WO1998004421A1 - Ink follower compositions - Google Patents
Ink follower compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998004421A1 WO1998004421A1 PCT/US1997/014357 US9714357W WO9804421A1 WO 1998004421 A1 WO1998004421 A1 WO 1998004421A1 US 9714357 W US9714357 W US 9714357W WO 9804421 A1 WO9804421 A1 WO 9804421A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ink follower
- ink
- polar
- follower composition
- thickener
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K7/00—Ball-point pens
- B43K7/02—Ink reservoirs; Ink cartridges
- B43K7/08—Preventing leakage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K7/00—Ball-point pens
- B43K7/01—Ball-point pens for low viscosity liquid ink
Definitions
- This disclosure relates generally to ink follower compositions for use in writing instruments,- e.g., ball point pens. More specifically, this disclosure relates to novel ink follower compositions containing polar additives, thickener and/or specific combinations of non-polar fluid components.
- Ink followers also known as "grease plugs" are generally employed in ball-point pens containing inks of low viscosity.
- ink followers are composed of a liquid which is thickened to a grease-like consistency via the use of a thickener.
- the ink follower is positioned in the ink tube behind the ink supply at the opposite end from the ball point. The ink follower thereby prevents backleakage of the ink.
- Ink followers in addition to preventing backleakage, also inhibit evaporation of solvents and reduce the risk of shock breakage (i.e., the formation of air gaps in the ink tube) .
- U.S. Patent Nos. 3,526,522 and 3,656,857 disclose ink follower compositions containing a liquid vehicle and solid, microscopic grains or particles of organic plastic or polymer.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,348,989 discloses ink volatilization-preventing compositions that contain a slightly volatile organic liquid, a gelling agent and a polyether-modified silicone. It would be desirable to provide an ink follower composition that does not adhere too much to the walls of the ink tube on following and that reduces the risk of shock breakage within the ink reservoir.
- This disclosure relates to the present ink follower compositions include a non-polar liquid, a thickener and a polar additive.
- the polar additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of non-ionic surfactants, e.g., ethoxylated nonylphenols, and low molecular weight alcohols.
- the polar additive component of the present ink follower compositions performs a dual function: promoting affinity between the ink follower and the ink which it follows (many inks are water-based and therefore possess a high degree of polarity) and minimizing the tendency of the ink follower to adhere to the walls of the ink tube as it travels down the ink tube. Therefore, the polar additive enhances the performance of the present ink follower compositions .
- ink follower compositions including a non-polar liquid containing a mixture of high and low molecular weight polybutenes in a ratio of at least 2:1.
- this disclosure relates to ink follower compositions including a non-polar liquid containing a mixture of polybutene and mineral oil to provide a desired balance of properties.
- the ink follower compositions described herein include a non-polar liquid, a thickener and, in some instances, a polar additive.
- Typical examples include vaseline, spindle oil, castor oil, olive oil, liquid paraffin and polybutene having an average molecular weight of 300-3000.
- the amount of the non-polar liquid to be used is in the range of from about 40 to about 90% by weight, preferably from 90 to 97% by weight with respect to the weight of the composition.
- combinations of high molecular weight and low molecular weight polybutenes are used as the non-polar liquid component.
- high molecular weight polybutene it is meant polybutene having a number average molecular weight greater than about 900.
- a suitable high molecular weight polybutene is available under the designation "H-100” from Amoco Inc.
- a suitable low molecular weight polybutane is available under the designation "L-100” from Amoco Inc.
- the ratio of high molecular weight should be at least 2:1. Where a polar additive (as described hereinafter) is not employed, the ratio of high molecular weight polybutene to low molecular weight polybutene should be at least 3:1.
- the individual polybutenes used to make the mixture might be to fluid or too waxy.
- the mixture of high and low molecular weight polybutenes provide ink follower compositions that exhibit desired flow characteristics.
- compositions described herein include polybutene mixed with mineral oil as the non-polar liquid.
- the polybutene alone can be somewhat tacky and may adhere to the ink tube.
- mineral oil is used in combination with the mixture of polybutenes.
- thickeners which can be used in the present compositions include microparticle silica, metallic soaps such as magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, aluminum stearate and zinc stearate, inorganic pigments such as bentonite and carbon black, and organic pigments.
- the third component which is preferably included in the present ink follower compositions is an additive with high polarity.
- Suitable polar additives include non-ionic surfactants and low molecular weight alcohols.
- a non-ionic surfact is chosen as the polar additive, consideration should be given to the compatibility of the surfactant with the non-polar liquid (s) in the composition and to the temperatures to be used in processing the ink follower.
- temperatures up to 180°C may be required during processing.
- clay thickeners are used, processing at room temperature is possible.
- Ethoxylated nonylphenols are particularly useful non-ionic surfactants in that they are compatible with a wide variety of non-polar liquids and can withstand a wide range of processing temperatures .
- a suitable non- ionic surfactant is available under the designation Igepal RC-52 from Rhone Poulenc, Inc., Cranbury, N.J.
- Low molecular weight hydroxyl-containing compounds can also be used as the polar additive in the present compositions.
- Suitable compounds include those of the formula R-OH wherein R is hydrogen or C- ⁇ to C 5 alkyl.
- R is hydrogen or C- ⁇ to C 5 alkyl.
- the choice of hydroxyl-containing compound will depend in some cases on the thickener employed. Thus, for example, where certain clays are used as the thickeners, water can serve as the polar additive. Ethanol and isopropanol are useful with a wide variety of thickeners and are the preferred polar additive.
- a silicone oil or silicone wax can be added to the present compositions.
- compositions described herein can be prepared by adding the thickener and any polar additive or other ingredients to the non-polar liquid and mixing or kneading to provide a homogeneous mixture. Heating can be used to facilitate mixing when desired or necessary.
- the resulting compositions normally have a grease-like consistency.
- Example 2 An ink follower of the following composition is prepared.
- ink follower compositions listed in Table I are prepared using a mixture of high and low molecular weight polybutenes and aluminum stearate as the thickener. All values given in this and other examples are weight percent .
- Table II presents further examples of ink follower compositions containing mixtures of polybutenes in accordance with this disclosure.
- Examples 12 and 13 Ink follower compositions containing polybutene and mineral oil (but no polar additive) are prepared having the following formulations :
Landscapes
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU42312/97A AU716970B2 (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ink follower compositions |
BR9710745A BR9710745A (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ink follower compositions |
EP97940561A EP0918651B1 (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ink follower compositions |
DE69711888T DE69711888T2 (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | COMPOSITION OF AN INK SUCCESSOR |
JP50918598A JP3324763B2 (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ink follower composition |
NZ333667A NZ333667A (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ball-point pen and ink follower compositions |
CA002261883A CA2261883C (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ink follower compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/685,993 | 1996-07-25 | ||
US08/685,993 US5874488A (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1996-07-25 | Ink follower compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998004421A1 true WO1998004421A1 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
Family
ID=24754475
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/014357 WO1998004421A1 (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Ink follower compositions |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5874488A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0918651B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3324763B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1135176C (en) |
AR (1) | AR007929A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU716970B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9710745A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2261883C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69711888T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2175458T3 (en) |
GT (1) | GT199600103A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ333667A (en) |
PA (1) | PA8426001A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW436515B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998004421A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2785570A1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2000-05-12 | Bima 83 | Ink-following plunger for ballpoint pen comprises a stable gel with specified cone penetration hardness |
FR2785569A1 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2000-05-12 | Bima 83 | INK TRACKER PISTON FOR BALLPEN AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH1199789A (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-04-13 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | Manufacture of ink follow-up body for water-based ball-point pen |
JP4298832B2 (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2009-07-22 | パイロットインキ株式会社 | Ink backflow preventive composition for ballpoint pen and ballpoint pen using the same |
US6863389B2 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2005-03-08 | Xerox Corporation | Liquid ink cartridge using viscous gel |
JP2004330662A (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-25 | Pilot Ink Co Ltd | Water-based ball point pen |
JP4750537B2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2011-08-17 | ゼブラ株式会社 | Ballpoint ink backflow prevention composition |
EP3161076A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2017-05-03 | R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company | Ink composition including polyurethane |
US9868869B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2018-01-16 | R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company | Ink composition for use on non-absorbent surfaces |
CN111909756A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-11-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gel ink pen refill follow-up sealant and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114989782B (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2023-07-14 | 丰城三友制笔科技有限公司 | Ink follower for emulsifying medium oil, and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (4)
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GB2099448A (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-08 | Labofina Sa | Grease compositions for ball pens |
WO1986004345A1 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-31 | The Gillette Company | Ball-point writing instrument containing an aqueous ink composition |
JPH06200235A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-19 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | Ink follower composition for water-base ball-point pen |
GB2281257A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-03-01 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co | Conserving aqueous inks in reservoirs of writing instruments. |
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US3822949A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1974-07-09 | Dart Ind Inc | Ball point pen back end closure |
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US4475950A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1984-10-09 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Printing ink compositions containing organophilic clay gellant |
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US4410643A (en) * | 1981-03-26 | 1983-10-18 | Scripto, Inc. | Method of making and the composition for an initially erasable ink for a ball point writing instrument |
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-
1996
- 1996-07-25 US US08/685,993 patent/US5874488A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-21 TW TW085115824A patent/TW436515B/en active
- 1996-12-27 GT GT199600103A patent/GT199600103A/en unknown
-
1997
- 1997-03-10 PA PA19978426001A patent/PA8426001A1/en unknown
- 1997-07-18 AR ARP970103245A patent/AR007929A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-07-25 ES ES97940561T patent/ES2175458T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-25 DE DE69711888T patent/DE69711888T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-25 NZ NZ333667A patent/NZ333667A/en unknown
- 1997-07-25 CN CNB971967288A patent/CN1135176C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-25 EP EP97940561A patent/EP0918651B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-25 CA CA002261883A patent/CA2261883C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-25 AU AU42312/97A patent/AU716970B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-07-25 WO PCT/US1997/014357 patent/WO1998004421A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-07-25 JP JP50918598A patent/JP3324763B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-25 BR BR9710745A patent/BR9710745A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-10-07 US US09/167,503 patent/US6028126A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2099448A (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-08 | Labofina Sa | Grease compositions for ball pens |
WO1986004345A1 (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1986-07-31 | The Gillette Company | Ball-point writing instrument containing an aqueous ink composition |
JPH06200235A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-19 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd | Ink follower composition for water-base ball-point pen |
GB2281257A (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-03-01 | Mitsubishi Pencil Co | Conserving aqueous inks in reservoirs of writing instruments. |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 562 (C - 1265) 27 October 1994 (1994-10-27) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2785569A1 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2000-05-12 | Bima 83 | INK TRACKER PISTON FOR BALLPEN AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
WO2000027651A1 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2000-05-18 | Societe Bic | Ink-following plunger for ballpoint pen and method for making same |
EP1209004A2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2002-05-29 | Société BIC | Ink-following plunger for ballpoint pen and method for making the same |
FR2785570A1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2000-05-12 | Bima 83 | Ink-following plunger for ballpoint pen comprises a stable gel with specified cone penetration hardness |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PA8426001A1 (en) | 2000-05-24 |
ES2175458T3 (en) | 2002-11-16 |
GT199600103A (en) | 1998-06-20 |
US5874488A (en) | 1999-02-23 |
CA2261883A1 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
AR007929A1 (en) | 1999-11-24 |
CN1135176C (en) | 2004-01-21 |
CA2261883C (en) | 2005-04-05 |
AU716970B2 (en) | 2000-03-09 |
JP2000505736A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
DE69711888D1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
US6028126A (en) | 2000-02-22 |
AU4231297A (en) | 1998-02-20 |
DE69711888T2 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
TW436515B (en) | 2001-05-28 |
BR9710745A (en) | 1999-08-17 |
JP3324763B2 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
CN1226207A (en) | 1999-08-18 |
NZ333667A (en) | 1999-10-28 |
EP0918651A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 |
EP0918651B1 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
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