WO1997048117A1 - The provision of color elements on substrates by means of a screen-printing or stencil-printing method - Google Patents
The provision of color elements on substrates by means of a screen-printing or stencil-printing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997048117A1 WO1997048117A1 PCT/IB1997/000615 IB9700615W WO9748117A1 WO 1997048117 A1 WO1997048117 A1 WO 1997048117A1 IB 9700615 W IB9700615 W IB 9700615W WO 9748117 A1 WO9748117 A1 WO 9748117A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stencil
- printing
- screen
- substrate
- paste
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1216—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by screen printing or stencil printing
- H05K3/1225—Screens or stencils; Holders therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/14—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/12—Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
Definitions
- the invention relates to the provision of a paste on a substrate to manufacture color elements in accordance with a pattern, such as the provision of phosphor elements on display windows or color-filter elements on substrates for display devices (for example LCDs).
- a display window of a CRT cathode ray tube
- phosphor dots by means of a lithographic process.
- This has the disadvantage that it requires many production steps, expensive masks and expensive illumination equipment. Hitherto, this is the only usable method for printing the bidirectionally curved window of most conventional CRTs.
- the invention is based on the recognition that for printing the screen of a unidirectionally curved window or of the window of a flat display (for example a plasma display) use can advantageously be made of a screen- printing method or a stencil- printing method.
- Screen printing and stencil printing are used, inter alia, for PCBs, LCDs, multilayer capacitors and resistors.
- the duration and the cost of the process can be reduced, in particular, if this technique is used to print phosphors of three different colors in the apertures of a matrix.
- a matrix is a grid of compartments which are surrounded by raised edges.
- matrices are: a black matrix on (TTO-coated) glass (in a CRT) a glass matrix (in an embodiment of a plasma display).
- the screen-printing process is carried out as follows: a screen comprising woven, clamped gauze, which is made, for example, of stainless steel, polyester, nylon or another synthetic material, with a partly removed photopolymer layer, the removed portion forming the desired pattern, is provided on the substrate (the surface to be printed).
- a squeegee is moved over the screen, thereby a paste (for example a mixture of a phosphor and a binder) is spread.
- a stencil is a metal foil in which holes are provided at the locations where the paste is to pass through it.
- the result of the printing process is governed by three sub-processes: spreading the paste on the screen or stencil filling the apertures in the screen or stencil - discharging the paste from the screen or stencil onto the substrate.
- each pixel consists of three dots which each produce a different color when they are excited.
- the entire screen must be covered with a pattern of small phosphor dots luminescing in three different colors. If this process is carried out by means of the screen-printing technique, the following problems are encountered: dots luminescing in different colors may overlap. (If during printing of the second and/or third layer, the screen is not properly positioned, the screen deformation is too high or the reproducibility of the deformation too low.) - overlap of dots luminescing in different colors causes parts of the surface to remain unprinted. the dots may smear.
- a subsequent screen is provided on the already existing printed layer.
- the dots may have the wrong thickness.
- a layer to be printed may be influenced by the preceding layer. (This can be attributed to the fact that due to said preceding layer the printing surface is no longer flat.) - previously printed layers influence the shape and the thickness of the dots in the subsequent layer.
- screen printing + another printing method dosing of paste by means of a screen-printing screen into a matrix having (high) walls, which is made by means of another method (for example a photolithographically produced black matrix for a CRT or a glass matrix for a specific type of plasma display. In this manner, dots having an at least slightly concave shape are formed
- stencil printing + another printing method dosing of a paste by means of a stencil into a matrix having (high) walls.
- stencil printing by means of special stencils smart stencil printing: dosing of a paste into a matrix having (low) walls or onto a substrate without a matrix, and utilizing a stencil having additional cavities.
- dots having an at least slightly convex shape are formed.
- the advantage of printing into a matrix having (high) walls is that a special stencil is redundant.
- the use of an ordinary screen printing screen or stencil is sufficient.
- the accuracy of the pattern is determined by the process with which the matrix is printed.
- the dimensions of the apertures in the screen or stencil may be smaller than the compartments of the matrix, so that small deformations of the screen or the stencil do not affect the printing result.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention use is made of special stencils for printing phosphor dots onto display screens.
- solid stencils comprising capillary apertures at the location of the desired pattern.
- the lower side of the stencil is provided with cavities which can accommodate the layers already printed.
- the stencils are solid structures, so that they are much more stable than a screen- printing screen.
- the flow resistance of the capillaries is a function of the diameter, length and shape of said capillaries.
- the special stencils can also be used for applications other than the provision of phosphors.
- the stencils are very suitable for each application in which a plurality of layers, possibly of special thicknesses, are to be provided.
- special stencils have, inter alia, the following advantages: - a higher resolution (finer patterns are possible) variable layer thickness is possible (also in a printing step) a plurality of layers can be provided on one substrate.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a part of a customary screen-printing screen from which the photopolymer layer is partly removed.
- Fig. 2 schematically shows the screen-printing process in which a squeegee is moved over the screen to spread a paste, where after lifting the screen paste remains on the substrate at the location of the apertures in the screen.
- Fig. 3 schematically shows how patterns of phosphor dots luminescing in different colors are successively printed by means of a special stencil.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic, cross-sectional view, respectively, of a part of a special stencil having two layers and a special stencil having three layers.
- Fig. 5 A shows a substantially convex dot and a substantially concave dot if printing takes place into a matrix having high walls.
- Fig. 5B shows a convex dot if printing takes place into a matrix having low walls or if a matrix is absent.
- Fig. 5C shows a flat dot which is ideal for specific applications.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a part of an embodiment of a plasma display.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a part of an ordinary screen- printing screen, in which the threads of the woven screen and the resist material are referenced (1) and (2), respectively.
- Fig. 2 A shows the position of the squeegee (3) on the screen (4).
- Said squeegee (3) spreads the paste (5), thereby exerting a pressure on the screen (4) so that said screen engages the substrate (6).
- Reference numeral (7) indicates the location of an aperture in the screen (4).
- the squeegee may have different shapes. In this case, the shape of the squeegee is schematically shown.
- Fig. 2B shows that after the squeegee (3) distributing the paste (5) has passed over the aperture (7), a quantity of paste (8) is provided on the substrate (4) at the location of said aperture (7).
- squeegee (3) spreads green phosphor paste (9) on the special stencil, which results in the formation of dots on the substrate as the paste is passed through the apertures (16).
- Fig. 3B shows how a special stencil is arranged on the substrate after the provision of the green phosphor dots (10), said printed green dots (10) being accommodated by cavities (17) of the stencil. Subsequently, the red paste (11) is passed through the apertures (16).
- Fig. 3C shows how the green dots (10) and the red dots (12) are accommodated by the cavities (17) of the stencil.
- the blue paste (13) is pressed through the apertures (16), so that the blue dots (14) are printed on the substrate (6).
- the sequence in which the different colors are printed is not defined. The above-mentioned sequence serves only as an example.
- Fig. 3D shows the substrate on which 3 colors are printed.
- the stencil(s) employed for printing the three colors are equal.
- the stencils for the various printing steps do not have to be identical.
- the height dimension of the various cavities may vary within a stencil and from cavity to cavity.
- Fig. 4A shows a special stencil (18) having two layers.
- the upper layer may be made of metal and the lower layer may be made of a flexible material.
- Fig. 4B shows a special screen (19) having three layers. The upper layer is provided with cavities (20).
- Figs. 5A, 5B and 5C show possible shapes of dots.
- the dot shape is an important aspect with regard to the brightness and homogeneity of the display screen.
- the eventual shape of the phosphor dots is attained during the drying process.
- the shape after printing and before drying does have an influence on the shape after drying.
- the viscosity and formulation of the paste have an influence on the properties during drying.
- the paste, the screen and the drying conditions influence the density and shape of the dots after drying.
- the viscosity of the paste, the screen resistance and the geometry of the pattern have an influence on the quantity of paste being dosed.
- the binder is removed from the paste, so that almost only the phosphor particles are left.
- the dots having three different colors can be successively provided without an intermediate drying step, provided that the matrix compartments are not filled excessively.
- the dots can be printed in any shape ranging from convex to concave. Under certain conditions, the profile changes from convex to concave during drying. The printing of a color into a number of the compartments normally does not lead to contamination of the other compartments.
- the original flat shape Fig.
- 5C 5C of the dots is maintained, inter alia in CRTs, instead of allowing the dots to spread so as to form a bump having a convex shape.
- a concave shape is generally desired. Dots printed into a matrix have less spread. The height dimension of the spots is larger, which can probably be attributed to said reduction in spread. If the viscosity of the paste used is not too high and the matrix compartments are not filled excessively, a concave dot shape is attained since the paste sinks downwards yet sticks to the side walls as a result of adhesion. If the glass is provided with an indium-tin oxide coating, this coating does not adversely affect the quality of the dots.
- a drying period is superfluous.
- the cavities of the stencil may have a hexagonal shape if printing is carried out into a matrix having hexagonal compartments or if a hexagonal shape of the dots is desired.
- the shape and the material of the squeegee used also have an effect on the shape of the dots.
- the angle which the squeegee and the screen or the stencil make with each other, and the influence of said angle on the pressure in the paste and hence on the quantity of paste pressed through the holes, are the most important factors in this respect. If the compartments of a stencil are filled only partly, for example, adhesion to the walls may lead to a concave shape which also remains after the removal of the stencil.
- There are various types of squeegees (in terms of shape and material) which, depending on the conditions, have different properties. A small angle between the squeegee and the screen generally leads to a better result, as does a material having a greater hardness.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic, cross-sectional view of a part of an embodiment of a plasma display.
- the compartments (21) of the glass matrix are surrounded by walls (23) and their inner surfaces are coated with a phosphor (22).
- Reference numeral (24) indicates the window through which the light emitted by excited phosphors exits.
- a stencil which is entirely made of metal a stencil having a metal upper layer in which the apertures are formed through which the paste is supplied, and a lower layer of a flexible material, for example a polymer, in which the cavities for accommodating preceding layers are provided a metal stencil whose bottom side is covered, either completely or partly, with a flexible material (at least the parts contacting the substrate are preferably covered with said flexible material.) any one of the above embodiments, with reservoirs being situated above the apertures provided with capillaries (Fig. 4B).
- An advantage of the first embodiment is that said stencil is less subject to deformation than other stencils.
- An advantage of the second and third embodiments is that the flexibility of the coating material enables a better sealing to be attained, so that the risk of running is reduced.
- Advantages of the last embodiment are: thinner layers can be printed, using relatively thick stencils which cause less pattern deformation than thin stencils. by virtue of the reservoirs, the squeegee cannot penetrate into the capillaries, so that the printing thickness cannot be influenced in this manner. the quantity of paste discharged from the stencil can be more accurately controlled.
- the invention enables a plurality of layers to be successively provided, while the degree of deformation is substantially reduced, and the thickness of the layers can be more accurately controlled.
- the invention relates to the provision of a paste on a substrate to manufacture color elements in accordance with a pattern, such as the provision of phosphor elements on display windows (for example of a CRT or a plasma display) or color-filter elements on substrates for display devices (for example LCDs).
- the dots can be provided on a substrate into a high or a low matrix, or on a substrate without a matrix.
- use can be made of special stencils which enable different layers to be successively printed on a substrate without a matrix, with previously printed layers hardly exerting an influence on the layers to be printed next.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97920926A EP0843886A1 (en) | 1996-06-11 | 1997-05-29 | The provision of color elements on substrates by means of a screen-printing or stencil-printing method |
JP10501391A JPH11510755A (en) | 1996-06-11 | 1997-05-29 | Preparation of color elements on substrate by screen printing or stencil printing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96201623.4 | 1996-06-11 | ||
EP96201623 | 1996-06-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997048117A1 true WO1997048117A1 (en) | 1997-12-18 |
Family
ID=8224070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB1997/000615 WO1997048117A1 (en) | 1996-06-11 | 1997-05-29 | The provision of color elements on substrates by means of a screen-printing or stencil-printing method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0843886A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11510755A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1198247A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997048117A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000048845A1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-24 | Fry's Metals, Inc. | Improved stencil |
EP1229387A2 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Lithography apparatus, lithography method and method of manufacturing master print for transfer |
US6548106B1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-04-15 | Minami Co., Ltd. | Method of applying corrosion inhibitor to parts mounted circuit board |
WO2010142273A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-16 | Nb Technologies Gmbh | Screen printing stencil |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101290854B (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2010-06-02 | 南京华显高科有限公司 | Method for preventing plasma display from hole-filling by fluorescent powder printing |
CN103042818B (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2015-12-16 | 正中科技股份有限公司 | Screen structure |
CN102795005B (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2015-12-02 | 厦门飞德利照明科技有限公司 | A kind of fluorescent material silk-screen printing technique of LED module |
JP2019155731A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | Fdk株式会社 | Solder paste printing method, solder paste printing mask, and production method of electronic circuit module |
CN108891123A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-27 | 深圳市崯涛油墨科技有限公司 | The production method and silk-screen halftone of silk-screen halftone |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4020191A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1977-04-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method for forming flat display panel phosphor dots |
US4622272A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-11-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Luminescent screen for picture display apparatus and method for manufacturing such device |
US4651053A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1987-03-17 | Sony Corporation | Display tube having printed copolymer film layer |
-
1997
- 1997-05-29 CN CN 97191011 patent/CN1198247A/en active Pending
- 1997-05-29 WO PCT/IB1997/000615 patent/WO1997048117A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-29 EP EP97920926A patent/EP0843886A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-29 JP JP10501391A patent/JPH11510755A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4020191A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1977-04-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method for forming flat display panel phosphor dots |
US4651053A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1987-03-17 | Sony Corporation | Display tube having printed copolymer film layer |
US4622272A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-11-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Luminescent screen for picture display apparatus and method for manufacturing such device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 10, No. 298, P-505; & JP,A,61 113 064, (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP), 30 May 1986. * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 3, No. 25, E-94; & JP,A,54 003 463, (HITACHI LTD), 11 January 1979. * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000048845A1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-24 | Fry's Metals, Inc. | Improved stencil |
US6548106B1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2003-04-15 | Minami Co., Ltd. | Method of applying corrosion inhibitor to parts mounted circuit board |
EP1229387A2 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Lithography apparatus, lithography method and method of manufacturing master print for transfer |
EP1229387A3 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2004-03-17 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Lithography apparatus, lithography method and method of manufacturing master print for transfer |
WO2010142273A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-16 | Nb Technologies Gmbh | Screen printing stencil |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH11510755A (en) | 1999-09-21 |
EP0843886A1 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
CN1198247A (en) | 1998-11-04 |
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