WO1998037614B1 - Drive system for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Drive system for electric vehicles

Info

Publication number
WO1998037614B1
WO1998037614B1 PCT/US1998/001545 US9801545W WO9837614B1 WO 1998037614 B1 WO1998037614 B1 WO 1998037614B1 US 9801545 W US9801545 W US 9801545W WO 9837614 B1 WO9837614 B1 WO 9837614B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
drive
clutch
rotor
fluid pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/001545
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1998037614A1 (en
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/795,668 external-priority patent/US5804935A/en
Application filed filed Critical
Publication of WO1998037614A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037614A1/en
Publication of WO1998037614B1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037614B1/en

Links

Abstract

A dual-rotor electric motor (1), having an outer rotor (3) and an inner rotor (4), drives a first drive axle (5) and a second drive axle (6), while also provides inter-axle speed differential function. Torque and rotation are transmitted between the outer rotor and the first drive axle through a clutch (19) and a first drive shaft (20), and between the inner rotor and the second drive axle through a second drive shaft (22). A first brake (24) brakes the rotation of the outer rotor, and a second brake (25) brakes the rotation of the inner rotor. A fluid pressure source (51, 59), provides fluid pressure for operation the clutch and brakes. Electromagnetic control valves (60, 61, 62) control the operation of the clutch and brakes. An electronics (78) monitors the speeds of the axles and controls the valves to provide a low-speed/four-wheel-drive mode, a high-speed/two-wheel-drive mode, and/or an anti-slip traction control.

Claims

29
AMENDED CLAIMS
[received by the International Bureau on 12 August 1998 (12.08.98); original claims 1-15 replaced by amended claims 16-39 (7 pages)]
16. A drive system for vehicles comprising: a dual-rotor electric traction motor having a first rotor and a second rotor, wherein when said dual-rotor motor is energized said two rotors are propelled by the same electromagnetic forces to rotate in opposite directions; a first drive axle having two wheels and a second drive axle having two wheels, wherein the wheels of at least one of said two drive axles are steerable; a first drive train connecting said first rotor to said first drive axle for transmitting mechanical energy between the first rotor and the wheels of the first drive axle, and a second drive train connecting said second rotor to said second drive axle for transmitting mechanical energy between the second rotor and the wheels of the second drive axle, whereby providing a four-wheel-drive mode.
17. A drive system according to claim 16, wherein the first rotor is an outer rotor and the second rotor is an inner rotor.
18. A drive system according to claim 16, wherein said first drive train including a clutch for interrupting the transmission of mechanical energy between the first rotor and the first drive axle, and further comprising: a first brake for braking the rotation of the first rotor when said clutch is disengaged or braking the rotation of said first drive train when the clutch is engaged, and a drive mode controller for selectively engaging said clutch and releasing the first brake or disengaging the clutch and applying the first brake, whereby providing selectively a low-speed/four-wheel-drive mode or a high-speed/two-wheel-drive mode.
19. A drive system according to claim 16, wherein said second drive train including a drive shaft between the second rotor and the second drive axle.
20. A drive system according to claim 16, and further comprising an electronics arranged and programmed to monitor continuously the rotational speeds of the first and second rotors for disenergizing the dual-rotor motor 30
when a rotational speed of either rotor higher than a respective predetermined maximum value is detected.
21. A drive system according to claim 18, wherein said first drive train including a drive shaft between the clutch and the first drive axle.
22. A drive system according to claim 18, wherein said drive mode controller comprising electrically controllable means operating the clutch, electrically controllable means operating the first brake, and an electronics arranged and programmed to monitor continuously the rotational speed of at least one of the two drive axles and to control said means operating the clutch and said means operating the first brake for engaging the clutch and releasing the first brake when a rotational speed lower than a predetermined value is detected or disengaging the clutch and applying the first brake when a rotational speed higher than a predetermined value is detected, whereby providing an automatic control of the speed range and drive mode.
23. A drive system according to claim 18, and further comprising a second brake for braking the rotation of the second drive train, and an anti-slip traction controller for selectively applying said first brake when a traction slip of the first drive axle is detected or said second brake when a traction slip of the second drive axle is detected, whereby providing an anti-slip traction control.
24. A drive system according to claim 22, wherein said clutch having at least a clutch cylinder operable by fluid pressure for engaging the clutch when pressurized, and the first brake having at least one brake cylinder operable by fluid pressure for applying the first brake when pressurized, and wherein said means operating the clutch and said means operating the first brake are means for fluid pressure supply, and means for fluid pressure directional control controlled by said electronics.
25. A drive system according to claim 23, wherein said anti-slip traction controller comprising electrically controllable means operating the first brake, electrically controllable means operating the second brake, and an electronics arranged and programmed to monitor and compare continuously the rotational speeds of the first and second drive axles and to control said means operating the first brake and said means operating the second brake for applying the first brake when a traction slip of the first drive axle 31
higher than a predetermined value is detected or applying the second brake when a traction slip of the second drive axle higher than a predetermined value is detected, whereby providing an automatic anti-slip traction control.
26. A drive system according to claim 23, and further comprising a brake actuator controllable by the operator of the vehicle for applying the first brake and the second brake simultaneously when the clutch is engaged and the first brake is released by the drive mode controller or engaging the clutch and applying the second brake simultaneously when the clutch is disengaged and the first brake is applied by the drive mode controller, whereby braking simultaneously the first and second drive trains.
27. A drive system according to claim 24, wherein said means for fluid pressure supply include a pump driven by a pump motor, a fluid reservoir, a fluid pressure accumulator charged by said pump through a check valve, a fluid pressure switch controlling said pump motor for maintaining the fluid pressure in predetermined limits, and a plurality of connecting fluid lines, and wherein said means for fluid pressure directional control include: an electromagnetically operable three-way/two-position directional control valve, designated as a clutch control valve, and a plurality of fluid lines for connecting said clutch cylinder with said fluid reservoir when said clutch control valve is disenergized or connecting the clutch cylinder with said fluid pressure accumulator when the clutch control valve is energized by the electronics, and an electromagnetically operable three-way/two-position directional control valve, designated as a first brake control valve, and a plurality of fluid lines for connecting said brake cylinder of said first brake to the fluid reservoir when said first brake control valve is disenergized or connecting the brake cylinder of the first brake with the fluid pressure accumulator when the first brake control valve is energized by the electronics.
28. A drive system according to claim 25, wherein the first brake having at least one brake cylinder operable by fluid pressure for applying the first brake when pressurized, and the second brake having at least one brake cylinder operable by fluid pressure for applying the second brake when pressurized, and wherein the means operating the first brake and the means
MENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19 32
operating the second brake are means for fluid pressure supply, and means for fluid pressure directional control controlled by said electronics.
29. A drive system according to claim 26, wherein the clutch having at least one clutch cylinder for engaging the clutch when pressurized, the first brake having at least one brake cylinder for applying the first brake when pressurized, and the second brake having at least one brake cylinder for applying the second brake when pressurized, and wherein said brake actuator controllable by the operator of the vehicle comprising means for fluid pressure supply, and means for fluid pressure modulation and directional control controlled by the operator of the vehicle.
30. A drive system according to claim 28, wherein said means for fluid pressure supply include a pump driven by a pump motor, a fluid reservoir, a fluid pressure accumulator charged by said pump through a check valve, a fluid pressure switch controlling said pump motor for maintaining the fluid pressure in predetermined limits, and a plurality of connecting fluid lines, and wherein said means for fluid pressure directional control include: an electromagnetically operable three-way/two-position directional control valve, designated as a first brake control valve, and a plurality of fluid lines for connecting said brake cylinder of the first brake with said fluid reservoir when said first brake control valve is disenergized or connecting the cylinder of the first brake with said fluid pressure accumulator when the first brake control valve is energized by the electronics, and an electromagnetically operable three-way/two-position directional control valve, designated as a second brake control valve, and a plurality of fluid lines for connecting said brake cylinder of the second brake to the fluid reservoir when said second brake control valve is disenergized or connecting the brake cylinder of the second brake with the fluid pressure accumulator when the second brake control valve is energized by the electronics.
31. A drive system according to claim 29, wherein said means for fluid pressure supply include a pump driven by a pump motor, a fluid reservoir, a fluid pressure accumulator charged by said pump through a check valve, a fluid pressure switch controlling said pump motor for maintaining the fluid pressure 33
in predetermined limits, and a plurality of connecting fluid lines, and wherein said means for fluid pressure modulation and directional control include a three-way fluid-pressure-modulating brake valve and a plurality of fluid lines for providing fluid passage from the clutch cylinder and from the brake cylinders of the first and second brakes to said fluid reservoir, when said fluid-pressure-modulating brake valve is not actuated, or modulating fluid pressure from said accumulator and directing a modulated fluid pressure into the clutch cylinder and brake cylinders of the first and second brakes, when the fluid-pressure-modulating brake valve is actuated by the operator of the vehicle, said modulated fluid pressure being substantially proportional to the force applied by the operator of the vehicle for actuating the fluid- pressure-modulating brake valve.
32. A method for driving a vehicle comprising a first drive axle having two wheels and a second drive axle having two wheels, wherein the wheels of at least one of said two drive axles are steerable, said method comprising the steps of: generating mechanical energy within a dual-rotor electric traction motor having a first rotor and a second rotor, wherein when said dual-rotor motor is energized said two rotors are propelled by the same electromagnetic forces to rotate in opposite directions; transmitting mechanical energy from said first rotor to said first drive axle through a first drive train, and transmitting mechanical energy from said second rotor to said second drive axle through a second drive train, whereby providing a low-speed/four-wheel-drive mode.
33. A method for driving a vehicle according to claim 32, and further comprising the steps of: interrupting the transmission of mechanical energy between the first rotor and the first drive axle through a clutch included in said first drive train and operable by a drive mode controller, and braking the rotation of the first rotor through a first brake operable by said drive mode controller, whereby further providing a high-speed/two-wheel-drive mode.
34. A method for driving a vehicle according to claim 33, and further 34
comprising the steps of: monitoring and comparing continuously the rotational speeds of the first and second drive axles through an anti-slip traction controller; braking the rotation of the first drive train through said first brake operable by said anti-slip traction controller, when a traction slip of the first drive axle is detected, or braking the rotation of said second drive train through a second brake operable by the anti-slip traction controller, when a traction slip of the second drive axle is detected, whereby further providing an anti-slip traction control.
35. A method for driving a vehicle according to claim 34, and further comprising the following steps for braking the vehicle: braking simultaneously the rotation of the first and second drive trains by applying the first brake and said second brake through a brake actuator operable by the operator of the vehicle, when the clutch is engaged and the first brake is released by the drive mode controller, and braking simultaneously the rotation of the first and second drive trains by engaging the clutch and applying the second brake through said brake actuator, when the clutch is disengaged and the first brake is applied by the drive mode controller.
36. A method for manufacturing a vehicle comprising the steps of: providing a dual-rotor electric traction motor having a first rotor and a second rotor, wherein when said dual-rotor-motor is energized said two rotors are propelled by the same electromagnetic forces to rotate in opposite directions; providing a first drive axle having two wheels and a second drive axle having two wheels, wherein the wheels of at least one of said two drive axles are steerable; connecting said first rotor to said first drive axle through a first drive train for transmitting mechanical energy between the first rotor and the wheels of the first drive axle, and connecting said second rotor to said second drive axle through a second drive train for transmitting mechanical energy between the second 35
rotor and the wheels of the second drive axle.
37. A method for manufacturing a vehicle according to claim 36, wherein said first drive train includes a clutch for interrupting the transmission of mechanical energy between the first rotor and the first drive axle, and further comprising the steps of: providing a first brake for braking the rotation of the first rotor, and providing a drive mode controller arranged to operate said clutch and said first brake for selectively engaging the clutch and releasing the first brake or disengaging the clutch and applying the first brake.
38. A method for manufacturing a vehicle according to claim 37, and further comprising the steps of: providing a second brake for braking the rotation of said second drive train, and providing an anti-slip traction controller arranged and programmed to monitor and compare continuously the rotational speeds of the first and second drive axles and to operate the first brake and said second brake for applying the first brake when a traction slip of the first drive axle is detected or applying the second brake when a traction slip of the second drive axle is detected.
39. A method for manufacturing a vehicle according to claim 38, and further comprising the step of providing a brake actuator operable by the operator of the vehicle for braking the rotation of said first and second drive trains simultaneously by applying the first and second brakes when the clutch is engaged by said drive mode controller or by engaging the clutch and applying the second brake when the clutch is disengaged and the first brake is applied by the drive mode controller. 36
STATEMENT UNDER ARTICLE 19
The amendments of the claims under Article 19 in the above International application are made to better define the scope of the claims. Claims 1 to 15 as originally filed are cancelled. New claims 16 to 39 are substituted. Cancelled claims 1 to 15 are replaced respectively by new claims 16 and 18 to 31. Claims 17 and 32 to 39 are additional new claims. Claims 32 and 36 are independent claims.
These amendments have no impact on the description and drawing as filed. The reason for these amendments is not related to the citations in the International Search Report, and particularly - to the document US 5,562,566 A (YANG). It shall be noted that, after the completion of the international search by the USPTO, which is the ISA of this International application, the USPTO has reversed its opinion concerning the relevance of the above cited document (YANG), and has allowed the claims in the prior US Application No. 08/795,668 as patentable over the prior art. The allowed claims in the prior US Application No. 08/795,668, the priority of which is claimed in this International application, are substantially identical to the claims as originally filed in this International application.
PCT/US1998/001545 1997-02-06 1998-01-26 Drive system for electric vehicles WO1998037614A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/795,668 US5804935A (en) 1997-02-06 1997-02-06 Drive system for electric vehicles
US08/795,668 1997-02-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998037614A1 WO1998037614A1 (en) 1998-08-27
WO1998037614B1 true WO1998037614B1 (en) 1998-10-01

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US (2) US5804935A (en)
WO (1) WO1998037614A1 (en)

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