WO1998024404A2 - Antiperspirant composition in stick form - Google Patents
Antiperspirant composition in stick form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998024404A2 WO1998024404A2 PCT/EP1997/006675 EP9706675W WO9824404A2 WO 1998024404 A2 WO1998024404 A2 WO 1998024404A2 EP 9706675 W EP9706675 W EP 9706675W WO 9824404 A2 WO9824404 A2 WO 9824404A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- antiperspirant
- ethanol
- weight
- composition according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000001166 anti-perspirative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003213 antiperspirant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940085262 cetyl dimethicone Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- -1 activated aluminium chlorohydrate Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 XMSXQFUHVRWGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229960001422 aluminium chlorohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 4
- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- POJWUDADGALRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N allantoin Chemical compound NC(=O)NC1NC(=O)NC1=O POJWUDADGALRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940086555 cyclomethicone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002194 fatty esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(12-hydroxyoctadecanoyloxy)propyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-1-piperidin-4-ylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CC(O)CN1C1CCNCC1 HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POJWUDADGALRAB-PVQJCKRUSA-N Allantoin Natural products NC(=O)N[C@@H]1NC(=O)NC1=O POJWUDADGALRAB-PVQJCKRUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010919 Copernicia prunifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000180278 Copernicia prunifera Species 0.000 description 1
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004511 Dow Corning® 200 Fluid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-BFWOXRRGSA-N [(2r)-2-[(3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)C1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-BFWOXRRGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960000458 allantoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940126534 drug product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- FMXLGOWFNZLJQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].ClO FMXLGOWFNZLJQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/0216—Solid or semisolid forms
- A61K8/0229—Sticks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/06—Emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/34—Alcohols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
Definitions
- This invention relates to cosmetic compositions in stick form.
- compositions for application to the human skin which are in stick form are emulsions, and contain an antiperspirant active.
- Such stick compositions may typically be used in conjunction with a stick holder.
- Antiperspirant compositions for use on the human skin are well known.
- Antiperspirant actives tend to be predominantly (although not exclusively) metal salts, for example aluminium or zirconium salts such as aluminium chloride, aluminium chlorohydrate, activated aluminium chlorohydrate and zirconium hydroxychloride, to name but a few, which are intended to reduce or prevent perspiration at the skin surface, in particular on the underarm.
- topical antiperspirant compositions from a user's perspective is that they are sensorially pleasing when applied to the human skin.
- a significant proportion of users appreciate a so-called “cooling” feeling when the antiperspirant composition is applied.
- such a "cooling" sensation tends to be found primarily only in deodorant compositions, which do not comprise an antiperspirant active material.
- a stable emulsion cosmetic composition in stick form which can typically be an antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises a relatively high level of ethanol .
- the ethanol provides a remarkably good cooling effect when the composition is applied.
- the stability of the composition is aided by being in emulsion form, since the simple addition of ethanol to an ordinary suspension antiperspirant stick composition can cause it to soften undesirably.
- compositions which are free of waxes and conventional gelling agent. These typically comprise in combination a volatile silicone fluid, silicone emulsifier, a destabilizing auxiliary emulsifier, water, a non-volatile emollient, a coupling agent, an activated antiperspirant component and ancillary agents.
- Exemplified compositions contain ethanol, but at an upper limit of 4% by weight of the composition.
- an emulsion antiperspirant composition suitable for topical application to the human skin in a stick form, comprising an antiperspirant active material, water, a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifier and ethanol, characterised in that it comprises at least 10% by weight of the composition of ethanol.
- the composition comprises between 10 and
- the composition comprises from 12% to 18% ethanol. If the composition contains less than about 10% ethanol, insufficient cooling benefit is obtained, whereas if the composition contains more than about 25% ethanol, there is a tendency for the composition to be too soft .
- the emulsifier preferably this is present in the composition at a level of from 0.1 to 10%, more preferably from 0.1 to 5% and most preferably from 0.2 to 1%, though the exact amount may vary according to the other components in the composition.
- the emulsifier may be any suitable emulsifier, although it is preferred that it is a water-in-oil emulsifier, and has an HLB value of less than 8, preferably in the region 5-6.
- the emulsifiers included in the composition may comprise a surfactant, such as sorbitan fatty esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol derivatives, polyoxyethylene lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene fatty esters, polyoxyethylene propylene glycol stearate, polyoxyethylene stearates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty esters, and the like.
- a surfactant such as sorbitan fatty esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol derivatives, polyoxyethylene lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene fatty esters, polyoxyethylene propylene glycol stearate, polyoxyethylene stearates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty esters, and the like.
- Specific suitable emulsifiers include lauryl dimethicone copolyol .
- Particularly preferred emulsifiers include cetyl dimethicone copolyol and PEG 7 hydrogenated castor oil (e.g. Arlacel 989, ex Imperial Chemical
- composition according to the invention also comprises a hydrophobic phase, which typically comprises a structurant, which may be present at a level of 2 to 30% by weight, more preferably 10 to 25% by weight of the composition.
- a "structurant" is a material which is effective at physically and/or chemically altering the composition to provide a stick which is stable at ambient conditions.
- Suitable structurants include long chain (e.g. Cie to C 2 a) fatty acids, gellants such as fatty acid soaps and dibenzylidine alditol acetals, synthetic and natural waxes, and other known structurants.
- Suitable waxes include high melting point waxes, for example those having a melting point in the region of 75- 130°C, and include for example silicone waxes, beeswax, carnauba, baysberry, canelilla, montan, ozokerite, ceresin, and hydrogenated castor oil (castor wax) .
- Suitable synthetic waxes include Fischer-Tropsch waxes and microcrystalline waxes. Examples of suitable waxes may be found in CA-A-2 , 152 , 754 (The Mennen Company).
- Combinations of waxes or structurants may also be used to provide a stick with the required hardness.
- a particularly preferred combination is stearyl alcohol with hydrogenated castor oil.
- a most preferred combination is paraffin wax with hydrogenated castor oil.
- composition according to the invention may also comprise as part of the hydrophobic phase other materials which are typically found in such hydrophobic phases, such as one or more oils.
- the antiperspirant active in the composition may be any known antiperspirant active provided it is emulsifiable in the system, but may particularly comprise a metal salt, based on aluminium and/or zirconium.
- the antiperspirant active material will typically be present in the composition at a level of 10% by weight or more, in order to provide antiperspirant benefit. Typically, the composition will contain no more than 25% by weight of the antiperspirant active.
- antiperspirant metal salts a non-limiting list of antiperspirant metal salts is provided by the FDA in "Antiperspirant drug products for over the counter human use, a tentative final monograph" , Federal Register 47:36592 (1982).
- the composition also comprises water, which may be typically be present in the composition at a level of from 5 to 60%, preferably from 10 to 35% by weight, more preferably from 15 to 25% by weight.
- the cosmetic composition so formed is an emulsion product with sufficient rigidity to form a stick of sensorially satisfactory hardness, which can readily be applied from a suitable container, such as a stick barrel.
- the composition additionally comprises a masking oil, which can typically be present at a level of 3-40% by weight of the composition.
- Suitable masking oils include for example polydecene, polybutene, PPG-14 butylether, non-volatile silicones, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, C 12 -C ⁇ 5 alkyl benzoates, and mineral oils.
- the antiperspirant composition according to the invention may comprise other ingredients, depending on the properties required in the finished product.
- ingredients which can optionally be present in a composition according to the invention include: - cosmetically acceptable vehicles other than ethanol such as straight and branch chain lower alcohols, for example isopropanol, or isobutanol;
- - other volatile and non-volatile silicones such as dimethyl cyclosiloxanes , such as Dow Corning fluids DC 344 and DC 345, or polydimethylsiloxane, having a viscosity in excess of 5 mm s "1 , for example from 50 to 100 mm 2 s ⁇ 1 , such as Dow Corning 200 Fluids (standard viscosities 50-1000 mm 2 s "1 );
- deodorants including deodorising levels of other metal salts, deoperfumes, and deodorant compounds which can also act as antimicrobial agents, such as unsaturated fatty acids, or other antimicrobial agents, e.g. Irgasan DP300, ex Ciba Geigy;
- oils such as liquid paraffin oils
- - skin feel improvers such as talc and finely divided polyethylene, an example of which is Acumist B18;
- humectants such as polyols, for example glycerol; - emollients;
- composition represents a suitable composition according to the invention.
- compositions according to the invention can typically epared by melting together all components of the composition except the aqueous active and the perfume oil, typically at a temperature of 75°C and under reflux to retain volatile components. The composition is then subjected to high shear, and the aqueous antiperspirant active is slowly added. The composition is sheared at a suitable speed and for adequate time to provide a stable emulsion. The composition is then cooled and the perfume oil added, and then cooled further to an appropriate pouring temperature, and poured into stick barrels
- the object of this example is to measure the cooling obtained for compositions according to the invention to those containing lower or no levels of ethanol/water .
- This example further demonstrates the cooling effect of emulsion sticks, compared to homogenous antiperspirant sticks containing ethanol.
- compositions were tested under a similar thermal imaging test to that described in Example 3, again with two compositions C and D, which are anhydrous antiperspirant suspension sticks containing aluminium chlorohydrate and 15% and 20% ethanol respectively, and a commercially available deodorant stick containing ethanol- (E) .
- the following samples according to the invention were subjected to a sensory panel.
- the sticks were assessed for cooling, immediately after application and 2 minutes later.
- the comparative example was a typical alcoholic deodorant stick product.
- the scoring used by the panellists ranges from 100 to 0. Zero being maximum coolness.
Abstract
An emulsion antiperspirant composition suitable for topical application to the human skin in a stick form, comprising an antiperspirant active material, water, a hydrophobic phase, and an emulsifier, characterised in that it additionally comprises at least 10 % by weight of the composition of ethanol.
Description
ANTIPERSPIRANT COMPOSITION IN STICK FORM
This invention relates to cosmetic compositions in stick form. In particular, it relates to compositions for application to the human skin which are in stick form, are emulsions, and contain an antiperspirant active. Such stick compositions may typically be used in conjunction with a stick holder.
Antiperspirant compositions for use on the human skin are well known. Antiperspirant actives tend to be predominantly (although not exclusively) metal salts, for example aluminium or zirconium salts such as aluminium chloride, aluminium chlorohydrate, activated aluminium chlorohydrate and zirconium hydroxychloride, to name but a few, which are intended to reduce or prevent perspiration at the skin surface, in particular on the underarm.
An important feature of topical antiperspirant compositions from a user's perspective is that they are sensorially pleasing when applied to the human skin. In particular, it has been found that a significant proportion of users appreciate a so-called "cooling" feeling when the antiperspirant composition is applied. However, such a "cooling" sensation tends to be found primarily only in deodorant compositions, which do not comprise an antiperspirant active material.
We have found that it is possible to provide a stable emulsion cosmetic composition in stick form, which can typically be an antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises a relatively high level of ethanol . In combination with water in the composition, the ethanol
provides a remarkably good cooling effect when the composition is applied. The stability of the composition is aided by being in emulsion form, since the simple addition of ethanol to an ordinary suspension antiperspirant stick composition can cause it to soften undesirably.
In US-A-4, 673, 570 (Carter Wallace), there are described uniform, clear gel antiperspirant compositions, which are free of waxes and conventional gelling agent. These typically comprise in combination a volatile silicone fluid, silicone emulsifier, a destabilizing auxiliary emulsifier, water, a non-volatile emollient, a coupling agent, an activated antiperspirant component and ancillary agents. Exemplified compositions contain ethanol, but at an upper limit of 4% by weight of the composition.
Thus, according to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided an emulsion antiperspirant composition suitable for topical application to the human skin in a stick form, comprising an antiperspirant active material, water, a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifier and ethanol, characterised in that it comprises at least 10% by weight of the composition of ethanol.
Preferably, the composition comprises between 10 and
25% ethanol. Preferably the composition comprises from 12% to 18% ethanol. If the composition contains less than about 10% ethanol, insufficient cooling benefit is obtained, whereas if the composition contains more than about 25% ethanol, there is a tendency for the composition to be too soft .
With regard to the emulsifier, preferably this is present in the composition at a level of from 0.1 to 10%, more preferably from 0.1 to 5% and most preferably from 0.2 to 1%, though the exact amount may vary according to the other components in the composition. The emulsifier may be any suitable emulsifier, although it is preferred that it is a water-in-oil emulsifier, and has an HLB value of less than 8, preferably in the region 5-6. The emulsifiers included in the composition may comprise a surfactant, such as sorbitan fatty esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol derivatives, polyoxyethylene lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene fatty esters, polyoxyethylene propylene glycol stearate, polyoxyethylene stearates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty esters, and the like. Specific suitable emulsifiers include lauryl dimethicone copolyol . Particularly preferred emulsifiers include cetyl dimethicone copolyol and PEG 7 hydrogenated castor oil (e.g. Arlacel 989, ex Imperial Chemical Industries) and mixtures thereof.
The composition according to the invention also comprises a hydrophobic phase, which typically comprises a structurant, which may be present at a level of 2 to 30% by weight, more preferably 10 to 25% by weight of the composition. In this context a "structurant" is a material which is effective at physically and/or chemically altering the composition to provide a stick which is stable at ambient conditions. Suitable structurants include long chain (e.g. Cie to C2a) fatty acids, gellants such as fatty acid soaps and dibenzylidine alditol acetals, synthetic and natural waxes, and other known structurants.
Suitable waxes include high melting point waxes, for example those having a melting point in the region of 75-
130°C, and include for example silicone waxes, beeswax, carnauba, baysberry, canelilla, montan, ozokerite, ceresin, and hydrogenated castor oil (castor wax) . Suitable synthetic waxes include Fischer-Tropsch waxes and microcrystalline waxes. Examples of suitable waxes may be found in CA-A-2 , 152 , 754 (The Mennen Company). Combinations of waxes or structurants may also be used to provide a stick with the required hardness. A particularly preferred combination is stearyl alcohol with hydrogenated castor oil. A most preferred combination is paraffin wax with hydrogenated castor oil.
The composition according to the invention may also comprise as part of the hydrophobic phase other materials which are typically found in such hydrophobic phases, such as one or more oils.
The antiperspirant active in the composition may be any known antiperspirant active provided it is emulsifiable in the system, but may particularly comprise a metal salt, based on aluminium and/or zirconium. The antiperspirant active material will typically be present in the composition at a level of 10% by weight or more, in order to provide antiperspirant benefit. Typically, the composition will contain no more than 25% by weight of the antiperspirant active. For further guidance regarding antiperspirant metal salts, a non-limiting list of antiperspirant metal salts is provided by the FDA in "Antiperspirant drug products for over the counter human use, a tentative final monograph" , Federal Register 47:36592 (1982).
The composition also comprises water, which may be typically be present in the composition at a level of from 5 to 60%, preferably from 10 to 35% by weight, more preferably from 15 to 25% by weight.
The cosmetic composition so formed is an emulsion product with sufficient rigidity to form a stick of sensorially satisfactory hardness, which can readily be applied from a suitable container, such as a stick barrel.
In a preferred aspect of the invention, the composition additionally comprises a masking oil, which can typically be present at a level of 3-40% by weight of the composition. Suitable masking oils include for example polydecene, polybutene, PPG-14 butylether, non-volatile silicones, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, C12-Cι5 alkyl benzoates, and mineral oils.
The antiperspirant composition according to the invention may comprise other ingredients, depending on the properties required in the finished product.
Examples of other ingredients which can optionally be present in a composition according to the invention include: - cosmetically acceptable vehicles other than ethanol such as straight and branch chain lower alcohols, for example isopropanol, or isobutanol;
- other volatile and non-volatile silicones, such as dimethyl cyclosiloxanes , such as Dow Corning fluids DC 344 and DC 345, or polydimethylsiloxane, having a viscosity in excess of 5 mm s"1, for example from 50 to 100 mm2s^1, such as Dow Corning 200 Fluids (standard viscosities 50-1000 mm2s"1);
- deodorants, including deodorising levels of other metal salts, deoperfumes, and deodorant compounds which can also act as antimicrobial agents, such as unsaturated fatty acids, or other antimicrobial agents, e.g. Irgasan DP300, ex Ciba Geigy;
- hydrophobic oils, such as liquid paraffin oils;
- skin feel improvers, such as talc and finely divided polyethylene, an example of which is Acumist B18;
- humectants, such as polyols, for example glycerol; - emollients;
- sunscreens;
- perfumes;
- preservatives and antioxidants;
- skin benefit agents, such as allantoin; - colours;
- further skin cooling agents, such as menthol and menthol derivatives;
- other cosmetic adjuncts conventionally employed in stick, antiperspirant products.
The invention will now be further described by way of example .
Example 1
The following composition represents a suitable composition according to the invention.
Material % W/W
Cetyl dimethicone copolyol (1) 0.4
Stearyl alcohol (2) 16.0
Hydrogenated castor oil (3) 4.0 Volatile cyclomethicone (4) 4.6
Polydecene (5) 20.0
Ethanol 12.0
Alkyl dimethicone wax (6) 2.0
50% aqueous aluminium chlorohydrate 40.0 Perfume oil 1.0
(1) Abil EM 90, ex TH Goldschmidt
(2) Lorol C18 DEO, ex Henkel
(3) Castor Wax MP80, ex Caschem (4) DC345, ex. Dow Corning
(5) Silkflo 364NF, ex. Albe arle
(6) SF1642, ex. General Electric
Example 2
Material % W/W
Cetyl dimethicone copolyol (1) 0.5
Stearyl alcohol (2) 14.0 Hydrogenated castor oil (3) 6.0
Volatile cyclomethicone (4) 7.0
Polydecene (5) 17.0
Ethanol 15.0
50% aqueous aluminium chlorohydrate 40.0 Perfume oil 0.5
Compositions according to the invention can typically epared by melting together all components of the
composition except the aqueous active and the perfume oil, typically at a temperature of 75°C and under reflux to retain volatile components. The composition is then subjected to high shear, and the aqueous antiperspirant active is slowly added. The composition is sheared at a suitable speed and for adequate time to provide a stable emulsion. The composition is then cooled and the perfume oil added, and then cooled further to an appropriate pouring temperature, and poured into stick barrels
Example 3
The object of this example is to measure the cooling obtained for compositions according to the invention to those containing lower or no levels of ethanol/water .
Composition:
(7) - Rezal 67 solution (60% water), ex. Reheis
(8) - Microdry ACH, ex Reheis
(9) - Estol E04DS3724, ex. Unichema
Method:
Three products were applied during each experiment to the inside of the forearm of one panellist, each to an area approximately 5 cm x 5 cm. The weight of product applied was not measured but each application was approximately the same. Thermal imaging (Agema equipment), was conducted of the whole of the inside forearm at once. The products were applied 10 seconds after imaging was started. Images were taken every 30 seconds for 5 minutes. The experiment was repeated so that all prototypes and products were imaged.
Results :
B - Commercially available anhydrous antiperspirant stick containing no ethanol .
The results show that a superior degree of cooling when the composition contains a relatively high amount of ethanol and water as in samples 1 and 2 (ie. equal or superior to a commercially available deodorant product), but that inferior cooling was obtained when the composition contained ethanol but no water (see samples 4 and 5) . In addition, the emulsion system can be seen to prolong the cooling effect. Sample 3, which had no ethanol, showed a cooling effect comparable with the commercially available anhydrous antiperspirant stick containing no ethanol. These effects were broadly confirmed on tests conducted on sensory panels where the panels were asked to evaluate their perceptions of cooling on application and after a set period (2 minutes).
Example 4
This example further demonstrates the cooling effect of emulsion sticks, compared to homogenous antiperspirant sticks containing ethanol.
(10) - Chlorhydrol, ex. Reheis
(11) - Syncrowax ERLC, ex Croda
These compositions were tested under a similar thermal imaging test to that described in Example 3, again with two compositions C and D, which are anhydrous antiperspirant suspension sticks containing aluminium chlorohydrate and 15% and 20% ethanol respectively, and a commercially available deodorant stick containing ethanol- (E) .
Results :
The results show that a superior cooling benefit is obtained by the emulsion stick.
Example 5
The following samples according to the invention were subjected to a sensory panel. The sticks were assessed for cooling, immediately after application and 2 minutes later.
The comparative example was a typical alcoholic deodorant stick product. The scoring used by the panellists ranges from 100 to 0. Zero being maximum coolness.
(12 Paraffin was SP173, ex strahl & Pitsch,
Results
The results show that the antiperspirant according to the invention (samples 10-14) are comparable to the alcoholic deodorant sticks currently on the market.
Claims
1. An emulsion antiperspirant composition suitable for topical application to the human skin in a stick form, comprising an antiperspirant active material, water, a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifier and ethanol, characterised in that it comprises at least 10% by weight of the composition of ethanol.
2. An antiperspirant composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises between 10 and 25% ethanol .
3. An antiperspirant composition according to claim 2, wherein the composition comprises from 12% to 18% by weight ethanol.
4. An antiperspirant composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsifier is present at a level of from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the composition.
5. An antiperspirant composition according to claim 4, wherein the emulsifier is present at a level of from 0.2 to 1% by weight of the composition.
6. An antiperspirant composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsifier has an HLB value of less than 8.
7. An antiperspirant composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsifier is cetyl dimethicone copolyol or PEG 7 hydrogenated castor oil.
8. An antiperspirant composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises 10 to 35% by weight of water.
9. An antiperspirant composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition additionally comprises a masking oil at a level of from 3 to 40% by weight of the composition.
10. Use of an antiperspirant composition according to any previous claim to cool the skin.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52516798A JP2001504846A (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-11-21 | Antiperspirant composition in stick form |
| BR9713815-0A BR9713815A (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-11-21 | Anti-transparent composition, and use thereof |
| AU57525/98A AU5752598A (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-11-21 | Antiperspirant composition in stick form |
| EP97953719A EP0951273A2 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-11-21 | Antiperspirant composition in stick form |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9625070.9A GB9625070D0 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1996-12-02 | Cosmetic composition |
| GB9625070.9 | 1996-12-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998024404A2 true WO1998024404A2 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
| WO1998024404A3 WO1998024404A3 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
Family
ID=10803828
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1997/006675 WO1998024404A2 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-11-21 | Antiperspirant composition in stick form |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0951273A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001504846A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR009648A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5752598A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9713815A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9625070D0 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP0000495A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998024404A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9710790B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999016410A2 (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-08 | Unilever Plc | Low residue solid antiperspirant |
| FR2784293A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-14 | Oreal | Solid deodorant composition in form of water-in-oil emulsion, comprises active deodorizing substance, aqueous and oil phases, silicone emulsifier and solid fat, forming solid matrix with oil phase |
| EP0966258B1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 2003-05-02 | Unilever Plc | Antiperspirant or deodorant composition |
| WO2006038965A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Skin cooling compositions |
| WO2006038933A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Skin cooling compositions |
| US9149662B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2015-10-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for making an emulsified antiperspirant product |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0516418D0 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2005-09-14 | Unilever Plc | Antiperspirant compositions |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2114887A (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1983-09-01 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic gel sticks |
| US4673570A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1987-06-16 | Carter-Wallace, Inc. | Gelled antiperspirant compositions |
| US4822602A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-04-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cosmetic sticks |
| EP0404532A1 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-12-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant compositions |
| WO1992005767A1 (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-04-16 | The Gillette Company | Cosmetic technology |
-
1996
- 1996-12-02 GB GBGB9625070.9A patent/GB9625070D0/en active Pending
-
1997
- 1997-11-21 JP JP52516798A patent/JP2001504846A/en active Pending
- 1997-11-21 HU HU0000495A patent/HUP0000495A3/en unknown
- 1997-11-21 EP EP97953719A patent/EP0951273A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-21 WO PCT/EP1997/006675 patent/WO1998024404A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-21 AU AU57525/98A patent/AU5752598A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-21 BR BR9713815-0A patent/BR9713815A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-01 ZA ZA9710790A patent/ZA9710790B/en unknown
- 1997-12-01 AR ARP970105629A patent/AR009648A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2114887A (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1983-09-01 | Unilever Plc | Cosmetic gel sticks |
| US4673570A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1987-06-16 | Carter-Wallace, Inc. | Gelled antiperspirant compositions |
| US4822602A (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-04-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cosmetic sticks |
| EP0404532A1 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-12-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Antiperspirant compositions |
| WO1992005767A1 (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-04-16 | The Gillette Company | Cosmetic technology |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0966258B1 (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 2003-05-02 | Unilever Plc | Antiperspirant or deodorant composition |
| WO1999016410A2 (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-08 | Unilever Plc | Low residue solid antiperspirant |
| WO1999016410A3 (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-06-17 | Unilever Plc | Low residue solid antiperspirant |
| US6048518A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 2000-04-11 | Helene Curtis, Inc. | Low residue solid antiperspirant |
| FR2784293A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-14 | Oreal | Solid deodorant composition in form of water-in-oil emulsion, comprises active deodorizing substance, aqueous and oil phases, silicone emulsifier and solid fat, forming solid matrix with oil phase |
| WO2000021499A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-20 | L'oreal | Solid deodorant composition |
| WO2006038965A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Skin cooling compositions |
| WO2006038933A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Skin cooling compositions |
| US9149662B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2015-10-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for making an emulsified antiperspirant product |
| US9700495B2 (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2017-07-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for making an emulsified antiperspirant product |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1998024404A3 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
| ZA9710790B (en) | 1999-06-01 |
| EP0951273A2 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
| BR9713815A (en) | 2005-06-28 |
| JP2001504846A (en) | 2001-04-10 |
| HUP0000495A3 (en) | 2001-05-28 |
| HUP0000495A2 (en) | 2000-08-28 |
| AR009648A1 (en) | 2000-04-26 |
| GB9625070D0 (en) | 1997-01-22 |
| AU5752598A (en) | 1998-06-29 |
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