WO1998009460A1 - Procede et appareil de decouplage de capacites de couverture dans un systeme radiotelephonique - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de decouplage de capacites de couverture dans un systeme radiotelephonique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998009460A1
WO1998009460A1 PCT/US1997/015371 US9715371W WO9809460A1 WO 1998009460 A1 WO1998009460 A1 WO 1998009460A1 US 9715371 W US9715371 W US 9715371W WO 9809460 A1 WO9809460 A1 WO 9809460A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
mobile switching
network
switching center
packet routing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/015371
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Noam A. Ziv
Original Assignee
Qualcomm Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qualcomm Incorporated filed Critical Qualcomm Incorporated
Priority to AU42441/97A priority Critical patent/AU4244197A/en
Publication of WO1998009460A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998009460A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/086—Load balancing or load distribution among access entities
    • H04W28/0861—Load balancing or load distribution among access entities between base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/12—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between access points and access point controllers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to network systems, and, more particularly, to a network system employing a packet-switched architecture.
  • Radio telephone service has been in use for many years. In early cellular systems only a limited number of radio channels were available. Through the use of advanced communications techniques, modern radiotelephone systems have a comparatively large number of radio channels thus increasing the total possible number of contemporaneous connections. Thus, the network which supports the system must also be capable of supporting an increased number of connections.
  • Modern radio telephone systems may be cellular telephone systems, wireless private branch exchange systems (PBX), wireless local loop systems (WLL), personal communication systems (PCS), dispatch or satellite systems.
  • PBX wireless private branch exchange systems
  • WLL wireless local loop systems
  • PCS personal communication systems
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • a CDMA system can support a large number of simultaneous connections. Within the system, each call connection must be handled by and routed through a large number of entities within the system.
  • entities within the system.
  • Several different vendors design, build and sell the different entities. The carrier companies may wish to buy the entities from a variety of vendors. Thus, it is advantageous if the entities communicate using a common protocol so that equipment from one vendor may be easily connected to equipment from another vendor. Therefore, industry standard communication protocols are created.
  • the use of the protocols entices the design of certain compatible hardware configurations.
  • the compatible hardware configurations may not provide the flexibility and call handling capabilities desired from a modern telecommunication system.
  • the present invention provides both compatibility with industry standards and high system reliability.
  • the present invention is a method and apparatus by which an additional component is added in a wireless system in order to decouple the capacity of the system with the coverage area of the system.
  • a packet routing network is added to the output of several base station controllers providing interconnectivity between base station controllers and base station transceiver subsystems nominally controlled by another base station controller.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a typical wireless system
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an improved wireless system in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates block diagram of a typical wireless system.
  • networks with three or more systems are also within the scope of the present invention, for clarity, the discussion accompanying FIG. 1 describes a dual system network comprised of systems 30 and 32.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • Systems 30 and 32 may be operated by two different radiotelephone carriers or the systems may be operated by a common carrier.
  • the system operates in accordance with "Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard for Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System," TIA/EIA/IS-95, generally referred to simply as IS-95. (In IS-95 the remote unit is referred to as a mobile station.)
  • Systems 30 and 32 are comprised of numerous base station transceiver subsystems, eighteen of which are shown explicitly as base station transceiver subsystems (BTS) 14A - 141 and 24A - 241, for communicating with remote unit 34.
  • BTS base station transceiver subsystem
  • Each base station transceiver subsystem 14A - 141 and 24A - 241 may be partitioned into a number of sectors.
  • Remote unit 34 may be a mobile, portable, personal communication, wireless local loop or other compatible subscriber unit capable of communication with base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 141 and 24A - 241.
  • Telephone calls are routed by base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 141 between remote unit 34 and base station controllers (BSC) 12A - 12C of system 30.
  • BSC base station controllers
  • Telephone calls may also be routed by base station transceiver subsystems 24A - 241 between remote unit 34 and base station controllers 22A - 22C of system 32.
  • Base station controllers 12A - 12C and base station controllers 22A - 22C connect to mobile switching centers (MSC) 10 and 20, respectively.
  • MSC mobile switching centers
  • Mobile switching centers 10 and 20 are connected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • the remote unit communicates with only one base station transceiver subsystem at a time. To support a hard handoff, a second fixed path is established to carry the call. If the system employs so-called “soft" handoffs, two or more paths are established simultaneously during the handoff process, thereby requiring multiple paths to be maintained through a plurality of base station transceiver subsystems until the soft handoff is complete.
  • a method and system for providing communication with a remote unit through more than one base station transceiver subsystem during the handoff process are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,267,261, entitled “MOBILE ASSISTED SOFT HANDOFF IN A CDMA CELLULAR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM,” issued November 30, 1993 assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • Each of base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 141 and 24A - 241 is comprised of receivers, transmitters, and modems.
  • Base station transceiver subsystems are referred to in the art as a cell sites or base stations.
  • data packets are also used on the wireless connection between base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 141 and 24A - 241 and remote unit 34.
  • On the land side data packets are transferred to and from base station transceiver subsystems 14 A - 141 under the control of base station controllers 12A - 12C and mobile switching center 10. Assume a call is established between unit remote unit 34 and a landline connected to the PSTN.
  • remote unit 34 is in the coverage area of both base station transceiver subsystems 14B and 14C and, therefore, is in soft handoff.
  • Both base station transceiver subsystems 14B and 14C process packets received from remote unit 34 and transmit packets to remote unit 34.
  • the processed packets are passed to base station controller 12A from both base station transceiver subsystems 14B and 14C.
  • Base station controller 12A combines the two signals, decodes the signal, and coverts it to the signaling format used by the PSTN.
  • Base station controller 12A also controls power control on the air interface and co-ordinates intra-BSC handoffs.
  • Base station controller 12A passes the signal to mobile switching center 10.
  • Mobile switching center 10 connects the signal to the proper PSTN line.
  • Mobile switching center 10 also supports call delivery, call features and billing.
  • the link between the base station controller and the base station transceiver subsystem is packet switched in nature in the preferred embodiment.
  • the connection between the mobile switching center and the base station controller may be either packet based or circuit based.
  • Mobile switching center 10 also provides a connection from the PSTN to base station controller 12A.
  • Base station controller 12A receives the PSTN format signaling from mobile switching center 10 and encodes it into packets for transmission over the wireless link.
  • the packets are passed from base station controller 12A to both base station transceiver subsystems 14B and 14C. Both base station transceiver subsystems 14B and 14C transmit the packets to remote unit 34.
  • IS-634 provides a standard of connection between operating regions and supports soft handoff. The use of these protocols seem to lend themselves to the hardware configuration shown in FIG. 1 although other hardware configurations are possible while remaining compliant with IS-634.
  • IS-634 standardizes the messaging, not the link type and, therefore, a variety of link types can be used to provide the connection.
  • the problem with the configuration shown in FIG. 1 is the resultant close coupling of coverage and capacity.
  • the number of calls that can be handled by base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 14C is limited to the number of calls that can be handled by base station controller 12A.
  • each base station transceiver subsystem is capable of handling a large number of calls, if the area serviced by base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 14C is not a high traffic area, efficiency may dictate that base station controller 12A only be capable of supporting a reasonable number of expected connections. If some event occurs which increases the traffic within the area serviced by base station controller 12A above the reasonable number of expected connections, the additional connections cannot be supported.
  • connection 16 in FIG. 1 becomes disabled, base station controller 12A no longer receives signals and no remote unit within the coverage area of base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 14C can receive or place a call and all existing calls are disconnected. If it is assumed that remote unit 34 is in the coverage area corresponding to both base station transceiver subsystems 14B and 14C, remote unit 34 is completely without service.
  • the area served by one base station controller can be significant. For example, in urban areas, if one mobile switching center or IS-634 link fails, hundreds of square miles can be left without coverage.
  • capacity and coverage area are directly coupled in that the capacity of a specific coverage area supported by a set of base station transceiver subsystems is limited to the number of connections which can be supported by the base station controller which connects base station transceiver subsystems to the mobile switching center.
  • FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the present invention with an additional component, CDMA interconnect subsystem 26.
  • CDMA interconnect subsystem 26 can be any packet routing entity. It receives packets from base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 141 and 24A - 241 and transmits them to base station controllers 12A - 12C and 22A -22C and receive packets from base station controllers 12 A - 12C and 22 A - 22C and transmits them to base station transceiver subsystem 14A - 141 and 24A - 241. Because it is a simple packet router, CDMA interconnect subsystem 26 does not add great expense or complexity to the system.
  • CDMA interconnect subsystem 26 may connect more or fewer base station controllers, more or fewer base station transceiver subsystems and serve more or fewer mobile switching centers. Note what happens in the configuration of FIG. 2 if connection 16 fails.
  • a call connection can be established, using IS-634 protocol, from the PSTN to MSC 10 to base station controller 12B through CDMA interconnect subsystem 26 and to BTS 14B.
  • MSC 10 aware of the failure of connection 16, begins to send and receive signaling related to the wireless connection between BTS 14B and remote unit 34 to base station controller 12B or any other base station controller having a connection in parallel with the connection between the base station controller corresponding to the failed link and CDMA interconnect subsystem 26.
  • Base station controller 12B performs the same functions that base station controller 12 A would have performed.
  • base station controller 12A is insufficient to support the number of initiated connections. If base station controller 12A has reached maximum capacity, connections for base station transceiver subsystems 14A - 14C can be routed through base station controller 12B or 12C. Notice that the capacity is thus decoupled from coverage in that the capacity of a specific coverage area supported by a set of base station transceiver subsystems is not limited to the number of connections which can be supported by the base station controller which nominally connects the base station transceiver subsystems to the mobile switching center. Therefore, the total capacity of the system can be shifted to support the coverage areas in which it is required.
  • CIS 26 is shown connecting signals across mobile switching center 10 and mobile switching center 20.
  • a CIS may be placed across only two BSCs. Because BSCs associated with an MSC are typically clustered physically together, the most advantageous location for a
  • CIS may be across BSCs associated with a single MSC.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Réseau permettant d'établir une communication entre un réseau téléphonique public commuté (RTPC) et une unité distante (34) comprenant un centre de commutation radiomobile (MSC) (10, 20). Le réseau comprend également une série de contrôleurs de station de base (12A-C, 22A-C) couplés au centre MSC (10, 20). Une entité d'acheminement de paquets (26) est couplée à ladite série de contrôleurs de station de base (12A-I, 24A-I). Une série de sous-systèmes d'émetteurs-récepteurs de station de base est couplée à l'entité d'acheminement de paquets (26). Ladite entité d'acheminement de paquets est capable de transmettre des paquets de l'un des émetteurs-récepteurs de la série d'émetteurs-récepteurs de station de base (14A) à chacun des contrôleurs de la série de contrôleurs de station de base (12A-C, 22A-C). De cette manière, la capacité du réseau est découplée de la zone de couverture du réseau.
PCT/US1997/015371 1996-08-30 1997-08-28 Procede et appareil de decouplage de capacites de couverture dans un systeme radiotelephonique WO1998009460A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU42441/97A AU4244197A (en) 1996-08-30 1997-08-28 Method and apparatus for decoupling capacity from coverage in a wireless system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70924496A 1996-08-30 1996-08-30
US709,244 1996-08-30

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19909779A1 (de) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-14 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Ressourcenzuteilung in einem Funk-Kommunikationssytem
WO2000060816A1 (fr) 1999-04-07 2000-10-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Reseau sans fil et procedures d'acheminement associees
WO2001086988A1 (fr) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Procede de re-radioralliement et de partage des ressources dans des reseaux cellulaires de communications
EP1198147A2 (fr) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-17 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Système et procédé de couplage des noeuds dans un réseau d'acces radio de la troisième génération
EP1737256A1 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-27 Siemens S.p.A. Méthode pour la répartition de charge de signalisation entre contrôleurs de réseau radio (RNC) dans un réseau de transmission cellulaire
US7170871B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2007-01-30 Airvana, Inc. Radio network control
CN102857951A (zh) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-02 中兴通讯股份有限公司 链路切换方法、装置及系统
US8843638B2 (en) 2007-12-13 2014-09-23 Ericsson Evdo Inc. Handing off active connections

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0534716A2 (fr) * 1991-09-26 1993-03-31 Nec Corporation Autocommutateur pour système de téléphonie mobile cellulaire
WO1994000959A1 (fr) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-06 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Reseau radio microcellulaire
EP0796022A2 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-17 Motorola, Inc. Système de communications "sans fil" ATM avec transfert et méthode de fonctionnement

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0534716A2 (fr) * 1991-09-26 1993-03-31 Nec Corporation Autocommutateur pour système de téléphonie mobile cellulaire
WO1994000959A1 (fr) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-06 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Reseau radio microcellulaire
EP0796022A2 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-17 Motorola, Inc. Système de communications "sans fil" ATM avec transfert et méthode de fonctionnement

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19909779A1 (de) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-14 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Ressourcenzuteilung in einem Funk-Kommunikationssytem
WO2000060816A1 (fr) 1999-04-07 2000-10-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Reseau sans fil et procedures d'acheminement associees
WO2001086988A1 (fr) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-15 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Procede de re-radioralliement et de partage des ressources dans des reseaux cellulaires de communications
US6738625B1 (en) 2000-05-11 2004-05-18 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Rehoming and resource sharing in communications networks
EP1198147A2 (fr) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-17 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Système et procédé de couplage des noeuds dans un réseau d'acces radio de la troisième génération
EP1198147A3 (fr) * 2000-10-13 2002-11-06 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Système et procédé de couplage des noeuds dans un réseau d'acces radio de la troisième génération
US8160020B2 (en) * 2001-06-25 2012-04-17 Airvana Network Solutions, Inc. Radio network control
US7170871B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2007-01-30 Airvana, Inc. Radio network control
US9019935B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2015-04-28 Ericsson Evdo Inc. Radio network control
WO2006136422A1 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Siemens S.P.A. Procede de partage de charge de signalisation entre des controleurs de reseau d'acces radio dans un reseau de communication cellulaire
EP1737256A1 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-27 Siemens S.p.A. Méthode pour la répartition de charge de signalisation entre contrôleurs de réseau radio (RNC) dans un réseau de transmission cellulaire
US8843638B2 (en) 2007-12-13 2014-09-23 Ericsson Evdo Inc. Handing off active connections
CN102857951A (zh) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-02 中兴通讯股份有限公司 链路切换方法、装置及系统

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