WO1997043520A1

WO1997043520A1 - Engine annular link or annular drive link

Info

Publication number: WO1997043520A1
Application number: PCT/IT1997/000107
Authority: WO
Inventors: Romano Murri
Original assignee: Romano Murri
Priority date: 1996-05-15
Filing date: 1997-05-12
Publication date: 1997-11-20
Also published as: AU2787697A; ITRM960338A0; ITRM960338A1

Abstract

This document is only an illustration and not an explicit account of the invention presented. This device is basically an annular link built and used as presented in the explanation. It allows and determines the relative movements of mechanical elements (with circular, or rather circular portion, plan view) inside a spherical surface (or portion of a spherical surface) in which they are enclosed. The elements' movements or the combination of their movements is such as to determine the cyclic variation of volume of chambers delimited by the elements (of which the system is composed).

Description

DESCRIPTION

DESMODROMIC ANNULAR DEVICE COMMAND CONTROL OF RELATIVE MOVEMENT OF COMPONENTS INSIDE OF AN ENGINE OR A SPHERYC PUMP, SO COLLED :

"ENGINE ANNULAR LINK" OR "ANNULAR DRIVE LINK"

The present invention regards a toroidal tridimensional mechanical element that further shall be referred to as THE RING. It rotates around an axis passing throught the centre of its own circumference, generating and/or controlling the cyclic movements of components enclosed in the sphere itself. At the same time the components mentioned rotate around an axis decentralised in regard to the one of the RING, which for its form and nature is able to perform a plurality of functions, or a combinations of functions, as it shall be further illustrated. The inventor on his behalf admits some difficulty in classifyng the invention due to the restrictive patent procedures if not for else. Because of vast multiplicity of RING's possibilities, it was preferred to describe the invention itself rather than its almost infinite applications.

Consequently the content of the present document has to be understood as an explanation of the patent itself and possible practical applications deriving from its function. The invention, other than being concretely fasible and industrially useful in a wide number of fields, posses important advantages in regard to the known mechanical components based on the principle of cyclic variation of volume.

The important advantages are due to, as mentioned before, the form and nature (is preferred that the RING operate inside of a spherical body, fixed or mobile, but it's not necessary) that allow a plurality (at least one) of spaces where volume is cyclically varied. This is possible due to a cyclic sequence of relative movements of the elements, induced by the RING. As the effect of the variation of volume, the mechanism incorporating the RING, is able to perform the functions of "an engine element" (reversible as well), or a "pump" ( with a function of aspiration and compression and traslation of fluid and gas masses). Depending if the generator of energy is a stroke cycle engine (or other) or power applied under a determinate pressure (or mechanic motive energy) as a consequence of its nature the mechanism transforms that energy into pressure applicable on a fluid. Before proceeding note that it's not necessary to consider greatly the physic-chemical transformations between energy (adiabatic or not) and temperature.

As it can be concluded this patent has an almost unlimited number of applications and some examples are pumps (reversible or not) for fluids in general, liquid or not, and endothrmic and exothermic motors. Beside, we should also consider the functions and usage of this invention that can be different but incorporated and simultaneously applied inside the same mechanism able to become a device that on one side is an engine and on the other a pump. On the other hand two or more mechanisms incorporating the RING, although with a different function, could be simultaneously used inside of one new mechanism. For example this new device could be : a) on one side an engine and on the other a pump, b) on one side a pump and on the other a thermic exchanger and so on. Here are some pratical examples how the invention could be used : hydraulic brake, couple converter, hydraulic transmission, hydraulic central for one or more circuits, volumeter for hidraulic or other motors, always with a possibility of a simoultaneous interaction.

Basically, the RING permits the construction of a mechanism characterised with kinematics motion and able to absorb the functions of engine and/or reversible pump. It is important to consider that the RING could be composed of independent elements which operate together and their performance is identified with that of the RING.

Looking at the figure 5, the RING "R" appears interrupted the points of the pins "P", but the different components, pins included, function together as if the RING were constructed as a single piece. Note that in this case the connecting pins are cylindrical and symmetric but could have completely different shape.

In the following description one of the possible applications of the present invention is hypothesised. In the figure 1 the principle elements of such application are identified as following. "A" is a circular wing that rotates around itself having as axis its own diameter. Orthogonally to the diameter of "A" another mobile wing "AM" is hinged. It is free to move having as a fulcrum the hinge "C" itself. The movement of the mobile wing "AM" is condition by being connected to the ring "R" by two articulated connection points "P". This ring is free to move along the trench on the inside of spherical surface of mechanism in which included. As a consequence the motion of the mobile wing "Am^" is directly caused by the RING'S phase displacement in respect to the rotation axis of the wing "A". If the phase displacement is 45° it causes the 90° movement of "AM" that corresponds to a cyclic variation of volume of four chambers formed by the two wings ("A" and "AM"). The sum of the chambers' volume is equal to the volume of the sphere inside of which they are inclosed.

In other words a device having a sphere of 10 cm. radius, is able to pump fluid at the rate of

4186 cc at each rotation of 360°. But in the case that the phase displacement were inferior to

45°, the device would be able to pump more than its own volume.

Precisely one chamber defined by two wings and the interior surface of the sphere can arrive, in theory, to have a maximum volume equal to the half of the sphere capacity (in practice it is necessarily inferior). So, the chambers being four, the maximum pump capacity results to be almost the double of the sphere's volume. ln reality this solution creates a possibility to have a pump with two separate circuits of minimal dimension or an engine "one time Otto cycle" containing 4,5 litres and more inside of a 10 cm radius sphere.

Another singular characteristic of the device is being able to make possible the variation of the capacity of the chambers without any extra cost of continuity. In fact as it is shown in fig

2, if the ring is introduced in a circular mobile band and decentralised in regard to it, with the rotation of the band phase displacement of the ring varies in regard to rotation axis, producing as a consequence a minor relative angular movement of "mobile wing" and so the different value of chambers' capacity. Such invention, in any case, has a characteristic of being used in a plurality of fields in which reduction of weight and dimension of industrial components is essential or rather useful.

By the use of the ring here presented, as an engine or link, or both at the same time, it is possible to obtain a pump that in every rotation pumps a quantity superior to the proper volume or an engine which cubic capacity, as well, supperates the dimension of the engine itself.

As a consequence of its singular behaviour in space, the RING, generating the movement of mass contained, generally of rotational nature, inducts gyroscopic phenomena. This phenomena can be used to obtain space stabilisation effects.

In order to fulfil its functions, the RING needs one or two mechanical articulated connection points with the internal side of the sphere where the mechanism is inclosed. These sides are internal sphere portions or other components connected to the sphere. In the case, when the ring is installed on the external spherical surface of the device, it is necessary to place, on this surface, the mechanical articulated points so that the ring could perform its function. In this application, the internal surface of the ring will have biconcave profile because it has to trace, in the best possible way, the sferical surface portion occupied by the ring itself.

The other ring surfaces, for example the two lateral or the external one, could have continuous or discontinuous profile and be connected to radial or other kinds of elements

These surfaces could have for example tooth gear and so be capable to transmit the movement. One application of such mechanism could be as an element of a gear pump for lubrication circuits or others.

The specific characteristics of the invention shall result evident from the following detailed description. The description refers to two drawings (1/2 , 2/2) and gives the idea of vast applications of the invention in direct connection to the almost unlimited number of the invention's forms.

DRAWINGS' REFERENCE

DRAWING V₂

the figure 1 represents one of the possible section views of the ring along its diameter. The figure 2 represents the orthogonal section view of the figure 1. Identified here are : A-a circular rotating ring, Am- a mobile wing, C-hinge, R- the ring, P- connecting pins, F- mobile band with a role to determine volume variability of the chambers without a continuity extra cost. The figure 3 represents the section view of one of the possible applications of the ring. Her we have an endothermic engine "one time Otto cycle". The references are the same as in the preceding figure. In the oval section view we can see one of many possibilities that the ring can addopt ; S- is internal biconcave profile of the ring.

DRAWING 2/2

The figure 4 represents one possible section view of the ring in which are shown, on the left side the realisation rich with components and on the right side a realisation of maximum semplicity and distinguishes : R- the ring, T- sealing rings, S- rotating spheres, I- gears that could be used for power transmission for example in the case of fluid pump's elements and etc., P- connection pins between the ring and a mobile wing.

The figure 5 represents a prospective view of a device including the ring. It's an andothermic engine with four lobes, some characteristics and functions details included. In this case the ring is not incorporated in the design but with R is indicated the position where it should be inserted.

Claims

Following are descriptions of different forms the invention could adopt :

1) It's a solid toroidal body with regular or irregular form. Its internal surfaces or rather one of the internal surfaces has a convex or biconvex profile. Its principal function is to control the movement of mechanical elements (preferably, but not necessarily circular) in a spherical space. This movement is controlled through one or more articulated connection points or partially fixed points. The points of connection can be external to the surface of the ring so that they interrupt the annular profile but they can also be inserted in a trench made on the annular surface, interrupting continuity of the profile as well.

2) It's a solid body as in claim 1) but composed of more parts which in practise function together as the ring. This new compact ring can consist of parts of different nature.

3) It's an annular element made of rigid or elastic material, solid, liquid or gaseous substances, inclosed or partially inclosed in a definite space. Throught the connections elements, the annular element controls and/or determines the movement of other elements (preferably but not necessarily circular) connected to it, in the spherical space. These elements together with other elements internal to the sphere define chambers of a specific volume that can be cyclically varied in the continued or even discontinued manner.

4) It's a discontinued annular element made of a quantity of components which are connected among themselves. This connection can be continued or discontinued, constant or casual. The annular element is able to fit on a discontinued annular device (helicoidal or other). The annular device has its internal surface, in respect to its own circumference, convex or pluriconvex (costant or interrupted). It's able to determine and/or control, through connection points, the movement of components inside of the sphere which incloses them. As a consequence of this it can variate cyclically the volume of the sphere. 5) It's an annular element as in claim 1 ), 2), 3) and 4) operating on the external surface at a sphere. This sphere is inscribed and centred in respect to another sphere that surrounds it creating the space between the two sphere. The volume of the space (delimited in the most convenient way) is varied cyclically by the movement induced and or controlled by the ring.