WO1998017105A1

WO1998017105A1 - Spray assembly

Info

Publication number: WO1998017105A1
Application number: PCT/AU1997/000704
Authority: WO
Inventors: Guarian Simnacher; Keith Alfred Zanker; Christopher Scott Vasey
Original assignee: Enviromist Industries Pty. Ltd.
Priority date: 1996-10-22
Filing date: 1997-10-22
Publication date: 1998-04-30
Also published as: AUPO313596A0; EP0967860A1; EP0967860A4; ZA979437B

Abstract

A spraying assembly suitable for market spraying, the spraying assembly comprising a plurality of spray heads (16) each comprising a spray nozzle within a spray hood (17), each spray hood (17) having an aspect ratio of at least 3 when viewed in plan. The heads (16) are mounted on a vehicle (10) to be adjustably orientated in relation to the direction of travel of the vehicle (10) to vary the width of application of each head (16). The spray nozzle is mounted in a major wall of the hood (17) such that the spray material does not contact the interior surface of the hood (17) while the hood (17) minimises spray drift by protecting the spray from the influence of wind and air currents.

Description

SPRAY ASSEMBLY

This invention relates to a spraying assembly which is suitable for market garden spraying, and agricultural row crops such as cotton.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART.

The need to spray in rows has already been identified, and some attempts have been made to produce equipment which will satisfactorily spray rows, or between rows, and for example reference may be made to the PCT Application WO 87/01909 in the name of HOMBURG, or its Australian equivalent Application 64021/86, wherein a row of spray nozzles was coupled to a fan, each spray nozzle having a slot-like discharge opening which discharges a flat directed current of air into which spray droplets are injected.

The Australian Application 50424/79 in the name of MOORE and DAWSON indicated a full coverage recirculating sprayer assembly which comprised pressurised liquid carried on a vehicle, a horizontal bar coupled to the vehicle and extending laterally of direction of travel, and solid stream spray nozzles communicating with the pressurised liquid, associated with collector means.

The aforesaid two specifications are the only ones known to the Applicant wherein the sprays could be separated from one another, for example for spraying liquid fertiliser over a crop or weedicide between the rows of a crop.

The Applicant herein has identified a need to combat the overspray problem which exists, wherein for example a row of cabbages could be destroyed if weedicide sprayed between that and an adjacent row was carried by the wind or other means from the target area to the cabbages, or vice versa, the weeds between the rows of cabbages could benefit from overspray of fertiliser. It is common practice to produce a spray which has small sized droplets, even into the micron range, and this spray is very susceptible to any air movement which will cause drift of the spray. Even forward movement of the vehicle on which the spraying apparatus is mounted will cause air movements around the spray head and cause drift or movement of the spray outside the desired area. Applicant has also identified a need to have adjustment means so that the spacing between the sprays can match the rows of plants, and also the width of the spray pattern can be varied, some rows of plants requiring much wider spray patterns than others.

It is also a further object of the invention to provide a spray head in which drift of the spray outside the desired area is minimised to a satisfactory degree or virtually eliminated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Thus there is provided according to the invention a plurality of transversely spaced spray hoods, each having an aspect ratio when viewed in plan of at least 3, each being carried by clamp means to a bar arranged to be secured to a vehicle and each being rotatable so that the narrow dimension can be either orientated to the direction of travel to produce a narrow spray pattern, or can be orientated to present any variation of width up to the wide dimension to provide a wide spray pattern.

Also there is provided according to the invention a spraying assembly comprising at least one spray head, each spray head comprising a spray nozzle with a spray hood, each spray hood having an aspect ratio of at least 3, clamp means attaching each said hood to a vehicle such that each hood can be orientated relative to the direction of travel of the vehicle to provide either a wide or narrow spray width, whereby each hood protects the spray from the influence of wind or air movements.

Additionally there is provided according to the invention a spraying assembly comprising at least one spray unit mounted in a hood, said hood having an aspect ratio of at least 3, said spray unit delivering a discoid shaped spray pattern and being mounted in a major wall of the hood whereby the spray pattern does not contact the interior surface of the hood to any extent, the hood protecting the spray pattern from the effect of any air movement or wind. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

While the invention need not necessarily include the above mentioned details an embodiment is described hereunder in some further detail with reference to and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig 1 is a view of the spray assembly attached to a vehicle;

Fig 2 is a cross-sectional view along the lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 ;

Fig 3 is a side elevation of the portion show in Fig. 2;

Fig 4 is an illustration of the spray pattern within a hood;

Figs 5, 6 and 7 are illustrations of the various positions of the spray heads; and

Fig 8 is another embodiments of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT.

In this embodiment a motor vehicle 10 is shown in Fig 1 and is of the type commonly used by market gardeners, being provided with a mounting frame 11 , the mounting frame 11 having attached to it a transverse bar 12, which in this embodiment is of square tube cross-sectional shape as illustrated in Fig 2, the transverse bar 12 being attached to mounting frame 11 by means of a mounting bar 13 which is illustrated only in fragmentary end elevation in Fig 2, the transverse bar 12 and the mounting bar 13 being welded together. Fig 3 does not illustrate the transverse bar 12 but it merely serves to illustrate the clamping arrangement for vertical suspension bar 15.

Vertical suspension bars 15 each carry a spray head 16, the spray head 16 comprising a spray unit 16(a )contained within a hood 17. The hood 17 contains the nozzle which is fed from a hose 18 (Fig 1 ) and the lower end of hood 17 terminates in a peripheral skirt 20 as shown in Fig 1. The spray unit used is preferably a so-called "constant drop applicator" wherein droplet size lies mostly in a small range of sizes, and has a horizontal axis of rotation. The curvature of the hood is sufficient that most droplets will fall to the open mouth of the hood without being intercepted by the hood. Thus the spray unit delivers a spray pattern which is generally of vertical discoid shape, whereby the droplets fall to the target area in a hood having a shape that it has an aspect ratio of at least 3.

Referring now to Figure 4, there is shown in cross section a hood 17 with the spray unit 16(a) positioned in a major wall of the hood. The spray unit is positioned in the hood in a position such that in operation the spray droplets do not contact the sides or walls of the hood but fall from the lower end of the hood. In this way all of the spray may be in the small or micron sized droplet form for most effective coverage. If the spray contacted the wall of the hood, then large ineffective sized drops of the spray material would fall from the lower edge of the hood thus not giving effective coverage and also wasting spray material. The aspect ratio of 3 is a preferred ratio, but it will be realised that this can vary depending on the type of spray unit used. The spray unit delivers a spray pattern which is discoid in shape and if it has a greater or lesser thickness in relation to the diameter of the spray pattern, then the aspect ratio of the hood can vary, it being a requirement that the hood be matched to the discoid spray pattern produced by the spray unit such that the spray produced does not contact the internal walls of the hood. Thus while it is preferred that the aspect ratio be at least 3, it is to be realised that the invention is not to be limited thereto. However, it is within the scope of the invention to provide a trough or the like surrounding the bottom of the hood to catch any droplets falling from the bottom of the hood, which spray then recirculated.

As illustrated, each vertical suspension bar 15 is of circular cross-sectional shape, and is firmly clamped to bar 12 by means of saddles 21 , such that the rotational position and height of each hood 17 can be adjusted. As shown best in Figs 5, 6 and 7, the width of a spray pattern can be varied by rotating the hoods 17 about their respective vertical axes and the maximum width of a spray pattern can be equal to or even slightly greater than the width of the hood 17 if the hood 17 lies in the same direction as the transverse bar 12. However the width can be reduced by rotation, width W2 being the width of the spray pattern in the illustrated embodiment, but this can be reduced down to width W3 by rotation of the respective hoods 17 about their vertical axes, until the narrow widths of hoods 17 is presented in the direction of travel. The width W2 is an intermediate width which can of course be varied by rotation of the hoods.

In an alternative construction as shown in Fig 8, each spray head is mounted by a parallel motion linkage 20 to the bar 12. Each spray head thus trails behind the bar, and includes a wheel 21 supporting the spray head, so the spray head is self levelling as it passes over uneven ground.

Since the spacing between row crops, particularly of vegetables can vary considerably, it is necessary for the spray heads 16 to be positional not only as far as spray pattern width is concerned but also as far the spacing between spray patterns, and this is achieved by means of the clamping arrangements which are shown more particularly in Figs 2 and 3. Saddles 21 are clamped by clamping bolts 24 which terminate at two ends in male threads 25, the bolts 24 extending over the top of and being supported by the upper wall 26 of the rectangular section transverse bar 12, and on the sides of the bar 12 opposite the vertical suspension bars 15, the clamping bolts 24 are provided with return portions 27 which extend part distance across the rear wall 28 of the bar 12 to bear against that wall upon tightening of nuts 29 on the threaded ends 25 of the bolts 24. U-shaped locating strips 33 locate the bolts 24, and the front flanges 34 extend across the outer surface of the front wall 35 of transverse bar 12. The flanges of saddles 21 then bear against the front flanges 34 of the locating strips 33 to thereby clamp the flanges firmly against those strips and at the same time clamp portion of the surface of each respective transverse bar 12 against the front wall 35.

In some instances there may be a slight incline to the land on which the spray heads need to operate, and therefore in some instances there are provided curved slots 38 in the flanges of the saddles 21 , as best seen in Fig 3.

This is clearly an optional extra.

A consideration of the above embodiment will indicate a number of things: The hoods effectively shield the spray from any undesirable air currents, such as wind or that caused by the forward movement of the vehicle on which the spray assembly is mounted.

The number of spray heads 16 is indefinite and can be extended from the three shown up to say twenty in some cases. The height and orientation of the spray hoods 17, and the spacings are all readily variable to position the hoods where required, and in some instances both weedicide and fertiliser can be sprayed in a single pass of the vehicle 10 between row crops. In some instances it may be desirable for each hood to contain a fan but in most instances contemplated at this time, it is preferred not to use a fan so that the danger of overspray is reduced to some degree. It will be clear that the nuts 29 can be clamped over their threads 25 to retain both the orientation and height of each suspension bar 15 and to retain the spacings of the various shrouds 17, so that all adjustment can be achieved, and all this is achieved with the facility of sliding the locating strips 33 along the transverse width of the array of spray heads, without interference of such movement by the mounting bar 13.

Claims

1. A plurality of transversely spaced spray hoods, each having an aspect ratio when viewed in plan of at least 3, each being carried by clamp means to a bar arranged to be secured to a motor vehicle and each being rotatable so that the narrow dimension can be either orientated to the direction of travel to provide a narrow spray pattern, or can be rotated to present any variation of width up to the wide dimension to provide a wide spray pattern.

2. A plurality of transversely spaced spray hoods as defined in claim 1 , wherein each of the spray hoods can enclose sides and ends, and an open base so which is attached an elastomeric skirt.

3. A spraying assembly comprising at least one spray head, each head comprising a spray unit within a spray hood, each spray hood having an aspect ratio when viewed in plan of at least 3, clamp means attaching each said hood to a vehicle such that each hood can be orientated relative to the direction of travel of the vehicle to provide either a wide or narrow spray pattern, whereby each said hood protects the spray from the influence of wind or air movements

4. A spraying assembly as defined in claim 3 wherein each said spray unit is positioned with its axis substantially horizontal in a major wall of the hood whereby the spray pattern does not contact the internal surface of the hood.

5. A spraying assembly as defined in claim 3 wherein each hood is mounted on a horizontal bar attached to a vehicle, each hood having an upright member vertically and angularly adjustable on the bar whereby each spray head can be angularly adjustable with reference to the direction of travel of the vehicle.

6. A spraying assembly comprising at least one spray nozzle mounted in a hood, said hood having an aspect ratio of a least 3 , said spray nozzle delivering a discoid shaped spray pattern and being mounted in a major wall of the hood whereby the spray pattern does not contact the interior surface of the hood to any extent, the hood protecting the spray pattern from the effect of any air movement or wind.

7. A spraying assembly as defined in claim 3, wherein each head is provided with a trough or channel at its open end to collect any droplets of spray material falling from said hood, said affected spray material being recirculated.