WO1997049541A1 - A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics - Google Patents

A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997049541A1
WO1997049541A1 PCT/NO1997/000145 NO9700145W WO9749541A1 WO 1997049541 A1 WO1997049541 A1 WO 1997049541A1 NO 9700145 W NO9700145 W NO 9700145W WO 9749541 A1 WO9749541 A1 WO 9749541A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weld zone
fabrics
thread
sewings
weld
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1997/000145
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Torstein G. Christensen
Jan Halvorsen
Jan Fr. Fosse
Original Assignee
Nordic Water Supply Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nordic Water Supply Asa filed Critical Nordic Water Supply Asa
Priority to AU29824/97A priority Critical patent/AU2982497A/en
Priority to EP97924398A priority patent/EP0918620A1/en
Publication of WO1997049541A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997049541A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/62—Stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2313/00—Use of textile products or fabrics as reinforcement

Definitions

  • a lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics is provided.
  • the present invention relates to joining of fabric materials.
  • the joints are often critical areas, with respect to sealing or strength, or both.
  • lap joining is among else used, whereby an elongate weld zone is formed i an overlapping area of the fabrics.
  • thread sewings in such weld joints.
  • cover such a thread sewing with a fabric layer, which is welded in order to avoid leakage of liquid through the holes formed by the thread sewing.
  • the purpose of the thread sewing mainly is to provide a mechanical reinforcement.
  • the thread portions which penetrate the overlapping fabric layers will in joined fabrics which are not exposed to any tensile strain along the plane of the fabrics and transversely of the weld seam be situated mainly perpendicularly through the fabrics, at least when seen in a cross section of the weld seam. In such positions these thread portions have no ability to transfer forces along the plane of the fabrics, transversely of the weld joint. Not until the joint has been stretched in the transverse direction the thread portions will be situated in an oblique position relatively to the plane of the fabrics, and they are then able to transfer forces between the fabric layers in the plane of the fabrics.
  • the tensile forces will constitute a force couple, due to the thickness of the fabrics, whereby the seam area will be somewhat pivoted by a torque about a middle longitudinal axis through the weld seam, relatively to the plane of the fabrics outside of the joint area.
  • the weld seam will assume a certain oblique position relatively to the plane of the fabrics, and the weld seam will be subjected to a force component which acts perpendicularly to the plane of the weld, at the same time as the weld is subjected to shear strain along its plane.
  • a thread sewing in the weld seam will have a small effect against the strains to which the weld seam is subjected.
  • the thread sewing may be able to compress the fabric layers along the weld, but this will not diminish the concentration of stresses along the so-called weld-toe, i.e. the longitudinal edge of the weld seam.
  • an elongate welding zone between two overlapping fabric layers can be efficiently reinforced with respect to fatigue by the provision of thread sewings outside of each side of the weld zone, by one or more thread sewings along each side, mainly immediately adjacent the weld zone or in a small distance therefrom. By such a joint the lifetime is increased, compared with merely a weld or a weld having sewings within the weld proper.
  • the distance between the edges of the weld zone and the thread sewings, or the nearest sewings when two or more thread sewings on each side of the weld zone are used, may vary, for instance depending on the thickness of the fabrics and the width of the weld zone. Said distance may for instance be from a few millimeters and up to some tens of millimeters. The essential is that the thread sewings shall relieve the weld zone from strains.
  • each fabric layer When such a joint area is subjected to tension in the transverse direction, each fabric layer will be somewhat compressed by the thread sewings, which prevents perpendicular stresses in occuring at the weld-toe.
  • a concentration of shear stress will occur in each weld-toe in a weld zone when the joint is subjected to tension transversely of the joint.
  • the joint In a joint without sewings outside of the weld zone the joint will have a trend towards tear-out ("peeling") which produces forces laterally on the fabric plane and which causes large stretching of the fabric at each weld-toe.
  • peeling tear-out
  • the fabric surfaces will be pressed together, and stresses perpendicular to the fabric will be efficaciously avoided.
  • the small stretching which occurs within the weld zone will cause that the sewings have a minor effect.
  • the Fig. shows diagrammatically and enlarged a section through a joint according to the invention, transversely of a weld seam.
  • Two fabrics 1 and 2 each of which being shown, in broken lines, as having an inner reinforcement 3, 4, for instance a fiber reinforcement, are superposed in an overlapping area, where the fabrics are joined in a weld zone 5.
  • thread sewings 6 and 7 are formed along the weld zone 5, in the example shown two sewings on each side of the weld zone 5.
  • the joint is made up in that the fabrics 1 and 2 are first placed overlapping against each other and welded together in the weld zone, whereupon the thread sewings 6, 7 are sewn along the weld zone 5, in a certain distance therefrom.
  • the thread sewings 6 and 7 will relieve the weld zone 5.
  • the weld zone 5 will primarily be loaded by shear forces and be somewhat deformed, by being stretched in the direction of the forces.
  • the thread portions which perforate the fabric layers 1 and 2 and which in a relaxed state mainly are in right angles to the fabric layers when seen in the shown section will be situated somewhat obliquely, whereby the thread portions are able to absorb some of the tension.
  • the most critical portions of the weld zone 5 with respect to stresses by such a loading are the edge portions of the weld zone, the so-called weld-toe along each side.
  • weld-toe the edge portions of the weld zone, the so-called weld-toe along each side.
  • this will be subjected to the formation of fissures during repeated loadings, and these fissures will spread further into the weld and cause a substantial weakening thereof.
  • the thread sewing or sewings is/are situated immediately outside of the weld the formation of fissures is prevented, because the thread sewing or sewings absorbs/absorb the perpendicular forces and keeps/keep the fabric layers together. In this manner the lifetime of the joint is substantially increased.
  • the principle may be applied in several fields, such as for tents, clothes, bags and tarpaulins.
  • a particular application is in large bags for use in oil recovery and for transportation of water in the sea, and where there is a danger of fatigue due to frequent loadings.

Abstract

A lap joint between fabrics (1, 2) which are welded together in an elongate weld zone (5), whereby thread sewings (6, 7) are formed parallely to the weld zone (5), situated along each side of the weld zone (5), outside of the weld zone (5). The joint is made up by a method of joining weldable fabrics, comprising that two fabrics (1, 2) are laid overlapping against each other and are welded in an elongate weld zone (5), whereby thread sewings (6, 7) are formed parallely to the weld zone, along each side of the weld zone (5), outside of the weld zone (5). The thread sewings (6, 7) are situated so near the weld zone (5) that they relieve it. In this manner the fatigue strength of the joint is substantially increased, compared with a joint without thread sewings or a joint having a thread sewing within the weld zone proper.

Description

A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics.
The present invention relates to joining of fabric materials.
In joined fabrics the joints are often critical areas, with respect to sealing or strength, or both. For fabrics of weldable materials, or for such having a weldable outer layer, lap joining is among else used, whereby an elongate weld zone is formed i an overlapping area of the fabrics. It is also known to make thread sewings in such weld joints. Moreover, it is known to cover such a thread sewing with a fabric layer, which is welded in order to avoid leakage of liquid through the holes formed by the thread sewing. The purpose of the thread sewing mainly is to provide a mechanical reinforcement. The thread portions which penetrate the overlapping fabric layers will in joined fabrics which are not exposed to any tensile strain along the plane of the fabrics and transversely of the weld seam be situated mainly perpendicularly through the fabrics, at least when seen in a cross section of the weld seam. In such positions these thread portions have no ability to transfer forces along the plane of the fabrics, transversely of the weld joint. Not until the joint has been stretched in the transverse direction the thread portions will be situated in an oblique position relatively to the plane of the fabrics, and they are then able to transfer forces between the fabric layers in the plane of the fabrics. By tensile straining of welded lap seams the tensile forces will constitute a force couple, due to the thickness of the fabrics, whereby the seam area will be somewhat pivoted by a torque about a middle longitudinal axis through the weld seam, relatively to the plane of the fabrics outside of the joint area. Thereby the weld seam will assume a certain oblique position relatively to the plane of the fabrics, and the weld seam will be subjected to a force component which acts perpendicularly to the plane of the weld, at the same time as the weld is subjected to shear strain along its plane. A thread sewing in the weld seam will have a small effect against the strains to which the weld seam is subjected. The thread sewing may be able to compress the fabric layers along the weld, but this will not diminish the concentration of stresses along the so- called weld-toe, i.e. the longitudinal edge of the weld seam. In accordance with the invention it has been realized that an elongate welding zone between two overlapping fabric layers can be efficiently reinforced with respect to fatigue by the provision of thread sewings outside of each side of the weld zone, by one or more thread sewings along each side, mainly immediately adjacent the weld zone or in a small distance therefrom. By such a joint the lifetime is increased, compared with merely a weld or a weld having sewings within the weld proper. The distance between the edges of the weld zone and the thread sewings, or the nearest sewings when two or more thread sewings on each side of the weld zone are used, may vary, for instance depending on the thickness of the fabrics and the width of the weld zone. Said distance may for instance be from a few millimeters and up to some tens of millimeters. The essential is that the thread sewings shall relieve the weld zone from strains.
When such a joint area is subjected to tension in the transverse direction, each fabric layer will be somewhat compressed by the thread sewings, which prevents perpendicular stresses in occuring at the weld-toe.
The combination of a weld zone and sewings outside of the weld zone brings about an improvement relatively to a weld zone without any sewing which with respect to lifetime can be expressed with a factor of 100.
The combination of a weld zone and sewings outside of the weld zone brings about a very important (significant) improvement relatively to the combination of a weld zone and sewings within the weld zone.
A concentration of shear stress will occur in each weld-toe in a weld zone when the joint is subjected to tension transversely of the joint. In a joint without sewings outside of the weld zone the joint will have a trend towards tear-out ("peeling") which produces forces laterally on the fabric plane and which causes large stretching of the fabric at each weld-toe. By placing the sewing outside of the weld the fabric surfaces will be pressed together, and stresses perpendicular to the fabric will be efficaciously avoided. In a joint having sewings within the weld zone the small stretching which occurs within the weld zone will cause that the sewings have a minor effect. This is due to the fact that the sewings are not effective until they are situated obliquely (seen along the weld zone). With a tensile force S and a sewing angle of θ relatively to a direction perpendicularly to the fabric plane each sewing will give a force contribution of F = S sin θ. With sewings outside of each weld-toe the fabric deformations will be large in the sewing areas, and consequently the angle θ will be large. Each sewing will, consequently, give a large force contribution, which contributes to a levelling of the stress peaks in each weld-toe. Such a levelling of stress peaks is essential in order to increase the lifetime of a joint.
In the following the invention will be explained more detailed by means of an example shown in the accompanying drawing.
The Fig. shows diagrammatically and enlarged a section through a joint according to the invention, transversely of a weld seam.
Two fabrics 1 and 2, each of which being shown, in broken lines, as having an inner reinforcement 3, 4, for instance a fiber reinforcement, are superposed in an overlapping area, where the fabrics are joined in a weld zone 5. In a small distance outside of each side of the weld zone 5 thread sewings 6 and 7 are formed along the weld zone 5, in the example shown two sewings on each side of the weld zone 5. The joint is made up in that the fabrics 1 and 2 are first placed overlapping against each other and welded together in the weld zone, whereupon the thread sewings 6, 7 are sewn along the weld zone 5, in a certain distance therefrom.
If the joint is subjected to stretching in the transverse direction of the joint, i.e. that the fabrics 1 and 2 are subjected to forces to the right and to the left, respectively, as they are shown, the thread sewings 6 and 7 will relieve the weld zone 5. The weld zone 5 will primarily be loaded by shear forces and be somewhat deformed, by being stretched in the direction of the forces. Thereby the thread portions which perforate the fabric layers 1 and 2 and which in a relaxed state mainly are in right angles to the fabric layers when seen in the shown section, will be situated somewhat obliquely, whereby the thread portions are able to absorb some of the tension. The most critical portions of the weld zone 5 with respect to stresses by such a loading are the edge portions of the weld zone, the so-called weld-toe along each side. When a weld without any thread sewing or a weld having a thread sewing within the weld zone is used, this will be subjected to the formation of fissures during repeated loadings, and these fissures will spread further into the weld and cause a substantial weakening thereof. When the thread sewing or sewings is/are situated immediately outside of the weld the formation of fissures is prevented, because the thread sewing or sewings absorbs/absorb the perpendicular forces and keeps/keep the fabric layers together. In this manner the lifetime of the joint is substantially increased.
The principle may be applied in several fields, such as for tents, clothes, bags and tarpaulins. A particular application is in large bags for use in oil recovery and for transportation of water in the sea, and where there is a danger of fatigue due to frequent loadings.

Claims

Claims.
1. A lap joint between fabrics (1, 2) which are welded together in an elongate weld zone (5), whereby thread sewings (6, 7) are formed parallelly to the weld zone (5), c h a ra cterized i n that the thread sewings (6, 7) are situated along each side of the weld zone (5), outside of the weld zone (5).
2. A method of joining weldable fabrics, comprising that two fabrics (1, 2) are laid overlapping against each other and are welded in an elongate weld zone (5), whereby thread sewings (6, 7) are formed parallelly to the weld zone (5), c h a r a ct e ri ze d i n that the thread sewings (6, 7) are formed along each side of the weld zone (5), outside of the weld zone (5).
PCT/NO1997/000145 1996-06-25 1997-06-06 A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics WO1997049541A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU29824/97A AU2982497A (en) 1996-06-25 1997-06-06 A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics
EP97924398A EP0918620A1 (en) 1996-06-25 1997-06-06 A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO962684A NO301030B1 (en) 1996-06-25 1996-06-25 Overlap joints between tablecloths and method of cutting weldable tablecloths
NO962684 1996-06-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997049541A1 true WO1997049541A1 (en) 1997-12-31

Family

ID=19899560

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1997/000145 WO1997049541A1 (en) 1996-06-25 1997-06-06 A lap joint between fabrics and a method of joining weldable fabrics

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0918620A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2982497A (en)
NO (1) NO301030B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997049541A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6933251B2 (en) * 1998-03-02 2005-08-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Mathui Tape Kougyousho Fabric for welding

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2592463A (en) * 1946-10-10 1952-04-08 Warner Brothers Co Machine for cutting, processing, and/or seaming fabric or like sections and product thereof
US2962082A (en) * 1955-10-10 1960-11-29 Donat J Lenney Method and means for sealing seams
GB2146578A (en) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-24 Lasse Liukko A method for making a seam

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2592463A (en) * 1946-10-10 1952-04-08 Warner Brothers Co Machine for cutting, processing, and/or seaming fabric or like sections and product thereof
US2962082A (en) * 1955-10-10 1960-11-29 Donat J Lenney Method and means for sealing seams
GB2146578A (en) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-24 Lasse Liukko A method for making a seam

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6933251B2 (en) * 1998-03-02 2005-08-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Mathui Tape Kougyousho Fabric for welding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO962684D0 (en) 1996-06-25
NO962684A (en) 1997-09-01
EP0918620A1 (en) 1999-06-02
AU2982497A (en) 1998-01-14
NO301030B1 (en) 1997-09-01

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