WO1999000339A1 - Sealing compound and seal - Google Patents

Sealing compound and seal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999000339A1
WO1999000339A1 PCT/EP1998/003514 EP9803514W WO9900339A1 WO 1999000339 A1 WO1999000339 A1 WO 1999000339A1 EP 9803514 W EP9803514 W EP 9803514W WO 9900339 A1 WO9900339 A1 WO 9900339A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
sealing compound
seal
compound according
graphite
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/003514
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Siegfried Pohl
Erich Galle
Hans-Jürgen Hell
Horst Lindebauer
Original Assignee
Didier-Werke Ag
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Application filed by Didier-Werke Ag filed Critical Didier-Werke Ag
Priority to AU84380/98A priority Critical patent/AU8438098A/en
Publication of WO1999000339A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999000339A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/013—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics containing carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • C04B35/65—Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
    • C09K3/1003—Pure inorganic mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
    • C09K3/1025—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by non-chemical features of one or more of its constituents
    • C09K3/1028—Fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
    • C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
    • C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
    • C09K2200/0204—Elements
    • C09K2200/0208—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
    • C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
    • C09K2200/0239—Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sealant and a molded seal produced using the sealant for use in the high temperature range up to about 1600 ° C.
  • a sealing ring ° a graphite under the designation Kro oc offered, among other things, about 80 wt.% A1 2 0 3 and about 5 percent. Contains. However, this seal is only plastic up to about 450 ° C and brittle at higher temperatures.
  • the invention has for its object a sealant and to offer a seal that retains its plastic properties up to application temperatures of approx. 1600 ° C and accordingly can reliably compensate for changes in shape and position of neighboring refractory components even during operation at high temperatures and, for example, reliably prevent air from entering.
  • the mass / seal should also be as compressible as possible.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a graphite-based seal is particularly suitable for this purpose, the graphite fraction being between 30 and 60% by weight of the total mass, corresponding to a volume fraction between 45 and 90%.
  • this is done by means of various oxides which are compulsory constituents of the sealing compound, these oxides being selected such that they form glass-like melting phases within certain temperature intervals, which give the individual carbon particles a kind of “protective shell” and thus protect against oxidation.
  • the sealant contains various oxides that form the desired glassy melts with each other at different temperature intervals.
  • B 2 0 3 (added as borax, for example) protects the carbon, for example, in the temperature range from 500 to 800 ° C., because borax melts in this temperature range and the melting phase creates the desired protection for the graphite particles.
  • a further melting phase can be formed from component Si0 2 , • the melting interval being adjustable in various proportions by mass by adding different fluxes such as K 2 0 or Na 2 0 to the respective application.
  • high-temperature-resistant oxides such as Al2O3 are used as a component of the sealing compound, the melting temperature of which is reduced either by analogous flux and / or the melts previously formed at lower temperatures.
  • the invention relates to a refractory, up to an application temperature of 1600 ° C plastic and compressible sealing compound made of 30 to 60% by weight of graphite and various oxides forming glassy melting phases which differ in the temperature range between 450 and 1600 ° C, as exemplified are mentioned above.
  • the fractions of different oxides can be, for example, as follows:
  • the sealing compound can also have a proportion between 2 and 10% by weight of finely divided silicon metal.
  • Si metal also forms an effective oxidation protection against carbon, especially at higher temperatures, with the formation of SiC.
  • the sealant itself In the temperature range up to the beginning of the first melting phase, usually in the 3ere ⁇ ch to about 500 ° C, the sealant itself is plastically deformable.
  • the sealing compound can be processed as such or as a three-dimensional molded article.
  • the shape of the seal can basically be any. It will primarily depend on the application.
  • the seal can have the shape of a ring or a (flat) disk, for example.
  • the seal can be designed as a prefabricated cylinder with a truncated cone shape, which is placed on the gas coil cone before it is inserted into the hole stone.
  • the dimensional stability (m of the respective pre-assembly) can also be important for these applications.
  • a development of the invention provides for the seal to be designed with a centrally arranged support for the sealing compound, as a result of which a type of reinforcement is created.
  • the carrier can be made of, for example, a refractory fiber mat or a refractory fabric.
  • a one-sided cover layer made of such a fabric or mat is also possible.
  • Ceramic materials for example based on Al 2 O 3, are suitable as a material.
  • At least one Surface of the seal is covered by a paper or a film, for example a plastic film.
  • the primary function of this cover is to facilitate assembly by protecting the sticky sealant.
  • the seal can have any thickness and size. Usually a total thickness between 2 and 10 mm will be sufficient to fulfill the sealing function in the metallurgical applications mentioned.
  • the sealing compound or seal described also has a low thermal conductivity and is compressible over the entire temperature range mentioned.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a sealing compound and to a shaped seal produced using said sealing compound, for use in a high temperature range, i.e. to approximately 1600 °C.

Description

Dichtungsmasse und Dichtung Sealant and gasket
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dichtungsmasse sowie eine unter Verwendung der Dichtungsmasse hergestellte geformte Dichtung zur Anwendung im Hochtemperaturbereich bis etwa 1600°C.The invention relates to a sealant and a molded seal produced using the sealant for use in the high temperature range up to about 1600 ° C.
Der Stand der Technik und die Erfindung werden nachstehend am Beispiel der Abdichtung feuerfester keramischer Bauteile für metallurgische Anwendungen näher beschrieben, ohne insoweit jedoch eine anwendungsmäßige Beschränkung zu formulieren.The prior art and the invention are described in more detail below using the example of the sealing of refractory ceramic components for metallurgical applications, without, however, formulating an application-related limitation.
Zum Beispiel im Bereich der Sekundärmetallurgie, zur Abdichtung einer feuerfesten keramischen Hülse gegenüber einer Schieberplatte, zur Abdichtung einer Schieberplatte (eines Schieberausgusses) gegenüber einem Wechselausguß, zur Abdichtung eines Eintauchausgusses gegenüber einem Wechselausguß sowie überall dort, wo beispielsweise zwei feuerfeste keramische Bauteile gegen Ansaugen von Luft abgedichtet werden müssen können Dichtmassen und Dichtungen der gattungsgemäßen Art Anwendung finden.For example in the field of secondary metallurgy, for sealing a refractory ceramic sleeve against a slide plate, for sealing a slide plate (a slide spout) against an interchangeable spout, for sealing an immersion spout against an interchangeable spout, and wherever, for example, two refractory ceramic components prevent air from being sucked in Sealing compounds and gaskets of the generic type must be used.
Dichtungen müssen dabei sowohl an kalten wie auch an heißen Bauteilen eingesetzt werden. In jedem Fall unterliegen die Bauteile und damit die zugehörigen Dichtungen einer erheblichen thermischen Belastung. Man hat die genannten Kontaktbereiche benachbarter feuerfester keramischer Bauteile in der Vergangenheit beispielsweise mit keramischen feuerfesten Mörteln abgedichtet. Nachteilig ist dabei, daß die meist mit Wasser angemachte Mortelmasse anschließend trocknet und schrumpft und dabei ihre Dichtfunktion zum Teil erheblich einbüßt. Außerdem ist das Mörteln ein aufwendiger Arbeitsschritt (DE 40 25 956 AI) .Seals must be used on both cold and hot components. In any case, the components and thus the associated seals are subject to considerable thermal stress. The aforementioned contact areas of adjacent refractory ceramic components have been sealed in the past, for example with ceramic refractory mortars. The disadvantage here is that the mortar mass, which is usually mixed with water, then dries and shrinks and in the process loses some of its sealing function. In addition, mortar is a complex step (DE 40 25 956 AI).
In der DE 40 25 956 AI wird alternativ vorgeschlagen, den Mörtel aus einer bei Betriebstemperatur blähenden Masse zu bilden und in einer Hülle zu konfektionieren. Mit dieser „Dichtung" kann zum Beispiel der kegelstumpfformige Ringspalt zwischen einem kegelstumpfformigen Spulstein und einem korrespondierenden Lochstein abgedichtet werden. Die Montage der bekannten Dichtung stellt eine deutliche Vereinfachung gegenüber dem bekannten Aufmorteln eines monolithischen Mörtels dar. Bei höheren Temperaturen härtet die Masse jedoch aus und kann Spaltanderungen wahrend des Betriebs nicht mehr kompensieren.In DE 40 25 956 AI it is alternatively proposed to form the mortar from a material that expands at operating temperature and to assemble it in a casing. This "seal" can be used, for example, to seal the frustoconical annular gap between a frustoconical trough and a corresponding perforated brick. The assembly of the known seal represents a significant simplification compared to the known mortaring of a monolithic mortar. At higher temperatures, however, the mass hardens and can No longer compensate for gap changes during operation.
In der EP 0 424 502 Bl wird eine Ringdichtung auf Graphitbasis beschrieben. Graphit ist jedoch äußerst e pfindlicn gegenüber Sauerstoff. Die bekannte Dichtung laßt sich deshalb nur dort einsetzen, wo ein sicherer Schutz vor Sauerstoffzutritt besteht.A ring seal based on graphite is described in EP 0 424 502 B1. However, graphite is extremely sensitive to oxygen. The known seal can therefore only be used where there is reliable protection against the ingress of oxygen.
Von der North American Refractories Co. wird unter der Kennzeichnung Kro oc ein Dichtungsring angeboten, der unter anderem etwa 80 Gew.% A1203 und etwa 5 Gew.°a Graphit enthalt. Diese Dichtung ist jedoch nur bis etwa 450°C plastisch und versprodet bei höheren Anwenαungste peraturen.From the North American Refractories Co., a sealing ring ° a graphite under the designation Kro oc offered, among other things, about 80 wt.% A1 2 0 3 and about 5 percent. Contains. However, this seal is only plastic up to about 450 ° C and brittle at higher temperatures.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Dichtungsmasse und eine Dichtung anzubieten, die bis zu Anwendungstemperaturen von ca. 1600°C ihre plastischen Eigenschaften behält und entsprechend auch im Betrieb bei hohen Temperaturen Form- und Positionsänderungen benachbarter feuerfeste Bauteile sicher kompensieren und beispielsweise einen Luftzutritt zuverlässig verhindern kann. Die Masse/Dichtung soll ferner möglichst kompressibel sein.The invention has for its object a sealant and to offer a seal that retains its plastic properties up to application temperatures of approx. 1600 ° C and accordingly can reliably compensate for changes in shape and position of neighboring refractory components even during operation at high temperatures and, for example, reliably prevent air from entering. The mass / seal should also be as compressible as possible.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß dazu vor allem eine Dichtung auf Graphitbasis geeignet ist, wobei der Graphitanteil zwischen 30 und 60 Gew.% der Gesamtmasse betragen soll, entsprechend einem Volumenanteil zwischen 45 und 90%.The invention is based on the knowledge that a graphite-based seal is particularly suitable for this purpose, the graphite fraction being between 30 and 60% by weight of the total mass, corresponding to a volume fraction between 45 and 90%.
Wegen der großen Empfindlichkeit des Kohlenstoffs (Graphit) gegenüber Sauerstoff müssen die Kohlenstoffpartikel zusätzlich gegen Oxidation geschützt werden.Because of the great sensitivity of carbon (graphite) to oxygen, the carbon particles must also be protected against oxidation.
Erfindungsgemäß geschieht dies durch verschiedene Oxide, die Zwangsbestandteil der Dichtungsmasse sind, wobei diese Oxide so augewählt werden, daß sie innerhalb bestimmter Temperaturintervalle glasartige Schmelzphasen bilden, die den einzelnen Kohlenstoffpartikeln quasi eine Art „Schutzhülle" verleihen und so vor Oxidation schützen.According to the invention, this is done by means of various oxides which are compulsory constituents of the sealing compound, these oxides being selected such that they form glass-like melting phases within certain temperature intervals, which give the individual carbon particles a kind of “protective shell” and thus protect against oxidation.
In diesem Zusammenhang spielt folgender ergänzender Erfindungsgedanke eine wichtige Rolle:In this context, the following additional inventive concept plays an important role:
Um die plastischen Eigenschaften der Dichtungsmasse über das gesamte Temperaturspektrum (von 20 bis 1600°C) sicherzustellen enthält die Dichtungsmasse verschiedene Oxide, die untereinander in verschiedenen Temperaturintervallen die gewünschten glasigen Schmelzen bilden. So schützt B203 (zugegeben zum Beispiel als Borax) den Kohlenstoff beispielsweise im Temperaturbereich von 500 bis 800°C, weil Borax in diesem Temperaturbereich aufschmilzt und die Schmelzphase den gewünschten Schutz für die Graphitteilchen schafft .To ensure the plastic properties of the sealant over the entire temperature range (from 20 to 1600 ° C), the sealant contains various oxides that form the desired glassy melts with each other at different temperature intervals. B 2 0 3 (added as borax, for example) protects the carbon, for example, in the temperature range from 500 to 800 ° C., because borax melts in this temperature range and the melting phase creates the desired protection for the graphite particles.
Bei höheren Temperaturen kann eine weitere Schmelzphase aus der Komponente Si02 gebildet werden, • wobei sich das Schmelzintervall durch Zugabe verschiedener Flußmittel wie K20 oder Na20 in verschiedene Masseanteilen auf den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall einstellen läßt.At higher temperatures, a further melting phase can be formed from component Si0 2 , • the melting interval being adjustable in various proportions by mass by adding different fluxes such as K 2 0 or Na 2 0 to the respective application.
Bei noch höheren Temperaturen (bis 1600 °C) finden vor allem hochtemperaturbeständige Oxide wie AI2O3 als Bestandteil der Dichtungsmasse Anwendung, dessen Schmelztemperatur entweder durch analoge Flußmittel und/oder die bei niedrigeren Temperaturen zuvor bereits gebildeten Schmelzen herabgesetzt wird.At even higher temperatures (up to 1600 ° C), high-temperature-resistant oxides such as Al2O3 are used as a component of the sealing compound, the melting temperature of which is reduced either by analogous flux and / or the melts previously formed at lower temperatures.
In ihrer allgemeinsten Ausführungsform betrifft die Erfindung eine feuerfeste, bis zu einer Anwendungstemperatur von 1600°C plastische und kompressible Dichtungsmasse aus 30 bis 60 Gew.% Graphit sowie verschiedenen, im Temperaturbereich zwischen 450 und 1600°C unterschiedliche glasige Schmelzphasen bildenden Oxiden, wie sie beispielhaft vorstehend genannt sind.In its most general embodiment, the invention relates to a refractory, up to an application temperature of 1600 ° C plastic and compressible sealing compound made of 30 to 60% by weight of graphite and various oxides forming glassy melting phases which differ in the temperature range between 450 and 1600 ° C, as exemplified are mentioned above.
In Vorversuchen wurde festgestellt, daß, ausgehend von dem genannten Masseanteil des Graphits, die Anteile verschiedener Oxide beispielsweise wie folgt sein können:In preliminary tests it was found that, based on the mass fraction of graphite mentioned, the fractions of different oxides can be, for example, as follows:
- Si02: 18 und 28 Gew.%,- Si0 2 : 18 and 28 wt%,
- A1203 : 8 und 18 Gew . % - Na20 und/oder K20: jeweils 1 und 6 Gew.%, wobei der Anteil an Na20 und K20 ingesamt 6 Gew.% nicht übersteigen sollte,- A1 2 0 3 : 8 and 18 wt. % Na 2 0 and / or K 2 0: 1 and 6% by weight in each case, the total amount of Na 2 0 and K 2 0 not exceeding 6% by weight,
- B203 4 und 10 Gew.%.- B 2 0 3 4 and 10% by weight.
Die Dichtungsmasse kann auch einen Anteil zwischen 2 und 10 Gew.% feinteiliges Silicium-Metall aufweisen. Si-Metall bildet ebenfalls einen wirksamen Oxidationsschutz gegenüber Kohlenstoff, insbesondere bei höheren Temperaturen, unter Bildung von SiC.The sealing compound can also have a proportion between 2 and 10% by weight of finely divided silicon metal. Si metal also forms an effective oxidation protection against carbon, especially at higher temperatures, with the formation of SiC.
Die Begrenzung auf maximal 10 Gew.% metallisches Siliciu ist wichtig, um die plastischen Eigenschaften der Masse/Dichtung auch im Hochtemperaturbereich sicherzustellen.The limitation to a maximum of 10% by weight of metallic silicon is important in order to ensure the plastic properties of the mass / seal even in the high temperature range.
Im Temperaturbereich bis zu Beginn der ersten Schmelzphase, in der Regel im 3ereιch bis etwa 500 °C, ist die Dichtungsmasse selbst plastisch verformbar.In the temperature range up to the beginning of the first melting phase, usually in the 3ereιch to about 500 ° C, the sealant itself is plastically deformable.
Bei höheren Temperaturen werden die gewünschten plastischen Eigenschaften maßgeblich durch die genannten Schmelzphasen sichergestellt, die insoweit neben dem Oxidationsschutz eine weitere wichtige Aufgabe erfüllen.At higher temperatures, the desired plastic properties are largely ensured by the melting phases mentioned, which, in addition to protecting against oxidation, fulfill another important task.
Der Graphitanteil kann b s zu 10 Gew.%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmasse, durch andere Kohlenstofftrager wie Ruß ersetzt sein, ohne die genannten Eigenschaften der Dichtungsmasse grundsätzlich zu verschlechtern, wenngleich eine Dichtungsmasse, deren Kohlenstoffgehalt ausschließlich aus Graphit, vorzugsweise einer Teilchengroße zwischen 30 und 100 um besteht, in besonderem Maße für die oben genannten Anwendungen geeignet ist. Die Dichtungsmasse kann - je nach Anwendungsfall - als solche oder als dreidimensionaler Formkorper konfektioniert verarbeitet werden.Up to 10% by weight of the graphite, based on the total mass, can be replaced by other carbon carriers such as carbon black without fundamentally impairing the properties of the sealant mentioned, albeit a sealant whose carbon content consists exclusively of graphite, preferably a particle size between 30 and 100 order exists, is particularly suitable for the above-mentioned applications. Depending on the application, the sealing compound can be processed as such or as a three-dimensional molded article.
Die Form der Dichtung kann grundsätzlich beliebig sein. Sie wird sich in erster Linie nach der Anwendung richten. Zur Abdichtung zwischen einer Hülse und einem Schieberverschluß (einer Schieberplatte) kann die Dichtung zum Beispiel die Form eines Rings oder einer (flachen) Scheibe haben.The shape of the seal can basically be any. It will primarily depend on the application. For sealing between a sleeve and a slide closure (a slide plate), the seal can have the shape of a ring or a (flat) disk, for example.
Um einen konischen Gasspulstein gegenüber einer korrespondierenden Lochstemoffnung abzudichten kann αie Dichtung als vorkonfektionierter Zylinder m t Kegelstumpfform ausgebildet sein, der auf den Gasspulkegel vor dem Einsetzen in den Lochstein aufgelegt wird.In order to seal a conical gas coil stone with respect to a corresponding hole opening, the seal can be designed as a prefabricated cylinder with a truncated cone shape, which is placed on the gas coil cone before it is inserted into the hole stone.
Be diesen Anwendungen kann neben der Piastizitat (Flexibilität, Biegbarkeit) der Dichtung auch die Formbeständigkeit (m der jeweiligen Vorkonfektionierung) wichtig sein. Hierzu sieht eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung vor, die Dichtung mit einem mittig angeordneten Trager für die Dichtungsmasse auszubilden, wodurch eine Art Armierung geschaffen wird.In addition to the plasticity (flexibility, flexibility) of the seal, the dimensional stability (m of the respective pre-assembly) can also be important for these applications. To this end, a development of the invention provides for the seal to be designed with a centrally arranged support for the sealing compound, as a result of which a type of reinforcement is created.
Der Trager kann zum Beispiel aus einer feuerfesten Fasermatte oder einem feuerfesten Gewebe bestehen.The carrier can be made of, for example, a refractory fiber mat or a refractory fabric.
Auch eine einseitige Deckschicht aus einem solchen Gewebe oder einer solchen Matte ist möglich. Als Werkstoff eignen sich zum Beispiel keramische Materialien, zum Beispiel auf Basis AI2O3.A one-sided cover layer made of such a fabric or mat is also possible. Ceramic materials, for example based on Al 2 O 3, are suitable as a material.
Eine weitere Ausfuhrungsform sieht vor, daß mindestens eine Oberfläche der Dichtung von einem Papier oder einer Folie, zum Beispiel einer Kunststoffolie, abgedeckt ist. Diese Abdeckung hat vor allem die Funktion, die Montage zu erleichtern, indem die klebrige Dichtungsmasse geschützt wird.Another embodiment provides that at least one Surface of the seal is covered by a paper or a film, for example a plastic film. The primary function of this cover is to facilitate assembly by protecting the sticky sealant.
Die Dichtung kann eine beliebige Dicke und Größe aufweisen. Üblicherweise wird eine Gesamtdicke zwischen 2 und 10 mm ausreichen, die Dichtungsfunktion bei den genannten metallurgischen Anwendungen zu erfüllen.The seal can have any thickness and size. Usually a total thickness between 2 and 10 mm will be sufficient to fulfill the sealing function in the metallurgical applications mentioned.
Die beschriebene Dichtungsmasse beziehungsweise Dichtung besitzt ferner eine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit und ist über das gesamte genannte Temperaturintervall kompressibel . The sealing compound or seal described also has a low thermal conductivity and is compressible over the entire temperature range mentioned.

Claims

Dichtungsmasse und Dichtung Patentansprüche Sealant and gasket patent claims
1.1.
Feuerfeste, bis zu einer Anwendungstemperatur von 1600°C plastische und kompressible Dichtungsmasse aus 30 bis 60 Gew.%Fire-resistant, plastic and compressible sealing compound up to an application temperature of 1600°C from 30 to 60% by weight
Graphit sowie verschiedenen, im Temperaturbereich zwischen 450 und 1600°C unterschiedliche glasige Schmelzphasen bildendenGraphite and various glassy melt phases that form different glassy melt phases in the temperature range between 450 and 1600°C
Oxiden.Oxides.
2.2.
Dichtungsmasse nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Oxide aus Si02, A103, Na20, K20 und/oder B20:. bestehen.Sealing compound according to claim 1, in which the oxides consist of Si0 2 , A10 3 , Na 2 0, K 2 0 and/or B 2 0 :. consist.
3.3.
Dichtungsmasse nach Anspruch 2, mit einem Anteil an Si02 zwischen 18 und 28 Gew.%, A1203 zwischen 8 und 18 Gew.% , Na20 zwischen 1 und 6 Gew.%, K20 zwischen 1 und 6 Gew.% und/oder B203 zwischen 4 und 10 Gew.%.Sealing compound according to claim 2, with a proportion of Si0 2 between 18 and 28% by weight, A1 2 0 3 between 8 and 18% by weight, Na 2 0 between 1 and 6% by weight, K 2 0 between 1 and 6% by weight .% and/or B 2 0 3 between 4 and 10% by weight.
4.4.
Dichtungsmasse nach Anspruch 1 mit einem Anteil zwischen 2 undSealing compound according to claim 1 with a proportion between 2 and
10 Gew.% metallischem Silicium. 10% by weight metallic silicon.
5.5.
Dichtungsmasse nach Anspruch 1, bei der der Graphitanteil bis zu 10 Gew.%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmasse, durch andere Kohlenstoffträger wie Ruß ersetzt ist.Sealing compound according to claim 1, in which the graphite content up to 10% by weight, based on the total mass, is replaced by other carbon carriers such as soot.
6.6.
Dichtung aus einer Dichtungsmasse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, konfektioniert als dreidimensionaler Formkörper.Seal made of a sealing compound according to one of claims 1 to 5, assembled as a three-dimensional shaped body.
7.7.
Dichtung nach Anspruch 6, konfektioniert als Schnur, Ring,Seal according to claim 6, assembled as a cord, ring,
Scheibe, Zylinder, Kegel oder Kegelstumpf.Disc, cylinder, cone or truncated cone.
8.8th.
Dichtung nach Anspruch 6 mit einem einseitig oder mittig angeordneten Träger für die Dichtungsmasse.Seal according to claim 6 with a carrier for the sealing compound arranged on one side or in the middle.
9.9.
Dichtung nach Anspruch 8, bei der der Träger aus einer feuerfesten Fasermatte oder einem feuerfesten Gewebe besteht.A seal according to claim 8, wherein the support consists of a fireproof fiber mat or a fireproof fabric.
10.10.
Dichtung nach Anspruch 6, bei der mindestens eine Oberfläche von einem Papier oder einer Folie abgedeckt ist.Seal according to claim 6, in which at least one surface is covered by a paper or a film.
11.11.
Dichtung nach Anspruch 6 mit einer Gesamtdicke zwischen 2 undSeal according to claim 6 with a total thickness between 2 and
10 mm. 10mm.
PCT/EP1998/003514 1997-06-27 1998-06-10 Sealing compound and seal WO1999000339A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AU84380/98A AU8438098A (en) 1997-06-27 1998-06-10 Sealing compound and seal

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19727304A DE19727304C1 (en) 1997-06-27 1997-06-27 Sealant and gasket
DE19727304.1 1997-06-27

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT406896B (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-10-25 Bacher Helmut VACUUM-TIGHT SEAL FOR A SHAFT
US7659220B1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2010-02-09 Osram Sylvania Inc. Sealing composition for sealing aluminum nitride and aluminum oxynitride ceramics

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1353563A (en) * 1972-03-30 1974-05-22 Penzen Kompressorny Z Refractory material
EP0588218A1 (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-23 Akechi Ceramics Co. Ltd. Molten steel pouring nozzle

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3271308A (en) * 1960-05-17 1966-09-06 Garlock Inc Packing material and method and apparatus utilizing said packing material
FR1590777A (en) * 1968-11-05 1970-04-20
FR2356708A1 (en) * 1976-07-02 1978-01-27 Impervia Etudes Realisations ADVANCED FIRE-RESISTANT TRIMS
ZA771498B (en) * 1977-03-11 1978-02-22 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Sealant material
US4931413A (en) * 1986-11-03 1990-06-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Glass ceramic precursor compositions containing titanium diboride

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1353563A (en) * 1972-03-30 1974-05-22 Penzen Kompressorny Z Refractory material
EP0588218A1 (en) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-23 Akechi Ceramics Co. Ltd. Molten steel pouring nozzle

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