WO1998057101A1 - Solar thermal collector element - Google Patents
Solar thermal collector element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998057101A1 WO1998057101A1 PCT/NO1998/000181 NO9800181W WO9857101A1 WO 1998057101 A1 WO1998057101 A1 WO 1998057101A1 NO 9800181 W NO9800181 W NO 9800181W WO 9857101 A1 WO9857101 A1 WO 9857101A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar
- absorber sheet
- sheet
- glass pane
- element according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000127225 Enceliopsis nudicaulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
- H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
- F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/80—Accommodating differential expansion of solar collector elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
- F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
- F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention is related to a solar thermal collector element for building integrated mounting in wall facades, sloped roofs, as free standing units, etc.
- the air between the metal sheet and the rear wall is then heated by the transfer from the solar struck and heated metal sheet, whereafter this air is circulated normally by a fan and removed via ducts to a room where the space is directly heated by the solar heated incoming air, to a mass, such as a wall, a floor or a space element for storing the heat, and/or to an air/water heat exchanger to supply hot water.
- a solar collector that allows factory manufacturing or even mass production and the joining of glass and the solar absorber sheet into a complete solar collector unit that very easily can be mounted on site, is produced.
- This is achieved with the solar collector element according to the present invention as it is defined by the features stated in the claims.
- great advantages occur by the use of composites in ceramics, porcelain etc. with the selected colour resulting in increased architectural usefulness. At least with the darker of the colours the heat absorption from the sunrays will be practically as high as when using black colours.
- figure 1 a perspective view on a section of a solar collector element according to the present invention and figure 2 discloses in a cross section the compo- nents of one typical embodiment of the collector element.
- the solar collector element consists of a glass pane 1 that is fixed and hermetically sealed with a rear solar absorber sheet 2 with approximately the same thermal expansion coefficient as glass.
- the two layers are mounted together at a distance of from a few millimetres to several centimetres.
- the rear layer, the solar absorber sheet 2 is furthermore especially well equipped to absorb solar radiation and lead/transfer the heat from the front side to the backside of the absorber sheet 2.
- the backside of the element hence will heat air in an air compartment 3 behind the absorber sheet 2, from which air is directed to desired places through ducts.
- the backside of the air compartment 3 comprises of insulation 4 to avoid or decrease heat losses.
- the space behind the solar collector unit will vary in depth depending on the volume and speed of air circulating from this space via ducts to the indoor room or to the air/water heat exchanger.
- the rear layer of the solar absorber sheet 2 can for example be composed by steel/ceramics, porcelain or of another type of composite or of another consistence. This combination allows the putting together of the glass-layer and the composite layer with rim lists, spacers 5 and glass/metal glue at an optimum distance to ensure maximum solar radiation and maximum thermal insulation against heat losses through outgoing radia- tion. Furthermore a complete and durable tightening of the air gap between glass pane and absorber sheet is ensured, since the connection, e.g. glue etc, is not stressed unnecessary as a result of different thermal expansion coefficients for the two s layers .
- the spacers are hence together composing a building element that contain a hermetically sealed unit that can be manufactured for the desired purpose and mounted in curtain wall like frames to cover wall facades or roofs. Since the solar collector 5 element, according to this invention, is manufactured and handled very much like sealed glazing units, the unit can freely be used in all types of glazing facade and roof systems, and in all sizes.
- the composite sheet can be manufactured in a selection o of darker solar radiation absorbing colours that can be chosen to fit the colour scheme for the building or free standing unit in question. Such colours will not be degraded by solar radiation since they are made from non-organic materials. Durability and aesthetically pleasing appearance is hence ensured without loss
- the solar collector unit according to the present invention is mounted for example in a wall or in the roof with a distance to a building surface on the outside of the wall or the roof insulation.
- the collector element according to the present inven- tion may be used in a number of different embodiments.
- the unit can for example be free standing, connected to a building with ducts in the air or on the ground.
- the unit further can be integrated in a window shutter, under the roof tiles or it can be used as a sloping sunshade outside windows.
- the unit can be integrated in a complete wall or roof or in only part of it, in such a way that the collector elements will hardly be visible from the outside.
- the unit can be used for preheating ventilation air.
- the solar heating system can be combined with facade or roof integrated solar electric photo voltaic (PV) systems that often has a need for ventilating the space behind the PV modules to cool these down and through this increase the efficiency of solar PV.
- PV photo voltaic
- the present invention can be combined with PV modules by using the heated air from the backside of the solar PV modules as the ingoing air into the solar thermal system. A preheating is thus achieved in the thermal system at the same time as cooling of the PV system occurs. A higher efficiency is hence resulting on both systems.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98928664A EP0991901A1 (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-06-12 | Solar thermal collector element |
AU80413/98A AU8041398A (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-06-12 | Solar thermal collector element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO972738 | 1997-06-13 | ||
NO19972738A NO310636B1 (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1997-06-13 | Collector Item |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998057101A1 true WO1998057101A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
Family
ID=19900824
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NO1998/000181 WO1998057101A1 (en) | 1997-06-13 | 1998-06-12 | Solar thermal collector element |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0991901A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU8041398A (en) |
NO (1) | NO310636B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998057101A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004070281A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-19 | Panel Ip Pty. Ltd. | Solar energy system |
KR100473681B1 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2005-03-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | Jointing device of solar collector for steel house |
WO2007016723A1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-15 | Pure Solar Power (Ip) Pty Ltd | Solar collector |
WO2008128375A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-30 | Kui Qi | A solar-energy collecting system for building |
WO2011137879A2 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Ecoraw, S.R.O. | Building strata of the thermally insulating system with an air gap |
WO2015055714A1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Designergy Sa | Building construction surface element and building construction / building construction surface arrangement and method to manufacture same |
US10663178B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2020-05-26 | Innovative North | Thermal insulating apparatus and uses thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010054394A1 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-14 | Enersearch Gmbh | Solar facade element, solar facade system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3120794A1 (en) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-12-23 | Wilfried 3000 Hannover Rosendahl | Solar collector for heating a fluid |
EP0123091A1 (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-10-31 | Volksbank Remscheid eG | Wall for the absorption of sun rays |
EP0473859A1 (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-03-11 | Günther Seidel | Wall for radiation absorption and method for absorbing radiations and transferring thermal energy in solar walls |
EP0626545A1 (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-11-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device for passive solar heating of buildings |
-
1997
- 1997-06-13 NO NO19972738A patent/NO310636B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-06-12 WO PCT/NO1998/000181 patent/WO1998057101A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-12 AU AU80413/98A patent/AU8041398A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-12 EP EP98928664A patent/EP0991901A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3120794A1 (en) * | 1981-05-25 | 1982-12-23 | Wilfried 3000 Hannover Rosendahl | Solar collector for heating a fluid |
EP0123091A1 (en) * | 1983-03-14 | 1984-10-31 | Volksbank Remscheid eG | Wall for the absorption of sun rays |
EP0473859A1 (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-03-11 | Günther Seidel | Wall for radiation absorption and method for absorbing radiations and transferring thermal energy in solar walls |
EP0626545A1 (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1994-11-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device for passive solar heating of buildings |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100473681B1 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2005-03-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | Jointing device of solar collector for steel house |
WO2004070281A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-19 | Panel Ip Pty. Ltd. | Solar energy system |
EP1595098A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2005-11-16 | Panel IP Pty. Ltd. | Solar energy system |
EP1595098A4 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2006-05-03 | Panel Ip Pty Ltd | Solar energy system |
WO2007016723A1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-15 | Pure Solar Power (Ip) Pty Ltd | Solar collector |
WO2008128375A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-30 | Kui Qi | A solar-energy collecting system for building |
WO2011137879A2 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Ecoraw, S.R.O. | Building strata of the thermally insulating system with an air gap |
WO2011137879A3 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-12-29 | Ecoraw, S.R.O. | Building strata of the thermally insulating system with an air gap |
WO2015055714A1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Designergy Sa | Building construction surface element and building construction / building construction surface arrangement and method to manufacture same |
CN105659493A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-06-08 | 能源设计股份有限公司 | Building construction surface element and building construction / building construction surface arrangement and method to manufacture same |
JP2016537530A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-12-01 | デザイナジー・エスア | Building architectural surface elements and building architecture / building architectural surface arrangement and method of manufacturing building architectural surface arrangement |
US10663178B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2020-05-26 | Innovative North | Thermal insulating apparatus and uses thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU8041398A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
NO972738L (en) | 1998-12-14 |
EP0991901A1 (en) | 2000-04-12 |
NO972738D0 (en) | 1997-06-13 |
NO310636B1 (en) | 2001-07-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5596981A (en) | Solar device and method for assembly | |
US4323054A (en) | Solar energy collection system | |
CA1171350A (en) | Reflective insulating blinds for windows and the like | |
RU2021457C1 (en) | Wall member for window facing panels | |
EP1920120B1 (en) | Double-skin and moveable- sunshade facade system | |
KR100377069B1 (en) | Sunlight Energy Conversion Apparatus, and Air Circulation System | |
JP5389925B2 (en) | Transparent perforated plate glass for heat recovery and air heating by sunlight | |
US4327708A (en) | Solar siding for buildings | |
US3971359A (en) | Louvered selective solar energy collector | |
US6758211B1 (en) | Transparent thermal insulation device | |
US4392483A (en) | Solar collector means | |
EP0991901A1 (en) | Solar thermal collector element | |
US4557253A (en) | Solar collector employing conventional siding, and air distribution system therefor | |
KR100896385B1 (en) | Solar collector having double window | |
US20110232213A1 (en) | Solar roofing assembly | |
US20040134482A1 (en) | Isolation shield system, insolation shield and method | |
KR101586109B1 (en) | Hybrid Window System | |
Khedari et al. | Expertmental study of a roof solar collector towards the natural ventilation of new habitations | |
Sharma et al. | Vary‐therm wall for cooling/heating of buildings in composite climate | |
GB2373849A (en) | Ventilation heat exchanger | |
CN215106362U (en) | Dual-purpose double-deck curtain in winter and summer based on solar drive | |
SU1026502A1 (en) | Solar-energy wall | |
JPS5912242A (en) | Heat recovery type ventilator | |
FI64005C (en) | ENERGIUPPSAMLARE | |
CN115288579A (en) | Hollow glass with ventilation opening, preparation method, door and window and glass curtain wall |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE GH GM GW HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998928664 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1999502175 Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998928664 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: CA |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1998928664 Country of ref document: EP |