WO1998039551A1 - Instrument a ressorts pour trous de forage - Google Patents

Instrument a ressorts pour trous de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998039551A1
WO1998039551A1 PCT/CA1997/000160 CA9700160W WO9839551A1 WO 1998039551 A1 WO1998039551 A1 WO 1998039551A1 CA 9700160 W CA9700160 W CA 9700160W WO 9839551 A1 WO9839551 A1 WO 9839551A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
borehole
casing
instrument
transducer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA1997/000160
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hubert Josef Otte
Lennart Roosman
John E. Paulson
Original Assignee
Hubert Josef Otte
Lennart Roosman
Paulson John E
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hubert Josef Otte, Lennart Roosman, Paulson John E filed Critical Hubert Josef Otte
Priority to AU18650/97A priority Critical patent/AU1865097A/en
Priority to PCT/CA1997/000160 priority patent/WO1998039551A1/fr
Publication of WO1998039551A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998039551A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/22—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils
    • G01D5/2291—Linear or rotary variable differential transformers (LVDTs/RVDTs) having a single primary coil and two secondary coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to borehole instruments, and particular, to an instrument for indicating the dip angle of a borehole.
  • boreholes When drilling a borehole into a substrate in the earth's surface, it is well known that the drill bit will not drill a perfectly straight borehole. As it gets deeper into the earth's surface, or as the borehole becomes longer and as it encounters different types of strata, the bit will tend to wander, and may eventually adopt an angular orientation which is significantly different from that intended. It will of course be appreciated that boreholes may be drilled straight down into the earth, or in many cases, may be drilled at an intended off vertical angle or even at an upward angle.
  • the angle of the drill hole shall be inclined upwardly.
  • the invention comprises a borehole instrument for use in determining angles in boreholes, and comprising, an elongated casing, having a diameter adapted to fit down a desired borehole, and located along the central axis of the casing and defining first and second ends, a linear variable displacement transducer in said casing, located along said central axis, and having an operating rod positioned to extend therealong, said rod having a free end extending into said linear transducer, slide bearing means in said casing, remote from said transducer, said operating rod extending through said slide bearing means, weight means mounted on a free end of said operating rod, said weight means being free to move within said casing, whereby to slide said operating rod axially to and fro within said housing means, and spring means biassing the sliding of said rod in each direction.
  • the sliding of the rod along the axis of the transducer provides a signal from said transducer, said signal being proportional to said sliding displacement of said rod which is in turn proportional to the tilting of said casing, thereby giving a signal proportional to the dip angle of the borehole.
  • the invention further provides an instrument which is contained in a sealed closed casing, which is impervious to exterior contaminates normally found at a mine site such as water, mud, oil, chemicals, drilling fluids and the like, and which contains within it a signalling device adapted to provide signals corresponding to the angle of the reading of the instrument, and the invention further provides a separate hand-held instrument, which can be placed alongside the casing, and which contains electrical means for detecting said signal and reading the angle directly into the hand-held instrument, without the requirement of opening the casing, or any other manual interference with the casing.
  • the instrument also provides means for discharging the angle signal within the casing, once it has been recorded in the hand-held readout instrument, and thereby readying the instrument for a further dissent into the borehole to read an angle at a further position. Since the instrument becomes a part of a core retrieval system, the down-time for taking dip measurements with the acid-etching and other methods can take hours to complete. There, is no down-time with the invention. It constitutes at today's cost of drilling a considerable saving.
  • Figure 1 is a partially cutaway elevational view of a borehole instrument illustrating the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged elevation of a portion of the instrument illustrated in the bracket 2 of Figure 1, illustrating the invention
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged partially sectioned elevation of another portion of the instrument in accordance with the invention, and illustrated in the bracket 3 of Figure 1; and positioned vertical, for convenience of illustration;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged section along the line 4-4 of
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged section corresponding to Figure 4, tilted at a downward angle,-
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the electrical circuits of the instrument illustrating the invention,-
  • Figure 7 is a schematic side elevation, of a modified borehole instrument, shown adjacent to a hand held readout instrument.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the hand held readout instrument rotated 90°.
  • the instrument 10 comprises an elongated instrument casing 12, which is dimensioned so that it can fit down a borehole liner or tube of an appropriate diameter.
  • the instrument casing 12 is cylindrical in shape, and of substantially regular exterior dimension, and is usually made of metal.
  • At the top end it will have a ring, or other attachment means indicated as 14 by means of which it may be attached to a suitable cable or drill rod at the head of the borehole, to enable the instrument to be inserted into the borehole tube.
  • Boreholes are conventionally lined with tubes or casings into which the drill rods fit, the tubes or casings being progressively extended as drilling proceeds.
  • Instrument casing 12 may be considered as two portions indicated by the brackets 2 and 3 in Figure 1.
  • the bracket 2 indicates as shown in Figure 2, the upper portion of the apparatus 10 will be seen to have in this embodiment a sliding sleeve cover 16 which is normally slid upwardly and closed, but which may be slid downwardly to take a visual reading from the readout window 18.
  • a manual button 20 operates the display in the window 18 ( Figure 2) . Such a reading will be taken when the instrument is drawn back up to the surface, having been inserted a predetermined length into the borehole by means of a cable (not shown) (or by means of drill rods) and then withdrawn once more .
  • the lower portion of the device indicated by the bracket 3 of Figure 1 comprises a lower power housing 24, containing a battery 26, and having an end cap 28 by means of which the battery may be removed and replaced.
  • a linear variable displacement transducer indicated generally as 30, having a transducer rod 32 extending upwardly and downwardly therein.
  • Linear response transducers of this type are currently available from others and the details are omitted for clarity.
  • the instrument would be at an angle, tilted either downwardly or upwardly depending upon the angle of the borehole in which it was placed, in which case the question of which end was upward or downward would depend entirely on the angle of the borehole.
  • the casing 10 contains an inner mounting body 34.
  • the mounting body 34 defines a first and second counter bores 36 and 38.
  • a central wall portion 40 separates the two counter bores, and defines a central bearing opening 42.
  • the linear transducer 30 consisting essentially of an electrical sensing coil, of a type well known in the art.
  • Cup member 50 is generally hollow and defines a second bearing 52, in line with first bearing 42 in wall 40.
  • a washer 54 is captive between the body 34 and the cup 50.
  • the washer also defines a central opening 56, in line with the two bearings, for reasons to be described.
  • Rod 32 extends through bearings 42 and 52 and opening 56, and along the interior of sensing coil 30.
  • the rod is steel or other magnetic material for reasons to be described.
  • a first spring 58 is captive between the washer 54, and a washer 60 and nut 62 secured on rod 32, and is located within counter bore 38.
  • Nut 62 defines a clearance between itself and the wall 40 for reasons to be described, so that the rod may extend to and fro within the counter bore 38.
  • a second spring 64 is captive between the end of cup 50, and a mass weight 66, which is secured to the free end of the rod 32.
  • the rod 32 is thus secured in bearings at 42 and 52, and may reciprocate axially to and fro along the axis of casing 10.
  • the two springs 58 and 64 work in opposition to one another.
  • Figure 4 When the casing 10 is tilted upwardly ( Figure 4) , it will allow the mass weight 66 to move to the right and extend rod 32 to the right. This will compress spring 58 and extend spring 64.
  • Figure 5 When the casing is tilted downwardly. In this case, the mass weight 66 moves to the left, compressing spring 64 and extending spring 58.
  • the tilt angle of the casing can be measured by the transducer to a tolerance as low as one tenth of one degree.
  • the maximum extension of the rod to and fro in a typical case, may be in the region of one quarter of one inch or less, although this may vary from one design to another.
  • the device is of extreme simplicity, and once assembled and sealed, requires little or no maintenance, apart from the replacement or recharging of the power supply.
  • the instrument is capable of measuring angles down or up with extreme accuracy, and can be made at a relatively modest cost compared with other instruments attempting to carry out the same measurements.
  • this casing angle is recorded in a suitable memory, and when the instrument casing 10 is again withdrawn to the surface, the operator in this embodiment can by means of the manual switch obtain a visual readout of the angle of the bore hole.
  • the sensor is indicated generally by the block 30, and is connected to a control circuit 70, which is adapted to provide power, after a predetermined delay time.
  • Control circuit 70 is connected to a trigger switch 72, and to the battery 26.
  • the delay circuit 70 is also connected to a digital memory 74, and a constant current source 76 is connected to the memory 74.
  • the memory 74 is in turn connected to the readout 18, and manual switch 20.
  • control circuit provides a suitable delay time, to allow the instrument to be lowered to the desired depth, and then to adopt a steady position.
  • the control circuit 70 cooperates with the trigger switch 72, to trigger the operation of the sensor 30 after the appropriate delay.
  • the device is of extreme simplicity and is virtually maintenance free since it can be built and totally sealed, the only maintenance required being the recharging of the battery.
  • the only moving parts are the springs and rod 32, which being mounted in bearings or bushings 42 and 52, is relatively trouble free for an extended useful life, and which simply moves to and fro along a linear axis. There is virtually no wear and no lubrication required after assembly. While, for the purposes of illustration only, the weight is shown mounted on the end of the rod, it will of course be appreciated that the weight could be mounted more or less anywhere along the rod, provided there is sufficient clearance within the casing for movement of the weight to and fro, to move the rod. Similarly, while the illustration shows two separate biassing springs, working in opposition to one another, where space is limited, the two springs could be located concentrically one within the other.
  • the illustration of the weight means at the end of the rod and the illustration of the two springs separate from one another is not to be taken as limiting the invention to any particular configuration of weight and springs, but is merely for the purposes of ease of explanation.
  • the instrument may be totally sealed, and readings may be taken from the instrument by a remote readout device.
  • the borehole instrument is indicated by the general reference 80, which in Figure 7, is represented simply by a portion of the casing, but is intended to represent the whole instrument .
  • the instrument is not provided with a window, and a sliding cover for the window as in the embodiments of Figures 1 through 5.
  • the casing of the instrument is closed and sealed from top to bottom, and need never be opened except to recharge the batteries, which can be done away from the mine site in a clean area such a laboratory or a workshop.
  • the control circuit is illustrated generally as 82, and is located within the instrument 80, sealed from the exterior. It is connected to a magnetic coil 84, also located entirely within the instrument and sealed from the exterior. Coil 84 is located at a predetermined desired location within the instrument 80 for reasons to be described below.
  • the control circuit 82 functions so as to pass an information signal through the coil 84.
  • the instrument 80 is formed with an indexing recess 86 for reasons to be described below.
  • the remote readout instrument is indicated generally as 90, and comprises a housing illustrated schematically as 92, containing a battery power source 94, which is replaceable or rechargeable as desired.
  • the battery 94 is connected to a memory circuit board 96.
  • the circuit board 96 is connected to a magnetic coil 98.
  • a press button on/off switch 100 is located on one side of the housing 92.
  • a digital readout window 102 is provided with the usual forms of electronic display.
  • An indexing detent 104 is formed on the housing 92 adapted to register with the recess 96 in the instrument 80. In operation, the detent 104 is seated in the recess
  • the push button 100 is then operated to activate the circuit board 96. This will then activate the magnetic coil 98, so that it will receive a signal from the coil 84.
  • the signal will be displayed in the digital readout 102, and may also be retained in suitable memory circuits in the circuit board 96 (not shown) of a type well known in the art .
  • a large number of instrument readings may be taken, by repeatedly inserting the borehole instrument 80 into the borehole, to predetermined depths, and then simply logging the depth and noting the readout from the instrument or simply storing a readout in the memory. In this way a complete borehole can be logged as to its dip angle without ever having to open the instrument 80, which, at the mine site, can easily become contaminated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

Un indicateur d'angle à ressorts, destiné aux trous de forage, comprend un tubage allongé (10), dont le diamètre lui permet de descendre dans un trou de forage désiré; un transducteur de déplacement variable linéaire (30), disposé le long de l'axe central du tubage et comportant une tige de commande (32) avec une extrémité libre; des paliers (42, 52) de fixation de la tige, situés à distance du transducteur (30), la tige traversant en coulissant les paliers; un poids (66) monté sur la tige (32), pouvant se déplacer de façon à la faire coulisser à l'intérieur du tubage (10) afin de la déplacer axialement par rapport au transducteur (30); et des ressorts sollicitant le poids de façon à lui faire prendre une position de référence, et fonctionnant en opposition l'un par rapport à l'autre de façon à lui permettre de coulisser dans les deux directions.
PCT/CA1997/000160 1997-03-05 1997-03-05 Instrument a ressorts pour trous de forage WO1998039551A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU18650/97A AU1865097A (en) 1997-03-05 1997-03-05 Spring loaded borehole instrument
PCT/CA1997/000160 WO1998039551A1 (fr) 1997-03-05 1997-03-05 Instrument a ressorts pour trous de forage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA1997/000160 WO1998039551A1 (fr) 1997-03-05 1997-03-05 Instrument a ressorts pour trous de forage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998039551A1 true WO1998039551A1 (fr) 1998-09-11

Family

ID=4173202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA1997/000160 WO1998039551A1 (fr) 1997-03-05 1997-03-05 Instrument a ressorts pour trous de forage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1865097A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998039551A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0227456A2 (fr) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-01 Dickinson, Ben Wade Oakes, III Dispositif pour le forage d'un puits

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0227456A2 (fr) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-01 Dickinson, Ben Wade Oakes, III Dispositif pour le forage d'un puits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1865097A (en) 1998-09-22

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