WO1998022629A2 - Nouvelle classe d'alliages a base de titane beta presentant une haute resistance et une bonne ductilite - Google Patents

Nouvelle classe d'alliages a base de titane beta presentant une haute resistance et une bonne ductilite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998022629A2
WO1998022629A2 PCT/US1997/022311 US9722311W WO9822629A2 WO 1998022629 A2 WO1998022629 A2 WO 1998022629A2 US 9722311 W US9722311 W US 9722311W WO 9822629 A2 WO9822629 A2 WO 9822629A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alloy
percent
hot
beta
titanium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/022311
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English (en)
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WO1998022629A3 (fr
Inventor
Dongjian Li
Kevin J. Doherty
Gary J. Shiflet
S. Joseph Poon
Original Assignee
Dongjian Li
Doherty Kevin J
Shiflet Gary J
Poon S Joseph
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dongjian Li, Doherty Kevin J, Shiflet Gary J, Poon S Joseph filed Critical Dongjian Li
Publication of WO1998022629A2 publication Critical patent/WO1998022629A2/fr
Publication of WO1998022629A3 publication Critical patent/WO1998022629A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to a beta titanium-base alloy having an excellent combination of strength and ductility.
  • Titanium base alloys are known for use in various structural applications where a high strength-to-weight ratio is required.
  • Beta titanium alloys are one of the most promising groups of titanium alloys in terms of ease of processing, properties and potential applications. This group of alloys represents the highest range of strength, fatigue resistance, and environmental resistance of any other group of titanium alloys.
  • beta alloys usually exhibit excellent strength/toughness combinations, but in the high strength condition exhibit poor ductility. In general, they also process better, being more cold formable and much more readily Tollable into sheet or foil than any other titanium alloys.
  • there are some beta titanium alloys which have found some commercial applications, such as Ti-10-2-3(Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al) and Ti-15-3(Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn).
  • the Ti-15-3 alloy can be heat-treated to strengths well in excess of 145 ksi. These alloys can be used in the aircraft industry as environmental control system ducts, nut clips, landing gears and flap tracks. Switching to these materials from steel in the landing gear will save the Boeing 777 about 600 pounds.
  • the range of ultimate strengths of the present titanium-based beta alloys is 1080 to 1448 MPa, and the range of 0.2% yield strength is 925 to 1410 MPa. Some of these alloys can be hardened to higher strength. However, under that condition, these beta titanium alloys exhibit very low ductilities. Provided that ductility is not decreased, enhancing strength means saving the amount of materials needed so that the weight, space required and cost of the materials is reduced.
  • the principal alloying elements for retaining the ⁇ phase upon quenching to room temperature for titanium alloys are vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, and iron.
  • Aluminum is an alpha stabilizer, which increases the kinetics of the beta to alpha transformation and adds solid solution strengthening. Additions of neutral elements, such as zirconium and tin, and the alpha stabilizer hinder ⁇ and ⁇ ' formation. Copper is a beta stabilizer, but it is generally not used in that way for commercial alloys. Occasionally, copper is added for solid-solution hardening in some near ⁇ alloys.
  • a titanium base alloy consisting essentially of, in weight percent, chromium 4 to 7 percent, preferably around 6; copper 3 to 5 percent, preferably 3.5 to 4.5; molybdenum 11 to 13 percent, and balance titanium and incidental impurities.
  • the alloy has a combination of a compression yield strength of up to 1650 MPa with an elongation of 10% in the hot- worked and aged condition.
  • the hardness of this alloy aged at 425 °C reaches 49.5 (Rc) for 20 hours, and shows little or no over-aging after 500 hours. In comparison to Ti-15-3 alloy, this alloy can offer 35% additional weight savings.
  • the alloy has good formability, heat-treatability, and as a result, can be used for high-strength fasteners, or other aerospace components.
  • copper is a very important alloying addition for providing high yield strength combined with ductility. However, if the amount of copper is beyond the limits of the invention, the alloy will lose its ductility.
  • Chromium and molybdenum are present as beta stabilizers. They are also advantageous for achieving the desired combination of high strength and toughness as well as improved forging and rolling characteristics.
  • the structure of the alloy in the as-cast or hot-rolled state is bcc.
  • the alloy can be easily cold-worked in the solution-heat-treated and quenched condition, exhibiting excellent ductility.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the hardness of the invention alloy vs. Time when annealed at the temperatures of 425°C and 470°C, respectively, for the indicated time.
  • Figure 2 is a quasi-ternary composition diagram indicating the region in which the inventive alloy exhibits a high strength combined with a good ductility.
  • inventive alloys were prepared in an arc furnace under an argon atmosphere by arc-melting nominal amounts of Ti, Cr, Cu, Mo (commercial purity).
  • part of the titanium was melted with molybdenum first to form a master alloy, then the remaining titanium, chromium and copper were added.
  • the size of the as-cast ingots was about 20 mm in diameter, and about 100 mm in length.
  • the as-cast ingots were twice hot-rolled. Each time the ingots were heated to over 1100°C, held for around 10 minutes, then hot-rolled with a reduction rate of 20-25 % .
  • Figure 1 shows the effect of annealing time on hardness of the invention alloy with the composition, in atomic percent, of Ti 85 Cr 6 Cu 3 Mo 6 at the annealing temperature 425 °C and 470°C, respectively.
  • the hardness of the hot-rolled alloy increases remarkably during the initial stage of annealing at 425 °C and 470 °C.
  • the hardness increases quickly with aging until 5 hours with a value of ⁇ 47 Rc.
  • the rate of increase in hardness slowed down, however the hardness increased until 100 hours where a maximum of ⁇ 50 Rc was reached.
  • further aging resulted in little overaging as proven by a hardness value of ⁇ 49 Rc at 500 hours. Results were similar for the 470°C aging temperature, hardening was faster initially but gave a lower maximum hardness ( ⁇ 45 Rc).
  • the yield strength values of the invention alloy and some commercial alloys are listed in Table I. It can be seen that the yield strength of the invention alloy is 1620 MPa, about 370 MPa higher than that of Beta-21S and Ti-15-3, while the elongation rates of these three alloys are similar. Therefore, the replacement of Ti- 15-3 with the inventive alloy can offer up to 35% weight savings in addition to space and cost savings.
  • the yield strength of the alloys in the Ti-(Cr, Cu, Mo) alloy system vary with the alloy composition drastically. Table II lists the values of yield strength of these alloys.
  • the properties of the alloys are schematically shown in the quasi- ternary diagram in Figure 2. It can be concluded that the alloys with higher contents of copper become brittle, whereas the alloys with higher contents of molybdenum weaken. Only the inventive alloy with the composition, in atomic percent, of Ti g5 Cr 6 Cu 3 Mo 6 and closely adjacent values displays an excellent combination of strength and ductility.
  • the effect of thermal or thermomechanical processing on the properties of the invention alloy is set forth in Table III.
  • the yield strength of the solutionized alloy or hot-rolled sample is around 990 MPa. After aging at the temperature between 400°C to 470°C for 20 hours, the yield strength had increased remarkably to the value of around 1600 MPa.
  • the as-cast or hot- rolled alloy is composed of the beta phase with body-centered-cubic structure. This property gives the alloy very good cold-formability.
  • very tiny precipitate exhibiting an hexagonal-close-packed structure appear in the beta matrix.
  • the size of alpha precipitates in the invention alloy is less than 20 nm.
  • this tiny alpha precipitate is very stable. It is believed that tiny alpha precipitates are a major contributor to the properties of high strength combined with good ductility.
  • Yield strength of the invention alloy with the composition in atomic percent of Ti g5 Cr 6 Cu 3 Mo 6 and few commercial beta-titanium alloys.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une nouvelle classe d'alliages à base de titane bêta présentant une excellente combinaison de haute limite d'élasticité, allant jusqu'à 1650 MPa, avec un allongement de 10 % en condition de vieillissement. Cet alliage peut être déformé à chaud ou à froid. La déformation à chaud peut comprendre le forgeage ou le laminage à haute température, à une température située autour de la température bêta transus de l'alliage. Cependant, on obtient une combinaison maximale de résistance et de ductilité par déformation d'un produit de brut de coulée (par laminage/forgeage) à très haute température (∩1100°C), suivie d'un vieillissement de ce produit. On obtient ainsi une structure de précipités α légèrement déformée à froid, homogène, et exempte de porosité, dans une matrice β. L'alliage comporte une teneur totale en agents stabilisants bêta située entre 20 et 25 % (pourcentage en poids) et ne comporte pas d'agent stabilisant alpha. La composition comprend, en pourcentage en poids, 4 à 7 % de chrome, de préférence 6 % environ; 3 à 5 % de cuivre, de préférence entre 3,5 et 5 %; 11 à 13 % de molybdène; le reste étant constitué de titane et d'impuretés de fabrication.
PCT/US1997/022311 1996-11-22 1997-11-21 Nouvelle classe d'alliages a base de titane beta presentant une haute resistance et une bonne ductilite WO1998022629A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3169496P 1996-11-22 1996-11-22
US60/031,694 1996-11-22

Publications (2)

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WO1998022629A2 true WO1998022629A2 (fr) 1998-05-28
WO1998022629A3 WO1998022629A3 (fr) 1998-07-30

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005113847A3 (fr) * 2004-05-21 2006-04-13 Ati Properties Inc Alliages de titane beta metastable et procedes de traitement de ces alliages par vieillissement direct
US7067020B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2006-06-27 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Bulk-solidifying high manganese non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys and related method of using and making the same
US7517415B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2009-04-14 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
US7611592B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2009-11-03 Ati Properties, Inc. Methods of beta processing titanium alloys
US7763125B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2010-07-27 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
US8337750B2 (en) 2005-09-13 2012-12-25 Ati Properties, Inc. Titanium alloys including increased oxygen content and exhibiting improved mechanical properties
US9051630B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2015-06-09 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Amorphous steel composites with enhanced strengths, elastic properties and ductilities
US9616480B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-04-11 Ati Properties Llc Thermo-mechanical processing of nickel-base alloys
US9624567B2 (en) 2010-09-15 2017-04-18 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing titanium alloys
US9765420B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2017-09-19 Ati Properties Llc Processing of α/β titanium alloys
US9777361B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-10-03 Ati Properties Llc Thermomechanical processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys
US9796005B2 (en) 2003-05-09 2017-10-24 Ati Properties Llc Processing of titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloys and products made thereby
US9869003B2 (en) 2013-02-26 2018-01-16 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing alloys
US10053758B2 (en) 2010-01-22 2018-08-21 Ati Properties Llc Production of high strength titanium
US10094003B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2018-10-09 Ati Properties Llc Titanium alloy
US10337093B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2019-07-02 Ati Properties Llc Non-magnetic alloy forgings
US10435775B2 (en) 2010-09-15 2019-10-08 Ati Properties Llc Processing routes for titanium and titanium alloys
US10502252B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2019-12-10 Ati Properties Llc Processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys
US10513755B2 (en) 2010-09-23 2019-12-24 Ati Properties Llc High strength alpha/beta titanium alloy fasteners and fastener stock
USRE47863E1 (en) 2003-06-02 2020-02-18 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
US11111552B2 (en) 2013-11-12 2021-09-07 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing metal alloys

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US4053330A (en) * 1976-04-19 1977-10-11 United Technologies Corporation Method for improving fatigue properties of titanium alloy articles
US5431754A (en) * 1992-10-05 1995-07-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha TiAl-based intermetallic compound with excellent high temperature strength
US5626691A (en) * 1995-09-11 1997-05-06 The University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Bulk nanocrystalline titanium alloys with high strength

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4053330A (en) * 1976-04-19 1977-10-11 United Technologies Corporation Method for improving fatigue properties of titanium alloy articles
US5431754A (en) * 1992-10-05 1995-07-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha TiAl-based intermetallic compound with excellent high temperature strength
US5626691A (en) * 1995-09-11 1997-05-06 The University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Bulk nanocrystalline titanium alloys with high strength

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7067020B2 (en) 2002-02-11 2006-06-27 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Bulk-solidifying high manganese non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys and related method of using and making the same
US9796005B2 (en) 2003-05-09 2017-10-24 Ati Properties Llc Processing of titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloys and products made thereby
US7763125B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2010-07-27 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
USRE47863E1 (en) 2003-06-02 2020-02-18 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
US7517415B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2009-04-14 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Non-ferromagnetic amorphous steel alloys containing large-atom metals
EP2278037A1 (fr) 2004-05-21 2011-01-26 ATI Properties, Inc. Alliages en béta-titane métastable et procédés de traitement associés par vieillissement direct
US7837812B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2010-11-23 Ati Properties, Inc. Metastable beta-titanium alloys and methods of processing the same by direct aging
WO2005113847A3 (fr) * 2004-05-21 2006-04-13 Ati Properties Inc Alliages de titane beta metastable et procedes de traitement de ces alliages par vieillissement direct
JP2008500458A (ja) * 2004-05-21 2008-01-10 エイティーアイ・プロパティーズ・インコーポレーテッド 準安定ベータ型チタン合金及び直接時効によるその加工方法
EP2241647A1 (fr) 2004-05-21 2010-10-20 ATI Properties, Inc. Alliages en béta-titane métastable
US10422027B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2019-09-24 Ati Properties Llc Metastable beta-titanium alloys and methods of processing the same by direct aging
US9051630B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2015-06-09 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Amorphous steel composites with enhanced strengths, elastic properties and ductilities
US8337750B2 (en) 2005-09-13 2012-12-25 Ati Properties, Inc. Titanium alloys including increased oxygen content and exhibiting improved mechanical properties
US9593395B2 (en) 2005-09-13 2017-03-14 Ati Properties Llc Titanium alloys including increased oxygen content and exhibiting improved mechanical properties
US7611592B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2009-11-03 Ati Properties, Inc. Methods of beta processing titanium alloys
US10053758B2 (en) 2010-01-22 2018-08-21 Ati Properties Llc Production of high strength titanium
US9765420B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2017-09-19 Ati Properties Llc Processing of α/β titanium alloys
US10144999B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2018-12-04 Ati Properties Llc Processing of alpha/beta titanium alloys
US9624567B2 (en) 2010-09-15 2017-04-18 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing titanium alloys
US10435775B2 (en) 2010-09-15 2019-10-08 Ati Properties Llc Processing routes for titanium and titanium alloys
US10513755B2 (en) 2010-09-23 2019-12-24 Ati Properties Llc High strength alpha/beta titanium alloy fasteners and fastener stock
US9616480B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-04-11 Ati Properties Llc Thermo-mechanical processing of nickel-base alloys
US10287655B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2019-05-14 Ati Properties Llc Nickel-base alloy and articles
US9869003B2 (en) 2013-02-26 2018-01-16 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing alloys
US10570469B2 (en) 2013-02-26 2020-02-25 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing alloys
US10337093B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2019-07-02 Ati Properties Llc Non-magnetic alloy forgings
US10370751B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-08-06 Ati Properties Llc Thermomechanical processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys
US9777361B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-10-03 Ati Properties Llc Thermomechanical processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys
US11111552B2 (en) 2013-11-12 2021-09-07 Ati Properties Llc Methods for processing metal alloys
US10094003B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2018-10-09 Ati Properties Llc Titanium alloy
US10619226B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2020-04-14 Ati Properties Llc Titanium alloy
US10808298B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2020-10-20 Ati Properties Llc Titanium alloy
US11319616B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2022-05-03 Ati Properties Llc Titanium alloy
US10502252B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2019-12-10 Ati Properties Llc Processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys

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