WO1998055169A1

WO1998055169A1 - Spinal anesthetic needle

Info

Publication number: WO1998055169A1
Application number: PCT/JP1997/001870
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ryochi Enishi; Akio Higuchi; Hayato Hyugaji
Original assignee: Soken Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1997-06-02
Filing date: 1997-06-02
Publication date: 1998-12-10

Abstract

A spinal anesthetic needle which comprises a mandrin (3) extending through a needle tube (1) and a needle base (2), and a handle (5) mounted to a rear end of the mandrin, and serves to perform spinal anesthesia by pulling out the mandrin (3) with the handle (5) after a needle tube tip end (11) punctures the subarachnoid space, and instead inserting a needle of a syringe, which contains a local anesthetic. Provided is a spring (14) for fixing a slider (4) to the rear end of the mandrin (3), for having the handle (5) support the slider (4) to make the same slidable between a foremost position and a rearmost position and enable a displacement of the same visually recognizable, and for biasing the slider (4) in the handle (5). When the needle tube tip end (11) and a mandrin tip end (31) pass through a tissue subjected to a puncture resistance, the spring (14) is contracted to retract the slider (4) to the rearmost position. When the needle tube tip end (11) and the mandrin tip end (31) reach the subarachnoid space where they are free from the puncture resistance, the spring (14) pushes the slider (4) back to the foremost position, which can be promptly recognized.

Description

Description Spinal anesthesia needle Technical field

The present invention relates to a spinal anesthesia needle used for injecting a local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space. Background art

Known spinal anesthesia needles consist of a needle tube, a needle base attached to the rear end of the needle tube, a mandolin inserted through the needle tube from the needle base, and a knob attached to the rear end of the mandolin. It had been. The tip of the needle tube was a lancet point force formed by diagonally cutting a cylindrical needle tube body, or a pencil point formed in a non-perforated cone. The hole at the Lancet point was at the tip of the needle tube, and the hole at the pencil point was at the peripheral surface behind the leading end of the needle tube. When performing spinal anesthesia using a known spinal anesthesia needle, it was necessary to judge whether the tip of the needle tube reached the subarachnoid space by both the lancet point and the pencil point, and it took many years. Without this experience, it was not possible to judge whether the puncture was accurate or not.

The lancet point is good in that the hole is at the tip of the needle tube, and the cerebrospinal fluid flows into the needle tube as soon as the mandolin is removed, so that the time required to confirm the cerebrospinal fluid reflux is short. Since the tip becomes a sharp cutting edge, the dura was damaged during puncture, and there was a problem in that headache was likely to occur after spinal anesthesia. The pencil point is good in that the tip of the needle tube is not a sharp cutting edge and does not damage the dura at the time of puncture, thereby reducing the occurrence of headache after spinal anesthesia. However, there is a problem that the time to check the cerebrospinal fluid may be prolonged even if the tip reaches the subarachnoid space but does not reach the hole. Disclosure of the invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to objectively confirm that the tip of the needle tube has reached the subarachnoid space, not by touch. An object of the present invention is to provide a spinal anesthesia needle which has no possibility of damaging the dura at the time of puncture and has a quick confirmation of CSF reflux.

Means adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object include a needle tube, a needle base attached to the rear end of the needle tube, a mandolin inserted from the needle base into the needle tube, and a mandrel of the mandrel. In a spinal anesthesia needle consisting of a knob attached to the rear end and connected to the needle base, a slider is fixed to the rear end of the mandolin, and the slider is reciprocated between the advanced position and the retracted position. The slider is provided with a knob for urging the slider forward or backward.

The tip of the needle tube is formed in a truncated cone shape with a hole at the top center, and the tip of the mandolin is formed in a cone shape. The vertex angle of the conical mandolin tip ranges from 15 degrees to 50 degrees. When the slider is in the retracted position, the rear end of the conical tip of the mandolin is set to be at the same position as or ahead of the front end of the frusto-conical tip of the needle tube. When puncturing the spinal anesthesia needle of the present invention, the tip of the needle should be skin, subcutaneous tissue, supraspinatus The ligament, the interspinous ligament, the yellow ligament, the epidural space, the dura, and the arachnoid sequentially pass to the subarachnoid space, but the puncture resistance is relatively large because the other tissues are relatively dense except the subarachnoid space. This piercing resistance pushes the mandolin backwards, causing the slider integral with the mandolin to move to the retracted position against the spring.

At this time, the rear end of the conical tip of the mandolin is located at the same level as or ahead of the front end of the frusto-conical tip of the needle tube, so the cross section of the needle expands continuously rather than stepwise. To facilitate puncture. Since the conical tip is not cutting-edge-shaped, it passes through the dura and separates the dural fibers without cutting them, thus minimizing dura damage. As a result, the occurrence of headache after spinal anesthesia is reduced as in the conventional pencil point.

When the needle tip reaches the subarachnoid space, the puncture resistance decreases sharply, so when urging the slider forward, the spring extends and pushes out the mandlin with the slider. If the knob is made transparent, the displacement of this slider can be easily observed. Therefore, whether the needle tip has reached the subarachnoid space can be confirmed by visually observing that the slider has moved to the retracted position. In order to facilitate this visual observation, it is desirable that the slider be colored in a clear color such as red or blue, and that the knob be transparent or that the colored portion of the slider protrude from the knob. When biasing the slider backward, fix an operable pin at the rear end of the slider and project the pin from the rear end face of the knob. The puncture resistance is high until the needle tip reaches the subarachnoid space, so the slider does not advance even if the pin is pushed forward with a little force, but when the needle reaches the subarachnoid space, the puncture resistance sharply decreases, so it is slightly stronger When the pin is pushed forward with the force applied to the spring, the slider moves to the advanced position, so it can be confirmed that the needle tip has reached the subarachnoid space. After visually recognizing that the needle tip has reached the subarachnoid space, pull the knob to withdraw the mandolin from the needle tube and allow the spinal fluid in the subarachnoid space to flow back into the needle tube. As in the conventional lancet point, the hole in the needle tube opens at the tip, so that mandulin is removed and spinal fluid flows into the needle tube at the same time. Therefore, the time to confirm CSF reflux is short.

Then, a syringe containing a local anesthetic is connected to the needle base, and the anesthetic is injected into the subarachnoid space through the hole in the needle tube. Since the hole opens at the tip of the needle tube located in the subarachnoid space, the local anesthetic is reliably injected into the subarachnoid space, similar to the lancet point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the appearance of the spinal anesthesia needle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of a main part of the spinal anesthesia needle of FIG. 1, in which the slider is at a forward position.

FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing a state where the slider is at a retracted position.

FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2, showing a state in which the slider is pulled out together with the mandolin.

FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 of the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 of the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 of the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 of the third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 of the fourth embodiment. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The spinal anesthesia needle of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 comprises a circular needle tube 1, a needle base fixed to the rear end of the needle tube 1, a mandolin 3 penetrating the needle tube 1 from the needle base, and The slider 4 includes a slider 4 fixed to the rear end of the mandrel 3 and a knob 5 that slidably supports the slider 4. The tip 31 of the mandolin 3 is formed in a conical shape, for example, a cone having an apex angle of 15 to 50 degrees, and the tip 11 of the needle tube 1 is a cone having the same inclination angle as the tip 31 of the mandolin. It is formed in a trapezoidal shape. The knob 5 is made of a transparent resin, and the slider 4 inside can be easily recognized from the outside.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rear end of the needle tube 1 is inserted into a metal base 6 housed in a synthetic resin needle base 2, and the needle tube 1, the needle base 2 and the base 6 are integrated via an adhesive resin. Fixed to The base 6 guides the insertion of the mandolin 3 into the needle tube 1. A shaft hole 7 extends from the rear end of the base 6 to the rear end surface of the needle base 2, and the shaft portion 8 of the slider 4 is slidably inserted into the shaft hole 7. A threaded protrusion 9 is formed on the rear outer peripheral surface of the needle base 2, and the protrusion 9 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the front part of the knob 5 so that it is screwed into the threaded recess 10 and the knob 5 is attached to and detached from the needle base 1. Connect freely. A slider plate 17 is formed in the knob 5 to abut the rear end face of the needle base 2, and a shaft hole 12 of the same diameter as the shaft hole 7 of the needle base 2 is made in the partition plate 17 to move the slider. Pass the shaft 8 of 4. Behind the partition 17 of the knob 5, the collar 13 is fitted over the shaft 8 of the slider 4 and fixed. Attach the coil spring 14 to the rear shaft 8 of the collar 13, and attach the lid 15 to the rear end of the knob 5 detachably. The coil spring 14 compressed between the collar 13 and the lid 15 presses the collar 13 against the partition 17 to hold the slider 4 in the forward position. At this time, the rear end of the conical tip 3 1 of the mandolin 3 is the needle tube 1 Protrudes by a length a from the front end of the frusto-conical tip 1 1. In addition, there is a space b between the rear end of the shaft portion 8 of the slider 4 and the lid 15 that is equal to or shorter than the length a. Since the outer peripheral surface of the collar 13 is close to the inner peripheral surface of the transparent knob 4, if it is colored vivid red, blue, etc., the position can be easily seen from the outside.

As shown in Fig. 3, when the mandolin 3 is pushed backward, the slider 4 moves to the retracted position where the rear end abuts the lid 15 together with the mandolin 3, and the collar 13 is piled on the coil spring 14 It is separated from the partition 17 by the length b. At this time, the rear end of the conical tip 3 1 of the mandolin 3 is located forward of the front end of the frustoconical tip 11 of the needle tube 1, so the cross section of the tip of the needle is not stepwise from front to back. Expand continuously.

This spinal anesthesia needle is set so as to be compressed by the length b by the puncture resistance of the mandolin 3 before the coil spring 14 reaches the subarachnoid space. The distal end 3 1 The rear end is exposed from the distal end of the needle tube 1 by the length a from the front end.However, when penetrating the human body, the puncture resistance pushes the mandolin 3 backward and is integrated with the mandolin 3. The slider 4 moves to the retracted position. However, since a≥b, the entire conical tip 31 of the mandolin 3 is always located ahead of the frustoconical tip 11 of the needle tube 1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the mandolin tip 31 and the needle tube tip 11 form a substantially flush cone. This state can be easily known by observing the position of the slider 13 on the slider 4 through the transparent knob 5. As with the conventional pencil point, this conical needle tip only separates the dural fibers without cutting them, thus minimizing leakage of spinal fluid from the dura and minimizing spinal anesthesia. The occurrence of occipital headache is greatly reduced. When the tip reaches the subarachnoid space, the puncture resistance sharply decreases.Therefore, the coil spring 14 pushes back the collar 13 and presses it against the diaphragm 11 to move the slider 4 again from the retracted position in FIG. Return to the forward position shown in. The reaching of the spinal anesthesia needle to the subarachnoid space can be easily confirmed by the movement of the collar 13 seen from the knob 5 from the retracted position to the advanced position. The judgment based on the position of the collar 13 is more reliable than the conventional judgment based on touch. After the tip reaches the subarachnoid space, turn the knob 5 to loosen the connection with the needle base 2, then remove the slider 4 from the needle base together with the knob 5 and remove the mandrel 3 from the needle tube 1.

As shown in Fig. 4, when the mandrel is removed, the interior of the needle tube 1 becomes empty, and the hole 16 at the distal end 11 opens into the subarachnoid space like a conventional lancet point. The spinal fluid in the subarachnoid space immediately flows into the needle tube 1 from the hole 16. Therefore, the time required to confirm CSF reflux is short. After confirming the spinal fluid reflux, insert a syringe (not shown) containing a local anesthetic into the shaft hole 7 of the needle base 2 instead of mandolin, and gradually inject the anesthetic. After the injection, a small amount of spinal fluid is aspirated into the syringe to confirm injection of the anesthetic, and then the needle tube 1 is removed from the human body.

In the illustrated spinal anesthesia needle, the advancing position of the mandolin 3 was defined by bringing the slider 13 of the slider 4 into contact with the diaphragm 17 provided on the knob 5, but without the diaphragm, the collar 13 was not provided. Can be brought into contact with the rear end face of the needle base 2 to define the advance position of the mandolin 3.

In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a mask 18 partially opening on the inner peripheral surface of the transparent knob 5 is fitted, and the collar 13 of the slider 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape. When the slider 4 is in the forward position, the portion exposed from the opening of the mask 18 on the outer peripheral surface of the collar 13 is colored 19. Fig. 5 As shown in Fig. 6, when the slider 4 moves forward, the coloring 19 of the color 13 is visible from the outside, and in the retracted position of the slider 4 shown in Fig. 6, the coloring 19 of the color 13 becomes invisible. By doing so, they can be confirmed.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a pin 20 protruding from a lid 15 of a knob 5 is fixed to the rear end of the slider 4. The forward position of the slider 4 shown in FIG. 7 is such that the pin 20 does not protrude from the lid 15, and as shown in FIG. Each can be confirmed by protruding. If the pins 20 are colored, the confirmation becomes even easier.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the collar 13 is provided near the rear end of the slider 4, the spring 14 is disposed in front of the collar 13, and the slider 4 is positioned rearward. The slider 20 is provided with a pin 20 protruding from a lid 15 of a knob 5 at the rear end of the slider 4. When the spring 14 presses the collar 13 against the lid 15, the slider 4 is in the retracted position. When the spring 14 is staken and the pin 20 is pushed forward, the slider moves to the advanced position. Until the needle tip reaches the subarachnoid space, even if the pin 20 is pushed forward slightly, the puncture resistance is large, and as shown in Fig. 10, the slider 4 integrated with the mandolin 3 does not move forward. Although the retracted position is maintained, the puncture resistance disappears when it reaches the subarachnoid space.When the pin 4 is pushed onto the spring 14 and pressed slightly, the slider 4 integrated with the mandolin is moved to the position shown in Fig. 9. As shown in the figure, since the needle moves to the advanced position, the arrival of the anesthesia needle in the subarachnoid space can be easily confirmed by the pin 20.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. a needle tube (1); a needle base (2) connected to the rear end of the needle tube; a mandolin (3) inserted freely into and out of the needle tube and the needle base; A spinal anesthesia needle comprising a knob (5) connected to an end thereof, wherein the distal end (11) of the needle tube is formed in a truncated cone shape, and the distal end (31) of the mandolin is formed in a conical shape; A slider (4) is fixed to the rear end of the drain, the slider is supported by the knob so that the slider can reciprocate between a forward position and a retracted position, and a spring (14) is provided on the knob to push the slider forward. A spinal anesthesia needle.

2. The spinal anesthesia needle according to claim 1, wherein the knob (5) is transparent, and a part of the slider (4) is colored to make the position of the slider easily visible.

3. The spinal anesthesia needle according to claim 1, wherein a pin (19) penetrating the knob in the axial direction is provided on the slider (4) to visually check the position of the slider.

4. When the slider is at the retracted position, the rear end of the mandrel cone tip (31) is located at the same position as the front end of the needle tube truncated cone-shaped tip (11) or at a position forward thereof. The spinal anesthesia needle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the needle is provided.

5. Insert the shaft portion (8) of the slider (4) into the shaft hole (7) through which the mandolin (3) of the needle base (2) penetrates, slidably in the axial direction. ), A collar (13) is externally fitted and fixed, and the collar is brought into contact with the needle base (2) by the spring (14) to set the advance position, and the shaft part to a part of the knob ( 15) The spinal anesthesia needle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the position is specified.

6. Insert the shaft (8) of the slider (4) into the shaft hole (7) of the needle base (2) through which the mandrel (3) penetrates slidably in the axial direction. A partition plate (17) through which the shaft portion (8) is slidably passed is provided, a collar (13) is externally fitted to the shaft portion (8) and fixed, and the collar is fixed by the spring by the spring. The retracted position is defined by contacting the shaft portion with a part (15) of the knob, and the retracted position is defined by contacting the shaft portion with the knob (15). 4. The spinal anesthesia needle according to any one of 4.

7. The spinal anesthesia needle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the needle base (2) and the knob (5) are connected in a screw shape.

8. a needle tube (1), a needle base (2) connected to the rear end of the needle tube, a mandrel (3) inserted through the needle tube and the needle base so as to be freely inserted and removed, and In a spinal anesthesia needle comprising a knob (5) connected to a rear end, a tip portion (11) of the needle tube is formed in a truncated cone shape, and a tip portion (31) of the mandolin is formed in a cone shape, A slider (4) is fixed to the rear end of the mandrel, the slider is supported by the knob so that the slider can reciprocate between a forward position and a retracted position, and a spring (24) is used to push the slider rearward on the knob. ), And a pin (20) fixed to a rear end of the slider (4) is operably protruded from a rear end surface of the knob (5).

9. When the slider is in the retracted position, the rear end of the mandrel cone-shaped tip (31) is at the same position as the front end of the needle tube truncated cone-shaped tip (11) or a position ahead of it. 9. The spinal anesthesia needle according to claim 8, wherein the spinal anesthesia needle is provided.