implementations of a data link layer protocol employ a "go-back-N" reject protocol with a window size of between one and seven frames.
- Selective reject like "go-back-N" reject provides feedback to the sender regarding each frame that was not successfully received. In the event a frame is not successfully received, a 1 " message is sent to the sender indicating the frame not successfully received. The sender then resends only that frame. Thus, if frames 1, 7 and 10, by way of example, for a particular transmission are not received successfully, selective reject requires three transmissions to the sender indicating that frames 1, 7 and 10 need to be resent. This is true whether the rejected frames are discontinuous, as in the example presented, or represent a block of frames, which would commonly be the case if interfering signal momentarily disrupted communications from the sender. In response to these messages, the sender will resend only frames 1, 7 and 10.
- the present invention provides a data link layer protocol approach useful in a communications environment, such as a satellite based wireless network.
- the present invention can be characterized as a method for error flow control in a communications system.
- the method includes steps of receiving a plurality of frames of data; determining in said plurality of frames of data, two or more contiguous defective frames of data, the two or more contiguous defective frames of data being followed by at least one frame of data in said plurality of frames that is not defective; forming a group reject message indicative of a range of the two or more contiguous defective frames; transmitting the group reject message; and receiving replacement frames, the replacement frames corresponding to the two or more contiguous defective frames, wherein said at least one frame that is not defective is not received again in response to the group reject message.
- FIG. 1 is a typical satellite communicating system in which teachings of an embodiment of the present invention may be employed;
- FIG. 2 is a frame diagram showing a first exemplary window of fifteen frames, with frames one through three indicated as lost or detection frames;
- FIG. 3 is another frame diagram; and is showing a second exemplary window of fifteen frames, with frames twelve through 15 indicated as lost or defective frames;
- FIG. 4 is a further frame diagram showing a thorough exemplary window of fifteen frames with frames three, seven, and twelve as indicated as lost or defective frames
- FIG. 5 is an additional frame diagram showing a forth exemplary window of fifteen frames, with frames two through fourteen indicated as lost or defective frames.
- FIG. 1 shown is a block diagram of a satellite communications system 10, including a wireless transceiver 12, a satellite relay station 14 (or satellite link) and a gateway/network 16.
- a satellite communications system including a wireless transceiver 12, a satellite relay station 14 (or satellite link) and a gateway/network 16.
- the gateway/network 16 sends information to the wireless transceiver 12 via the satellite link 14, as mentioned above, a delay of about 540 milliseconds is ' "' introduced in propagating information from the gateway/network 16 to the satellite link 14 and from the satellite link 14 to the wireless transceiver 12.
- selective reject allows the wireless transceiver to signal the gateway/network 16 to resend any frame.
- the wireless transceiver 12 can signal the gateway/network 16 to resend frames 4, 7 and 10 using three separate selective reject protocol messages.
- frames 1, 2 and 3 of the group of frames are defective, three separate selective reject protocol messages are sent by the wireless transceiver 12 to the gateway/network 16 in accordance with the selective reject approach.
- the wireless transceiver 12 sends acknowledgement to all frames that are received in sequence, and requests retransmission of the defective' frame and all subsequent frames. Subsequent frames are not acknowledged until they have been successfully resent, even if there were no errors in their original transmission. As mentioned above, this wastes time, bandwidth, and delays receipt of the entire group of frames.
- Selective reject is used by the data link layer entity to request retransmission of single frames.
- the selective reject approach may or may not incorporate the acknowledgement in accordance with whether a particular bit is sent within a control channel.
- Each selective reject condition is cleared upon successful receipt of the particular frame for which retransmission is requested.
- a data link layer entity may transmit one or more selective reject frames, each containing a different frame identifier. Frames that may have been following
- selective reject improves the efficiency of the datalink, while recovering missing frames.
- the wireless transceiver 12 having missed a frame i.e., received a defective frame, should buffer subsequent frames until the missing frame is received. This generally imposes additional buffering and house keeping requirements on the receiving side.
- One limitation of the selective reject error recovery procedure is that it requires the wireless transceiver 12 to send a selective reject frame for each lost or defective frame.
- the wireless transceiver 12 can send a single reject message with an indication of retransmission of a range of lost frames or with acknowledgement of a single lost frame, frame without acknowledgement.
- the gateway/network 16 upon receipt of a group reject frame, updates its window and retransmits all requested frames. (Note that the group reject approach described herein works equally well, when the wireless transceiver 12 is the sender and the gateway/network 16 is the receiver, as when the wireless transceiver 12 is the receiver and the gateway/network 16 is the sender, the latter at which is described herein.
- FIG. 2 shown is a schematic representation of a group of frames, with defective or lost frames being indicated as open squares and successfully received frames being indicated as cross- hatched squares.
- the wireless transceiver 12 detects an error in consecutive frames near the beginning of a group of frames, as shown, in accordance with selective reject protocol, the wireless transceiver 12 would generate a selective reject message for each of the lost frames.
- the datalink layer utilizes the group reject approach in accordance with the embodiment described herein, it sends a single group reject frame for retransmission of the range of frames one through three, shown.
- FIG. 3 another example is” shown in a schematic diagram wherein a group of frames successfully received are indicated with cross-hatched squares and a group of defective or lost frames are indicated as open squares.
- a darkened square indicates a frame not ever received.
- the wireless transceiver detects an error at the end of its receive buffer, the wireless transceiver issues a group reject for recovery of the lost frames, in this case, frames twelve, thirteen, fourteen and an acknowledgement up to frame 11.
- FIG. 4 a diagram is shown in which cross-hatch squares indicating received frames, and open squares indicating erroneous or lost frames. Darkened frames indicate frames yet to be received.
- the wireless transceiver If the wireless transceiver detects an exception error or between a start and an end of receive buffers, and if this reception error involves more than one frame, the wireless transceiver can request a retransmission of the frames, in the example shown, frames three, seven and twelve. The wireless transceiver would acknowledge up to frame 2 in the instances shown.
- FIG. 5 a diagram is shown in which cross-hatched squares are received frames, open squares represent erroneous or lost frames, and darkened squares indicate frames that are yet to be received. If the wireless transceiver detects an exception between the start and end of its receive buffers, in the case with the group reject only one frame is required to recover each group of lost frames. In the examples shown, frames two through fourteen could be requested with a single group reject message.
- a window size of 15 frames is selected in the data link layer.
- only one layer three message can be transmitted by the data link layer.
- the use information in the TCH 3 is seven bytes so a layer three message of size 120 (15 x 8) can be transmitted without waiting for acknowledgement.
- the maximum size of a SMS message is 256 bytes. This message requires 37 (256/7) frames to transmit. With a window size of 15 frames (messages) , the sender will stop transmitting at the end of 15 frames (if the receiver does not send any response) . The receiver shall respond within the first four messages of the subsequent window. In the event the gateway/network 16 does not receive a response from the receiver by the end of the 15th message of the subsequent window, the gateway/network concludes that something is , in error at the receiver, and responds accordingly by, for example, retransmitting all of the frames of the window. While the invention herein disclosed has been described by means of specific embodiments and applications thereof, numerous modifications and variations could be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention set forth in the claims.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98935662A EP0925662A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Error and flow control method with group reject arq |
AU84857/98A AU8485798A (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Error and flow control method with a group reject arq |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US5244397P | 1997-07-14 | 1997-07-14 | |
US60/052,443 | 1997-07-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1999003228A1 true WO1999003228A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
WO1999003228A9 WO1999003228A9 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
Family
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Family Applications (7)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/014633 WO1999003296A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Immediate channel assignment in a wireless system |
PCT/US1998/014589 WO1999003214A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Mobile satellite system having an imrproved signaling channel |
PCT/US1998/014640 WO1999003215A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | System and method for implementing terminal to terminal connections via a geosynchronous earth orbit satellite |
PCT/US1998/014505 WO1999004510A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Synchronization of a mobile satellite system with satellite switching |
PCT/US1998/014590 WO1999003228A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Error and flow control method with a group reject arq |
PCT/US1998/014583 WO1999003213A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Spot beam selection in a mobile satellite communication system |
PCT/US1998/014582 WO1999003212A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Signaling maintenance for discontinuous information communications |
Family Applications Before (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1998/014633 WO1999003296A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Immediate channel assignment in a wireless system |
PCT/US1998/014589 WO1999003214A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Mobile satellite system having an imrproved signaling channel |
PCT/US1998/014640 WO1999003215A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | System and method for implementing terminal to terminal connections via a geosynchronous earth orbit satellite |
PCT/US1998/014505 WO1999004510A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Synchronization of a mobile satellite system with satellite switching |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US1998/014583 WO1999003213A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Spot beam selection in a mobile satellite communication system |
PCT/US1998/014582 WO1999003212A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1998-07-13 | Signaling maintenance for discontinuous information communications |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (6) | US6438386B2 (en) |
EP (7) | EP0925655A1 (en) |
AU (7) | AU8569798A (en) |
WO (7) | WO1999003296A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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- 1998-07-13 AU AU84038/98A patent/AU8403898A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-13 WO PCT/US1998/014640 patent/WO1999003215A1/en active Application Filing
- 1998-07-13 US US09/115,101 patent/US6282178B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 US US09/115,098 patent/US6278876B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 AU AU84039/98A patent/AU8403998A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-13 US US09/115,102 patent/US6385447B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 WO PCT/US1998/014505 patent/WO1999004510A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-13 EP EP98935662A patent/EP0925662A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-13 WO PCT/US1998/014590 patent/WO1999003228A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-13 EP EP98935661A patent/EP0943187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-13 US US09/115,099 patent/US6289482B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 WO PCT/US1998/014583 patent/WO1999003213A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-13 AU AU84054/98A patent/AU8405498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-13 EP EP98935674A patent/EP0925657B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 WO PCT/US1998/014582 patent/WO1999003212A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-13 AU AU84866/98A patent/AU8486698A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-13 US US09/115,096 patent/US6233451B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-13 EP EP98934564A patent/EP0925706B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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EP0046831A1 (en) * | 1980-08-26 | 1982-03-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | System for the retransmission of incorrectly received numbered frames in a data transmission system |
EP0162478A2 (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1985-11-27 | Ntx Communications Corporation | Method and apparatus for high speed satellite communication |
Cited By (1)
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WO2002069547A1 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-06 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for avoiding unnecessary retransmissions in a cellular mobile radio system |
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EP0925656A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
EP0925662A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
AU8569798A (en) | 1999-02-10 |
US6233451B1 (en) | 2001-05-15 |
US20010018348A1 (en) | 2001-08-30 |
AU8403998A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
EP0925658A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
US6278876B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 |
AU8403898A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
AU8485698A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
WO1999003213A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
WO1999003228A9 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
EP0925657B1 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
US6385447B1 (en) | 2002-05-07 |
WO1999004510A1 (en) | 1999-01-28 |
EP0925706B1 (en) | 2002-05-22 |
US6282178B1 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
AU8405498A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
EP0943187A1 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
US6438386B2 (en) | 2002-08-20 |
AU8485798A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
AU8486698A (en) | 1999-02-08 |
WO1999003215A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
WO1999003214A9 (en) | 1999-04-22 |
US6289482B1 (en) | 2001-09-11 |
WO1999003212A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
WO1999004510A9 (en) | 1999-04-15 |
EP0925706A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
EP0925657A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
WO1999003214A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
WO1999003296A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
EP0925655A1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
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