WO1998022329A1 - Device for exploiting surrounding mattercurrent - Google Patents

Device for exploiting surrounding mattercurrent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998022329A1
WO1998022329A1 PCT/FI1997/000705 FI9700705W WO9822329A1 WO 1998022329 A1 WO1998022329 A1 WO 1998022329A1 FI 9700705 W FI9700705 W FI 9700705W WO 9822329 A1 WO9822329 A1 WO 9822329A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
wheel
track
duct
enclosure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1997/000705
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan-Eric Olavi BJÖRKLUND
Original Assignee
Bjoerklund Jan E O
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI964602A external-priority patent/FI964602A/en
Priority claimed from FI972347A external-priority patent/FI972347A/en
Application filed by Bjoerklund Jan E O filed Critical Bjoerklund Jan E O
Priority to AU50542/98A priority Critical patent/AU5054298A/en
Publication of WO1998022329A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998022329A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/02—Construction details of vehicle bodies reducing air resistance by modifying contour ; Constructional features for fast vehicles sustaining sudden variations of atmospheric pressure, e.g. when crossing in tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D35/00—Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D55/00—Endless track vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/02—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of paddle wheels, e.g. of stern wheels
    • B63H5/04—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of paddle wheels, e.g. of stern wheels with stationary water-guiding elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F03B17/064—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation and a rotor of the endless-chain type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the invention is a device on the propelling means of a conveyance with wheels or tracks, which device directly utilises the flow of ambient substances for the transmission of power.
  • substances such as air, water, slush, dust, mud and sand, and conveyances such as automobiles with wheels, snowmobiles with tracks,
  • Car bodies have been made streamlined, thus saving fuel costs.
  • the air resistance to the wheels is quite high at those portions which are rotating in the direction of travel.
  • the resistance increases with the square of the speed and the area. The more extensive the patterning on the wheel tread, the greater the resistance.
  • the idea of the invention is that the flow of ambient substances such as air, water, snow, slush, dust, mud and sand which arises around the propelling elements, such as wheels or tracks, of a conveyance, is conducted from in front via ducts past the wheel or track and turned against the paddle, raised tread pattern or lug so that said flow transmits power to the wheel or track and thus reduces the fuel consumption.
  • the device has an opening in front which takes in the flow that arises when the conveyance is in motion. The opening is larger at the front and tapers at the exit where it is directed towards the paddles, raised tread or lugs of the wheel. According to Bernouilli's equation this increases the velocity and the pressure.
  • the centrifugal force of that part of a wheel that is moving in the direction of travel casts ambient substances in a spiral path in the direction of travel.
  • the centrifugal flow has a pressure maximum at a certain point. This is known from centrifugal fans and centrifugal pumps for liquids and e.g. for mixed substances such as air and grain. At this point the flow is deflected into the duct which receives the flow of ambient substances such as air, water, snow, slush, dust, mud and sand and adds to said flow.
  • the invention is described hereafter with reference to the drawings: Fig. 1 , the principle applied to a wheel, Fig. 2, the principle applied to a track assembly, Fig. 3 the invention applied to a motor vehicle, Fig.
  • Fig. 1 denotes the flow of air or of air mixed with other substances that may be present around a wheel 5 of a conveyance.
  • the flow is introduced into duct 2, which extends past the wheel 5 and is narrower than its opening, thus increasing the flow velocity according to the principle of continuity, and is deflected at 3 behind the wheel 5 against the paddles, raised treads or lugs 6, transmitting power to the wheel.
  • duct wall 2 extends past the wheel 5 and is narrower than its opening, thus increasing the flow velocity according to the principle of continuity, and is deflected at 3 behind the wheel 5 against the paddles, raised treads or lugs 6, transmitting power to the wheel.
  • the peripheral velocity of the wheel is equal to that of the incoming flow 1.
  • the size of the gap for the escape of excess substance between the enclosure (duct wall 2) and the paddles, raised treads or lugs on the wheel 5 must be determined experimentally.
  • Rotation also generates a flow by centrifugal force, which flow is utilised here in the spirally shaped enclosure 7 of the wheel 5 and is again deflected 8 at the front end of the enclosure into the duct 2, thus increasing the inward flow 1.
  • the wheel 5 and the paddles, raised treads or lugs 6 are as close as possible to the axial side of the enclosure.
  • Fig. 2 the principle is applied to a track design.
  • the inward flow 1 is as in Fig. 1 but the duct 2 is longer, extending to the rear driving wheel 5b, where the flow is deflected at 3 from behind in the direction of travel 4 towards the paddles, raised treads or lugs on the track, adding to the speed of the track.
  • the wheels 5 and 5b and the track with its paddles, raised treads or lugs 6 are again as close as possible to the axial wall of the enclosure.
  • the invention is applied to the wheels of a passenger car.
  • the flow past the roof might be conducted by additional ducts to the deflection point 3 at the rear wheel, thus yielding still more power.
  • the wheels are shown in X-ray view.
  • Fig. 4 the invention is applied to a snowmobile, which in practice requires little modification.
  • the invention is shown in section.
  • the wheel is shown in section and is located in the bow, contrary to its position in boats with wheels.
  • the invention might possibly be applied to flying conveyances, since the flow at two points describes an arc which can generate a lifting force.
  • the invention must in this case be arranged upside down. Arcs of smaller radius give greater power.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a device to utilise the flow of ambient substances (1) such as air, water, snow, slush, dust, mud, sand, in a mobile conveyance propelled by enclosed wheels or tracks (5), wherein said flow (1) is introduced into a duct (2) past the enclosure of the wheel or track and deflected (3) from behind against the paddles, raised treads or lugs (6) of the wheel or track (5), and the centrifugal flow arising from rotation inside the spirally formed enclosure (7) is deflected (8) into the duct (2) at the front and increases the flow (1), whereby the resistance of the conveyance's propelling wheel or track is reduced.

Description

DEVICE FOR EXPLOITING SURROUNDING MATTERCURRENT
The invention is a device on the propelling means of a conveyance with wheels or tracks, which device directly utilises the flow of ambient substances for the transmission of power. Of primary relevance are substances such as air, water, slush, dust, mud and sand, and conveyances such as automobiles with wheels, snowmobiles with tracks,
,n 1J boats with paddle wheels, and other conveyances whose speeds exceed
40 kph. Nothing prevents the application of the invention to slower vehicles.
At speeds in excess of 40 kph the air resistance increases to the point where streamlining must be introduced.
Car bodies have been made streamlined, thus saving fuel costs. The air resistance to the wheels is quite high at those portions which are rotating in the direction of travel. The resistance increases with the square of the speed and the area. The more extensive the patterning on the wheel tread, the greater the resistance.
Racing cars, which travel at speeds of 300 kph, have smooth friction tyres for grip. When racing cars drive in the rain with patterned treads, the jet of rainwater shoots straight up due to the air resistance associated with the speed and to the centrifugal force casting the water forward, since racers have no mudguards. In rally cars, tyres with patterned treads are used at speeds of up to 200 kph and there are openings in front which direct the air flow against the lower part of the wheels, thus giving a little extra speed. Similarly in the snowmobile there is air resistance to that part of the track that is moving in the direction of travel. The larger the lugs, the greater the air resistance but also the better grip on the snow — here a compromise is necessary. In the nineteenth century paddle steamer the situation was similar: as the speed increased so did the air resistance to the paddles. Designers tried enclosing the paddle wheels and streamlining the form of the enclosure. The propeller was introduced in the 1820s and in a tug-of-war in 1853 between two boats having engines of equal size and power, the Alecto with paddle wheels and the Rattler w th propellers, the Rattler towed the Alecto at a speed of 2.8 knots.
After this contest the propeller began to gain the upper hand on boats. In U.K. patent 2092540 water is sucked towards the paddle wheel (19) along ducts (17) from the side of the vessel. The direct flow is not utilised.
In U.S. patent 4,171 ,675 water and air are sucked from the side axial to the wheel and propelled by centrifugal force radially through the opening downwards and backwards. Here the direct flow from in front is not utilised, as the air and water are pumped. In German patents (DE) 3500143 and (DE) 4434 223A1 the wind is not utilised directly against the propelling wheel or track of the conveyance. The idea of the invention is that the flow of ambient substances such as air, water, snow, slush, dust, mud and sand which arises around the propelling elements, such as wheels or tracks, of a conveyance, is conducted from in front via ducts past the wheel or track and turned against the paddle, raised tread pattern or lug so that said flow transmits power to the wheel or track and thus reduces the fuel consumption. The device has an opening in front which takes in the flow that arises when the conveyance is in motion. The opening is larger at the front and tapers at the exit where it is directed towards the paddles, raised tread or lugs of the wheel. According to Bernouilli's equation this increases the velocity and the pressure.
The centrifugal force of that part of a wheel that is moving in the direction of travel casts ambient substances in a spiral path in the direction of travel. The centrifugal flow has a pressure maximum at a certain point. This is known from centrifugal fans and centrifugal pumps for liquids and e.g. for mixed substances such as air and grain. At this point the flow is deflected into the duct which receives the flow of ambient substances such as air, water, snow, slush, dust, mud and sand and adds to said flow. The invention is described hereafter with reference to the drawings: Fig. 1 , the principle applied to a wheel, Fig. 2, the principle applied to a track assembly, Fig. 3 the invention applied to a motor vehicle, Fig. 4 the invention applied to a snowmobile, and Fig. 5 the invention applied to a vessel with paddle wheels. In Fig. 1 , 1 denotes the flow of air or of air mixed with other substances that may be present around a wheel 5 of a conveyance. The flow is introduced into duct 2, which extends past the wheel 5 and is narrower than its opening, thus increasing the flow velocity according to the principle of continuity, and is deflected at 3 behind the wheel 5 against the paddles, raised treads or lugs 6, transmitting power to the wheel. In land conveyances the peripheral velocity of the wheel is equal to that of the incoming flow 1. The size of the gap for the escape of excess substance between the enclosure (duct wall 2) and the paddles, raised treads or lugs on the wheel 5 must be determined experimentally. Rotation also generates a flow by centrifugal force, which flow is utilised here in the spirally shaped enclosure 7 of the wheel 5 and is again deflected 8 at the front end of the enclosure into the duct 2, thus increasing the inward flow 1. The wheel 5 and the paddles, raised treads or lugs 6 are as close as possible to the axial side of the enclosure. In Fig. 2 the principle is applied to a track design. The inward flow 1 is as in Fig. 1 but the duct 2 is longer, extending to the rear driving wheel 5b, where the flow is deflected at 3 from behind in the direction of travel 4 towards the paddles, raised treads or lugs on the track, adding to the speed of the track. The rotation of the front wheel 5, which is enclosed in the spirally shaped enclosure 7, also gives rise to a flow by centrifugal force, which flow is deflected at 8 into the intake of duct 2 and increases the inward flow 1. The wheels 5 and 5b and the track with its paddles, raised treads or lugs 6 are again as close as possible to the axial wall of the enclosure. In Fig. 3 the invention is applied to the wheels of a passenger car. The flow past the roof might be conducted by additional ducts to the deflection point 3 at the rear wheel, thus yielding still more power. In the figure the wheels are shown in X-ray view.
In Fig. 4 the invention is applied to a snowmobile, which in practice requires little modification. Here the invention is shown in section. In Fig. 5 the wheel is shown in section and is located in the bow, contrary to its position in boats with wheels.
The invention might possibly be applied to flying conveyances, since the flow at two points describes an arc which can generate a lifting force. The invention must in this case be arranged upside down. Arcs of smaller radius give greater power.

Claims

Claims:
1. A device for utilising the flow of ambient substances such as air, snow, water, slush, dust, mud, sand (1) in a mobile conveyance having enclosed wheels or tracks with the axial wall of the enclosure extending downwards so that radii from the axle of the wheel or of the driving wheel of the track form an angle of approximately 45° with the edge of said axial wall; characterised in that said ambient substances (1) are conducted from the front of the conveyance into a duct (2), past the wheel (5), and deflected (3) in the direction of travel (4) against the paddles, raised treads or lugs
(6) thus transmitting power to the wheel or track.
2. A device according to claim 1 , characterised in that because of the centrifugal force arising from rotation, the enclosure is spirally formed (7) and has a deflecting opening (8) into the duct (2) which turns the flow and increases flow (1).
3. A device according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the deflection points (3) and (8) of the flow are adjustable so that excess substance can escape at the paddles, raised treads or lugs (6) of the wheel or track (5), depending on the nature of the substance.
PCT/FI1997/000705 1996-11-18 1997-11-18 Device for exploiting surrounding mattercurrent WO1998022329A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU50542/98A AU5054298A (en) 1996-11-18 1997-11-18 Device for exploiting surrounding mattercurrent

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI964602 1996-11-18
FI964602A FI964602A (en) 1996-11-18 1996-11-18 Utilization of airflow impeller or impeller chain in vehicle transmission
FI972347A FI972347A (en) 1997-06-03 1997-06-03 Utilization of the flow of the surrounding substance in the transmission of the force of the wheel or belt of a vehicle
FI972347 1997-06-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998022329A1 true WO1998022329A1 (en) 1998-05-28

Family

ID=26160255

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1997/000705 WO1998022329A1 (en) 1996-11-18 1997-11-18 Device for exploiting surrounding mattercurrent

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5054298A (en)
WO (1) WO1998022329A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812037A1 (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-25 Jacky Glaize Fluidic energy recovery device comprises movable blades, located in housing, displaced by liquid led to blades by independent pipes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2165068A5 (en) * 1971-12-16 1973-08-03 Matra Engins
US4334694A (en) * 1977-07-11 1982-06-15 Iwanicki Andrzej Tomasz Splash protection assembly for vehicles equipped with mudguards

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2165068A5 (en) * 1971-12-16 1973-08-03 Matra Engins
US4334694A (en) * 1977-07-11 1982-06-15 Iwanicki Andrzej Tomasz Splash protection assembly for vehicles equipped with mudguards

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812037A1 (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-01-25 Jacky Glaize Fluidic energy recovery device comprises movable blades, located in housing, displaced by liquid led to blades by independent pipes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5054298A (en) 1998-06-10

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